Extrication and MCI
Level ___ hazardous materials would cause irritation on contact but only mild residual injury, even without treatment
1
In preparing for a disaster, EMS systems should have enough supplies for at least a ____ period of self-sufficiency
72-hour
The JumpSTART triage system is intended to be used for children younger than _____ years or who appear to weigh less than _____.
8, 100 lb
The use of special tools to remove an entrapped patient from a vehicle is known as _________.
A. complex access
The rescue team is in the process of extricating a 40-year-old male from his truck. The patient's wife, who was uninjured in the crash, is calmly observing the extrication and asks you if her husband will be all right. You should:
A. ensure that she is in a safe area, away from the scene.
The EMT's responsibility during search-and-rescue operations is to _________.
A. wait at the staging area until the patient is located
_____________ is defined as the ability to reach the patient.
Access
You arrive at an accident scene to find an alternative-fuel vehicle leaking an unknown substance. You should immediately _________.
B. call for additional resources and keep bystanders away from the vehicle
If a technical rescue team is required at the scene, but is not present when you arrive, you should:
B. check with the incident commander to ensure that the team is en route.
You are standing by at the scene of a hostage situation when the incident commander advises you that one of his personnel has been shot. The patient is lying supine in an open area and is not moving. As the SWAT team escorts you to the patient, you should:
B. grab him by the clothes and immediately move him to safety.
Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you can see three patients, one who is entrapped in his car and two who have been ejected from their vehicle. You should:
B. immediately request additional resources.
Once entrance and access to the patient have been provided, you should:
B. perform a primary assessment.
Upon arrival at a search-and-rescue incident, the EMS crew should _________.
B. prepare the equipment to carry to the patient
Extrication is defined as:
B. removal from a dangerous situation or position.
When functioning at the scene of a motor vehicle crash in which a patient will require complex extrication, you should enter the vehicle and provide care to the patient:
C. after receiving approval from the incident commander.
Upon arrival at a trench rescue operation, you should _________.
C. park at least 500 feet from the incident
When removing a critically injured patient from his or her vehicle, you should:
C. protect the cervical spine during the entire process.
Returning the emergency unit to service is part of the _________.
C. termination phase
You are attempting to gain access to a patient who was injured when his truck struck another vehicle from behind. The patient is conscious and alert, but is screaming in pain. You try to open the door, but it is locked. You should:
D. ask the patient if he can unlock the door.
While staged at the scene of a structure fire, the EMT should _________.
D. remain with the ambulance
What should be done for any type of alternative-fuel vehicle that is involved in an accident?
Disconnect the battery.
Which of the following is the BEST example of gaining simple access to a patient?
Entering a vehicle through an open window
You are approaching an overturned tanker truck to assess the driver, who appears to be unconscious. As you get closer to the vehicle, you note the smell of noxious fumes and find that you are in the midst of a vapor cloud. What should you do?
Exit the area immediately and gather information for the HazMat team.
Which of the following statements regarding communications at a disaster or mass-casualty incident is correct?
If possible, use face-to-face communications to minimize radio traffic
Who has overall command of an emergency incident?
Incident commander
Your work uniform is an example of what level of protection?
Level D protection
Which of the following is the most important in protecting EMS providers during an extrication operation?
The scene size-up
Which of the following statements regarding the unified command system is correct?
Under the unified command system, plans are drawn up in advance by all cooperating agencies that assume a shared responsibility for decision making.
When a rehabilitation area is established at the scene of a mass casualty incident, it should:
be in a location that prevents visualization of the scene itself
At what point should you begin your primary assessment of a patient who has been entrapped?
before extrication begins
Rescuers have brought you a patient rescued from a structural collapse. You should immediately _________.
begin a rapid assessment
Following proper decontamination, a 30 year old male is brought to you. He is semiconscious and has rapid, shallow respirations. A quick visual assessment reveals no obvious bleeding. You should:
begin some form of positive-pressure ventilation
You have tried to gain simple access to a crashed vehicle but the doors are all jammed. What is your next step?
break the window farthest away from the patient
A 49-year-old man has been removed from his overturned tanker, which was carrying a hazardous material. The tank ruptured and he was exposed to the material. When rescue personnel bring him to the decontamination area, they note that he is unconscious and has slow, shallow breathing. They should:
cut away all of the patient's clothing and do a rapid rinse to remove as much of the contaminating matter as they can.
