Final Exam SOCI 3307
What happened between Sheriff Haraszthy and the Diegueño, Luiseño, and Cupeño Tribes?
1850 San Diego is in dire need of Tax money, so, Sheriff Charles Haszthey goes to the Deigueño, Luiseño, Cupeño Tribes to collect taxes on cattle and other property that they have. Now, much has happened between the Indians and the white people. The Indians have filed grievances against the whites. This is the last straw. Previous to this, Indians were protected under the law, but due to secularization, they were no longer protected. They were upset because whites had desecrated/violated their best lands.
What are the elements in narco-fichera movies?
1980's & 1990's a new movie genre was mass-produced by the Mexican film industry. It incorporated the old cabaretera (dance hall) theme with contemporary topics of drug trafficking, police corruption, foul language, shootouts, road chases, and Mexico- U.S. border migration conflicts.
What county in Texas has the greatest number of farmworkers?
60% of farmworkers reside in four south counties of Texas which are Zapata, Starr, Hidalgo, and Cameron. Hidalgo has 70% residing in that county.
What is a subculture?
A subculture is a segment of society that shares a distinctive pattern of customs, rules, and traditions that differs from the pattern of the larger society.
The Olmecs Cultural achievement?
Calendar concept zero & system of writing hieroglyphics
The Olmecs Location
Centered in the tropical (swampy) lowlands of south-central Mexico around the Gulf of Mexico (Veracruz and Tabasco) •Tres Zapotes, La Venta, Laguna de los Cerros, & San Lorenzo
Name geographical regions in U. S. Mexico border cooking.
Central Mexico, the golf, the south, the south pacific coast, the bajio, the north pacific coast and the north.
What did the Chihuahua Governor Ignacio Enriquez do for Juárez?
Chihuahua Governor Ignacio Enriquez-@ a banquet says he is going to cleanup Juarez, he is ashamed of it. There are 75 saloons, cabarets that he intends to close by the end of November 1922. He said the cabarets would be regulated, and the vice district would be under state supervision and moved to the western section of the city.
Who was Cristian Gonzalez? And what did he want to do with Mexican films?
Christian Gonzalez was a film director appointed in 1989. He considered it imperative to make Mexican movies in English with American actors. A move he considered necessary to recapture the middle class audience and provide a new life to the Mexican movie industry.
What is culture?
Culture is the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects, and behavior. It includes ideas, values, artifacts (DVD's, comic books, and birth control devices) of groups of people. It includes all objects and ideas within society, fine arts, including slang words, ice cream cones and rock music.
What unites Jesus Matias Moreno to Guillermo Norlin?
Fargo Express Co-Owned La Margarita- the shipment of silver was sent to SF via Well Fargo Express. Both of these men were good business men- Moreno was responsible for obtaining the permits from the Mexican federal government and Norlin provided the $$.
Who was the ABW Syndicate?
Frank "Booze" Beyer, Marvin Allen and Carl Withington
Who owns the food companies that sell Mexican American food products?
Glenn Bell
Ramsey Muniz ran for governor of Texas in 1972, what happened as a result of the race?
He lost the race and had 6 percent
What advantages did the Spaniards have against the Natives of the Americas? Explain.
Horses & superior wealth
What are the duties of an Immigration and Naturalization Service Agent?
INS also provide to Mexicans who wish to visit the U.S. border crossing cars and tourist visa called permisos.
Why was it so easy for the Spaniards to pass their diseases to the Natives? Explain
Immune to diseases and Natives isolated from outside world
Where is the busiest inland port located? Describe its yearly traffic.
The San Ysidro is the busiest land port in the world. In 1992 the port was just opened a larger pedestrian area to handle the million and half or so entrants a month. Previously, on the weekends the crowd packed into a long, hot hallway so tightly that, reportedly, as people passed out the crowd would simply move them forward.
What influenced southwest cooking?
The cooking of the southwest, like Mexican cooking in general, embodies a fusion of Native American and Hispanic influences, the legacy of three centuries of first Spanish and then Mexican rule.
What happened at the criminal trial of July 2, 1926 ?
The defendants claimed their innocence. The atmosphere around the courtroom was of anger and there was only one American official residing in the courtroom.
Marre and Company, what did they do?
