FineArts

Frank Lloyd Wright

"Sprite" sculptures were included in one of this architect's since-demolished projects, the Midway Gardens. The entrance to one building designed by this architect features a reflecting pool and staggered blocks that resembled Mayan pyramids. In 2017, a (*) MoMA exhibit displayed a collection of this architect's designs, including one for a cantilevered house for Edgar Kaufman that has a stream running through the living room. A museum by this architect on 5th Avenue features a spiralling ramp. The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum was designed by, for 10 points, what American Prairie School architect of Fallingwater?

art critics

. A member of this profession, Felix Feneon, names a prestigious prize for both a visual artist and a writer. That member of this profession was painted by Paul Signac. John Everett Millais married Effie Gray, the former wife of a man in this profession, John (*) Ruskin. In addition to being a celebrated novelist, Emile Zola also had this profession. Another member of this profession, Louis Leroy, famously mocked Monet's Impression, Sunrise. Men in this profession have coined the terms that are used to describe various artistic movements such as impressionism and fauvism. For 10 points, name this profession that reviews and analyzes works done in media such as painting and sculpture.

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni

. At the age of 13, this man was apprenticed to Ghirlandaio. A few years later, he sculpted the Madonna of the Steps, his first independent work. This artist sculpted a horned Moses for the tomb of Pope (*) Julius II. He depicted a man cradled in a much larger woman's lap in his depiction of the Pietà, which notably omits Christ's Passion. This man sculpted a contrapposto Biblical figure on the verge of fighting Goliath. For 10 points, name this Renaissance sculptor of the ceiling of the Sistine chapel, and the marble David.

Spain

10. An architect from this nation designed the Bridge of Strings in Jerusalem. This nation is also home to a museum with a giant puppy sculpted by Jeff Koons from flowers and a cathedral with a Passion Facade designed by Josep Maria Subirachs. Another architect from this nation designed a building commonly called La Pedrera, as it's facade mimics the organic curves of a stone quarry. This home of the (*) Casa Mila contains an unfinished cathedral with 18 spires called the Sagrada Familia, as well as a Guggenheim museum designed by Frank Gehry. For 10 points, name this home of Santiago Calatrava, Antoni Gaudi, and the Guggenheim Bilbao.

George Washington

10. This man is shown with a rainbow at his feet, wearing purple, and surrounded by the goddesses Victoria and Liberty, who are part of a circle with thirteen maidens in a fresco by Constantino Brumidi. As a child, he is shown behind a red curtain being scolded by his father in Parson Weems' Fable. The (*) "Athenaeum" portrait of this man is unfinished, but not the "Landsdowne" portrait. This man's "Apotheosis" is shown in the Capitol Rotunda, and portraits of him were painted by Gilbert Stuart. For 10 points, name this president whom Emmanuel Leutze painted "Crossing the Delaware."

Japan

11. One artist from this country painted the Dropout Bear being launched from a cannon in his "Superflat" style on the cover of Kanye West's album Graduation. An artist born in this country had people cut off pieces of her clothing in the Cut Piece. This nation's "Pictures of the Floating World" genre of woodblock print is exemplified by an image of three (*) boats about to be hit by a wave, with a snow-capped mountain in the background, entitled The Great Wave of Kanagawa. For 10 points, name this home country of Takashi Murakami, Yoko Ono, and Katsushika Hokusai, the painter of Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji.

Ansel Easton Adams

12. This artist of Rose and Driftwood portrayed two curvy structures each topped with a cross in his depiction of the Taos Pueblo Landmark. He developed a system with Fred Archer which divides the gradation of color into ten different zones. This artist created a photo-essay of the Manzanar (*) Japanese-American internment camp and co-founded a group called f/64 [F-stop-64] with other photographers. One of his most notable works depicts a large granite monolith surrounded by trees, El Capitan. For ten points, name this American photographer renowned for his black-and-white photos in Yosemite, including Moon and Half Dome.

park

8. One of these places in Oslo contains a sculpture arrangement by Gustav Vigeland, while another of these in Barcelona contains a mosaic fountain in the shape of a salamander. Those examples of these places are called Frogner and Guell. One of these in London contains the Speakers' Corner, adjoins Kensington Gardens, and was the site of the (*) Crystal Palace. The Metropolitan Museum of Art is located on the grounds of the most famous one of these in the United States, which is bordered on the east by Fifth Avenue and was designed by Calvert Vaux and Frederick Law Olmsted. For ten points, identify these usually grassy areas exemplified by a Central one in New York City.

