Exploring America - Exam, Units 1-5

In what year did the Constitutional Convention meet?

1787

What was the Boston Tea Party?

A protest against lower tea prices

What was the first governing document for the United States?

Articles of Confederation

What civilization developed in Mexico around 1300?

Aztec

What phrase describes how each branch of government limits the powers of the other branches?

Checks and Balances

What is the term that describes the President's role with the military?

Commander in Chief

George Santayana said that people who cannot remember the past are what?

Condemned to repeat it

Which branch of the Federal government did the Founders expect to dominate the government?

Congress

What British general surrendered to Washington at Yorktown, Virginia?

Cornwallis

Who led the conquest of the Aztecs in Mexico?

Cortes

Who led thousands of settlers through the Cumberland Gap?

Daniel Boone

What was the most common occupation among English colonists?

Farming

What is the length of the President's term?

Four years

What colonial officer tried to push the French out of Fort Duquesne?

George Washington

Who was the chairman of the Constitutional Convention?

George Washington

Who won the French and Indian War?

Great Britain

What English king broke with Rome and established the Church of England because he wanted to obtain a divorce?

Henry VIII

What issue did the Three-Fifths Compromise address?

How slaves were to be counted for taxation and to determine representation in Congress

What issue did the Great Compromise settle?

How the states would be represented in Congress

Who was the most prominent and active delegate at the Constitutional Convention?

James Madison

What was the first permanent English settlement in North America, and when was it founded?

Jamestown, 1607

Who sailed to Newfoundland for England in 1497?

John Cabot

What European explorer is thought to have landed on the eastern coast of North America before Columbus?

Leif Ericson

Whose crew sailed around the world?

Magellan

Who wrote and posted 95 Theses questioning Catholic practices?

Martin Luther

What colony was begun as a haven for English Catholics?

Maryland

What document speaks of forming a "civil body politic"?

Mayflower Compact

What fraction of the Senate is elected every two years?

One-third

Who gave the speech that included, "Give me liberty, or give me death"?

Patrick Henry

What group founded Massachusetts Bay?

Puritans

What was the first attempt by the English to establish a colony in North America?

Roanoke

Who founded the colony of Rhode Island?

Roger Williams

What group founded Plymouth?

Separatists (or Pilgrims)

What is the length of a Senator's term?

Six years

What European country was dominant in the western hemisphere until about 1600?

Spain

What was the first permanent European settlement in what would become the United States?

St. Augustine

Which amendment guarantees freedom of religion and freedom of speech?

The 1st Amendment

What are the first ten amendments to the Constitution called?

The Bill of Rights

What is the name given to the confrontation between Boston citizens and British soldiers on March 5, 1770?

The Boston Massacre

What introduced the geography, cultures, and riches of the East to Europeans?

The Crusades

What philosophical movement emphasized natural law and de-emphasized the role of God in the world?

The Enlightenment

What is the title given to the collection of essays published to encourage ratification of the Constitution?

The Federalist

What religious group is associated with the founding of Pennsylvania?

The Quakers (or the Society of Friends)

What is the name given to the period of intellectual inquiry, exploration, and artistic expression in Europe following the Middle Ages?

The Renaissance

What was the most powerful agent for control in medieval Europe?

The Roman Catholic Church

What did the English defeat in 1588 that increased English power in the world?

The Spanish Armada

Who is the President of the Senate?

The Vice President of the United States

What is the divine right of kings?

The idea that kings are placed on their thrones by God and therefore cannot be questioned

What right is guaranteed by the 2nd Amendment?

The right to keep and bear arms

What fraction of the states must approve a proposed amendment for it to be ratified?

Three-fourths

What is the length of a term for a member of the House of Representatives?

Two years

What is the term for the President refusing to sign a bill and sending it back to Congress?

Veto