FIN CHAPTER 11: RISK AND RETURN IN CAPITAL MARKETS
16. Standard deviation measures which type of risk? A. total B. nondiversifiable C. unsystematic D. systematic E. economic
A
9. Which one of the following is a positively sloped linear function that is created when expected returns are graphed against security betas? A. reward-to-risk matrix B. portfolio weight graph C. normal distribution D. security market line E. market real returns
D
11. Which one of the following is the formula that explains the relationship between the expected return on a security and the level of that security's systematic risk? A. capital asset pricing model B. time value of money equation C. unsystematic risk equation D. market performance equation E. expected risk formula
A
27. Which one of the following is an example of systematic risk? A. investors panic causing security prices around the globe to fall precipitously B. a flood washes away a firm's warehouse C. a city imposes an additional one percent sales tax on all products D. a toymaker has to recall its top-selling toy E. corn prices increase due to increased demand for alternative fuels
A
28. Unsystematic risk: A. can be effectively eliminated by portfolio diversification. B. is compensated for by the risk premium. C. is measured by beta. D. is measured by standard deviation. E. is related to the overall economy.
A
30. Which one of the following is least apt to reduce the unsystematic risk of a portfolio? A. reducing the number of stocks held in the portfolio B. adding bonds to a stock portfolio C. adding international securities into a portfolio of U.S. stocks D. adding U.S. Treasury bills to a risky portfolio E. adding technology stocks to a portfolio of industrial stocks
A
37. Which of the following statements concerning risk are correct? I. Nondiversifiable risk is measured by beta. II. The risk premium increases as diversifiable risk increases. III. Systematic risk is another name for nondiversifiable risk. IV. Diversifiable risks are market risks you cannot avoid. A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. I and II only D. III and IV only E. I, II, and III only
A
44. The systematic risk of the market is measured by: A. a beta of 1.0. B. a beta of 0.0. C. a standard deviation of 1.0. D. a standard deviation of 0.0. E. a variance of 1.0.
A
47. The intercept point of the security market line is the rate of return which corresponds to: A. the risk-free rate. B. the market rate. C. a return of zero. D. a return of 1.0 percent. E. the market risk premium.
A
49. The market rate of return is 11 percent and the risk-free rate of return is 3 percent. Lexant stock has 3 percent less systematic risk than the market and has an actual return of 12 percent. This stock: A. is underpriced. B. is correctly priced. C. will plot below the security market line. D. will plot on the security market line. E. will plot to the right of the overall market on a security market line graph.
A
8. Which one of the following measures the amount of systematic risk present in a particular risky asset relative to the systematic risk present in an average risky asset? A. beta B. reward-to-risk ratio C. risk ratio D. standard deviation E. price-earnings ratio
A
15. The expected risk premium on a stock is equal to the expected return on the stock minus the: A. expected market rate of return. B. risk-free rate. C. inflation rate. D. standard deviation. E. variance.
B
2. Suzie owns five different bonds valued at $36,000 and twelve different stocks valued at $82,500 total. Which one of the following terms most applies to Suzie's investments? A. index B. portfolio C. collection D. grouping E. risk-free
B
20. If a stock portfolio is well diversified, then the portfolio variance: A. will equal the variance of the most volatile stock in the portfolio. B. may be less than the variance of the least risky stock in the portfolio. C. must be equal to or greater than the variance of the least risky stock in the portfolio. D. will be a weighted average of the variances of the individual securities in the portfolio. E. will be an arithmetic average of the variances of the individual securities in the portfolio.
B
3. Steve has invested in twelve different stocks that have a combined value today of $121,300. Fifteen percent of that total is invested in Wise Man Foods. The 15 percent is a measure of which one of the following? A. portfolio return B. portfolio weight C. degree of risk D. price-earnings ratio E. index value
B
31. Which one of the following statements is correct concerning unsystematic risk? A. An investor is rewarded for assuming unsystematic risk. B. Eliminating unsystematic risk is the responsibility of the individual investor. C. Unsystematic risk is rewarded when it exceeds the market level of unsystematic risk. D. Beta measures the level of unsystematic risk inherent in an individual security. E. Standard deviation is a measure of unsystematic risk.
B
33. Which one of the following risks is irrelevant to a well-diversified investor? A. systematic risk B. unsystematic risk C. market risk D. nondiversifiable risk E. systematic portion of a surprise
B
41. Systematic risk is measured by: A. the mean. B. beta. C. the geometric average. D. the standard deviation. E. the arithmetic average.