The Third of May, 1808

A Cubist reinterpretation of this painting depicts two small blue children running around their pregnant mothers. Edouard Manet [ed-WARD man-AY] imitated this painting in a series that shows Emperor Maximilian wearing a sombrero. The Charge of the Mamelukes is set the day before this work. A large box lamp lights its center. In this painting, a man in gray lies (*) sprawl-eagled, covered in blood, imitating the posture of a man wearing a white shirt and yellow pants. A Christ figure faces a firing squad in this painting set during the Napoleonic conquest of Spain. For 10 points, name this painting by Goya titled for a date in 1808.

ragtime

A Guest of Honor was a lost opera in this genre of music, which is emulated in the sixth movement of Claude Debussy's Children's Corner titled Golliwog's Cakewalk. An A-flat major piece in this genre involves the left hand playing a steady march and was published by John (*) Stark. Joseph Lamb composed "heavy" and "light" pieces in this musical style, which also titles a novel by E.L. Doctorow. This musical style of pieces like "The Entertainer" is characterized by a syncopation of melodic accents between metrical beats. For 10 points, name this precursor to jazz, the genre of a "Maple Leaf" piece by Scott Joplin.

Joseph Mallord William Turner

A James Thomson poem inspired this man to paint a scene in which humans can be seen thronging around the title structure in his Fountain of Indolence. "The flag which braved the battle and the breeze / No longer owns her" was ascribed to a ship being towed away after the Battle of (*) Trafalgar in one of this artist's paintings. People dispute whether a white rabbit can be seen on the Maidenhead Bridge in one of this artist's paintings, which shows a train appearing from the distance. For 10 points, name this English artist of Rain, Steam, and Speed.

museums

A London power station, including the crane in its Turbine Hall, was remodelled into one of these buildings by Herzog & De Meuron. One of these buildings in New York recently changed hands and was partially renamed for its architect, Marcel Breuer ["BROY-ur"]. A complex of this kind in Washington D.C. consists of John Russell Pope's (*) West Building and a modernist East Building. One of these buildings in New York consists of a skylight and a long, all-white spiral ramp, and was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. I.M. Pei designed a glass pyramid for one of these complexes in Paris. For 10 points, name these buildings that include the Guggenheim and the Louvre.

New York City (accept NYC; accept Manhattan)

A Princeton architecture student named Diane Hartley pointed out that one building in this city was vulnerable to quartering winds because it had been built on large stilts to accommodate a church. This city home to the Citigroup Center is the location of a skyscraper designed by Walter Gropius for (*) Pan Am Airlines. Unusually strong wind currents are caused in this city by a triangularly-shaped building, and Daniel Libeskind designed a 1,776-foot tall skyscraper in this city. For 10 points, name this location of MetLife Building, the Flatiron Building, and One World Trade Center.

Russia

A Symbolist composer from this country wrote atonal piano sonatas influenced by his synesthesia, and that man planned to bring about the end of the world with a performance of his work Mysterium. The Rubinstein brothers founded rival conservatories in this country's two largest cities, and this country was the home of the composer of March Slav, who used a 5/4 (*) limping waltz in his Symphonie Pathetique. That composer from this country used "La Marseille" to represent Napoleon's invasion in one work, and composed a ballet that includes the "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy". For ten points, name this country that was home to Alexander Scriabin and the composer of the 1812 Overture and The Nutcracker, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

Arnold Schoenberg

A work by this composer was used for Anthony Tudor's ballet Pillar of Fire. In that work by this composer based on a Richard Dehmel poem, the silence between two stanzas marks when a woman's lover decides to forgive her infidelity. In another work by this composer, the narrator "cannot remember everything" while describing a ghetto uprising, and that work concludes with a men's choir singing Shema Yisroel ["shay-mah Israel"]. This composer of(*) Transfigured Night and A Survivor from Warsaw used Sprechstimme ["spreck-stimm-uh"] throughout a 21-song cycle of Albert Giraud poems, his Pierrot Lunaire ["Pierre-OH Loon-aire"]. For 10 points, name this founder of the Second Viennese School, who invented the twelve-tone technique of composition.

