Exam One Promotions

chlomasa

"mask of pregnancy" brownish dry skin on cheeks that fades after deilvery

chlamydia

*most prevalent STD in the US* few symptoms TX: doxycycline or azithromycin notify sexual partners may cause STERILITY *treatable/curable*

diaphragm

12% failure rate can be inserted several hours before sex provides SOME protection from STDS can remain in place for 24 hours disadvantages: initially expensive, requires fitting, education on proper use, *difficult to remove/insert*, added spermicide necessary for repeat sex, toxic shock syndrome or bladder infection must remain in place for 6 hours after sex

genital warts (human papillomavirus)

130 different types and 35 types can cause cancer 1/2 of sexually active women will develop this TX: topical gels, cryotherapy, laser Prevention: HPV vaccine by age 11 male and female *NOT curable*

natural family planning

24% failure rate inexpensive, no drugs/hormones, help woman learn about their body, can be combined w/ barrier methods, acceptable to most religions, may be used to help achieve pregnancy CONS: no protection against STDs, requires high level of motivation and extensive education, requires abstinence for large part of each cycle, high risk of pregnancy from error, many factors may change ovulation time

embryonic period

3rd-8th week after conception heart beat begins days 21-22 baby most susceptible to things you ingest, chemicals, mom gets sick, etc

hormone injections (depo-provera)

6% failure rate avoid need for daily use, may cause amenorrhea w/ continued use, requires use only ever 12 week (3 months) disadvantage: must remember to repeat ever 12 weeks, temporary decrease in bone density, long term effects unknown

fertile period surrounding ovulation lasts from when to when?

72 hours before to 24 hours after ovulation ovum fertile: 12-24 hr sperm motile: for about 72 hours

vaginal ring

9% failure rate in place for 3 weeks at a time, no fitting required disadvantage: must remember when to remove and when to insert, s/e include expulsion, vaginal discomfort or discharge and others similar to OCs

oral contraceptives

9% failure rate taken daily at or near same time

A nurse educator is presenting information about the nursing process to a class of nursing students. What definition of the nursing process should be included in the presentation?

Sequence of steps used to meet the client's needs

natural family planning

basal body temperature, symptothermal (body temp and mucus assessment) not fertile = dry, thick, tacky begin fertile = cloudy color, start stretchy fertile = egg white texture, clear and stretchy

Chadwick sign

bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia resulting from increased blood flow. It can be observed as early as 6 to 8 weeks after conception, and its presence is an early sign of pregnancy

PE pre-eclampsia

can be FATAL; only cure is delivery of baby if not treated quickly, can lead to serious complications for mother such as liver or renal failure and future CV issues

what changes does the nurse explain result from the melanocyte-stimulating hormone?

chloasma (brown dry patches) linea nigra (pregnancy line)

a client asks the nurse about the use of an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception. which information should the nurse include in the response?

expulsion of the device occasional dyspareunia (pain w/ sexual intercourse) risk for perforation of the uterus

biophysical profile

fetal movement, fetal tone, fetal breathing movement, amniotic fluid volume, non-stress test *either score a 2 or 0 8-10 normal 4-6 possible issues <4 need for delivery

which vaccine provides protection from precancerous lesions and cancers of the vulva, cervix and vagina in young girls and women?

gardasil *HPV vaccine*

a nurse is assessing a client at 16 weeks gestation. where does the nurse expect the fundal height to be located?

half the distance to the umbilicus

HELLP syndrome

hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count a serious complication of high blood pressure during pregnancy Many women are diagnosed with preeclampsia beforehand Symptoms: include nausea, headache, belly pain, and swelling Tx: usually requires delivery of the baby, even if the baby is premature

PE pre-eclampsia signs

high b/p, protein in urine, blurry vision, epigastric pain, headache, and swelling

the RN is teaching a nursing student about how to educate clients based on their developmental capacity. which statements made by the nursing student are applicable for older adults?

