Family Violence and Related Assaultive Offenses Part One

Obsession with victim: This is when we hear what?

"If I can't have them no one will"

Domestic violence costs more than _____ a year in law enforcement involvement, legal work, medical and mental health treatment, and lost productivity.

$37 billion

Theories on causes of FV abuse: _____ ______ stereotypes clearly defined roles for boys and girls.

Sex roles

Theories on causes of FV abuse: Cultural- ____, _____, ____, etc.

Society, media, role models

Surveillance: What are some surveillance methods?

Stalking behavior Reading of the victim's mail Listening in on their phone calls Smart phone app

Cycle of violence: what are the three phases?

Tension, Explosion, and Honeymoon

-Preventing her from getting or keeping a job. -Making her ask for money. -Giving her an allowance. -Taking her money. -Not letting her know about or have access to family income. These all describe what power & control behavior/category?

Economic abuse

-Putting her down. -Making her feel bad about herself. -Calling her names. -Making her think she's crazy. -Playing mind games. -Humiliating her. -Making her feel guilty. These all describe what power & control behavior/category?

Emotional abuse

Texas currently refers to most of the offenses within Domestic Violence as _____ ______.

Family Violence

-Making her afraid by using looks, actions, and gestures. -Smashing things. -Destroying her property. -Abusing pets. -Displaying weapons. These all describe what power & control behavior/category?

Intimidation

-Controlling what she does, who she sees and talks to, what she reads, and where she goes. -Limiting her outside involvement. -Using jealousy to justify actions. These all describe what power & control behavior/category?

Isolation

On average, more than ____ women are murdered by their husbands or boyfriends in this country every ____.

Three; day

-Controlling every aspect of yours partners life. -Limiting the partner's involvement with life outside the relationship. -Demanding the partner remain at home alone and not go out without the partner. -Cutting the partner off from prior friends, family, activities, and social interaction. -Have limited access to money, credit cards, or transportation. -Restricted from the use of phone or social media.

Unhealthy Relationships: Using isolation

-Making her feel guilty about the children. -Using the children to relay messages. -Using visitation to harass her. -Threatening to take the children away. These all describe what power & control behavior/category?

Using children

Victims of family violence come from

all walks of life, varying age groups, occupations, backgrounds, education levels, economics, cultures, ethnicities, religions, and lifestyles.

In 2009, 1081 women were killed by

an intimate partner.

Unhealthy relationships may include: Using intimidation:

Making the partner feel afraid by actions, gestures, and other behaviors. Destroying or confiscating your partner's property. Making physical threats.

-Treating her like a servant. -Making all the big decisions. -Acting like the "master of the castle". -Being the one to define men's and women's roles. These all describe what power & control behavior/category?

Male privilege

-Making light of the abuse and not taking her concerns about it seriously. -Saying the abuse didn't happen. -Shifting responsibility for abusive behavior. -Saying she caused it. These all describe what power & control behavior/category?

Minimizing, denying, and blaming

Do cousins fit into the definition of family member when talking about family violence?

No

When is National Domestic Violence Awareness Month?

October

Victims of family violence have reported that the Cycle of Violence does not accurately describe their experiences but that the Power and Control Wheel does.

Power and Control Wheel

Victims of family violence have reported that the Cycle of Violence does not accurately describe their experiences but that the _____ ____ _____ ______ does.

Power and Control Wheel

Unhealthy relationships may include: Using emotional abuse

Putting the partner down and calling them names. Making the partner feel bad about him or herself on purpose. Interrogating, harassing, or intimidating your partner. Humiliating the partner, whether through direct attacks or harmful "jokes"

Characteristics of a healthy relationship may include non-threatening behavior such as:

Respect Talking and acting so that your partner feels safe and comfortable Listening to your partner Being emotionally affirming and understanding Valuing each other's opinions Trust and Support

Learned behavior- it is learned from where?

childhood school peers sports the media

Society says it's okay- for too long society has _______ ______ in families and failed to hold batterers _______ for violence.

condoned abuse; accountable

What are examples for resisting?

create

Family violence is NOT caused by: Anger: Some family violence episodes occur when the batterer is not emotionally charged or angry and some occur when the batterer is very ______ ______. Batterers choose violence or other tactics of control, such as

emotionally charged. displays of anger to get what they want or that to which they feel entitled.