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

A work by this man that was designed to provide water for horses features three bees perched on a seashell. He's not Michelangelo, but this man created a work depicting David standing on a harp as he prepares his sling. Besides designing the tomb of Pope Alexander VII , this artist showed Cerberus looking on as his master kidnaps the title woman in (*) The Rape of Proserpina, and a group of river gods sit around an obelisk in a work located in the Piazza Navona, his Fountain of the Four Rivers. In his most famous work, bronze rays of light shine down on an angel holding an arrow, who stands over the title nun lost in a trance. For 10 points, name this Italian sculptor of The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.

harpsichord (accept cembalo or cembali, prompt on keyboard until basso continuo is mentioned)

A work in D minor for this instrument imitates Spanish guitars with cluster-like chords and begins with repeated D's. Couperin's "Les Baricades Misterieuses" and an E-major aria and variations by Handel known as "The Harmonious (*) Blacksmith" were written for it. This instrument breaks from its traditional role as part of the basso continuo with a notable cadenza in the fifth Brandenburg Concerto. This instrument was eclipsed by a Bartolomeo Cristofori invention with greater dynamic control, the pianoforte. For 10 points, name this popular Baroque keyboard instrument in which sound is produced by plucking strings.

green

According to Kandinsky's color theory, this color represents an absolute absence of movement. This is the sole color of the background wall in Raphael's Portrait of Pope Julius II and the color of the robe worn by St. John the Baptist in the Ghent Altarpiece. It's not black, but in John Singleton Copley's Portrait of Paul Revere, this is the color of the titular figure's (*) vest. In I and the Village, the man in the right foreground has a face of this color, which is also the color of the wife's dress in The Arnolfini Wedding. Magritte obscured the central figure's face in his The Son of Man with an apple of this color. For 10 points, name this color, the opposite of red on a color wheel.

Orpheus (accept L'Orfeo; accept Orpheus in the Underworld)

After being abandoned by Hope, this character sings the aria "Possente spirto" trying to convince another character to let him cross a river. The Duke of Gonzaga's viewing of Jacopo Peri's opera titled for this man's wife inspired the aforementioned opera titled after him. In the third act of Le feste d'Apollo, (*) Gluck reused music from his earlier opera about this character and his wife. An "Infernal Galop" better known as the "can-can" appears in a Jacques Offenbach operetta about this character in the Underworld, and he is the main character of an early Monteverdi opera. For 10 points, name this mythological musician, the husband of Eurydice.

The Sound of Music

After flattering someone, one character in this musical says, "Oh, how clumsy of me. I meant to accuse you." Before getting caught in a rainstorm, another character in this musical exclaims, "Bachelor dandies, drinkers of brandies -- what do I know of those?" Suggested words to describe one character in this musical include (*) "flibbertigibbet" and "will o' the wisp." Later, that character teaches with Solfege syllables, urging, "When you know the notes to sing, you can sing most anything!" and says "raindrops on roses and whiskers on kittens" are "a few of [her] favorite things." Set during the Anschluss, for 10 points, name this musical about Maria and the von Trapp family.

Frank Lloyd Wright

After the 14 July Revolution, this architect adapted plans for a Baghdad Opera House into Arizona State University's Gammage Auditorium. A hypothetical skyscraper planned by this architect would have used atomic elevators and been called "The Illinois". This architect coined the term "carport" while designing the L-shaped Jacobs House, one of his (*) "Usonian Homes." Costs for the Jacobs House were limited by using bricks from another one of this architect's projects, a building with columns topped by lilypads that serves as the headquarters for the Johnson Wax Company. For 10 points, name this architect of a building cantilevered over the Bear Run, Fallingwater.

Luncheon on the Grass

Alain Jacquet was inspired by this painting to create a series of ninety-five silkscreens depicting Pierre Restany and Mario Schifano. A lute player in Titian's Pastoral Concert inspired the poses of the central figures of this painting. Along with Whistler's Symphony in White No. 1, this painting was exhibited at the (*) Salon de Refuses. Victorine Meurent modeled for one woman in this painting, which shows a woman bathing in the stream in the background. For 10 points, name this Edouard Manet painting which shows a nude woman enjoying a picnic with two men.

