Final Exam Review
60. The scope of information technology legislation is expected to increase in the coming years. a. True b. False
A
68. Compared to other data-intensive sectors, healthcare has lagged in adopting analytics. a. True b. False
A
13. EMR and HIT mean essentially the same thing. a. True b. False
B
2. What factor is NOT a primary driver of change in the healthcare system? a. Healthcare costs, quality, and access b. Global warming c. Evidence-based medicine d. Broad organizational change
B
22. The role of CIO ONLY exists in the healthcare sector. a. True b. False
B
24. Discussion of resource requirements should not be a part of the health information technology strategic plan because the finance department has total responsibility for finance and resources decisions. a. True b. False
B
28. One disadvantage of point-of-care devices is that they function only in wireless environment a. True b. False
B
40. It is customary for the system selection committee to also serve as the contract negotiation team. a. True b. False
B
43. Which of the following is NOT a key benefit of an electronic health record? a. Better access to clinical information about patients b. Better access to information about an organization's human resources c. Better organization of data about patients d. Improved monitoring and performance
B
33. Which if the following provides a framework of best practice guidance for information technology (IT) service management and is the most widely used and accepted approach to IT service management in the world? a. IT service support b. Control Objects for Information Technology c. Information Technology Infrastructure Library d. IT service delivery
C
34. Which of the following statements concerning information technology service desks is NOT true? a. They are often a stressful place for staff to work b. They represent the face of the health information technology department c. They address only malfunctions and incidents d. In hospitals or healthcare service organizations, they are typically of three different types: decentralized, centralized, and virtual.
C
38. In the system selection process, the step of reducing the number of potential vendors that a healthcare organization is considering to just a few finalists is called _____ a. Education b. Final selection c. Down selection d. Selection bias
C
42. EHR stands for _______. a. Electronic human resources b. Electronic medical record. c. Electronic health record d. Of the above.
C
9. Which of the following is NOT a part of the healthcare triangle? a. Cost b. Quality c. Effectiveness d. Access
C
14. CMS stand for ___________ and is considered a ______________ payor. a. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Systems; Private b. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; Private c. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Systems; Public d. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services; Federal
D
20. Which of the following is NOT a challenge that the evolving role of CIO will face in the future? a. Security concerns b. Budgetary concerns c. Desire for greater health information technology autonomy from other business units d. None of the above
D
23. At Spartanburg Regional Healthcare System, the CIO reports directly to who? This is the second most common hierarchy structure for the role of CIO that we discussed. This occurs in less than 30 percent of healthcare systems/hospitals a. COO b. CEO c. CMIO d. CFO e. CNO f. CNO g. CSO
D
11. Interoperability, the ability of health information systems to work together within and across organizational boundaries, is a vital movement for the development of new HIT/Information Management standards. a. True b. False
A
16. Which of the following qualities or characteristics is NOT required for the role of CIO? a. Technical expertise b. Broad corporate and system understanding c. Ability to lead teams of technical experts d. Management oversight • Remember, they cannot be a master of everything related to IT, specifically.
A
18. Which of the following is NOT one of the major potential dangers and risks to the organization and the CIO leading outsourcing initiatives? a. Costs associated with vendor fees and profit structure b. Employment of contractors who do not understand the operation and culture of healthcare organizations c. Overdependence on vendors and the possibility that a critical contractor could go or change business direction d. None of the above
A
21. Staffing budgets for health information technology (HIT) have grown rapidly in recent years and typically make up over 50 percent of the typical HIT departmental operating budget. a. True b. False
A
25. Healthcare organizations must consistently apply their health information technology plan across their multiple operating units. a. True b. False
A
26. To transform raw data into information, it must be relevant, unbiased, and timely, and it should be performance targeted and cost-effective. a. True b. False
A
29. Which if the following criteria is most important in choosing an input device for clinical information? a. Accuracy of data entry b. Speed of data entry c. User preference d. Training requirement
A
3. What is one of the most popular, on-the-rise places consumers are looking to for medical information and consumer empowerment? a. Internet b. Television c. Newspapers d. Tweets
A
30. A data breach is any unauthorized access to information a. True b. False
A
31. According to Debra Walker, former chief information officer of Goodyear, what are the three levels of information technology (IT) services that the health information technology department must master, and in which order should they occur? a. Providing a robust and reliable infrastructure for the organization, providing excellent IT services, partnering with the business to do the high value-added activities and create competitive advantage b. Providing a robust and reliable infrastructure for the organization, partnering with the business to do the high value-added activities and create competitive advantage, providing excellent IT services c. Partnering with the business to do the high value-added activities, providing a robust and reliable infrastructure for the organization, providing excellent IT services d. Partnering with the business to do the high value-added activities, providing excellent IT services, providing a robust and reliable infrastructure for the organization
A
37. What is a request for proposal? a. A formal notice that the organization is interested in purchasing a particular type of health information technology product b. A request to form the system selection committee c. A request to form functional work groups d. A formal notice that the organization has made a final selection of a vendor
A
4. Evidence-based medicine can improve the quality of care by helping physician providers make effective clinical decisions. a. True b. False
A
41. Benefits realization is a post-implementation process that attempts to ascertain if the health information technology investment made is actually reaping the benefits envisioned. a. True b. False
A
46. A legacy system is a. A system formally used by a healthcare system or doctor's office in which a select few employees still have access to b. A system formally used by a healthcare system or doctor's office where all staff that are employed still have 'read only' access. c. A system formally used by a healthcare system or doctor's office that has been completely decommissioned and wiped clean. d. None of the above
A
52. Which of the following analyses apply when all aspects of the costs related to a technology and benefits of that technology are measured in monetary terms? a. Benefit-cost analyses b. Cost-effectiveness analyses c. Cost-utility analyses d. Of the above
A
56. Investments applied to the __________ level have the greatest chance of success. a. Operational b. Administrative c. Strategic planning d. None of the above
A
61. Development of new technologies can be constrained or facilitated by political agendas. a. True b. False
A
62. Healthcare consumerism impels healthcare organizations to provide more robust and more actionable information. a. True b. False
A
64. Analytics is an emerging field; thus skilled analysts are in short supply. a. True b. False
A
65. The growing interest in decentralized apps and products to benefit individual service units is a. Primarily aimed at better customer engagement and satisfaction or to improve workflow. b. Likely to repress progress toward interoperability. c. A threat to security of the healthcare organization's information resources. d. Likely a short-term fad that will decline quickly.
A
66. The cost trend of healthcare a. Is unidirectional—upward. b. Moves in tandem with the gross domestic product c. Decreases in election years. d. Is volatile, responsive to political drivers.
A
7. High-quality patient care relies on careful documentation of each patient's medical history, health status, current medical conditions, and treatment plans. a. True b. False
A
70. An enterprise analytics unit should incorporate all of the following functions EXCEPT a. Designing and creating every analytical report needed by the organization. b. Setting standards for analytic tools used and supported throughout the organization. c. Training users across the organization to conduct some level of self-service analytics. d. Coordinating use of business metadata and business rules associated with the data.
A
73. Alignment with organizational strategic objectives is pivotal to the success of analytics projects. a. True b. False
A
74. In most organizations, the enterprise analytics steering committee will report to the a. Senior leadership executive committee. b. Chief technology Officer c. Chief executive officer. d. Finance committee.
A
78. Demands for analytics capabilities can quickly become greater than the supply of 'esources to deliver them. a. True b. False
A
79. One advantage of staffing the analytics unit with consultants is a. Maintaining the permanent full-time equivalent headcount. b. Building a level of trust for funding the analytics function. c. Maintaining administrative control over the staffing levels. d. Assuring required skill sets and technical expertise.
A
1. Data are _____________, whereas information is _________________. a. Processed and analyzed in a formal, intelligent way; raw facts and figures collected by the organization b. Raw facts and figures collected by the organization; processed and analyzed in a formal, intelligent way c. Processed and analyzed in a formal, intelligent way; expertise and skills acquired by a person through experience and education d. Expertise and skills acquired by a person through experience and education; raw facts and figures collected by the organization
B
12. What is the primary justification for government intervention in healthcare? a. The private healthcare industry has demonstrated its inability to provide healthcare. b. The government has a broad obligation to protect the public. c. The government generally does a better job than private industry of producing services. d. Individuals don't know how to best manage their care, and thus the government must intervene.
B
19. CMIO stands for Chief Marketing Information Officer, which reports directly to CIO a. True b. False
B
35. In incident management, there are three levels of support services. Which of the following options correctly describes the type of help provided at each level? a. First level-requires a lot of expertise and training; may require a technician to go physically to the user's location, second level-handles the most routine, recurring incidents, such as resetting a user's password, third level—handles the most difficult and unique problems and often must perform deep root-cause analysis b. First level—handles the most routine, recurring incidents, such as resetting a user's password, second level—requires a lot of expertise and training; may require a technician to go physically to the user's location, third level handles the most difficult and unique problems and often must perform deep root-cause analysis c. First level—handles the most routine, recurring incidents, such as resetting a user's password, second level-handles the most difficult and unique problems and often mist perform foot-cause analysis, third level—requires a lot of expertise and training; may require a technician to go physically to the user's location d. First level-handles the most difficult and unique problems and often requires deep root-cause analysis, second level—handles the most routine, recurring incidents, such as resetting a user's password, third level—requires a lot of expertise and training; may require a technician to go physically to
B
47. Financial information systems perform all of the following functions EXCEPT a. Patient accounting b. Inventory control c. Investment monitoring d. General ledger
B
49. The exception of unavoidable manual data capture, the revenue cycle is almost exclusively automated. a. True b. False
B
53. Which of the following analyses are used for technologies that have an outcome that annot be quantified in financial terms? a. Benefit-cost analyses b. Cost-effectiveness analyses c. Cost-utility analyses d. None of the above
B
58. Establishing value in many healthcare investments has proven to be fairly and widely accepted. a. True b. False
B
59. The US healthcare system is on track to transition from a system that emphasizes balancing stakeholder value across dimensions to a system that emphasizes individual value and cost containment. a. True b. False
B
6. Following area does clinical information systems support MOST? a. Non-patient care activities b. Patient care c. Strategic planning d. Electronic data interchange
B
71. One common challenge to building a strong enterprise analytics unit in the early stages of analytics adoption is a. Too few information resources to build the required data repositories. b. Identifying and gaining meaningful participation of sufficient subject matter experts and functional expertise c. Competition among the enterprise data consumers for control of the unit. d. Inadequate funding and administrative advocacy for the unit.
B
72. "People skills" are of minor importance in selecting analytics staff. a. True b. False
B
80. The enterprise analytics function maintains its own analytics tools and infrastructure outside the enterprise information technology organization. a. True b. False
B
10. National health spending reached approximately what figure in 2018? a. $990 Million b. $80.6 Billion c. $3.6 Trillion d. $20.8 Trillion • Keep in mind, this is for the entire country!
C
15. CIO stands for _________________________________. a. Chief Industry Officer b. Chief Medical Information Officer c. Chief Information Officer d. Chief Industry Technology Officer
C
17. What is the current key driver of health information technology operating costs? a. Hardware and software b. Office supply c. Labor d. Equipment
C
39. Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of a total cost of ownership analysis? a. To understand the total cost that the healthcare organization will have to pay to the vendor b. To understand the total cost of conducting the system selection process c. To understand the total costs that the healthcare organization will have to expend over the extended period of time that it owns and operates the product d. To understand the total staff costs that the healthcare organization will have to expend as a result of owning and operating the product
C
44. What does TCO stand for a. Time, costs, and other b. Totals, counts, and observations c. Total cost of ownership d. None of the above
C
45. Most patient bills are generated from a. Aggregated individual charges. b. Negotiated contract rates c. Diagnosis and procedure codes. d. Allowable rate guidelines
C
48. Approximately 50 percent of a healthcare organization's operating budget is ttributable to which of the following? a. Pharmaceuticals and durable medical equipment b. Liability insurance and risk management c. Employee salaries and benefits d. Recruiting, training, and staff development
C
51. Problems with determination of cost of health information arise because of ______, rather than straightforward finance and accounting techniques. a. Poor training b. The value of life c. Complex (econometric) techniques d. Inadequate leadership
C
55. Which of the following terms describes an operational device designed to aid in defining and collecting relevant start-up and recurring costs? a. Sensitivity analysis b. Equity c. Total cost of ownership d. Cost-effectiveness analysis
C
63. mHealth apps abound. The caveat for healthcare organizations is a. data from personal apps should never be included in electronic health records. b. Is no oversight agency addressing app security. c. Should meet the needs of both consumers and providers. d. Most apps have a short lifecycle.
C
67. Simple distinction between analysis for business intelligence and big data analytics is the a. Analytical skill required b. Storage location of data. c. Volume and complexity of data involved. d. Intended use.
C
77. Analytics in healthcare can be directly beneficial to a community and/or healthcare enterprise in all of the following ways EXCEPT for a. Helps predict and view patterns in community care needs b. Aids the healthcare enterprise in financial planning c. Helps the trauma team prepare for emergencies d. Pinpoints areas for community Outreach programs
C
8. Information systems implementation benefits from teams consisting of clinicians, managers, and technical systems specialists because... a. Teams are always better than individuals. b. Clinicians, managers, and technical systems specialists hate working alone. c. Complementary skills and knowledge from clinicians, managers, and technical systems specialists combine to create a better product. d. Technical systems specialists can't design an elegant system alone.
C
32. Which of the following statements regarding unplanned work is NOT true? a. It is defined as any activity in the health information technology (HIT) organization the cannot be mapped to an authorized project, procedure, or change request. b. Examples include service interruptions, emergency/failed changes, software patches, and security incidents. c. Types of unplanned work for high-performing HIT departments include human/user errors and product/release failures. d. The key difference between low- and high- performance HIT departments concerning unplanned work is that low-performing HIT departments put in place holistic controls and processes that cut horizontally across the HIT depart, whereas high -performing HIT departments often operate in vertical, function-based silos with little to no formal cross- functional controls or processes.
D
36. Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in the system selection and contract management process? a. Clarification of objectives b. Down selection c. Completion of other due diligence activities d. System implementation
D
5. Which of the following is NOT a major priority in system development? a. For consumers through development of home applications b. Interoperability among system c. Protection of information security/Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliance d. Disuse of wireless devices to improve data entry and access
D
50. Johnston, Pan, and Middleton suggested that health information technology (HIT) investment decisions were made based on "anecdote, inference, and opinion." a. True, because HIT leadership trusts its ability to make vital decisions on behalf of the organization b. False, because opinion has no place in HIT investment decisions c. False, because sophisticated data systems effectively substitute evidence for these decisions d. True, because complexity and lack of comprehensive data gave HIT leaders little else to use for these decisions
D
54. If the eight steps in using formal methods of cost evaluation, which is most important in the analysis? a. Specify alternatives b. Measure costs and benefits c. Lifecycle and discounting d. Identify study objectives
D
57. Assessing and documenting risks in outcomes, financial benefits, and resource use or costs describe which of the following steps in information technology business development? a. Optimizing risk and return b. Documenting business case c. Nonfinancial benefit analysis d. Risk analysis
D
69. Center-of-excellence analytics models, in which functional departments have analytics groups, a. Lack an enterprise perspective for analytics activity and coordination. b. Produce a larger volume of actionable reports than a centralized model. c. Work well when functional units are largely autonomous. d. Have a corporate-level community of practice through which projects are coordinated.
D
75. Issues related to data definition and report standardization are typically addressed the a. Analytics unit staff. b. Chief information officer. c. Functional departments d. Data governance subcommittee
D
76. Analytics project champions are necessary to a. Keep projects moving forward when competing proposals emerse b. Help advocate for adequate funding and staff resources for the project. c. Help to define the scope and goals of the analytics project. d. Of the above.
D
27. A well-managed HIT project includes... a. The ability to manage competing priorities b. The ability of HIT staff to capitalize on the strategic purchasing of hardware and/or c. The ability if the CIO to convince the CMIO to follow the recommendations of the CFO d. All of the above e. Both A & B
E