FINAL

In CSS, what selector is used to reference to a DOM element with id "main"? .main :main >main #main

#main

What is scalar data

A single value at each point

What is a cartogram? A type of table visualization that shows change over time A type of map visualization that shows which items belong to specific sets A type of map visualization that shows a value for a geographical region by distorting the size and shape of that region A type of table visualization that shows multiple attributes at once by using parallel axes

A type of map visualization that shows a value for a geographical region by distorting the size and shape of that region

Which level of the nested design would we validate by analyzing computational complexity? Visual encoding/ interaction Algorithm Domain situation Data/ task abstraction

Algorithm

What is an example of producing new material when visualizing data? Enjoying visualization by using a vis tool for an unintended purpose presenting a story about a dataset Annotating a graph with cluster labels discovering relationships between data attributes

Annotating a graph with cluster labels

Which reducation technique is Principle Component Analysis most connected with? Attribute filtering Item aggregation Item filtering Attribute aggregation

Attribute Aggregation

What is not one of Tufte's Integrity Principles? The size of the graphic effect should be directly proportional to the numerical quantitites Show data variation, not design variation Clear, detailed, and thorough labeling and appropriate scales Axes should always start at zero

Axes should always start at zero

Searching for all seafood restaurants near New Bedford is an example of which search task? lookup Explore Browse Locate

Browse

which of the following is false about the DOM? Changes to DOM overwrite the original HTML file The DOM can be accessed trhough the document global variable The DOM can be changed after a page is loaded none of the above

Changes to the DOM overwrite the original HTML file

Which of the following is the set of colors that can be produced on a monitor? Color space Color gamut Color model Color wheel

Color gamut

What is a key difference between computer graphics and data visualization? Computer Graphics uses special hardware that data visualization does not use Computer graphics uses sensor data while data visualization does not Computer graphics uses color while data visualization is only grayscale Computer graphics seeks realism while data visualization seeks insight

Computer graphics seeks realism while data visualization seeks insight

Definition of Visualization

Computer-based visualization systems provide visual representations of data sets designed to help people carry out tasks more effectively

What is the purpose of computing?

Computing is about insight not numbers

When a categorical attribute has too many values, how might you still use a color channel? Create an "Other" category for less frequent values use a bivariate colormap use a sequential colormap use a diverging colormap

Create an "Other" category for less frequent values

Which of the following is an example of elision? Fisheye distortion Interactive lenses HiVE Systems DOITrees

DOITrees

Which of the following is a potential problem with using distortion? Some of the data items will be hidden when using distortion Distance and length judgments are harder It cannot be used with node-link diagrams all of the above

Distance and length judgments are harder

How do we create modern visualization

Excel, Tableau, d3.js, deck.gl, vegalite etc...

Given an array of numbers a, if I wanted to create a new array with only even numbers from a, which JavaScript method would be most efficient? Map Filter Reduce forEach

Filter

What is color blindness in humans usually caused by? Having a clouded lens Having a missing or anomalous type of cone Having a missing or anomalous type of rod Having a detached retina

Having a missing or anomalous type of cone

Why are hexagonal bins preferable to square bins for two-dimensional aggregation? Each hexagon side is of equal length, but this is not the case for squares Hexagons have more sides than squares so they have more neighbors Squares leave gaps (they do not tessellate the plane) Hexagons are closer to circles than squares so the range of distances of points inside a hexagon is smaller than the same distance in a square

Hexagons are closer to circles than squares so the range of distances of points inside a hexagon is smaller than the same distance in a square

How was the relative effectiveness of different channels determined? Human studies Surveys Change blindness A council of visualization experts

Human Studies

Where is the main-effects ordering used? In an animated transition In an overview-detail view In a matrix alignment approach for visualization regions None of the above

In a matrix alignment approach for visualization regions

Which of the following statements about scatterplots is false? Log-scale axes should never be used Scatterplots are very effective for judging correlation Scatterplots are used to show two quantitative attributes None of the above

Log-scale axes should never be used

What are some resource limitations of visualizations

Memory constraints, Number of pixels, density of information

What is the advantage of the second version of visualization?

More abstraction levels. New way to look at the data

Which of the following is true? A heatmap does not work with a diverging attribute Ordering rows and columns in a heatmap can help show patterns A Bertin matrix is used for network data A cluster heatmap is a geographical visualization

Ordering rows and columns in a heatmap can help show patterns

How to load multiple files and then process all of them?