Substance abuse: Although drug and alcohol abuse is not the cause of battering, it does ___ ___ _____ of the violence and the potential for violence increases drastically.

enhance the severity

Theories on causes of FV abuse: Stressors and lack of control- ______, _______, ______.

finances, isolation, children

Nearly one in ______ women in the United States reports experiencing violence by a current or former spouse or boyfriend at some point in her life.

four

The violence usually increased in _____ and ______ over time.

frequency, severity

History of violence: Previous assaults on a partner or child can be indicative of ____ _____ _____ _____ that may escalate suddenly.

future acts of violence

While family violence can happen to anyone, regardless of ____, ______, ____ ____, or _____ the sobering fact is that 1 in ____ women will experience domestic violence during her lifetime.

gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or income; 4

Theories on causes of FV abuse: Learned behavior -Violence is ______ via role models in the _____ and ______.

learned; family, community

Victim attempting to end the relationship: The time that the victim is in greatest danger is when they attempt to _____ ___ ____. This is when most victims are _____.

leave the batterer; killed

Obsession with victim: The violent act is committed to prevent the victim from what? This obsessiveness is also apparent in a what scenario?

leaving or ending the relationship. murder/suicide

Mental health issues: Certain mental health problems such as depression and paranoia increased the chances of a ______ _______.

lethal assault

Theories of causes of FV abuse: Learned behavior -Use of violence becomes _______.

normalized

Theories on causes of FV abuse: Learned behavior- role models, a way of life. -Behaviors are acquired by _____ and _____ ______.

observing; imitating others

History of violence: A reasonable indicator of future behavior is a

past pattern of physical abuse.

It's a choice- The batterer chooses to use violence to maintain what?

power and control over the victim

Family violence is all about _____ and ______.

power, control

Healthy relationships are made up of

respect, honesty, trust, and communication.

Healthy relationships are based upon economic equality (the freedom to make decisions regarding work, money, school, and other financial matters), emotional honesty, ____ _____, and _____ _____.

sexual respect; physical safety

It works- ______ by the abuse, the victim will say or do anything to ______.

terrorized; survive

Surveillance: A significant number of murders or attempted murders involving domestic violence are preceded by what?

the monitoring of the victim by their assailant.

It is preferable to use the Power and Control Wheel when discussing the types of behavior that the offender does in order to maintain

the power and control in the family.

On average more than ______ women a day are murdered by their husbands or boyfriends in the United States.

three

The United Nations Developed Fund for Women estimates that at least one of every ____ women globally will be beaten, raped or otherwise abused during her lifetime, and in most cases the abuser is a ____ ___ ____ ___ _____.

three; a member of her own family

Threats to kill victim, children or commit suicide: in most situations, when a batterer chooses to take their own life, they first attempt

to take the life of a family member.

Theories of causes of FV abuse: Learned behavior -Through observation, imitation, and practice, a person who witnesses violence enacted by others learns to wield it as a _____ and ______.

tool, language

Sexual assaults: Those batterers who have sexually assaulted their victims in the past are _____ as likely to commit a lethal or dangerous act of violence.

twice

In 2008, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention published data collection in 2005 that finds that women experience ______ _____ _____ ____ ____ _____ _____ each year.

two million injuries from intimate partner violence

There is NO "____ _____" and NO "____ _____"

typical victim; typical suspect

It's a choice- Just like the batterer, everyone has problems, gets angry and has stress, but not everyone chooses to ___ ______.

use violence

Women are much more likely than men to be _________ by a current or former intimate partner.

victimized

Use of or access to weapons: This may include weapons other than knives and guns. The use of ________ or _____ ____ _____ increases the risk that serious harm will be inflicted.

weapons, martial arts skills

Theories on Causes of FV Abuse: It works to get the batterer ____ ____ _____.

what he wants.

Indicators that a batterer has a strong potential to kill:

-Threatens suicide -Feels they own the victim -Separation -Depression

Lethality Checklist:

-Victim attempting to end the relationship -History of violence -Use of or access to weapons -Threats to kill victim, children or commit suicide -Substance abuse -Obsession with victim -Mental health issues -Sexual assaults -Surveillance

Family violence is NOT caused by: Out of control behavior: Batterers make choices about:

-Whom they will abuse -What they will or will not do to the victim -Where and when they will strike -Such decision-making indicates abusers are actually very much in control of their abusive behavior

What are examples of managing?

-anticipate abusers' moods -modify own behavior so as not to arouse anger in abuser -attempt to control situations that lead to violence -divert attention from the abuse through religion or other activities

Things to think about when trying to get out

-how would you physically get out -plans on where you would go -teacher your children to call 911 for help -memorize phone numbers needed

What are examples of coping?

-placating the abuser -enduring

Stay in the abusive relationship and become COMBATIVE

-self-defense issues will arise -violence will get worse -abuser will justify his actions based on the complainant's willingness to fight back. -victim takes a chance on being arrested for a family violence offense

Stay in the abusive relationship and become PASSIVE

-violence will continue -abuser will become more aggressive -injury and/or death to the complainant is likely

How many female homicide victims are murdered by their current or former partner every year?

1 in 3 females

In 2009, _____ women were murdered by an intimate partner.

1,081

Five choices of a Victim

1. Leave the abusive relationship 2. Stay in the abusive relationship and become PASSIVE 3. Stay in the abusive relationship and become COMBATIVE 4. Kill the Batterer 5. Commit Suicide

In 2009, _______ individuals were killed as a result of a family violence incident with the relationship of the victim to the offender being either, a

2,465 husband, wife, mother, father, son, daughter, brother, sister, other family member, boyfriend or girlfriend.