Tactical EMS providers are specially trained to function during _________.
dangerous law enforcement operations
Which of the following activities occurs in the warm zone?
decontamination
Which of the following is NOT a role of the EMT at the scene of a HazMat incident?
decontamination
During a motor vehicle collision involving multiple patients, the IC would MOST likely:
designate a safety officer, but retain other command functions.
A 19-year-old female has just been extricated from her severely damaged car. She is on a long backboard and has been moved to a place of safety. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of her head, you perform a rapid assessment. The patient is unresponsive, has slow and shallow respirations, and has bilaterally closed femur deformities. You should:
direct your partner to begin ventilatory assistance.
To evaluate the scene for hazards and identify the number of patients, the EMT should first _________.
do a 360-degree walk-around
As the first-arriving senior EMT at the scene of an incident, you should perform a scene size-up and then:
establish command
Which of the following duties or responsibilities does NOT fall within the realm of the medical branch of the ICS?
extrication
injuries or conditions that would be classified as first priority (red tag: immediate) include all of the following, EXCEPT:
fractures of multiple long bones
The term used when individual units or different organizations make independent and often inefficient decisions regarding an incident is called:
freelancing
Which of the following statements regarding transport of patients from a mass-casualty incident or disaster site is correct?
immediate-priority patients should transported two at a time
According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient is not breathing, you should:
immediately check for a pulse.
A 33-year-old restrained driver of a motor vehicle crash is awake and alert, complaining only of neck pain and left leg pain. The vehicle is stable and no hazards are present. When removing this patient from his vehicle, you should:
immobilize him with a vest-style device.
A hiker was injured when he fell approximately 20 feet from a cliff. When you arrive at the scene, a member of the technical rescue group escorts you to the patient, who is positioned on a steep incline. The MOST appropriate method of immobilizing and moving the patient to the ambulance is to:
immobilize his spine with a long backboard and place him in a basket stretcher.
In contrast to simple access, complex access:
involves forcible entry into a vehicle.
In order to accomplish the goal of primary triage, it is important to:
keep the triage assessment brief and the patient categories basic.
A 50-year-old female is entrapped in her passenger car after it struck a tree. As the rescue team is preparing to extricate her, you quickly assess her and determine that she is breathing shallowly and that her radial pulse is absent. You should:
maintain spinal stabilization as she is extricated.
General principles for approaching a potential HazMat incident include:
maintaining a safe distance and viewing the scene with binoculars.
The FIRST step in the START triage system is to:
move all walking patients to a designated area
As a triage supervisor, you:
must not begin treatment until all patients have been triaged.
Upon arrival at an active law enforcement incident, the EMT should _________.
notify the incident commander
In an instance of multiple casualties, how should patient care be initiated?
only after all have been triaged
which of the following is an example of simple access
opening a rear door
At a very large incident, the _____ section is responsible for managing the tactical operations usually handled by the IC on routine EMS calls
operations
The EMT's primary responsibility during a rescue or extrication situation is _________.
patient care
The function of the National Incident Management System (NIMS) is to:
prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents
Which of the following is not a responsibility of the treatment supervisor?
primary assessment
If an incident increases in scope and complexity, the IC should consider:
relinquishing command to someone with more experience.
You have a critically injured patient in the back of your ambulance, ready to be transported. There are other injured patients at the scene and it will be approximately 10 minutes before other ambulances will arrive. Law enforcement personnel are at the scene. You should:
remain at the scene until at least one other ambulance arrives
At a scene with downed electrical lines, the EMT should _________.
remain outside the danger (hot) zone
You and your partner are standing by at the scene of a residential fire when you hear the incident commander state, "We have located a victim" over the radio. You should:
remain with the ambulance and wait for fire personnel to bring the victim to you.
Disentanglement involves:
removing a patient from a dangerous position.