Promise.all([d3.csv("/data/cities.csv"), d3.tsv("/data/animals.tsv")]) .then(analyze); function analyze(data) { cities = data[0]; animals = data[1]; console.log(cities[0]); console.log(animals[0]); }

Which visualization technique uses small multiples? Cartogram Scatterplot matrix Parallel coordinates Adjacency matrix

Scatterplot matrix

Which is a difference between scientific visualization and information visualization? Scientific visualization allows more flexibility in design because the data has no set spatial representation Scientific visualization usually deals with continuous data while information visualization often deals with discrete data Information visualization usually shows physical phenomena like medical data all of the above

Scientific visualization usually deals with continuous data while information visualization often deals with discrete data

What is an issue with using a choropleth map of the U.S. states to encode each of three political candidates' popularity using three different colormaps to determine the overall popularity of the candidate? Population Density Resolution Separability Overlap

Seprability

The modifiable areal unit problem relates to which of the following? Semantic zooming Spatial aggregation Histograms Focus + Context

Spatial aggregation

For which task type is the scope all possible targets? Compare Isolate Identify Summarize

Summarize

Which type of tree visualization could be described as an icicle plot in a radial layout? Sunburst Radial Node-Link Treemap Nested Circles

Sunburst

Types of Data

Tables, Networks, Spatial Data, Text, Sets

Why do we visualize data?

The human eye can translate data in 10 million bits per second. More information in a shorter amount of time than any of the other senses

What is the purpose of visualization

Visualization is about insight not pictures

After running this code what is the value of z? var x = [4,6,1,2,8,5]; var y = x.filter(function(d) { return d > 4;}); var z = y.map(function(d) { return d - 3;});

[3,5,2]

Visual popout occurs when: each of the possible values for the data can be distinguished a visualization's elements vary in both shape and color a feature is immediately apparent to almost all users a visualization is in three dimentions

a feature is immediately apparent to all users

What type of language is SVG? a high level programming language a markup language an interpreted programming language a statically typed programming language

a markup language

in <a href = "www.umassd.edu"> UMassD </a>, what is a? an attribute a tag a style a property

a tag

What is being selected by CSS selector #left em? all elements with class left that have an em element as a descendant all em elements that are descendants of an element with id left all em elements with class left all em elements with id left

all em elements that are descendants of an element with id left

Which metric could be used in determining network layout? The number of node overlaps The number of edge crossings The total area of the layout all of the above

all of the above

in <a href = "www.umassd.edu">UMassD</a> what is href? a property a style a tag an attribute

an attribute

For which type of data is a boxplot visualization not a good choice? Bimodal data skewed data normally-distributed data high-variance (spread out) data

bimodal data

How to load in csv data in d3?

d3.csv("/data/cities.csv").then(function(data) { console.log(data[0]); });

Which of the following is an example of a cyclic attribute? age house price book page number day of the week

day of the week

what principle should visualization designers focus on with respect to supporting user tasks? emotional engagement stroytelling effectiveness beauty

effectiveness

Which dataset type is more common in scientific visualization than information visualization? field table set network

field

In an SVG, which style property controls the color inside the element? stoke fill background color color

fill

What is an advantage of the strip layout algorithm for treemaps over the squarified algorithm? It is a more stable layout as data changes It archives a better aspect ratio It shows the hierarchy better It supports multi-level hierarchies

it is a more stable layout as data changes

Which of the following is false? Highlighting provides visual feedback that indicates a user's action links should not be selectable motion can be used to highlight items a visualization should be responsive with low latency

links should not be selectable

What type of information is required when data types and semantics cannot be inferred by observing a data file's syntax or column names? position link key metadata

metadata

Which of the following is false? Selections should trigger highlighting motion should not be used to highlight items both items and links may be selected The visualizations should be responsive with low latency

motion should not be used to highlight items

Which of the following attributes is not diverging? elevations above and below sea level Celsius temperature net profit/ loss runners' splits at the halfway point in a marathon

runners' splits at the halfway point in a marathon

For which of the following datasets would a line chart be most appropriate? test scores by city: {Boston: 94, New York: 92, Hartford: 90} fruit by pieces of fruit: {bananas: $0.49, apples: $1.49, oranges: $0.99} marker preference by color: {red: 45%, blue 32%, green 23%} store revenue by year: { 2000: $12K, 2001: $14K, 2002: $23K}

store revenue by year: { 2000: $12K, 2001: $14K, 2002: $23K}

Which of the following is true about CSS? Style rules set on a parent element may affect child elements Usually, it is best to embed style rules in the style attribute of each element An element may have at most one class all of the above

style rules set on a parent element may affect child elements

What is the most important feature of D3? closures method chaining loading tabular data the correspondence between data and DOM elements

the correspondence between data and DOM elements

How to nest this data and get the mean using d3? var expenses = [{"name":"jim","amount":34,"date":"11/12/2015"}, {"name":"carl","amount":120.11,"date":"11/12/2015"}, {"name":"jim","amount":45,"date":"12/01/2015"}, {"name":"stacy","amount":12.00,"date":"01/04/2016"}, {"name":"stacy","amount":34.10,"date":"01/04/2016"}, {"name":"stacy","amount":44.80,"date":"01/05/2016"} ];

var expensesAvgAmount = d3.nest() .key(function(d) { return d.name; }) .rollup(function(v) { return d3.mean(v, function(d) { return d.amount; }); }) .entries(expenses); console.log(JSON.stringify(expensesAvgAmount)); Result: [{"key":"jim","values":39.5}, {"key":"carl","values":120.11}, {"key":"stacy","values":30.3}]