The first stagecoach service from SD to Santo Tomas
What is a colonia?
The term "colonia," in Spanish means a community or neighborhood. The Office of the Secretary of State defines a "colonia" as a residential area along the Texas-Mexico border that may lack some of the most basic living necessities, such as potable water and sewer systems, electricity, paved roads, and safe and sanitary housing.
The Peteet Family, Who were they? Where did they come from? What was their history?
Thomas M. Peteet, his wife carrie, and their daughters, 26 years old Clyde and 19 year old Audrey. Clyde plays violín and Audrey piano.
Where were the Girls sent?
Ventura reform school
Who was Jose Diaz?
a 22 year old farm worker that was murdered on his way home from a neighbor's party.
What were the Zoot Suits? Where did the Zoot Suits come from?
a high wasted, wide legged, tight cuffed, pegged trousers and a long coat with wide padded shoulders during the 1940's. Inspired by African Americans and made in L.A.
What was "El Cortito"? When was it banned and why?
a hoe that was 24 inches long when the farmworkers would use it they were forced to bend and stoop all day long. This position usually led to lifelong back injuries. It was banned in 1975 because it was a danger to laborers health since it could only be used while bending down. They also agreed that a long-handed hoe was just as suitable.
what was the prohibition tax?
a tax hike designed to moralize the tawdy attractions of Mexicali's and Tijuana, local governments could tax and extract revenue from a seemingly relentless demand for vice services
Who was Hank Leyvas?
accused of murdering Jose Diaz
The Aztecs land system?
agrarian (farming) community most important natural resource was the people
Where do Colonias develop and why?
along the Texas-Mexico Boarder
Describe the posh and pleasure spaces in northern Mexico.
bath house, gymnasium & sports club
How were Jose Diaz and Hank Leyvas involved in the Sleepy Lagoon case?
both were injured around the sleepy lagoon area
What characteristics we use to identify a subculture?
clothing*music and *other visible affectations by members of subcultures*the ways in which these same symbols are interpreted by members of the dominant culture
For 1 or 2 pesos per month, what leisure spaces were available in the City of Chihuahua?
club houses, cafes, bars, sports club
who was Jose Angel Gutierrez?
created la raza unida party
San Diego City Council Resolutions # 36809
crossing boarder identify
What role does Antonio Adalid play in this reading?
disinherited & involved in the 41 scandal but later inherited after mother's death and father's forgiveness.
What is President Coolidge solution?
felt he had acted as far as federal law allowed. He could discourage tourist from going to Mexico but could not prohibit them from doing so. Congressmen swing wanted more, he planned to write a bill extending curfew over 2,000 mile border until Mexico created 50 mile wide vice-free zone along the border. However, the president refused to act more forcefully over the shame suicides. Insisted conditions would improve once Mexican authorities and American tourist forced changes. In the end, under pressure Coolidge accepted to extend curfews at Mexicali, Agua Prieta and other border towns in quick succession.
Why did the students in Crystal City High School walk out?
frustrated and intended on making their cases known, students staged a walkout Dec. 9, 1969. More students joined each day until more that 2,000 students were walking the picket line
Luis Amador-owner Oakland Bar- What role did he play with the Peteet family?
he introduced the family to the Tijuana pólice chief Zeinado Llanos who was drinking in the cantina. Luis Amador offered the a new drink and the Peteets drank it. The mysterious new drink caused Thomas, Clyde and Audrey to lose control.
Zenadio Llanos-Tijuana Chief of Police-What role did he play with the Peteet family?
he was drinking in the cantina "The Oakland Bar". The chief danced with Young Audrey and after joined them at their table.
San Diego City Council Resolutions # 36808,
improve law & order
What was the "poll tax"?
in 1940 and 1950 the American G.I. Forum initiated local "pay your poll tax" drives to register Mexican American voters
What was La Raza Unida? Who were the principal figures?
is Mexican-American third party movement that supported candidates for elective office in Texas, California, and other areas of the Southwestern and Midwestern United States. The main figures were Jose Angel Gutierrez, Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzalez, Reyes Lopez Tijerina and Cesar Chavez
what type of community did the Aztecs have?
land belonged to the people
what is capulli?
large house or neighborhood
How were William H. Davis and the Estudillo Family connected?
