Exam study guide for Mrs. Thomas

Anne Hutchinson

"After being banished from my colony, I helped found the new town of Portsmouth."

capitalist

"Due to the wheat boom, I had money to invest in new business."

John Locke

"I believe all people are born with the right to life, liberty, and poverty.

mercantilist

"I believed that to become wealthy and powerful, our country needed to accumulate gold and silver."

James Oglethorpe

"I founded Georgia so poor English debtors could have a place to start over."

Lord Baltimore

"I founded the colony of Maryland so Catholics could freely practice their religion."

Thomas Hooker

"I helped found the town of Hartford after moving my congregation there."

John Smith

"I helped my fellow settlers survive in Jamestown by trading with local Native Americans."

Walter Raleigh

"I named Virginia in honor of queen Elizabeth-the 'Virgin Queen'."

Southern gentry

"I owned a large plantation and had great economic and political influence."

John Winthrop

"I wanted to turn my business investment into a refuge for Puritans in America."

Jonathan Edwards

"I was preaching during the height of the Great Awakening."

Duke of York

"My brother granted me the land that was eventually named New York in honor in my honor."

William Penn

"My colony was to be a refuge for the persecuted of all nations - a 'holy experiment'."

skilled artisan

"People like me-silversmiths, bakers-made up nearly half of the urban population."

enslaved Africans

"The ship I traveled in to America was so crowded that we could hardly sit or stand."

separatists

A Puritan who broke away from the Anglican church

Pilgrim

A Separatists who came to the American colonies

proprietor colony

A colony owned by an individual

The value of exports is greater than the value of imports

According to the theory of Mercantilism, a country has a favorable balance of trade when

cash crop

An agricultural product grown primarily for profit

a desire for self-government

As a result of England's policy of "salutary neglect," the colonist develoved

English

By 1763, which group of Europeans claimed most of eastern North America?

enclosure movement

Conversion of agricultural estates into sheep farms

both the British and the French

During the French and Indian War, Native Americans fought on the side of

subsistence farming

Growing only enough food to feed one's family

French

In 1682, which of group Europeans claimed the largest part of the present-day United States?

The availability of indentured servants from Europe

In the late 1600's the number of enslaved Africans in the South increased dramatically, in part due to a decline in

Enlightenment

Movement that promoted science, knowledge and reason

indentured servant

One who contracted to work for a certain number of years

joint-stock company

Organization that pooled funds to support large projects

debtor

Person who owes money

privateer

Ship licensed by the government to attach other ships

puritan

Someone who wanted to purify the Anglican Church

Africans from Africa to the West Indies and North America

The "middle passage" refers to the part of the transatlantic trade network that carried

Abandon their Puritan and Anglican congregations

The Great Awakening caused some colonists to

Reduce colonial smuggling

The Sugar Act was an effort by the British Parliament to

reason

The enlightenment was a movement that emphasized the value of

restrict colonial trade

The purpse of the Negotiation Acts was to

triangle trade

Three-way exchange of goods

French

Which European group, by 1763, had lost nearly all of its holdings in North America?

stop settlement west of the Appalachians

With the Proclamation of 1763, the British government attempted to

heretic

a dissenter from established church beliefs

slave code

a set of laws that formally regulated slavery

revival

large public meeting for preaching and prayer

Great Awakening

movement during the 1700s that stressed dependence on God

entrepreneur

one who organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business

pacifism

opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes

capitalist

person who invests wealth, particularly money, in a business

burgesses

representatives to the general assembly of the Virginia colony

headright

system in which settlers were granted land for settling in Virginia

mercantilism

the theory that a state's power depended on its wealth