Exam III
To control occasional pain and inflammation, a person uses an over-the-counter drug containing ibuprofen. Interestingly, recent research shows that the person also may be reducing the risk of contracting which disease?
Alzheimer's disease
A person who once experienced normal to above-normal levels of sexual desire recently has begun to feel much less sexual desire than normal. A sexual dysfunction following this pattern would be called
acquired
Of the following, which has the HIGHEST risk of causing organ damage and long-lasting mental change?
alcohol
"I have this vague sense that something isn't right, but I just can't describe it," is astatement MOST likely said by someone experiencing
alexithymia
Serotonin levels are low in those with eating disorders and in those with obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression. This means that
all the disorders cause serotonin to decrease
Which research finding supports the idea that individuals may inherit a predisposition to post traumatic stress disorder?
Elevated cortisol levels in babies born to women who were pregnant during the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks
Imagine that you just had a "close call" while driving, but now you feel your body returning to normal. Which part of your nervous system is controlling this return to normalcy?
Parasympathetic nervous system
"My seven-year-old needs to get help for conduct disorder. What do you recommend?" Based on current research, which is the BEST answer?
Parent management training should work best
An individual suffering from a neurological disorder shows no evidence of infection or poisoning but experiences tremors, rigidity, and unsteadiness. The MOST probable diagnosis is:
Parkinson's disease
A client receiving treatment for identity disorder is progressing well through therapy; then, fusion occurs. MOST likely, the client has
merged the first two or more sub personalities
EMTs responding to an emergency call find a person who has injected an overdose of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid. The BEST opioid antagonist to use in this situation is
naloxone
Childhood patterns of behavior that are diagnosed as bipolar disorder differ from adult patterns in that:
children display rage and aggression rather than mania
Behavioral and somatic symptoms, such as clinginess, sleep difficulties, and stomach pain, rather than cognitive symptoms are MORE characteristic of anxiety disorders in:
children rather than in adults
A 7-year-old child is wetting the bed at night. The bed-wetting apparently is beyond the child's control. The BEST diagnosis is
enuresis
A shortcoming of Holmes and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale is that it:
does not take into consideration the particular life-stress reactions of specific populations.
If a young person is taking a health-maintenance approach to aging, the person would be:
doing things that promote physical and mental health
A man appeared at the emergency room complaining of bloody diarrhea. The physician who examined him found that the man was intentionally creating the diarrhea through use of laxatives and anticoagulant medication and that he liked being a patient. The man is MOST likely
experiencing a factitious disorder.
A therapist who sat with a patient with bulimia while the patient ate appropriate quantities of "forbidden" foods, and then stayed until the patient no longer had the urge to purge, would be practicing:
exposure and response prevention
Peter is a behavioral therapist who exposes patients with bulimia to situations that usually cause binge episodes and then prevents them from binge eating. This technique is called:
exposure and response prevention
Shy and anxious children who have mild to moderate degrees of intellectual dysfunction, language impairments, and behavioral problems are MOST likely to be diagnosed with:
fragile X syndrome
Compared to the mental health professionals of early twentieth century, today's mental health professionals:
give a lot more attention to the needs and problems of children
Both psychodynamic theorists and cognitive-behavioral theorists believe that in conversion disorder, the symptoms that appear:
help the person avoid unpleasant situations
Which person would be diagnosed correctly with intellectual disability?
someone with an IQ of 69 having problems coping with life
Possible reasons for the difference in Alzheimer's disease risk for non-Hispanic white Americans compared with other racial and ethnic groups include all of the following EXCEPT:
stress brought about by language and employment barriers
In response to a threat, we perspire, breathe more quickly, get goose bumps, and feel nauseated. These responses are controlled by the:
sympathetic nervous system
Women who want to reduce their risk of developing Alzheimer's should
take estrogen for years after menopause
A frequent drug user finds that larger doses of a drug are necessary to produce the same "high" that much lower doses once produced. That drug user is developing:
tolerance
According to research, 18 percent of unemployed adults use an illegal drug. This is approximately _____ the rate seen in employed adults.
