Final Study Guide Biology

Simple diffusion of molecules occurs

in non-living systems as well as living systems

Which of the following is not true about a good hypothesis?

it can be proven to be true

In the absence of sunlight, plants are not able to engage in the dark reactions due to

lack of ATP

Which organ or structure aids in digestion but is not part of the human alimentary canal?

liver

Which of the following is a correct match?

lysosomes for cellular digestions

When Mendel crossed tall (Tt) plants with tall plants of the same genotype, the offspring a. did not grow and reproduce, because they were separate species

were a variable mix of tall and short

Which of the following would be considered a trace element in living things?

zinc

Which stage of respiration produces the most number of ATP

electron transport chain

A covalent bond occurs when

electrons are shared between two atoms to complete their octects

The person who made a lasting impression in the science of genetics with his study of traits in pea plants was

Gregor Mendel

Fermentation is primarily involved in the recycling of

NAD+

A lichen is made up of which two types of organisms?

a fungus and either green algae or cyanobacteria

Prokaryotes lack which of the following?

a nucleus

A theory is an advanced hypothesis that has been proven to be true

atom-molecule-organelle-cell-tissue

A plant which produces seeds without fruit would be in the category of

gymnosperms

Complementary DNA strands are held together by

hydrogen bonds

The building blocks of nucleic acids are

nucelotides

Which of the following is necessary for the complete breakdown of glucose?

oxygen

An enzyme that breaks down protein is

pepsin

Sponges belong to the phylum

porifera

A relationship between two species in which one species lives in or on the other is

predation

Both plants and animals need mitochondria to

produce ATP

In an ecosystem, these organisms are responsible for converting solar energy to the stored energy found in organic compounds

producers

Meiosis is a process used for

production of gametes

Mutation rates are typically low due to

proofreading by DNA repair and silent mutations

A gene in DNA is the code for assembling a sequence of

proton number

The part of the plant that absorbs water and nutrients

root

The pH scale is a mathematical indicator of the

the concentration of H+ present in a solution

Which of the following allows eukaryotic cells and their organelles to move?

the cytoskeleton

Bacteria are able to successfully transcribe and translate human genes

the genetic code is nearly universal

Groups of cells that work together to provide a specific function are called

tissues

Which of the following processes occurs in the nucleus and forms a complementary copy of one strand of the DNA molecule for gene expression?

transcription

Less energy is needed to bring about a reaction when an enzyme is present

true

When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution

water enters the cell toward the area of higher solute concentrate

In a monohybrid cross, how many traits are examined?

1

A healthy, young couple are carriers of cystic fibrosis, a disorder with an autosomal recessive inheritance; the chance that each of their future children will inherit this serious illness is a.

25%

During glycolysis, what is the net production of ATP per glucose molecule?

32 to 36

Carbon returns to the atmosphere

all of the above

Which of the following is an example of a characteristic of life

all of the above

Fungi and animals are similar in that they both

are heterotrophs

Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element?

atom

Select the correct association

carbohydrates—include glucose, sucrose, and starch

Scientists created an enzyme that will break down any type of carbohydrate. If given to humans, which of the following could be used as a new food source?

cellulose

In the biology lab, you observed that your lab partner's blood type is AB. The placement of the A and B molecules on each cell is controlled by proteins, coded by different versions of the same gene. Having both is an example of

codonimant inheritance

Which of the following processes is involved in the bulk transport of molecules out of the cell?

exocytosis

All protists are single-celled

false

Thinking about life's organizational hierarchy in a biological system, which of the following is the correct sequence from the smallest unit to the largest unit?

false

Generally, energy ______ an ecosystem, and nutrients _____ an ecosystem a. Cycles within; cycle within

flows through; cycle within

Mammals that lay eggs are

monotremes

Isotopes of an element differ in their

neutron number