i should keep the teaching sessions short i should involve the client in any discussion or activity

a client who wishes to postpone having children until she and her husband are financially secure tells the nurse she has been taking oral contraceptive pills for several years. what finding indicates a potential risk in regard to continued use of birth control pills?

increased blood pressure

explain how an intrauterine device (IUD) prevents pregnancy

it produces a spermicidal intrauterine environment

emergency contraceptive

must be taken within 120 hours of unprotected sex may cause nausea

what features distinguish nursing diagnoses from medical diagnoses?

nursing diagnoses involve the client when possible nursing diagnoses involve the sorting of health problems within the nursing domain nursing diagnoses involve clinical judgment about the client's response to health problems.

syphilis

painless ulcer then generalized rash, latent stage can have cardiac and CNS dysfunction TX: single dose penicillin *TREATABLE/CURABLE*

PTL

preterm labor that happens before 37 weeks of pregnancy

pt is going to use a diaphragm with spermicide. what disadvantage should be emphasized to client?

some women find its insertion and removal inconvenient

a nonstress test is scheduled for a client with mild preeclampsia. during the test, the client asks the nurse what it means when the fetal heart rate goes up every time the fetus moves. how should the nurse respond?

these accelerations are a sign of fetal well-being

a 42-year-old client at 39 weeks gestation has a reactive nonstress test (NST). what should the nurse explain to the client about the positive result?

this is the desired response at this stage of gestation

the nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about the calendar method of contraception. which statement made by them indicates effective learning?

this type of contraception requires a regular menstrual cycle

the nurse is interpreting the results of a nonstress test (NST) on a client at 41 weeks gestation. which result after 20 min is suggestive of fetal reactivity?

two accelerations of 15 beats/min lasting 15 seconds

which principles are appropriate for promoting older adult learning?

use past experiences while teaching keep environmental distractions to a minimum use audio, visual, and tactile cues to enhance learning

hormone implant

0.05% failure rate provides 3 year protection safe during lactation low long term cost disadvantage: minor surgical procedure to insert and remove, major s/e is irregular bleeding

physiologic changes may occur during first trimester of pregnancy?

fatigue morning sickness breast enlargement

hegar's sign

feeling for softening of the cervix; sign of pregnancy feel inside of vagina and outside of abdomen

gonorrhea

females: purulent vaginal d/c can lead to PID males: urethritis, green yellow d/c w/ painful urination tx: antibiotic recommend ceftriaxone notify sexual contacts *TREATABLE/CURABLE*

when teaching a client about using a diaphragm as a form of contraception, what instructions should the nurse provide about the diaphragm?

it should remain in place for at least 6 hours after intercourse

genital herpes

lesion in genital area with pain and tenderness if pregnant do NOT want infant exposed at delivery (causes permanent brain damage or death) acyclovir can diminish symptoms *NOT CURABLE b/c VIRAL*

a client expresses a desire to postpone her first pregnancy for at least 5 years. she smokes 1.5 packs of cigarettes a day, has never been pregnant, and does not want to use a barrier method. which method does the nurse anticipate the provider will recommend?

medroxyprogesterone it is a long-acting progestin-only contraceptive that is less likely to cause CV problems in women who smoke than contraceptives containing estrogen might

Biophysical profile

prenatal test used to check on a baby's well-being. The test combines fetal heart rate monitoring (nonstress test) and fetal ultrasound to evaluate a baby's heart rate, breathing, movements, muscle tone and amniotic fluid level

what instructions should the nurse give to an adolscent to prevent sexually transmitted infections?

remember to use condoms properly make sure you are up-to-date with you vaccinations have sexual contact only if you and your partner are monogamous

SGA and LGA

small for gestational age large for gestational age

a woman who is admitted to the labor suite has herpes simplex virus type 2 with active lesions in the perineal area. what should the nurse's plan of care include?

withholding oral fluid intake *part of prep for a c-section*