1.5
Researchers have examined the relationship between the sleep people need and the sleep people get. Based on their findings, which of the following statements is generally TRUE?
Across all age groups, people generally get less sleep than they need
Your elderly grandfather is deteriorating. At first, he seemed only mildly forgetful, but lately he has had trouble recalling the names of close relatives and cannot remember where he is. He used to be very loving and patient, but now he is very unpleasant, and his condition is worsening. He is MOST likely experiencing:
Alzheimer's disease
How do delirium tremens (DTs) differ from other withdrawal reactions?
DTs are associated with serious health consequences that could result in death
Which is the MOST accurate statement about the effectiveness of psychological debriefing in the aftermath of a disaster (based on research studies)?
Debriefing can have a negative effect on some victims
Pat and Kelly each have five of the same cocktail. Pat gets very drunk. Kelly does not. Which factor would MOST likely account for this difference?
Pat is a woman, and Kelly is a man
A woman with anorexia has lanugo. What has happened?
She has grown fine silky hair on her body
A common cardiovascular effect of anorexia is a slow heart rate (bradycardia).Which explanation BEST describes why this is true?
The body is trying to conserve energy
Which statement BEST reflects our understanding of hysterical disorders?
The causes of hysterical disorders are poorly understood, with no theory predominant in aiding understanding.
Regarding anxiety disorders and aging, which statement is NOT true?
The prevalence of anxiety among the elderly is comparable to that of other agegroups.
What is the significance of the 1940s study by Keys et al. in which healthy individuals placed on a semi starvation diet developed a preoccupation with food?
This study supports the idea that a preoccupation with food is a result of starvation
Compared with erectile disorder, early ejaculation is:
common among men of all ages
Which of these is NOT a factor that contributes to Alzheimer's disease?
concussion or other brain injury
A child sneaks out of the home every now and then and goes through the neighborhood breaking lawn decorations and scratching car paint. These behaviors MOST closely fit which pattern of conduct disorder?
covert-destructive
Erin has moderate intellectual disability, a small head and flat face, as well as a protruding tongue. Her condition is MOST likely:
down syndrome
A man with muscle dysmorphia is MOST likely to:
feel that he is scrawny despite the fact that he is not
Clinicians recognize that treatment for Alzheimer's disease includes
focusing on the needs of caregivers
In a very crowded department store during the Christmas rush, a woman suddenly feels a stranger rubbing his genital area against her thigh. He continues until the crowd begins to break up, and then he moves away. The MOST likely diagnosis for this man is:
frotteurism
If you do things during your life that promote physical and psychological well-being,you are engaging in a _____ approach to aging
health-maintenance
Recent research shows that a person developing Alzheimer's disease is related to:
lower hippocampus activity earlier in life
Abnormal beta-amyloid protein activity is to _____, as abnormal tau protein activity is to _____.
plaques; tangles
A woman who is particularly threatened by any display of anger becomes unable to speak when she is most angry with her husband, thereby keeping the anger out of her awareness. According to psychodynamic theorists, she is achieving _____ from her illness
primary gain
Ron and Dora are in sex therapy and are working on eliminating the spectator role. They will likely be advised to:
refrain from having intercourse and focus on other body pleasure instead
Lisa reports pain during intercourse. It is MOST likely caused by
some physical condition
A college professor's work performance recently has deteriorated, and his colleagues find him difficult to talk to. If this is due to a problem with drugs, the best description of this professor's behavior would be:
substance use disorder
Which is NOT a factor that contributes to the misuse of prescription drugs among the elderly?
the advent of newer, cheaper, and more potent narcotic medications
The main criticism of the cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic explanations for the maintenance of hysterical disorders is that:
they cannot explain how the gains can outweigh the pain of the disorder
A person uses a substance at noon. Although remaining awake and alert, the person experiences poor coordination, palpitations, and greatly enhanced visual perceptions. By dinner, the symptoms have almost completely subsided. The person MOST likely:
took LSD
Which is NOT an example of current trends in sex therapy?