The Parthenon

Alan LeQuire sculpted a replica of a work originally housed in this structure, which is aligned with the Hyades star cluster. This structure was once covered with imbrices and tegulae, and features 92 metopes ("meh-toe-PEES"). Its inner walls contain a mural depicting the Lapith Wedding. After explosives in this building were ignited by Venetian bombardment, some of its sculptures were removed and kept by the Earl of Elgin. The most famous sculpture in this structure was created by Phidias, and was a tremendous statue of gold and ivory that clutched a small figure of Nike. For 10 points, name this ruined temple located on the Athenian Acropolis.

preludes

Alberto Ginastera ["hee-nuh-STER-uh"] wrote twelve "American" works in this genre, while another one of these works was meant to accompany an "Interlude" and "Final Paraphrase" that were never written. Works in this genre are known as vorspiel ["VOAR-shpeel"] in German. (*) "The Girl with the Flaxen Hair" is an example of this type of work, as is a piece that opens with a chromatic motif in the flute and is based on a Stephen Mallarmé poem. Claude Debussy composed "[This type of work] to the Afternoon of a Faun." For 10 points, name this genre of short pieces that often precede longer works.

six (accept word forms like sixth; accept Les Six

Alexander Scriabin was so afraid of his piano sonata of this number that he never played it in public. The finale of one symphony of this number calls for a humongous mallet to deliver the "hammer blows of fate," and this number denotes the submediant of a scale. The composer of Pacific 231, Arthur Honegger, and (*) Darius Milhaud ["mee-YO"] were members of a French group named for this number. For a major key, the note of this scale degree gives that key's relative minor. Symphonies of this number include Mahler's "Tragic" and Beethoven's "Pastorale." For 10 points, give the number of strings on a guitar as well as players in a sextet.

symphony no. 5

All of the movements except one in Bruckner's piece of this type and number begin with the strings playingpizzicato. Mendelssohn's piece of this type and number features the hymn A Mighty Fortress is Our God and wascomposed for the tricentennial of the Augsburg Confession. In his piece of this type and number, Mahler began theTrauermarsch first movement with a trumpet solo. That work contains an adagietto fourth movement, and Mahleralso paid homage to another work of this type and number that begins with the fate motif. For 10 points, name thistype of musical composition of a specific number, of which Beethoven's begins with a short-short-short-longrhythm.

Marc Chagall

Ambroise Vollard commissioned this artist to illustrate the Old Testament, and he painted a "white collar" on his wife Bella Rosenfeld, whom he met in his hometown of Vitebsk. This artist showed the Eiffel Tower in the background of a self-portrait depicting him with (*) "Seven Fingers," and a synagogue burns in the background of his White Crucifixion. Imagery like a milkmaid, a man holding a scythe, and an upside down woman appear in this artist's most famous painting, in which a horse looks into the face of a green-skinned man holding the Tree of Life. For 10 points, name this Russian-French artist who painted I and the Village.

violoncello

An 18th-century string quintet containing an A-major Minuet was composed by a notable performer of this instrument, Luigi Boccherini. One concerto for this instrument has a quasi-pentatonic melody beginning [read slowly] B-C-sharp-D-B, and that B-minor concerto was written by (*) Antonin Dvorak. An ascending E-minor arpeggio solo on this instrument begins Rossini's overture to William Tell, and Jacqueline du Pré popularized a concerto for this instrument written by Edward Elgar. A G-major Prelude begins a set of six solo suites for this instrument by Bach. For 10 points, name this instrument performed by musicians like Yo-Yo Ma.

Antonin (Leopold) Dvorák

An E minor Lento maestoso section opens a chamber piece by this composer whose first three movements are connected. The final movement of a symphony by this composer opens with an accelerando as the strings repeatedly play a half step from B to C. This composer's fourth piano trio is nicknamed for (*) folk tunes called "Dumky". A piece by this man based on the pentatonic scale was inspired by his vacation in Spillville, Iowa. Though this composer of the "American" String Quartet failed to write an opera based on The Song of Hiawatha, that poem inspired the second movement of his ninth symphony, which was later adapted into the song "Goin' Home". For 10 points, name this Czech composer of the "New World" Symphony.

The Virgin Mary (or Madonna before read; accept Madonna of the Chancellor Rolin; accept Madonna of the Goldfinch; accept Madonna of the Long Neck; accept Madonna of the Rocks)

An Edvard Munch painting named for this figure contains a decorative border showing sperm swimming on an orange background. This figure, the largest person depicted in Duccio's Maesta, is shown about to be crowned in a van Eyck painting commissioned by the (*) Chancellor Rolin. A Mannerist portrait by Parmigianino is named after the unusually long neck he gave this figure, who is shown with St. Jerome in a da Vinci painting titled for her "of the rocks." Michelangelo sculpted a Pieta showing this figure cradling her dead son. For 10 points, name this subject usually referred to as "Madonna" when depicted holding the infant Christ.