B
43. Which one of the following statements is correct concerning a portfolio beta? A. Portfolio betas range between -1.0 and +1.0. B. A portfolio beta is a weighted average of the betas of the individual securities contained in the portfolio. C. A portfolio beta cannot be computed from the betas of the individual securities comprising the portfolio because some risk is eliminated via diversification. D. A portfolio of U.S. Treasury bills will have a beta of +1.0. E. The beta of a market portfolio is equal to zero.
B
45. At a minimum, which of the following would you need to know to estimate the amount of additional reward you will receive for purchasing a risky asset instead of a risk-free asset? I. asset's standard deviation II. asset's beta III. risk-free rate of return IV. market risk premium A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. III and IV only D. I, III, and IV only E. I, II, III, and IV
B
7. The _____ tells us that the expected return on a risky asset depends only on that asset's nondiversifiable risk. A. efficient markets hypothesis B. systematic risk principle C. open markets theorem D. law of one price E. principle of diversification
B
17. The expected rate of return on a stock portfolio is a weighted average where the weights are based on the: A. number of shares owned of each stock. B. market price per share of each stock. C. market value of the investment in each stock. D. original amount invested in each stock. E. cost per share of each stock held.
C
24. Which one of the following events would be included in the expected return on Sussex stock? A. The chief financial officer of Sussex unexpectedly resigned. B. The labor union representing Sussex' employees unexpectedly called a strike. C. This morning, Sussex confirmed that its CEO is retiring at the end of the year as was anticipated. D. The price of Sussex stock suddenly declined in value because researchers accidentally discovered that one of the firm's products can be toxic to household pets. E. The board of directors made an unprecedented decision to give sizeable bonuses to the firm's internal auditors for their efforts in uncovering wasteful spending.
C
32. Which one of the following statements related to risk is correct? A. The beta of a portfolio must increase when a stock with a high standard deviation is added to the portfolio. B. Every portfolio that contains 25 or more securities is free of unsystematic risk. C. The systematic risk of a portfolio can be effectively lowered by adding T-bills to the portfolio. D. Adding five additional stocks to a diversified portfolio will lower the portfolio's beta. E. Stocks that move in tandem with the overall market have zero betas.
C
38. The primary purpose of portfolio diversification is to: A. increase returns and risks. B. eliminate all risks. C. eliminate asset-specific risk. D. eliminate systematic risk. E. lower both returns and risks.
C
4. Which one of the following is a risk that applies to most securities? A. unsystematic B. diversifiable C. systematic D. asset-specific E. total
C
40. How many diverse securities are required to eliminate the majority of the diversifiable risk from a portfolio? A. 5 B. 10 C. 25 D. 50 E. 75
C
42. Which one of the following is most directly affected by the level of systematic risk in a security? A. variance of the returns B. standard deviation of the returns C. expected rate of return D. risk-free rate E. market risk premium
C
48. A stock with an actual return that lies above the security market line has: A. more systematic risk than the overall market. B. more risk than that warranted by CAPM. C. a higher return than expected for the level of risk assumed. D. less systematic risk than the overall market. E. a return equivalent to the level of risk assumed.
C
50. Which one of the following will be constant for all securities if the market is efficient and securities are priced fairly? A. variance B. standard deviation C. reward-to-risk ratio D. beta E. risk premium
C
13. The expected return on a stock given various states of the economy is equal to the: A. highest expected return given any economic state. B. arithmetic average of the returns for each economic state. C. summation of the individual expected rates of return. D. weighted average of the returns for each economic state. E. return for the economic state with the highest probability of occurrence.
D
14. The expected return on a stock computed using economic probabilities is: A. guaranteed to equal the actual average return on the stock for the next five years. B. guaranteed to be the minimal rate of return on the stock over the next two years. C. guaranteed to equal the actual return for the immediate twelve month period. D. a mathematical expectation based on a weighted average and not an actual anticipated outcome. E. the actual return you should anticipate as long as the economic forecast remains constant.