Treating only those who do not have other serious psychological problems
A patient with anorexia who says, "My self-worth is not dependent on my weight, "has most likely received:
cognitive-behavioral therapy
A child is extremely aggressive. She is always fighting with her peers and is frequently very cruel to them. She never tells the truth. Her MOST likely diagnosis is
conduct disorder
A flash flood hits a small Appalachian community. Those providing a critical incident stress debriefing intervention would:
provide short-term counseling services
If you had a PET scan at a relatively young age to predict your likelihood of developing Alzheimer's, you would be most disturbed if you had:
reduced hippocampus activity
Therapists who take a reinforcement approach while treating a conversion disorder would be MOST likely to focus on:
reducing the rewards available for displaying the disorder
Wesley, a recovering heavy drinker, has been trained to identify the situations that might cause him to drink and to be aware of when he should stop drinking. This approach is known as:
relapse-prevention training
Leo drank quite a lot at the "biggest party of the year." Later, he had trouble falling asleep, so he took a Valium. If he dies from respiratory failure during the night, it is probably because the alcohol and Valium created a(n)
synergistic effect
Psychophysiological disorders differ from fictitious disorders in that:
the former result from an interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.
Short-term memory is like a _____, whereas long-term memory is like a _____
workbench; storage cabinet
"Grandpa is 88 years old, and there's no sign of neurocognitive disorder," says a friend of yours. Your MOST accurate reply is
"That's wonderful—about half of people that age do have signs of neurocognitivedisorder.
Which finding would lead you to suspect someone has a conversion disorder rather than another medical cause?
A great number of accidents and an inability, in a "blind" person, to get around
Which situation would be MOST likely to lead to a diagnosis of muscle dysmorphia?
A man is muscular but does not see himself as being muscular, so he continues to strive for a perfect body
Which medical breakthrough is MOST likely to appeal to an overweight person?
A way to safely increase GLP-1 in humans
Which description BEST represents someone with bulimia nervosa?
A woman regularly tells herself that she is going to eat a small healthy meal but then commonly finds herself eating an entire pizza, a carton of ice cream, and a box of doughnuts at one sitting. She immediately feels shame and guilt and then forces herself to throw it all up
Who is MOST likely to experience a psychophysiological disorder?
An African American male
Which statement is true regarding both children with mild and those with profound intellectual disability (ID)?
Both have difficulty learning, but children with profound ID are more "educable."
With regard to post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), what effect is expected in soldiers who are directly exposed to prolonged combat-related stress?
Higher rates of PTSD symptoms
Why do some researchers believe dissociative identity disorder is culture-bound?
It is rare or nonexistent in certain countries
Which finding BEST argues against the idea that female orgasmic problems are due to society's message to women that they should deny their sexuality
Many women with arousal and orgasmic difficulties have a history of rape or child sexual molestation
Which is the BEST example of the sub personalities in dissociative identity disorder differing in identifying features?
One personality can drive or sew and another cannot
Parents of a child recently diagnosed with ADHD ask what caused it. Based on current research, the BEST response is
Our best guess is that ADHD results from an interaction of several factors
Which statement about the long-term effects of rape on women is MOST accurate?
Rape victims are significantly more likely to abuse alcohol or drugs
What generally happens in the thalamus and the hypothalamus of an individual with Alzheimer's disease?
Selected neurons shrink or die
Which statement is true regarding the location of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain?
Senile plaques are found between neurons in the brain, while neurofibrillary tangles are found within neurons in the brain
Darla thinks she has bad luck. She repeatedly says, "Bad things just happen to me. It doesn't matter what I do. If it can go wrong, it will. And it always does." How does this thinking relate to the development of stress disorders?
She is more susceptible to a stress disorder
Sonia has a Type A personality style, and Liz has a Type B personality style. Theyare both running for class president. How would you expect their campaigns to differ?
