exercise 6 - classification of tissues *CONNECTIVE TISSUE*

Description: Hard, calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in lacunae. Very well vascularized. Function: Bone supports and protects(by enclosing); provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other minerals and fat; marrow inside bones is the site for blood cell formation (hematopoiesis).

Bones (osseous tissue)

this type of connective tissue is located in the bones

Bones (osseous tissue)

Description: Matrix similar to but less firm than matrix in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate. Function: Tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock.

Cartilage: fibrocartilage

this type of connective tissue can be found in intervertebral discs; pubic symphysis; discs of knee joint.

Cartilage: fibrocartilage

Description: Amorphous but firm matrix; collagen fibers form an imperceptible network; chondroblasts produce the matrix and, when mature (chondrocytes), lie in lacunae. Function: Supports and reinforces; serves as resilient cushion; resists compressive stress

Cartilage: hyaline

Description: Primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers; some elastic fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast. Function: Able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength.

Connective tissue proper: dense irregular connective tissue

this type of connective tissue is located within fibrous capsules of organs and of joints; dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract.

Connective tissue proper: dense irregular connective tissue

Description: Primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastic fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast. Function: Attaches muscles to bones or to other muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction.

Connective tissue proper: dense regular connective tissue

this type of connective tissue can be located in tendons, most ligaments, and aponeuroses

Connective tissue proper: dense regular connective tissue

Description: Dense regular connective tissue containing a high proportion of elastic fibers. Function: Allows recoil of tissue following stretching; maintains pulsatile flow of blood through arteries; aids passive recoil of lungs following inspiration.

Connective tissue proper: elastic connective tissue

this type of connective tissue can be found within walls of large arteries; within certain ligaments associated with the vertebral column; within the walls of the bronchial tubes.

Connective tissue proper: elastic connective tissue

Description: Matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes, or fat cells, have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet. Function: Provides reserve fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs.

Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose

this type of connective tissue can be found under skin, around kidneys, and eyeballs, within abdomen, and in breasts

Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose

Description: Gel-like matrix with all three fiber types; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and some white blood cells. Function: Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid.

Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, areolar

this type of connective tissue can be found widely distributed under epithelia of body, forms lamina propria of mucous membranes; packages organs, surrounds capillaries

Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, areolar

Description: Network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance; reticular cells lie on the network. Function: Fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types, including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages.

Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, reticular

this type of connective tissue can be located in lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen)

Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, reticular

Description: Embryonic connective tissue; gel-like ground substance containing fibers; star-shaped mesenchymal cells. Function: Gives rise to all other connective tissue types.

Embryonic connective tissue: mesenchyme

this type of connective tissue can be located primarily in embryo.

Embryonic connective tissue: mesenchyme

provides insulation for the body tissues and a source of stored energy

adipose

a soft packaging material that cushions and protects body organs

areolar connective tissue

Description: Red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma). Function: Transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances.

blood

this type of connective tissue is located within blood vessels

blood

the bones are composed of connective tissue _______ and they protect and support other body tissues and organs

bone or osseous tissue

Description: Similar to hyaline cartilage, but more elastic fibers in matrix. Function: Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility.

cartilage : elastic

this type of connective tissue can be found supporting the external ear (auricle); epiglottis.

cartilage : elastic

this type of connective tissue is located within Forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities; forms costal cartilages of the ribs; cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx.

cartilage: hyaline

- common origin - degrees of vascularity - extracellular matrix

characteristics of connective tissue

______ is found in all parts of the body as discrete structures or as part of various body organs. It is the most abundant and widely distributed of the tissue types

connective tissue

the four main types of adult connective tissues which are

connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, and blood

primarily protect, support, insulate, and bind together to other tissues of the body

connective tissues

the ligaments and tendons ___________ binds the bones together or connect skeletal muscles to bones

dense regular connective tissue

There is a great deal of noncellular, nonliving material (matrix) between the cells of connec- tive tissue. The composition and amount of matrix vary for connective tissues.

extracellular matrix

fibers and reticular

fine collagen

is composed chiefly of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans.

ground substance

When the matrix is firm, as in cartilage and bone, the connective tissue cells reside in cavities in the matrix called

lacunae

connective tissue has two proper subclasses which are

loose connective tissues and dense connective tissues

Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, reticular

this is the _____ type of connective tissue

Cartilage: fibrocartilage

this is the _______ type of connective tissue

cartilage : elastic

this is the _______ type of connective tissue

connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, areolar

this is the _______ type of connective tissue

embryonic connective tissue: mesenchyme

this is the _______ type of connective tissue

Bones (osseous tissue)

this is the _________ type of connective tissue

Connective tissue proper: dense irregular connective tissue

this is the ___________ type of connective tissue

Connective tissue proper: elastic connective tissue

this is the ___________ type of connective tissue

Connective tissue proper: loose connective tissue, adipose

this type of connective tissue is _______

Connective tissue proper: dense regular connective tissue

this type of connective tissue is ________

cartilage: hyaline

this type of connective tissue is ____________

blood

this type of connective tissue is the _______

dense regular, dense irregular, elastic

three types of dense connective tissue

areolar, adipose, reticular

three types of loose connective tissue

fibers, elastic

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