New World Symphony

An F, A-flat, A-flat motif with dotted rhythm played on a cor anglais provides the theme for this work's second movement. That Largo movement begins in D-flat Major and ends in C-sharp minor. This piece's fourth and final movement in E minor is marked Allegro con Fuoco, and is written in sonata form. Harry Burleigh influenced this piece by teaching its composer (*) African American spirituals. A solo flute plays the melody to "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot" in this symphony's first movement. For 10 points, name this symphony inspired by experiences in America, composed by Antonin Dvorak.

Gioachino Rossini

An overture by this composer involves a tutti march in E minor, which is preceded by a soft snare drum roll that imitates a chirping bird. That overture is part of an opera in which "Deh, tu reggi il momento" is sung by Ninetta, who is put on trial for a missing spoon. In another opera by this composer of The Thieving Magpie, a character disguises himself as Lindoro before being sung "Largo al factotum" by his former servant. That nobleman, Count Almaviva, uses the title character as a witness to his marriage of Rosina. For 10 points, name this Italian composer of The Barber of Seville.

houses (or homes; accept anything indicating that these are estates or private residences; accept casas)

Antoni Gaudi designed a building of this type with balconies featuring bone-shaped columns and a roof imitating the back of a dragon. In addition to that building named for Josep Batlló ["batch-YO"], another building of this type was was set on fire by the Barbadan Julian Carlton. (*) Mies van der Rohe built one of these structures named for Edith Farnsworth, and Philip Johnson built one in Connecticut with sides made of glass. Taliesin was an example of this type of building, and Frank Lloyd Wright designed one over a waterfall in Mill Run, Pennsylvania. For 10 points, name this kind of building exemplified by Fallingwater.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Antonio Canova created a statue of this figure, who holds a golden orb with the goddess Nike perched on it. A painting of this man features him distributing Eagle Standards, while in another he holds a staff topped by a hand with two extended fingers. Another painting of this man features flickering candles and a clock reading 4:13 AM to demonstrate that he has pulled an all-nighter. This man is often depicted with a hand in his waistcoat, and his coronation was painted by Jacques-Louis David. For 10 points, name this French ruler who points toward the sky while riding a horse in a painting depicting him "Crossing the Alps."

symphonies by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Apart from the introduction, Michael Haydn was the true composer of a piece erroneously labeled as one of these works. The Mannheim rocket begins the final section of one of these works, whose first movement contains a sixteenth-sixteenth-eighth note motif. The last of these pieces contains a (*) five-voice fugato in its finale and received its mythological nickname from Johann Peter Salomon. The "Great G minor," the 40th of these works, is one of the only two in a minor key. For 10 points, name these orchestral works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart that include the "Jupiter."

Franz Joseph Haydn

Archangels appear as soloist parts in this composer's chorale "The Heavens are Telling," which is part of a workthat opens with "The Representation of Chaos." He composed an anthem for Franz II that became theDeutschlandlied and used the melody of that anthem in his "Emperor" Quartet, written in a musical form that hedeveloped. This composer's works were catalogued by Anthony van Hoboken. This composer placed a suddenfortissimo chord in the middle of an otherwise soft movement in his "Surprise Symphony." For 10 points, name thiscourt composer of Prince Esterhazy, considered the "Father of the String Quartet" and "Father of the Symphony."

self-portraits

Artemisia Gentileschi depicted the "Allegory of Painting" in one work of this type. A painting by Anthony Van Dyck of this sort is titled for the large sunflower in the foreground, while Norman Rockwell's "triple" variant of this work features a French fireman's helmet. One of these works features an emotionless woman wearing a (*) thorn necklace while flanked by a monkey and a black cat, while others by the same artist show a woman with cropped hair or as a wounded deer; those works are by Frida Kahlo. A series of these works features a man with a bandaged ear, and Rembrandt made nearly 100 paintings of this type. For 10 points, name these types of works in which artists depict themselves.