Sonia will be more competitive, and Liz will be more relaxed
The National Institute of Mental Health study known as TADS (Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study) produced three major surprises. Which is NOT true about the study's findings?
The danger to adolescents from antidepressants has been overemphasized and is not that significant
Despite having clear economic disadvantages, the health of Hispanic Americans is, on average, at least as good as, and often better than, that of both non-Hispanic white Americans and African Americans. What is one theory that explains this paradox?
The strong family support common in Hispanic American culture increases health resilience among members of this culture.
Which of the following is NOT a response to the increased clinical focus on the young?
The study of treatment of children has slowed down because enough has been conducted.
Which statement BEST reflects current research about the biological causes of autism spectrum disorder?
There are probably multiple biological causes
A person who has anorexia nervosa has dry, rough, cracked skin and may develop lanugo. Why would you not expect to see these symptoms in someone with binge eating disorder?
These symptoms result from nutritional deficiencies caused by starvation
Why might some clinicians favor removing gender dysphoria from the DSM?
They believe the stigma of being transgender is what leads to distress
What do neurocognitive disorder due to Lewy body disease and neurocognitivedisorder due to Alzheimer's disease have in common?
They involve the buildup of disruptive proteins within neurons
The treatment for anorexia may include family therapy. As part of family therapy, the patient and family participate in therapeutic family meals. What is the MOST likely goal of this activity
To observe the family dynamics during meal time and address unhealthy behaviors
Somatic complaints are very common in non-Western medical settings. This pattern MOST likely reflects
a Western bias that sees somatization as an inferior way to handle emotions
The fact that Alzheimer's disease resembles Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease suggests that Alzheimer's may be caused by:
a virus
If an individual had experienced normal sexual functioning for years and then had a problem with becoming aroused only when with her husband as a partner, the type of dysfunction would be called
acquired and situational
A person has normal acetylcholine and glutamate activity. If that person is suspected of having Alzheimer's disease, one might look next for:
an imbalance in the breakdown of calcium in the brain
Research has shown that, compared with other cognitive-behavioral techniques, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for substance use disorder is
at least as effective and sometimes more effective
Devonte does not follow what the teacher is doing and has difficulty focusing on the task at hand. His behavior in class is disruptive because he cannot sit still, which leads to poor grades in school. These symptoms MOST likely indicate
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
A child with autism spectrum disorder points to a picture of a fork on a board rather than saying, "I want food." This child is using a(n):
augmentative communication system
Which of the following is NOT associated with delirium among the elderly?
being overweight or obese
A recently married, physically healthy man expresses great love for his new spouse,yet he feels almost no sexual desire for her. One likely cause of his condition is
belief in a cultural double standard about women
After eating chips, burgers, and fries and drinking two shakes, a woman goes to the gym to "work it off." She does 90 minutes on the elliptical, spends an hour on the stairstepper, and lifts weights for another hour. She then fasts for 72 hours. She repeats this pattern a few days later. Based on this information, which diagnosis would be MOST fitting?
bulimia nervosa
Of the following, which has the LOWEST risks for drug dependency and long-term behavioral change?
cannabis
A person who has an excess of plaques due to Alzheimer's would be likely to have:
cell breakdown and neuron death
A therapist treating a client with illness anxiety disorder repeatedly shows the client how the client's body is less than perfect, while not allowing the client to seek medical attention. MOST likely, the therapist's viewpoint is:
cognitive-behavioral
Ever since Paul's car crash, during which he was miraculously unhurt, Paul has not been the same. He forgets appointments, friends' names, and even things done in the past few days. His amnesia is termed:
continuous
An 80-year-old hospitalized individual is recovering from surgery but now has gotten an infection. Over the course of a few days, the person shows increasing confusion and consistently misinterprets what others are trying to communicate. The MOST probable diagnosis for this condition is:
delirium.
