Final 3 business

_____ is the process of negotiating labor agreements between union members and management.

Collective bargaining

_____ is the expansion of the number of tasks and variety of tasks at a similar job level performed by a worker.

Job enlargement

PG&E supplies all of the electricity to Northern California and Oregon. PG&E is an example of:

a monopoly

In a(n) ______ shop, the worker does not have to join the union but must pay dues to cover union expenses.

agency

Individual ownership of property is a key element in:

capitalism

Which of the following is NOT a form of unemployment?

fiscal unemployment

The key element in socialism is:

governmental control

The situation in which the average of all prices of products is rising is called:

inflation

Which of the following is NOT part of a nation's infrastructure?

its mountain ranges

A _____ is an organization of employees formed to represent workers in their disputes with management over wages, hours, and working conditions.

job bank

As companies restructure to create greater efficiencies in their operations, there is a greater opportunity for _____________ where management combines specialized tasks in one job, and asking employees to broaden their scope of responsibilities.

job enlargement

Which of the following benefits do unions almost never stress in an organizing campaign?

more job satisfaction

In 2018, the country of Brazil, had imports of $78.02 billion and had a favorable balance of trade. This means that Brazil had:

more than $78.02 billion in exports

Within the music industry, four companies (UMG, Sony-BMG, EMI, and Warner) control 90 percent of the music you hear. The music industry operates in a(n) _____ market structure.

oligopoly

Which of the following statements about unemployment compensation is true?

pays to those who were laid off or fired for discrimination or employer fraud

In 2005, the government of Bangladesh spent $8.59 billion on government programs, and had revenues of $5.993 billion. This indicates that Bangladesh like the United States can have a(n):

budget deficit

The _____ is a theory that is concerned with workers' perception about how fairly they are treated compared with their coworkers.

equity theory

The European Union (EU) bans the importation of hormone-fed U.S. beef and bioengineered U.S. corn and soybeans on safety grounds although Americans eat this food every day. This ban is so consumers in the EU will buy domestic beef and products made from domestically produced corn and soybeans. This ban is an example of:

protectionism

At Children's Hospital in Denver, good attendance is encouraged by recognizing staff members who have not missed work in the previous three months. At three-month intervals, at staff meetings, the names of those who have not missed work that quarter are announced. These employees are given ribbons of excellence, perfect attendance pins, prizes, tote bags, alarm clocks, gift certificates or movie tickets. As an added incentive, the person with the longest record of perfect attendance is allowed to choose first from the list of "gifts." This is an example of how _____ are used in association with the ______ theory.

rewards; reinforcement

Jenny left a high-paying job to work for a nonprofit helping the homeless where she gets very little pay. Which need level would Maslow say Jenny is hoping to fulfill by changing job?

self-actualization

Forty-five percent of the labor force in Armenia is involved in the agricultural sector, but the economic growth in the nation comes from industry and tourism. What type of unemployment would such a mismatch of ability and job requirements cause?

structural

According to expectancy theory, the probability of an individual acting a particular way depends on the strength of the individual's belief that:

the act will have a particular outcome and on whether the individual values that outcome

Which of the following is NOT an argument for tariffs that protect domestic businesses and workers?

the maintenance of improved quality of products to protect consumers

Recruitment may involve all of the following EXCEPT:

writing job descriptions

_____ is the gap between what is and what is desired, and _____ is the gap between what is and what is required.

A want; a need

\Fiscal policy is concerned with:

taxation and spending

The _____ prints money and controls its circulation.

Federal Reserve System

_____ is the process of gathering information and evaluating which persons in the applicant pool possess the qualifications necessary to be successful on the job.

Selection

The _____ style of management is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes that the average person dislikes work, will try to avoid work, prefers to be directed, avoids responsibility, and wants security above all else.

Theory X

The _____ is the total amount of money that flows in and out of a country.

balance of payments

The difference between a country's total payments to other countries and its total receipts from other countries is called its:

balance of payments

The first step in performance planning and appraisal is to:

establish performance standards

When sales of cheese in the United States began to stagnate, the U.S. dairy industry looked for a quick and easy method to reach global markets. From your understanding of how companies participate in the global marketplace, you should know that the dairy industry selected:

exporting

Companies that want to meet the diverse needs of their employees by offering work-scheduling options can use:

flextime

Currency markets operate under a system called _____. This means that prices of currencies vary based upon demand and supply of that currency.

floating exchange rate

Active ownership of a foreign company, with direct investors having either a controlling or a large minority interest in the firm, is called a(n):

foreign direct investment

Given the trend toward employee empowerment in the workplace, more and more employees are finding the _____ theory useful.

goal setting

A recent regulation enacted by the Commission for Protective Trade Measures in Russia limits the amount of poultry meat that can be brought into the country and sold in the country each year to 1.05 billion tons. Russia is using a(n) _____ to protect its domestic poultry industry.

import quota

Human resource _____ is the creation of a strategy for meeting future human resource needs.

planning

Which of the following is NOT one of the main activities for a human resource manager?

coordinating marketing and production activities