Women of all ages are at risk for domestic and sexual violence, and those ages ____ to ___ are at the greatest risk of experiencing nonfatal intimate partner violence.

20, 24

Domestic Homicides: Nationwide, in 2009, ____% of victims were slain by family members, ____% were murdered by their husbands or boyfriends.

24.2; 34.6

In 2009, ____ men were killed by an intimate partner.

279

More than _____ children witness domestic violence in their homes every year

3 million

There is a ______ higher rate of children suffering abuse or neglect if they live in homes where there is domestic violence

30-60%

More than ______ women experience physical assault and rape by their partners

4 million

Women are ______% of spouse abuse victims, ___% of victims of abuse at the hands of a boyfriend or girlfriend, and about ____-_____ of the the persons who commit family violence are male.

84; 86; three-fourths

Cycles of Violence: Honeymoon:

-Apologies -Promises -Blaming -Gifts

Cycles of violence: Explosion:

-Attacks -Threats -(Physical, emotional, and sexual)

"Power & Control" behaviors/categories: Eight categories:

-Coercion & threats -Intimidation -Emotional abuse -Isolation -Minimizing, denying, and blaming -Using children -Economic abuse -Male privilege

Cycles of violence: Tension:

-Criticism -Yelling -Swearing -Coercion -Anger

Family violence is NOT caused by: Stress:

-Everyone suffers from stressors of life -Stress does not cause someone to be violent

Kill the batterer

-Exposes the victim to arrest and prosecution -Expense of bond and trial -What happens to the children with no father? -Trauma to the victim

Victims may experience:

-Feel shame -Have anxiety -Have suicidal thoughts -Abuse alcohol or drugs -Be hopeful that their abuser will change and/or stop the abuse -Have religious, cultural, or other beliefs that reinforce staying in the relationship. -Have no support from friends or family -Fear cultural, community, or societal backlash that may hinder escape or support -Feel like they have nowhere to go or no ability to get away. -Fear they will not be able to support themselves after they escape the abuser.

Warning signs of batterer:

-Has hit her before -Has hit former spouse/partner -Expresses anger physically -Strict control -Isolates -Jealousy -Blames others -Resents her success -Violent drinker -Violence in batterer's family -Unable to empathize -Severe mood swings -Unable to express self clearly

Characteristics of Offenders: 4 of 4

-History of abuse either as a child or with another partner -Uses violence to get what he wants and solve problems because it has worked in the past. -Extremely moody -Severe mood swings

Family violence is NOT caused by:

-Illness -Genetics- family violence is a behavior learned through observation and reinforcement. -Alcohol- *While it may be present in many family violence situations, alcohol does not cause someone to be violent. *Alcohol can make a violent person more violent. Batterers often use alcohol as an excuse for their violence. -Out of control behavior -Stress -Anger

There is no one typical, detectable personality of an offender, but they do often display common characteristics: 1 of 4

-Majority of family violence is male-on-female -May be extremely jealous and accuse partner of constant infidelity -Usually feels very poorly about himself -Has low self-esteem (he/she may appear successful, but internally they feel inadequate). -Has witnessed or been a victim of FV. -Believes male is head of the house no matter what.

Characteristics of Offenders: 3 of 4

-May turn to drug/alcohol abuse *Substance abuse does not cause the violence *Substance abuse may intensify the frequency and severity of FV -Uses sex aggressively -Does not believe his behaviors should have negative consequences -Angry -Socially isolated- loner -Denies existence of and/or minimizes seriousness of the violence

Characteristics of Offenders: 2 of 4

-Objectifies the victim-often seeing him/her as "property" or "sexual objects" -Blame others for actions and does not take any personal responsibility- he/she blames violence on circumstances such as stress, partner's behavior, a "bad day", or alcohol/drugs. -May act differently in public than at home. -Hateful and ugly towards everyone.

Victims may experience:

-Physical injuries -Feelings of guilt about violence, the children, etc. -Feelings of low self esteem, feeling like violence is justified. -Feel and not trust anyone -Feel depressed & helpless -Wanted the abuse to end, but not the relationship. -May be dependent on abuser both economically and emotionally -May feel powerless to do anything to change the situation -May blame self for the violence -May be in denial that it is really that bad

Victims may experience: Abuse can lead to such mental health problems as:

-Sleeplessness -Nervousness -Depression -Loss of appetite

Why do batterers batter?

-Society says it's okay -It works -It's a choice -Control -Learned behavior

Frequent abuse can destroy self-esteem and can lead you to:

Accept abuse as a normal aspect of a relationship. Believe that you are responsible for the abuse

-Making and/or carrying out threats to do something to hurt her. -Threatening to leave her, commit suicide, or report her to welfare. -Making her drop charges. -Making her do illegal things. These all describe what power & control behavior/category?

Coercion & threats

Why do batterers batter?: ________ = Abuser wants total control of the victim and family, and may use a combination of violent and abusive tactics to achieve and maintain control.

Control

Victim's reaction to abuse falls into 3 classes:

Coping Managing Resisting

What does the cycle of violence phases revolve around?

Denial