A newly developed drug causes users to lose some muscle control and slur their words. The drug also results in a slowing of central nervous system activity. MOST likely this drug is a
depressant
People who are unable to recall important information about themselves, especially of an upsetting nature, are MOST likely experiencing
dissociative amnesia
Jake is lying in bed and suddenly feels as though he is floating above his body. Thisis called:
doubling
If the state-dependent learning explanation of dissociative disorders is correct, a sub personality would be MOST likely to present
during a time of stress
The LEAST likely contributor to the differences between African Americans and non-Hispanic white Americans in receiving long-acting stimulant drug treatment for ADHD is
economic factors
Months after last taking a drug, a former drug abuser still produces very little serotonin. The person is depressed and anxious and has great difficulty remembering new material. MOST likely, the abused substance was
ecstasy
A student who dreads being called on in class, and in fact panics at the thought of public speaking, is experiencing a(n) _____ response to stress
emotional
If, during intercourse, a woman repeatedly stimulates her male partner to the point when he almost reaches orgasm and then stops, he is probably being treated for:
erectile dysfunction
Jacquie developed PTSD after being held in captivity for years. She is upset by what she had to do to survive and perhaps even feels unworthy of surviving. This is an example of
experiencing increased anger, anxiety, and guilt
A woman reports having vivid sexual fantasies, yet she is unable to experience either clitoral or labial swelling or vaginal lubrication. The MOST likely diagnosis for this woman would be:
female sexual interest/arousal disorder
The campus bra bandit steals women's underwear from the campus laundry and then masturbates into the underwear. The MOST accurate diagnosis would be:
fetishism
In the treatment of dissociative amnesia, sodium amobarbital and sodiumpentobarbital work by
freeing people from their inhibitions, thus allowing them to recall unpleasant events.
If someone felt assigned to the wrong sex and identified with the opposite gender,that person would MOST likely receive a diagnosis of:
gender dysphoria
Theories linking Alzheimer's disease to genetic factors make all of the following assumptions EXCEPT:
genes create plaques and tangles
Despite concerns regarding the use of methadone maintenance programs, those infavor of such programs commonly argue that they:
help reduce the spread of HIV and hepatitis C
The elderly have a _____ rate of psychotic symptoms compared with younger individuals, and the onset of schizophrenia is _____ among the elderly than among younger individuals.
higher; less common
A person who uses the drug Ecstasy at a crowded party begins to feel too hot and immediately drinks lots of fluids. This person is at risk for:
hyperthermia and possible water intoxication
The concordance rate for anorexia nervosa in identical twins is 70 percent. This means that:
if one identical twin has anorexia, there is a 70 percent chance that the other twinhas anorexia too
Female sexual interest/arousal disorder differs from male hypoactive sexual desire disorder MOST notably in that it:
includes difficulties in both the desire and arousal stages of the sexual responsecycle
Matt has an IQ of 65 and cannot do school work. He lives on the streets, survives by begging, is usually dirty, and is always hungry. He would MOST likely be diagnosed with
intellectual disability
If you were trying to learn a new language and you could understand it better than you could speak it, you would be showing symptoms MOST like:
language disorder.
A physician confronts Addison with evidence that her symptoms are factitious. It is MOST likely that Addison will:
leave the facility and immediately seek treatment from a different physician.
After a major earthquake, television coverage showed survivors shuffling confusedly through the ruined buildings. If such victims later could not remember the days immediately after the earthquake, the victims would be suffering from which type of amnesia?
localized
The research conducted by Mosconi and others to identify biomarkers that predict Alzheimer's disease is BEST classified as a(n)
longitudinal study
Which is NOT a risk for young people abusing cocaine?
macular degeneration
A young woman who is very concerned about being attractive to others, is more sexually experienced, and has relatively few obsessive qualities is
more likely to be experiencing bulimia than anorexia
Lisa Mosconi and her associates administered PET scans to research participants to measure activity in the hippocampus. They found that participants with low hippocampus activity were more likely to develop neurocognitive disorders later in life. How accurate were their predictions?
more than 70 percent accurate for mild neurocognitive impairment and more than 80 percent accurate for major neurocognitive impairment
Compared with people closer to age 55, people older than 85 are about _____ as likely to experience delirium
more than ten times
A person who abuses alcohol often drinks alone, blacks out occasionally, and falls a lot. These characteristics are:
more than twice as common in young alcohol abusers as they are in elderly alcoholabusers.