married into the wealthy Estudillo family
What is said about Single Norteños?
may have been gay men
What role does Salvador Novo play in this reading?
memoir best printed source of study homosexuality & school boys would prowled lavatories for sex
How does the U. S. Treasury Department react to the allegations of rape on the Peteet girls?
ordered agents to close the border at Tijuana between the hours of 6 p.m. and 8 a.m. (U.S. planned to punish Mexico for court ruling of Peteet girls)
President Plutarco's response to American protest
ordered and anti-vice campaign in Tijuana by February 15th the vice sweep had shut down 52/75 saloons in the border town. Mexican police deported almost 500 foreigners (mostly American bar girls) who worked in Tijuana resorts. Officials announced they would arrest and deport all undesirable aliens. Sent 75 Mexicans to the Islas Tress Marias penal colony without a trial or fixed terms of incarceration. Mexicans acted swiftly to close saloons and protect foreign tourist.
what was governor cantu's policy?
owl & Mexicali's vice tourism economy: a fiscal policy of prohibitive taxation; a segregated vice district and tightly regulated prostitution and a collaborative relationship with the U.S.
The Eastman Kodak Company, what was its role in the history of postcards?
photographic paper that could be used to print negatives
Elias Nandino, What role does he play in this article?
poet & physician: described first homosexual intercourse
Explain the "41 Scandal" of 1901? How was Mexico's President involved in the 41 Scandal?
police raid involving a group of men drunk & dancing wearing woman clothing. It was considered a homosexual act. The president was involved because his son in law was involved in this scandal.
John D'Emilio
professor of gender & woman studies
Elmer Doolin-what did he do?
purchased the formula for Fritos corn chips from nameless Mexican American in 1932.
The "mystery witness" Rudolph Bachman p. 152
saw girl in the Oakland bar on Thursday night. He peeked in the front window in fear of girls safety 15 minute before closing time. He said he saw the chiefs daughter with a large ring that was Audrey Peteets. He was afraid to say anything because he could have been shot and killed. He also over heard both men brag about having sex with the Peteet girls.
Chinampas system
sophisticated irrigation, floating gardens
What is sociology?
study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior
who were Los Cinco?
the creators of MAYO (Mexican American Youth Organization) Los Cinco consisted of Jose Angel Gutierrez, Willie Velasquez, Mario Compean, Ignacio Perez, and Juan Patlan
What are the duties of a Customs Agent?
the customs function of the port of entry involves the examination of conveyances, the declaration of merchandise, its inspection concerning that declaration, the payment of merchandise taxation (tariff duties), as well as the interdiction of contraband.
Describe the elements in cabaretera films made in Mexico in the 1940s.
the forerunners if narco-ficheria movies were the cabaretera films, which were first mass produced in Mexico during the 1940's. The genre gained popularity with its depiction of sordid situations, crass corruption, female nudity, albur jokes, and shabby sexuality. It focused on the underworld and the darkest sides of modern, urban impoverished, yet newly industrialized country. The new policy was to produce what were expected to be commercial box office.
In this reading, a survey is taken on movie viewers, what are the two types of movie viewers and what description is given of them?
the mass working class public that goes to see comedies, actions, violence, drug smugglers. It coincides somewhat with the undocumented Mexican in the United States, among whom the most popular stars are La India Maria and the Almada brothers. The middle class preferred to see Rambo and other American movies.
Volstead Act 1919-What is it?
the national prohibition act, known as the Volstead act was enacted to carry out the intent of the eighteen amendments, which established prohibition is the U.S.
who was Louis Encinas?
the person who murdered Jose Diaz
What is the purpose of ports?
the port is where the laws of the nation first take hold for people to follow them, so the set of laws, categories, and regulations applied at ports is far richer than are the interdictive functions away from ports.
What did the white servicemen have to do with the Zoot Suit Riots?
they attacked Mexican Americans reason riots started
What happened during the Sleepy Lagoon Trial? What was the verdict?
they put all the defendants together and were not permitted clean clothes or haircuts. The verdict of this trial was 17 defendants were pronounced guilty
February 9th arrests
under Mexican rule, federal troops arrested Zeinado Llanos, Luis Amador and 5 other men. Accused were jailed in Tijuana military garrison. Territory judicial officials immediately closed down Amador bar and relieved the chief from his duty.