Carmina Burana

At one point in this musical work, the choir sings that it would give up the whole world to have the queen of England lie in its arms. Another movement has a boys' choir echoing the baritone soloist's line, "Oh! oh! oh! Totus floreo." The "In the Tavern" section of this work uses only male chorus and soloists. This piece's opening movement begins with a "Pesante" section with pounding drums and massive chords sung by the choir, which gives way to a faster, whispered section. That movement is addressed to the Roman personification of luck. For 10 points, name this cantata set to medieval poetry by Carl Orff, best known for its "O Fortuna" movement.

The Raft of the Medusa

At the bottom of this work, a piece of white, diaphanous cloth covers the upper half of a man, whom some critics claim to be a woman. A bearded man in a red veil rests his arm in a "Thinker" pose on his son's corpse in this work. The figures in this painting form two (*) pyramids, and a barrel lies at the center of one of those pyramids. In this painting, a man waves a red and white cloth to attract the attention of a ship in the distance. For 10 points, name this work depicting shipwreck survivors originally headed for Senegal by French Romanticist Théodore Géricault.

The Marriage of Figaro

At the end of Act II of this opera, a duet gradually turns into a tutti septet as singers come onstage one-by-one. This opera's presto overture, often performed independently, is in sonata form but has no slow movement. A soldier is warned that he can't sleep around anymore in this opera's bass aria "Non piu andrai", which is addressed to (*) Cherubino. In its final act, the Countess swaps clothes with Susanna. Like an earlier work, this opera in Italian is based on a play by Beaumarchais [bow-mar-SHAY], but this time, Count Almaviva is a villain. For 10 points, name this Mozart opera, a sequel to The Barber of Seville, which ends in a wedding.

Philip Glass

At the end of one opera by this composer, the ghost of Queen Tiye is among the figures singing wordlessly over a bass line from the beginning of another of this man's operas. In that latter opera by this man, characters sing "I Feel the Earth Move" during a scene depicting a trial. Another of his operas opens "On the Kuru Field of Justice" and has three acts titled for Tolstoy, Tagore, and King. In addition to using Sanskrit in (*) Satyagraha, the first opera in this man's Portrait Trilogy contains sections like "Prematurely Air-Conditioned Supermarket" and "Mr. Bojangles". That opera divided into five parts by "Knee Plays". For 10 points, name this American composer of Einstein on the Beach.

I and the Village

At the top of this painting, a man's face is shown under the red roof of a yellow church. A figure on the right ofthis work wears a red cap embroidered with triangles and a necklace with a cross. That figure holds a floweringbranch in his left hand, which wears a red ring. In front of the colorful buildings depicted in its background, aninverted woman plays the violin next to a man holding a scythe. A woman milks a white cow in the cheek of one ofthe central figures of this painting. A faint line connects the pupils of the two central figures, a goat and a greenfacedman. Thought to portray the artist's hometown, for 10 points, name this painting by Marc Chagall.

concert overtures

Beethoven's works in this genre include one inspired by Collin's tragedy Coriolan. Another work in this genre opens with a string version of the Orthodox hymn Troparion of the Holy Cross. Beethoven wrote four of these works for the various versions of Fidelio. Beethoven's incidental musics for The Ruins of Athens and Egmont begin with works in this genre; these instrumental works generally introduce operas. The most famous work in this genre, a musical depiction of the Battle of Borodino, includes a quotation of the Marseillaise and 16 cannon shots. For 10 points, name this orchestral genre, Tchaikovsky's works in which include The Year 1812.

Jean-Auguste Dominique Ingres (pronounced sort of like "ANGr")

Before Gustave Moreau, this man painted a craggy scene where a nude character with his foot on a rock extends a finger to give the answer "man" to a riddle in his Oedipus and the Sphinx. In other paintings, he showed a lance-wielding man riding over water on a hippogriff and a detailed Greek temple behind a winged woman who places a wreath on a seated poet. This artist of Roger Freeing Angelica and The Apotheosis of Homer also showed a peacock fan in the hand of a harem girl who looks over her shoulder at the viewer, and whose over-long back has to have a few extra vertebrae. For 10 points, name this French neoclassicist painter of The Grand Odalisque.

Raphael Sanzi

Before dying, this artist painted seven of ten planned tapestries called "cartoons" intended for the lower walls of the Sistine Chapel. After his death, this man's apprentices decorated the Hall of Constantine. This artist painted four works representing Theology, Literature, Law, and Philosophy on the walls of a chapel. He painted a man in blue, lounging on some (*) steps, in a painting set below a Greek key archway. Two bored angels look upwards in his Sistine Madonna. This artist decorated the Stanza della Segnatura with La Disputa and with a painting of Diogenes, Aristotle, and Plato. For 10 points, name this artist of The School of Athens.