A person with Alzheimer's disease is taking a drug designed to affect acetylcholineand glutamate and may experience
mprovement both in short-term memory and in ability to cope under pressure
The MOST appropriate diagnosis for a man who is strong and fit but does not see himself that way and continues to push himself is:
muscle dysmorphia
Cal tends to fall asleep at the drop of a hat—while watching television, eating, and even driving. He would most likely be diagnosed with:
narcolepsy
An important concern about using methylphenidate to treat ADHD is that:
negative side effects are serious enough to discourage the use of methylphenidate among adolescents.
A person with Alzheimer's disease shows decreased brain activity in the diencephalon. This decreased activity should be related to:
no change in the function of short-term memory but problems in the conversion of short-term memories to long-term memories
Samuel, age 69, reports taking six prescription drugs, in addition to regularly taking two over-the-counter drugs. Among the elderly, Samuel is:
normal; the average elderly individual takes about this amount of drugs
A child will not obey her mother. When threatened with punishment, she swears,throws things, and threatens to break everything in the house. Her outbreaks seem to be restricted to her parents, but she is almost completely unmanageable. This is an example of:
oppositional defiant disorder
Research on evoked potential with people with dissociative identity disorder has revealed that
people with dissociative identity disorder do not show different brain-response patterns for sub personalities
As the percentage of the population who are 65 or older continues to rise, one would NOT expect the _____ to rise as well
percentage of people with substance use disorder
A child has autism spectrum disorder and does not like much variation in her life. She puts her toys on a shelf in a particular order and throws a tantrum if her mother moves any of them. Any one of several trivial changes in her daily routine can set her off. This is an example of:
perseveration of sameness
Cindy has recently been diagnosed with cancer. Her quality of life is now poor because her coping style is one of helplessness and she has problems expressing her feelings. This is related to:
personality style
Hormonal changes, life demands, and body dissatisfaction are all reasons to explain why:
postpubertal girls have higher rates of depression than postpubertal boys
Three chronic marijuana users—a light user, a moderate user, and a heavy user—stop using marijuana. Before quitting, all three experienced abnormal blood flow in their brains. Several weeks later, blood flow in their brains had MOST likely:
returned to nearly normal for the light and moderate users only but remained at abnormal levels for the heavy user
A woman is perfectly capable of masturbating to orgasm, yet she is unable to reach orgasm with a partner, either through sexual intercourse or through the partner's manual stimulation of her. MOST likely, this type of orgasmic disorder would be called:
situational
Most meth labs are relatively _____ operations in _____ areas
small; remote
If one found that the average weight and size of cheerleaders had declined significantly over the years, and that those who aspired to be cheerleaders had a high level of eating disorders, that would be evidence for a _____ cause of eating disorders
societal
The fact that insurance companies in the United States generally covered Viagra but not birth control pills until required to do so by state law supports the idea that:
society sets different standards for sexually active men than for women
If you looked in Leijla's medicine cabinet, you would find dozens of prescriptions and even more over-the-counter medications. Every time she sneezes, Leijla is sure she has the latest deadly flu, although no physician has ever found anything wrong with her. Leijla probably suffers from:
somatic symptom disorder
A patient with a heart condition complains of adhesions from his postoperative scar, leg cramps, and joint stiffness. He seems to be hurting all over, but no medical reason can be found to explain the symptoms. The BEST diagnosis for this disorder is:
somatic symptom disorder (somatization pattern)
The statement, "This is awful, but I guess I can deal with it like I do everything else," represents one person's
stress response
Which situation is MOST likely to lead to hospitalization for an Alzheimer's patient
the home caretaker being overwhelmed
In a person who has an unusually long resolution phase of the sexual response cycle, which of the following is MOST likely?