Explain and elaborate on the tactics used in this area (South Texas and Crystal City, Texas) to keep the Mexican American people from voting.
voting rights are denied, Mexican Americans are not allowed to vote despite having US citizenship. Property laws, language and literacy requirements are the favored way of keeping people from voting.
What is a colonia? Where are colonias located?
• Plywood, tarpaper, old bricks, discarded garage doors and scraps of tin • *water and electricity are often scarce. • Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and California
where were the boys sent?
San Quinton
Who was Lorena Encinas? How was she connected to the Sleepy Lagoon Trial?
She was one of the girls on trial and her brother murdered Jose Diaz
Which were the social spaces offered to men during Porfirain Mexico?
Sports clubs, Gymnasiums, bath houses, school dormitories, seminars, military garrisons & jails
13 pennies
Sued 13 pennies in neckerchief to protect themselves and this item would knock them out
What is the history of postcards?
Evolved in Europe in the last quarter of the 19th century
Describe the efforts made by Dr. Samaniego to improve Chihuahuita.
June 16, 1910---Dr. Samaniego spoke to the EP City Council-Heaps of trash had collected in the Chihuahuita streets and alleys. He said city engineers were to blame rather than the people for the accumulation. People are poor, he said, but they are human beings. The mayor and elders claim they are uninformed of the patterns of trash disposal and both said now was the time to inaugurate a cleaning crusade in the south side.
Trial outcomes
Jury debated for two hours and Defendants cleared of all charges
San Diego Coroner Kelly p. 151 What were the autopsy findings?
Kelly revealed that both girl were raped
who was Ramsey Muniz?
Ran for Texas governor
Who was Charles Frankie?
Known as San Quinton Fricke because he has sent more convicts to San Quentin than any other California man, presides over the case believe to be a man of law.
Juan Bandini, what is the story behind him?
Land grant included mission property. His business was cattle and horses, by 1852 he had 3,000 animals. So then, in 1853 the land grant is VOIDED by President Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana Banner Canyon. Moreno buys this property ten years later.
What is southern Mexico cooking?
Mayan influenced
Why have the narco-ficheria movies achieved success in a country that is considered Catholic, Guadalupano, and prudish (narrow-minded)?
Mexican film industry has been torn by its multiple roles. It has been considered light entertainment. It has been considered light entertainment, producer of mytho-histories, alternative educator and forger of national identities, interpreter of social problems, mediator of class conflict and above all, mediator of social differences.
Where did these movements begin?
New Mexico
What is Norteño cooking?
Norteno cooking is dishes from different parts of the borderlands resemble each other more than they do the foods of other parts of Mexico. One distinctive characteristics of northern Mexican cooking is the use of wheat, flour instead of corn in making tortillas. Great herds of livestock along from the frontier or borderlands made the nortenos more carnivorous.
Coroner's Jury?
On Feb. 12, the coroner jury ruled that Thomas, Clyde and Audrey died Saturday, Feb. 6. Clyde died of Suicidal asphyxiation on Feb. 9th, while despondent with grief and remorse over the fact that she had been outraged by the chief of pólice Llanos of Tijuana. Audrey died in the same manner but named Amador her assialant.
Why are postcards important?
Postcards provided popular imagery about places before personal cameras and television became widely available.
What demands did the Mexican Americans make to the school board?
Recruitment of more Hispanics teachers and counselers, more classes to challenge students and fewer shop and home economics electives, bilingual-bicultural education at the elementary and secondary levels; Mexican American studies classes to reflect the contributions made by Latinos and the addition of a student representative to the school board.
What did the syndicate of renters do?
Syndicate of renters-spring 1922-tenants from Veracruz, Mexico City and Guadalajara inspired by the house renters in Coahuila, *demand improved living conditions and rent reductions to 1910 levels.
The Aztecs Location
Tehuacan Valley or Puebla
The Aztecs achievement?
Temples & pyramids Aztec calendar
Why were 26 people expelled from Mexicali (skin color)
The Calexico paper seemed to echo cantus dislike for "the chocolate colored race" the majority of immigration being dusky-hued and walking with a shuffle, which indicated most of them used to looking straight ahead for fear a guard would give them a demerit mark.
