Exam #8 study guide
A client with a history of allergic rhinitis comes to the clinic for an evaluation. The client is prescribed triamcinolone. What will the nurse include when teaching the client about this drug? A)Take the drug orally before, with, or after meals. B)Use ice chips to alleviate the symptoms of dry mouth. C) Be aware that some nasal burning and itching may occur. D) Place the prescribed number of drops into the conjunctiva.
B) Be aware that some nasal burning and itching may occur Triamcinolone is an inhaled corticosteroid administered by a metered-spray device. It may cause dyring of the nasal mucosa and burning and itching sensations. The drug is not given orally and does not cause dry mouth. Adrenergic topical ophthalmic drops are used for symptomatic relief of eye irritations resulting from allergies.
The nurse in an allergy clinic is assessing a new patient. The nurse is aware that histamine plays an important role in the immune response and that the effects of histamine can manifest in assessment findings. What response can occur as a result of histamine release? A)Constriction of small venules B)Contraction of bronchial smooth muscle C)Dilation of large blood vessels D)Decrease secretion of gastric and mucosal cells
B) Contraction of bronchial smooth muscle Histamine's effects during the immune response include contraction of bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in wheezing and bronchospasm; an increase in secretion of gastric and mucosal cells; dilation of small venules; and constriction of large blood vessels.
The nurse in an allergy clinic is assessing a new patient. The nurse is aware that histamine plays an important role in the immune response and that the effects of histamine can manifest in assessment findings. What response can occur as a result of histamine release? A)Constriction of small venules B) Contraction of bronchial smooth muscle C) Dilation of large blood vessels D) Decrease secretion of gastric and mucosal cells
B) contraction of bronchial smooth muscle Histamine's effects during the immune response include contraction of bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in wheezing and bronchospasm; an increase in secretion of gastric and mucosal cells; dilation of small venules; and constriction of large blood vessels.
The nurse explains to a client that immunotherapy initally starts with injections at which interval? A) Daily B) Weekly C) Bi-monthly D) Monthly
B) weekly Typically, immunotherapy begins with very small amounts and gradually increases, usually at weekly intervals until a maximum tolerated dose is attained. Then maintenance booster injections are administered at 2- to 4-week intervals, frequently for a period of several years.
A client has had a "stuffy nose" and obtained an oxymetazoline nasal spray. What education should the nurse provide to the client in order to prevent "rebound congestion"? A)Be sure to use the nasal spray for at least 10 days to ensure the stuffiness is gone. B)Use the medication every 4 hours to prevent congestion from recurring. C) Drink plenty of fluids. D)Only use the nasal spray for 3 to 4 days once every 12 hours.
D) only use the nasal spray for 3 to 4 days once every 12 hours Adrenergic agents, which are vasoconstrictors of mucosal vessels, are used topically in nasal (oxymetazoline [Afrin]) and ophthalmic (brimonidine [Alphagan P]) formulations in addition to the oral route (pseudoephedrine [Sudafed]). The topical route (drops and sprays) causes fewer side effects than oral administration; however, the use of drops and sprays should be limited to a few days to avoid rebound congestion.
