female reproductive system
Transport of oocytes toward the utureus occurs in the uterine tubes by a combination of __________.
ciliary movement and peristaltic contractions
Which of the following descriptions best matches the term endometrium?
consists of a functional zone and a basilar zone of epithelium
Part complete The ________ consists of the follicle cells that cling to the oocyte after ovulation.
corona radiata
The surge in luteinizing hormone that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle triggers
follicle maturation
The ________ is the endometrial layer that undergoes dramatic changes during the menstrual cycle.
functional layer
Starting at the superior end, the uterus in the female is divided into _________
fundus, body, and cervix
The reproductive system includes all of the following except
glands and organs that produce and store urine.
The secretory phase of the uterine cycle occurs during the ________ phase of the ovarian cycle.
luteal
Progesterone levels are highest during which phases of the ovarian and uterine cycles, respectively?
luteal; secretory
The first menses is called the
menarche
During oogenesis, meiosis produces how many functional gametes?
one
The process of oogenesis produces three nonfunctional polar bodies that eventually disintegrate, plus __________.
one functional ovum
The large and rapid rise of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the blood stream triggers __________.
ovulation
This graph represents which phase of the uterine cycle?
ovulation
The primary follicle develops from the
primordial follicle
Which of these general characteristics is/are different between the male and female reproductive systems?
production of mature gametes & production of hormones
After ovulation, the ovary secretes
progesterone
The principal hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy is __________.
progesterone
What hormone does the corpus luteum primarily produce?
progesterone
The principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum is
progresterone
During the __________ phase of the uterine cycle, high levels of estrogen and progesterone direct uterine activity.
secretory
Rachel is experiencing difficulty conceiving. All of the following may be reasons why, except
she has a 28 day cycle. her ovarian and menstrual cycles are not properly coordinated. her pituitary gland is not producing adequate levels of FSH. her ovaries are not producing enough estrogen. her ovaries are not producing enough progesterone. she has a 28 day cycle.
During the menstrual phase,
the old functional layer is sloughed off
The ________ is the glycoprotein-rich region between the developing oocyte and the granulosa cells.
zona pellucida
What is the lowest, or most distal, part of the uterus?
Cervix
Which female reproductive structure most resembles the penis in the male?
Clitoris
What is formed from the remaining follicle cells that are not ovulated with the secondary oocyte?
Corpus luteum
Which hormone causes the development of secondary follicles into tertiary follicles?
FSH
Which part of the uterus is lost during menses?
Functional zone
What is the combination of a primary oocyte and a single layer of follicle cells called?
Primordial follicle
The rupture of the follicular wall and ovulation are caused by __________.
a sudden surge in LH (luteinizing hormone) concentration
The average length of the menstrual cycle is ________ days.
28
A woman seeking to become pregnant could do which of the following to determine when she might be ovulating?
All of the listed responses are correct. Record her basal body temperature Count the number of days that have passed since the onset of her last menses Look for a thinning in the cervical mucus All of the listed responses are correct.
Which of the following statements about the vagina is not true?
During pregnancy, the vagina produces progesterone
During the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle, progesterone secretion peaks and estrogen levels decrease. Along with these changes, there is a corresponding increase in a woman's basal body temperature. Which of the following hypotheses best explains this phenomenon?
It is not the increase in progesterone, but the decrease in estrogen that may signal an increase in overall body temperature. This is because the decrease in estrogen reduces the negative feedback signal to the hypothalamus, the thermoregulator for the body. The result is an increase in overall basal body temperature.
The secretion of the hormone __________ triggers __________.
LH; ovulation
What are the three sequential stages of the uterine cycle?
Menses, proliferative phase, and secretory phase
Which of the following is the muscular layer of the uterus?
Myometrium
What does it take for an ovulated oocyte to become a mature ovum?
Penetration by a sperm
Which of the following statements about oogenesis is false?
The polar body is the egg cell which is then fertilized by the sperm cell.
Which of the following statements about the female gamete is FALSE?
Their production begins before a girl is born. They develop from oogonia. There are only about 1000 immature ova at birth. They complete meiosis II after fertilization. There are only about 1000 immature ova at birth
Which of the following statements about the uterine tubes is not true?
They are passageways for the elimination of menstrual fluids.
Which statement below correctly identifies when the cell division indicated by the arrow occurs?
This mitotic division is completed within the ovary before a female is born.
What female reproductive structure receives the ovum from the ovary during ovulation?
Uterine tube
At what point in the female cycle would the indicated structure be prominent?
during formation of the corpus luteum
The mesentery that encloses the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus is the _________
broad ligament
In a 28-day cycle, estrogen levels peak at __________.
day 14
Whether or not fertilization occurs, the final destination of the ovum is the __________.
endometrium
The histological composition of the uterine wall consists of the __________.
endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium