Final Exam Review (Tests 4,5, + 6)
The range of human hearing is about A) 20 Hz - 20,000 Hz B) 40 Hz - 40,000 Hz C) 10 Hz - 10,000 Hz D) all of the above, depending on the person
A) 20 Hz - 20,000 Hz
Which best describes the intrinsic motion of stars? A) Their motion relative to all other bodies B) Their motion relative to Earth C) Their apparent yearly cycle around the Sun, due to Earth's revolution D) Their circular motion across the sky in a 24-hour period
A) Their motion relative to all other bodies
Break a bar magnet in half an each half is A) a complete magnet B) a stronger magnet C) no longer magnetized
A) a complete magnet
Maximum displacement corresponds to A) antinodes B) nodes
A) antinodes
The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction A) at right angles to the direction of wave travel B) opposite to wave travel C) along the direction of wave travel
A) at right angles to the direction of wave travel
For light, a red shift indicates the light source moves A) away from you B) toward you C) at right angles to you D) all of the above E) none of the above
A) away from you
What color light is transmitted by a piece of blue glass? A) blue B) red C) orange D) yellow E) white
A) blue
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Mars is A) carbon dioxide B) oxygen C) water vapor D) nitrogen E) methane
A) carbon dioxide
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is A) carbon dioxide B) oxygen C) nitrogen D) water vapor E) methane
A) carbon dioxide
The number of protons in the nucleus of an electrically neutral atom is equal to the number of A) electrons that surround the nucleus B) neutrons in the nucleus C) both D) neither
A) electrons that surround the nucleus
Power is the rate at which A) energy is transferred B) voltage can be changed C) current can be induced
A) energy can be transferred
This part of the Milky Way is a spherical cloud of thinly scattered stars and globular clusters A) halo B) nuclear bulge C) spiral arms D) disk
A) halo
The phenomenon of beats results from sound A) interference B) refraction C) reflection D) all of the above E) none of the above
A) interference
Electric and magnetic fields combine to produce A) light B) sound C) both D) neither
A) light
A wave with a long wavelength has a relatively A) low frequency B) high frequency C) both D) neither
A) low frequency
An eclipse of the sun can occur A) only when the moon passes directly in front of the sun B) at any time C) only when the sun passes directly between the earth and the moon D) only when the earth passes directly between the sun and the moon
A) only when the moon passes directly in front of the sun
This type of material will absorb light without re-emission A) opaque B) translucent C) neither
A) opaque
One main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electric forces A) repel or attract B) are weaker C) attract D) obey the inverse-square law E) act over shorter distances
A) repel of attract
Refraction results from differences in light's A) speed B) incident angles C) frequency D) all of the above E) none of the above
A) speed
The explanation for all types of refraction involves a change in A) speed B) period C) frequency D) all of the above E) none of the above
A) speed
The colors magenta, yellow, and cyan are known as A) subtractive primary colors B) complementary colors C) additive primary colors
A) subtractive primary colors
"Cosmological redshift" refers to A) the elongation of light waves due to the expansion of space itself B) the tendency of light to expand when free of gravitational influences C) the elongation of light waves due to the expansion of galaxies D) the elongation of light waves due to the expansion of red giants
A) the elongation of light waves due to the expansion of space itself
Compared with the power input to an ideal transformer, the power output is A) the same B) less C) greater or less D) greater
A) the same
In a longitudinal wave, the compressions and rarefactions travel in A) the same direction B) opposite directions C) neither
A) the same direction
The source of all waves is a vibration. A) true B) false
A) true
Heat death refers to the universe A) when all matter and energy disperse to the point of maximum entropy B) reaching the point where the process of radioactive decay is no longer possible C) reaching a state where all stars expand and merge into each other D) ending after a massive fire
A) when all matter and energy disperse to the point of maximum entropy
The colors red, green, and blue are known as A) subtractive primary colors B) additive primary colors C) complementary colors
B) additive primary colors
A galvanometer calibrated to read current is A) an ohm meter B) an ammeter C) a voltmeter D) none of the above
B) an ammeter
The "redshift" of a galaxy refers to the rate A) of its fusion B) at which it is receding C) at which it is approaching D) at which it is spinning
B) at which it is receding
Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles A) repel also B) attract C) may attract or repel
B) attract
An electron and a proton A) attract or repel depending on distance B) attract each other C) repel each other
B) attract each other
The virtual image formed by a _______ mirror is larger and farther away than the object. A) place B) concave C) convex
B) concave
The virtual image formed by a _______ mirror is smaller and closer to the mirror than the object. A) concave B) convex C) place
B) convex
When light strikes a rough or irregular surface and reflects in many directions it is known as A) diffuse refraction B) diffuse reflection C) irregular reflection
B) diffuse reflection
The reflection of sound is known as a (an) A) forced vibration B) echo C) pitch
B) echo
According to Einstein, gravity is not the force exerted by one object on another, but rather A) curvature of space caused by objects reaching the speed of light B) effect we witness when a large mass causes a curvature in the shape of spacetime in which it resides C) force of attraction that exists between two objects D) effects of the graviton particle
B) effect we witness when a large mass causes a curvature in the shape of spacetime in which it resides
Dry surfaces look darker than wet surfaces. A) true B) false
B) false
Light travels faster through a diamond than through glass. A) true B) false
B) false
Most objects will emit light A) true B) false
B) false
Rainbows are a colorful example of refraction. A) true B) false
B) false
Roughly half of the elements in the periodic table are known as semiconductors A) true B) false
B) false
A __________ frequency means increased rate of energy transfer. A) lower B) higher
B) higher
Unlike electric charges, magnetic poles cannot be A) destroyed B) isolated C) located
B) isolated
In a museum collection you can likely see a A) meteoroid but not a meteorite B) meteorite but not a meteoroid C) meteor but not a meteroid
B) meteorite but not a meteoroid
A small rock in interplanetary space is called a A) meteor B) meteoroid C) meteorite
B) meteoroid
A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a A) magnet B) motor C) generator D) transformer E) none of the above
B) motor
As you comb your hair, electrons are rubbed onto the comb, which becomes A) ionized B) negatively charged C) positively charged
B) negatively charged
More toll booths on a highway in analogous to a A) series circuit B) parallel circuit C) complex series/parallel circuit
B) parallel circuit
The alignment of transverse electric vectors in electromagnetic waves is known as A) reflection B) polarization C) refraction D) dispersion
B) polarization
If you strip electrons from an atom, the atom becomes a A) negative ion B) positive ion C) different element
B) positive ion
The nucleus of an atom is charged A) negatively B) positively C) both D) none of the above
B) positively
Complementary colors are two that A) share the same color scheme B) produce white light when added C) are subtractive primary colors D) are additive primary colors
B) produce white light when added
___________ occurs when the frequency of forced vibrations on an object matches the object's natural frequency. A) force vibrations B) resonance C) interference
B) resonance
Black holes are remnants of A) white dwarfs B) stars with large masses C) stars with small masses D) black dwarfs
B) stars with large masses
Cosmology is the study of the overall structure and evolution of A) stars B) the universe C) galaxies D) beauty
B) the universe
Polarization is a property of A) longitudinal waves B) transverse waves C) both D) neither
B) transverse waves
Every magnet contains at least A) one pole B) two poles C) two or more poles
B) two poles
A step-down transformer decreases A) power B) voltage C) energy D) current E) all of the above
B) voltage
Sound travels faster when the air is A) cold B) warm C) neither
B) warm
Can electricity be produced by magnetism? A) no B) yes
B) yes
Of the following properties of a wave, the one that is independent of the others is A) frequency B) wavelength C) amplitude D) speed
C) amplitude
The magnetic field inside a current-carrying coil increases when A) current is increased B) the number of loops of wire in the coil increases C) both D) none of the above
C) both
The natural frequency of an object depends on its A) size and shape B) elasticity C) both D) neither
C) both
Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and you'll induce A) voltage B) current C) both D) neither
C) both
The electric force between charges is strongest when the charges are A) far apart B) either C) close together
C) close together
An ampere is a unit of electric A) resistance B) pressure C) current D) all of the above E) none of the above
C) current
As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the power source A) stays the same B) increases C) decreases
C) decreases
A galvanometer measures A) magnetic fields B) electric voltage C) electric current D) none of the above
C) electric current
The lowest frequency is known as the A) harmonic B) quality C) fundamental frequency D) timbre
C) fundamental frequency
The moon's maria are A) bodies of water like the earth's ocean B) hardened sediment C) heavily cratered lava flows D) solid lava flows
C) heavily cratered lava flows
A star's luminosity tells us A) its surface temperature B) both how much energy it produces and its surface temperature C) how much energy a star produces D) its rotational speed
C) how much energy a star produces
A star's color tells us A) both how much energy it produces and its surface temperature B) how much energy a star produces C) its surface temperature D) its rotational speed
C) its surface temperature
Electric potential energy is measured in units of A) volts B) watts C) joules D) amperes E) any or all of these
C) joules
Compared to the density of water, the density of Saturn is A) about the same B) more C) less
C) less
Electric field lines about a point charge extend A) outward when the charge is negative B) in circles C) outward when the charge is positive
C) outward when the charge is positive
The amount of current in each branch of this type of circuit is inversely proportional to the resistance of the branch. A) complex B) series C) parallel
C) parallel
A mirage is a result of atmospheric A) dispersion B) reflection C) refraction D) scattering
C) refraction
In this type of circuit the electric current has a single pathway through the circuit. A) parallel B) complex C) series
C) series
A compression is a squash and a rarefaction is a A) reverse tension B) crunch C) stretch
C) stretch
Supernovae are one of the most extreme events in the known universe. They are caused by A) the implosion of a white dwarf, which has run out of all its fuel B) a supermassive supergiant star undergoing a massive nuclear chain reaction C) the collapse of a massive star's iron core D) any of the above
C) the collapse of a massive star's iron core
Pretend you are on a morning time mission on the surface of Venus. When looking out the spacepod window you are likely to see A) fierce windstorms everywhere you look B) the Sun rising in the East C) thick and still smog-like cloud cover D) the Sun rising in the West
C) thick and still smog-like cloud cover
The distance from crest to crest of any wave is called its A) speed B) frequency C) wavelength D) amplitude
C) wavelength
Why do comet's tails always point away from the Sun? A) Because of the comet's interaction with dark matter B) Because when they move away from the Sun they begin to lose inertia C) Because the inner planets cause the ice and other volatile materials to be pulled towards their orbits D) Because of solar winds and radiation pressure
D) Because of solar winds and radiation pressure
_________ Law states a magnetic field is induced in any region of space in which an electric field is changing with time. A) Faraday B) Henry's C) Tesla's D) Maxwell
D) Maxwell
Electric charge will flow in an electric circuit when A) the circuit is grounded B) electric devices in the circuit are not defective C) electric resistance is low D) a potential difference exists
D) a potential difference exists
The Doppler effect is characteristic of A) sound waves B) light waves C) water waves D) all of the above E) none of the above
D) all of the above
Voltage can be induced in a wire by A) moving a magnet near the wire B) moving the wire near a magnet C) changing the current in a nearby wire D) all of the above E) none of the above
D) all of the above
Wave interference occurs for A) water waves B) lights waves C) sound waves D) all of the above E) none of the above
D) all of the above
The purpose of the third prong on a common electric plus for an appliance is to A) substitute for a safety fuse B) handle three-phase electricity C) provide an alternate live wire D) connect the appliance to zero ground potential E) all of these
D) connect the appliance to zero ground potential
A device that transforms mechanical energy to electrical energy is a A) magnet B) motor C) transformer D) generator E) none of the above
D) generator
A step-up transformer increases A) power B) energy C) both D) neither
D) neither
Maximum magnetic force occurs when electrons move A) in the same direction as the magnetic field B) opposite to the magnetic field direction C) at an angle other than 90 degrees to the magnetic field direction D) perpendicular to the magnetic field direction E) none of the above
D) perpendicular to the magnetic field direction
When the distance between two charges is halved, the electric force between the charges A) is half B) doubles C) is reduced by one-quarter D) quadruples E) none of the above
D) quadruples
Magenta light is a mixture of A) yellow and green light B) red and yellow light C) red and cyan light D) red and blue light E) none of the above
D) red and blue light
Compared with the Population II stars in globular clusters, the Population I stars in the galactic disk are A) richer in hydrogen and helium B) older C) closer together D) richer in the heavier elements
D) richer in the heavier elements
The low points of a wave are known as A) amplitude B) crests C) wavelength D) troughs
D) troughs
Electromagnetic waves consist of A) high-frequency sound waves B) compressions and rarefactions of electromagnetic pulses C) particles of light energy D) vibrating electric and magnetic fields
D) vibrating electric and magnetic fields
Which of the following occupies the smallest percentage of the electromagnetic spectrum? A) gamma rays B) microwaves C) radio waves D) visible light
D) visible light
Evidence of the solar wind on Earth is the A) solar sunspots B) meteor showers in the upper atmosphere C) higher ocean tides in the winter D) preponderance of hurricanes at lower latitudes E) Aurora Borealis
E) Aurora Borealis
To say that an object is electrically polarized is to say A) its internal electric field is zero B) it is only partially conducting C) it is electrically charged D) it is to some degree magnetic E) its charges have been rearranged
E) its charges have been rearranged