Athens

Below a depiction of this city, the cloth-covered body of a man from it is carried by two men along a winding road, in a painting by Nicolas Poussin. At the left of another painting set in this city, a man in blue and brown puts his head and both hands up on an arch that's in front of a staircase. Another painting set in this city appears opposite La Disputa in the Stanza della (*) Segnatura. The central figure of a painting set in this city raises one finger as he reaches for a goblet of hemlock. At the center of a painting set in this city, Plato points upwards and Aristotle points downwards. For 10 points, name this setting of The Death of Socrates whose School was painted by Raphael.

Turandot

Birgit Nilsson quoted that "[this opera] made her rich." Toscanini's conducting of it at the Scala ended with him saying, "Here the opera ends, because at this point the maestro died," thus not using Alfano's completion of the score. The title character sings the aria (*) "In questa reggia" about the abuse of her ancestors, and is advised by Ping, Pang, and Pong. After answering three riddles, Calaf requires the title character to guess his name before dawn, prompting him to sing "Nessun dorma" as she orders nobody to sleep. For 10 points, name this opera by Giacomo Puccini about an "icy" Chinese princess.

trains

Black outlines of this sort of object appear in the far background of many de Chirico paintings, including The Uncertainty of the Poet. Umberto Boccioni's States of Mind paintings depict three versions of one of these objects. The Musée d'Orsay once housed these objects, and several feature in Monet's depiction of the Gare St. Lazare. A tiny (*) rabbit appears in a painting of one of these objects by J. M. W. Turner. A mother, an old woman, and a sleeping boy appear in a painting set on one of these things by Honoré Daumier, The Third Class Carriage. For 10 points, name this type of vehicle portrayed in Rain, Steam and Speed, which is set on the Great Western Railway.

John Singleton Copley

Blue robes part to reveal the nude central goddess dipping arrows in water in this man's Mars, Venus, and Vulcan. This artist, who depicted soldiers waving British flags amidst cannon fire in The Death of Major Peirson, was criticized for painting William Pitt collapsing in the House of Lords. This artist featured Henry Pelham holding the title (*) animal on a gold chain in A Boy with a Flying Squirrel. Two men reach out to grab a naked figure in the water while a man standing on the edge of a raft attempts to spear the title creature in this artist's most well-known work. For 10 points, name this American painter of Watson and the Shark.

fountains

Bruce Nauman appears shirtless in a self-portrait as one of these objects. One of these objects names a sculpture that was photographed against a Marsden Hartley painting by Joseph Stiglitz. One of these objects centers on an Egyptian obelisk and depicts a man recoiling from a snake and sitting on a pile of coins. A sculpture titled for one of these objects is signed (*) "R. Mutt." A hooded depiction of the Nile appears in one of these objects sculpted by Bernini and named for the Four Rivers. For 10 points, name this type of structure exemplified by the Trevi in Rome, which visitors often throw coins into.

Giotto di Bondone

Christ sits in an oval that spews flames on a blue, obese devil in this artist's version of The Last Judgment. This painter of the Ognissanti Madonna probably worked with Cimabue to paint the fresco cycle Life of St. Francis and also showed the same saint receiving his (*) stigmata. Onlookers hold long torches and one brandishes a club in this man's depiction of the Kiss of Judas. That scene and others from the life of Christ were commissioned for a chapel built by a penitent usurer, Enrico Scrovegni. For 10 points, name this early Renaissance painter of the Arena Chapel.

Richard Wagner

Concerning an opera by this man, Anna Russell said that "if you know the chord of E-flat major, you know the overture to it." This composer gave the score of his Symphony in C as a present to Mendelssohn, after which it was lost for 40 years. The opening four note motif to one of this composer's operas is quoted repeatedly and mockingly marked avec une grande émotion in Debussy's(*)"Golliwog's Cakewalk." Anton Bruckner became a massive supporter of this composer after seeing the premiere of his opera about a love-potion-drinking couple. For 10 points, name this composer famous for operas such as Tristan and Isolde and the Ring cycle.