the person did not have an orgasm
If someone opposes the medical use of THC, that person MOST likely feels that way because
the physiological side effects substantially outweigh the known medical benefits
Why do some researchers believe mass psychogenic illnesses will increase and become more severe in the future?
the power of social media will increase
Psychological disorders among the elderly can be divided into two groups
the process of aging and disorders of cognition
Norepinephrine is to _____ as corticosteroid is to _____
the sympathetic pathway; the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway
A feeling of detachment from oneself could be diagnosed as PTSD or depersonalization disorder. To determine which diagnosis BEST fits, one would consider:
which symptoms predominated
The MOST realistic statement a person with anorexia would make following cognitive treatment is:
"I expect to feel fat because of my illness."
"I've been diagnosed with gambling disorder," a friend says. "Which kind of therapy works best?" Based on current research, your BEST response is:
"I'd suggest cognitive-behavioral therapies, biological therapies, and self-help groups."
A friend has done some heavy drinking and asks you what to do to "sober up" as quickly as possible. The response that is MOST appropriate is:
"Stop drinking"
What differentiates a person with gender dysphoria from a transgender person?
A person with gender dysphoria experiences extreme distress and impairment overhis or her gender incongruence
Which finding would argue AGAINST the idea that low sexual desire in women is caused by societal treatment of women
A sexually restrictive history is equally common among women with and without low sexual desire
In which case is someone MOST likely to develop an eating disorder?
If the person has an identical twin with anorexia nervosa
Which statement is TRUE regarding binge eating disorder?
Binge eating disorder is associated with being overweight or obese
What do phenylketonuria (PKU) and Tay-Sachs disease have in common?
Both are metabolic defects involving an amino acid
Transient depersonalization and derealization:
Can be induced by a life-threatening experience
Calorie-restrictive dieting has been cited as a common precursor to eating disorders. Which statement BEST supports this relationship?
Extended periods of calorie restriction can heighten a person's feelings about weight and food, including feelings of guilt or shame related to food and eating
A person admits that for the past few months, once or twice per week she has ended up consuming significant amounts of food and then vomiting afterward to prevent weight gain. Which other factor would have to be present to meet the diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa
Extreme concern with one's body shape and weight
Studies have reported that adolescent girls who spend increased time on Facebook are more likely to have a negative body image and display signs of eating disorders. Which aspect of Facebook MOST likely accounts for this association?
Facebook is an image-driven platform
Gio has always taken good care of his health and well-being. However, over the past month he has been feeling a lot of pressure at work. Gio finds himself scrambling tryingto meet a deadline that is fast approaching. Which change in his behavior may indirectly affect his immune system?
Gio is worried he may lose his job and won't have enough money to pay the bills
Which does NOT belong with the others?
Graduated dilators
Which is MOST likely to be said by an elderly person regarding long-term care?
I'm worried about losing my independence.
A patient in an alcohol rehabilitation center tells you a detailed story about growing up in the mountains of Tennessee. Later, you find out that the person had never even visited Tennessee. A day later you visit the patient again, and the patient does not recognize you. This patient is MOST likely suffering from:
Korsakoff's syndrome
Your friend has been restless all day and suddenly insists that the two of you go to the casino. You know your friend has been to the casino multiple times in the past two weeks and also has an important research paper he should be working on. However, he relentlessly pursues the idea of going to the casino. Does your friend qualify for the diagnosis of gambling disorder?
Maybe; your friend's behavior seems out of control, but his desire to have a friend go with him is contradictory.
Which statement about rape is MOST accurate?
Most rape victims are younger than age 35.
Charley brings her young daughter into the emergency room with internal bleeding. The attending physician later concludes that Charley caused the symptoms in her daughter intentionally, wanting to gain attention and praise for her devoted care of her sick child. If this assessment is correct, the appropriate diagnosis is:
Munchausen syndrome by proxy
"Depression and eating disorders are correlated." What does this statement mean?