D
19. The expected return on a portfolio: I. can never exceed the expected return of the best performing security in the portfolio. II. must be equal to or greater than the expected return of the worst performing security in the portfolio. III. is independent of the unsystematic risks of the individual securities held in the portfolio. IV. is independent of the allocation of the portfolio amongst individual securities. A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. I and II only D. I, II, and III only E. I, II, III, and IV
D
34. Which of the following are examples of diversifiable risk? I. earthquake damages an entire town II. federal government imposes a $100 fee on all business entities III. employment taxes increase nationally IV. toymakers are required to improve their safety standards A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. II and III only D. I and IV only E. I, III, and IV only
D
35. Which of the following statements are correct concerning diversifiable risks? I. Diversifiable risks can be essentially eliminated by investing in thirty unrelated securities. II. There is no reward for accepting diversifiable risks. III. Diversifiable risks are generally associated with an individual firm or industry. IV. Beta measures diversifiable risk. A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. I and IV only D. I, II and III only E. I, II, III, and IV
D
36. Which one of the following is the best example of a diversifiable risk? A. interest rates increase B. energy costs increase C. core inflation increases D. a firm's sales decrease E. taxes decrease
D
46. Total risk is measured by _____ and systematic risk is measured by _____. A. beta; alpha B. beta; standard deviation C. alpha; beta D. standard deviation; beta E. standard deviation; variance
D
5. A news flash just appeared that caused about a dozen stocks to suddenly drop in value by about 20 percent. What type of risk does this news flash represent? A. portfolio B. nondiversifiable C. market D. unsystematic E. total
D
10. Which one of the following is represented by the slope of the security market line? A. reward-to-risk ratio B. market standard deviation C. beta coefficient D. risk-free interest rate E. market risk premium
E
12. Treynor Industries is investing in a new project. The minimum rate of return the firm requires on this project is referred to as the: A. average arithmetic return. B. expected return. C. market rate of return. D. internal rate of return. E. cost of capital.
E
18. The expected return on a portfolio considers which of the following factors? I. percentage of the portfolio invested in each individual security II. projected states of the economy III. the performance of each security given various economic states IV. probability of occurrence for each state of the economy A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. I, III, and IV only D. II, III, and IV only E. I, II, III, and IV
E
21. The standard deviation of a portfolio: A. is a weighted average of the standard deviations of the individual securities held in the portfolio. B. can never be less than the standard deviation of the most risky security in the portfolio. C. must be equal to or greater than the lowest standard deviation of any single security held in the portfolio. D. is an arithmetic average of the standard deviations of the individual securities which comprise the portfolio. E. can be less than the standard deviation of the least risky security in the portfolio.
E
22. The standard deviation of a portfolio: A. is a measure of that portfolio's systematic risk. B. is a weighed average of the standard deviations of the individual securities held in that portfolio. C. measures the amount of diversifiable risk inherent in the portfolio. D. serves as the basis for computing the appropriate risk premium for that portfolio. E. can be less than the weighted average of the standard deviations of the individual securities held in that portfolio.
E
23. Which one of the following statements is correct concerning a portfolio of 20 securities with multiple states of the economy when both the securities and the economic states have unequal weights? A. Given the unequal weights of both the securities and the economic states, the standard deviation of the portfolio must equal that of the overall market. B. The weights of the individual securities have no effect on the expected return of a portfolio when multiple states of the economy are involved. C. Changing the probabilities of occurrence for the various economic states will not affect the expected standard deviation of the portfolio. D. The standard deviation of the portfolio will be greater than the highest standard deviation of any single security in the portfolio given that the individual securities are well diversified. E. Given both the unequal weights of the securities and the economic states, an investor might be able to create a portfolio that has an expected standard deviation of zero.
E
25. Which one of the following statements is correct? A. The unexpected return is always negative. B. The expected return minus the unexpected return is equal to the total return. C. Over time, the average return is equal to the unexpected return. D. The expected return includes the surprise portion of news announcements. E. Over time, the average unexpected return will be zero.
E
26. Which one of the following statements related to unexpected returns is correct? A. All announcements by a firm affect that firm's unexpected returns. B. Unexpected returns over time have a negative effect on the total return of a firm. C. Unexpected returns are relatively predictable in the short-term. D. Unexpected returns generally cause the actual return to vary significantly from the expected return over the long-term. E. Unexpected returns can be either positive or negative in the short term but tend to be zero over the long-term.
E
29. Which one of the following is an example of unsystematic risk? A. income taxes are increased across the board B. a national sales tax is adopted C. inflation decreases at the national level D. an increased feeling of prosperity is felt around the globe E. consumer spending on entertainment decreased nationally
E
39. Which one of the following indicates a portfolio is being effectively diversified? A. an increase in the portfolio beta B. a decrease in the portfolio beta C. an increase in the portfolio rate of return D. an increase in the portfolio standard deviation E. a decrease in the portfolio standard deviation
E
6. The principle of diversification tells us that: A. concentrating an investment in two or three large stocks will eliminate all of the unsystematic risk. B. concentrating an investment in three companies all within the same industry will greatly reduce the systematic risk. C. spreading an investment across five diverse companies will not lower the total risk. D. spreading an investment across many diverse assets will eliminate all of the systematic risk. E. spreading an investment across many diverse assets will eliminate some of the total risk.
E