A Level 4 hazardous material:
requires specialized gear designed for protection against that particular hazard
When victims involved in a mass-casualty incident are moved to the treatment area
secondary triage is performed and the appropriate treatment is rendered
You are assessing a female patient as the extrication team gets ready to roll up the dashboard to remove her. The patient has multiple fractures in her left arm. What should you do?
secure the injury against her body
According to the JumpSTART triage system, infants or children not developed enough to walk or follow commands, including children with special needs:
should be taken to the treatment area for immediate secondary triage.
Which of your senses can be safely used to identify a HazMat incident?
sight and sound
The ____ area is where incoming ambulances meet and await further instructions at the scene of a mass casualty incident
staging
A critical function of the safety officer is to:
stop an emergency operation whenever a rescuer is in danger.
As you and your team are removing an unresponsive patient from her wrecked car, you note that she has closed deformities to both of her legs and a deformity to her left humerus. You should:
support the injured extremities and continue removal.
You are triaging patients at the scene of a multiple vehicle crash when you encounter a young male who is unresponsive and is not breathing. After you open his airway, he begins to breathe at a rapid rate. According to the START triage system, you should:
tag him as immediate (red), place him in the recovery position, and move to the next patient.
After recognizing that an incident involves a hazardous material, you should contact the hazardous materials team and then:
take measures to ensure the safety of yourself and others.
The reference used as a base for your initial actions at a HazMat incident is/are:
the Emergency Response Guidebook.
A unique consideration when dealing with a hybrid vehicle is that:
the battery has higher voltage than a traditional vehicle battery.
After primary triage, the triage supervisor should communicate all of the following info to the medical branch officer, EXCEPT
the recommended transport destination for each patient
The _______ supervisor is responsible for notifying area hospitals and determining their availability and capabilities.
transportation
The reasons for rescue failure can be referred to by the mnemonic FAILURE. In this mnemonic the "U" stands for:
underestimating the logistics of the incident.
According to the START triage system, which of the following patients should be triaged as an immediate priority (red tag)?
unresponsive with a respiratory rate of 34 breaths/min
Where should you park the ambulance when responding to a vehicle crash involving a hazardous material spill?
uphill and upwind
Which of the following is probably NOT a mass-casualty incident?
a motor vehicle crash with two critically injured patients and two ambulances
During which phase of extrication should you don proper protective gear (PPE)?
upon arrival
A patient who has experienced a back injury, with or without spinal cord damage, would be triaged with a ___________ tag during a mass-casualty incident
yellow
Burn patients without airway compromise and patients with multiple bone or joint injuries should be marked with a ______ triage at a mass-casualty incident
yellow
Interoperability, an important feature of the NIMS, refers to the ability of:
agencies of different types or from different jurisdictions to communicate with each other.
Which of the following MOST accurately describes a mass casualty incident?
an incident that greatly taxes or depletes a system's available resources
Your unit has been dispatched to stand by at the scene of a structure fire. There are no injuries of which you are aware. Upon arriving at the scene, you should:
ask the incident commander where the ambulance should be staged.
As an EMT, what is your main role at the scene of an accident involving extrication of the patient?
asses and provide immediate care
According to the JumpSTART triage system, if a pediatric patient has a respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min, you should:
assess for a distal pulse.
You and your partner arrive at the scene where a truck has crashed into a small building, injuring eight people. You immediately request additional ambulances and begin the triage process. The first patient that you triage is a young female who is unconscious and apneic. She has an open head injury and her pulse is weak and thready. You should:
assign her a low priority and continue triaging.
While triaging patients at the scene of a building collapse, you encounter a young child who is conscious, alert , and breathing; his bilateral radial pulses; and has points to his severely angulated leg, which is not bleeding. According to the JumpSTART triage system, you should:
assign him a delayed (yellow) category and continue triaging the other patients
Trench collapses usually involve large areas of falling dirt that weigh approximately _______ per cubic foot.
100 lb
When working around undeployed air bags after a vehicle crash, you should maintain at least a ________ clearance between yourself and the passenger-side airbag.
20 inch
Common duties and responsibilities of EMS personnel at the scene of a motor vehicle crash include all of the following, EXCEPT:
keeping bystanders at a safe distance.