People with eating disorders also tend to experience depression
Which example would you expect to negatively influence an adolescent girl's body image?
Photo manipulation of images making women look thinner than they are in real life
People who do not have anorexia and are placed on a starvation diet show many of the food preoccupations of people with anorexia nervosa. Which conclusions can be drawn from this finding?
Preoccupation with food is likely the result of starvation, rather than the underlying cause of anorexia
Which statement concerning psychological treatments for physical disorders is MOST accurate?
Psychological interventions are often most helpful when they are combined
Which of the following is the MOST accurate conclusion regarding the use of Viagra and related drugs to treat erectile disorders?
The drugs work approximately 75 percent of the time and are often given without first assessing what is causing the problem
Quent recently quit using heroin. He won't eat, has a high fever, and has been vomiting frequently. Quent is MOST likely how far along in the withdrawal process?
The first two to three days
Why are people who go to strip clubs generally NOT considered to be voyeurs?
The performers are consenting to being seen by the audience.
In 2017, the Calorie Control Council reported that the average Thanksgiving meal consists of more than 3,000 calories, yet this is not considered a binge eating episode. Why not?
The person did not experience a loss of control while eating or feel shame afterward
Why might someone with obsessive-compulsive disorder have low sexual desire?
The person finds contact with body fluids and odors unpleasan
Which incident presents the GREATEST risk that the person will develop post traumatic stress disorder?
Witnessing a friend die as a result of being shot point blank by another person
Which statement is MOST accurate about female orgasm
Women who are comfortable masturbating are more likely to experience orgasm
Having a background in medicine, but also a grudge against the profession, puts a person at risk for:
a factitious disorder
"No way am I sending my child through that program. I've heard horror stories about how kids act once they leave." Based on research, the person who said this would be accurate if expressing reservations about:
a juvenile training center
Just before 8 A.M. (when my first class meets), my young daughter did something that annoyed me as I was about to leave home for the short drive to campus. "Katie," I said, "what do I always say at a time like this?" She looked at the clock, and then said tome, "What you say is, 'Where are my keys?'" My daughter was apparently familiar with my:
absentmindedness
Compared with typical children, children with autism spectrum disorder are MOST likely to:
be socially aloof
Adrian recently graduated from college and has started a new job in his field of study. He has very long work hours and gets little sleep. He quit exercising and is not eating a balanced diet. If he develops a psychophysiological disorder, it will be because of:
behavioral changes
An individual has just been diagnosed with mild neurocognitive disorder. We know for sure that the person:
can still function independently
The first time the patient reported vague chest pains to a 911 operator, local EMTs responded with obvious attention and concern. Over the next several months, the patient called 911 more and more often, receiving the same concerned care for the same symptoms. This pattern of patient response is MOST easily explained by which theoretical perspective?
cognitive-behavioral
The typical pattern of Alzheimer's for the patient is
denial, anxiety, withdrawal, dependency
A 35-year-old woman hobbles into the office of a physician complaining of a debilitating illness that has robbed her of the use of her left leg and right arm. The physician finds no physical basis for her symptoms. The patient appears totally unaware that the cause of her symptoms may be psychological. The appropriate diagnosis in this case is
conversion disorder
Which of these approaches to treating Alzheimer's disease is comparable to an approach used to treat schizophrenia?
day-care
Melanie has been out with friends and has been using drugs. Despite being obviously uncoordinated and under the influence, she wants to drive her car. Her condition is an example of
intoxication
The drug that, when misused, would MOST quickly result in dependence or addiction would be:
opium
A man awakens after eight hours of normal sleep and has an unbroken snap gaugeband. There is a good chance that the man has a
physical basis for his erectile problems
Will recently recovered from having ulcers. He had care from family and friends and,as a result, recovered faster than expected. This may be due to:
social support
If Dr. Henson is looking for a biological cause of an erectile disorder, she would MOST productively look for a
vascular problem
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is to _____, as Huntington's disease is to _____
viral cause; genetic cause