Andy Warhol

Critic Carrie Rickey panned a portrait collection by this artist as "Jewploitation." One series by this artist recolored sections of various Renaissance works such as the apse from the Brera Madonna. This artist created a canvas of a blue-skinned Richard Nixon with the caption VOTE(*) McGOVERN. This artist coordinated the Exploding Plastic Inevitable event and designed a peelable album cover for The Velvet Underground and Nico. For 10 points, name this Pop artist whose "Factory" made paintings of Campbell's Soup Cans.

Olympia

Curtains hang at the left of a Paul Cezanne A Modern version of this painting. Laure modeled a figure in this painting wearing light pink robes who looks at the subject in surprise while holding flowers. The subject of this painting, modeled by Victorine Meurant, has an orchid in her hair and wears a (*) bracelet on her right arm along with a black ribbon around her neck. That woman lies on a bed with a black cat at her feet, overlooked by her servant in this painting, which is modeled after Titian's Venus of Urbino. For ten points, name this painting of a nude prostitute by Édouard Manet.

Pablo Picasso

Daniel Kahnweiler encouraged this artist to exhibit one of his paintings inspired by a visit to ethnography exhibits at the Trocadéro Museum. It's unclear whether a severed arm at the bottom of one of this artist's paintings holds a broken sword or a baseball bat. A basket of fruit appears at the bottom next to a figure squatting with her back to the viewer in a painting this artist referred to for years as (*) "my brothel" since it depicts five prostitutes. This artist also showed a mother screaming in agony over her dead child in a black-and-white depiction of the bombing of a Basque town. For 10 points, name this Spanish artist of Les Demoiselles D'Avignon and Guernica.

Hudson River School

Daniel Wadsworth, namesake of the Wadsworth Atheneum, patronized this movement. A member of this art movement painted a waterfront view of a decadent city, then used the same perspective for paintings titled Destruction and Desolation. An artist from this movement was painted standing on a cliff, holding a sketchbook, and chatting with a poet. The (*) founder of this movement made the series The Course of Empire. This school's later years faded into Luminism, with works like Heart of the Andes, by Frederic Edwin Church. For 10 points, name this school founded by Thomas Cole, which often featured landscapes around a New York river.

clarinet

Debussy's works for this instrument include a Petit pièce and a Première rhapsodie. It has the solo "Abyss of the Birds" and is the only wind in Quartet for the End of Time. One player of this instrument popularized Cole Porter's "Begin the Beguine"; another led "the Herd" and commissioned Stravinsky's Ebony Concerto for it. Another player of this instrument was featured on the first double album, The Famous (*) 1938 Carnegie Hall Jazz Concert. Its soprano and bass varieties are both normally tuned in B-Flat, and this single-reed woodwind was played by "the King of Swing." For 10 points, name this instrument played by Artie Shaw, Woody Herman, and Benny Goodman.

cave painting

Description acceptable. Abbé Breuil is best known for his studies of these works, and he attributed magical powers to them. The oldest known one of these works was the subject of a 2010 Werner Herzog documentary. Some of them, like those in Chauvet, France, contain dark triangles thought to represent (*) female fertility. These works are often decorated with finger flutings and sometimes depict humans through "hand stencils." The ones in Altamira and Lascaux depict buffalo and other animals being hunted. For 10 points, name these Stone Age artworks that have survived because of their protected location.

Liberty (or the woman from Liberty Leading the People; prompt on France)

Description acceptable. Criticism was levelled at this figure for being shown as too dirty to befit her position. This figure is identified with the symbolic Marianne and was partially based on a figure from the artist's previous work Greece Expiring on the Ruins of Missolonghi. She appears wearing a (*) Phrygian cap between a boy who's dual wielding pistols and a man in a top hat holding a shotgun. This figure appears in a painting depicting the events of July 28, 1830 with some revolutionaries storming over a barricade, in which she wields the tricolour flag. For 10 points, name this figure from a painting by Eugene Delacroix, in which she "leads the people."

the sea

Description acceptable. Five poems about this place are set in Elgar's Op. 37, a song cycle titled for Pictures of this place. In an orchestral work depicting this location, each movement quotes selections from Leaves of Grass. This place is the subject of Vaughan Williams's first symphony. Movements titled "Moonlight" and "Sunday Morning" are among the four Interludes depicting this place that are often excerpted from Benjamin Britten's opera (*) Peter Grimes. Another work depicting this location, completed while its composer was staying in Eastbourne, is structured as three "symphonic sketches" and includes the "Play of the Waves". For 10 points, name this aquatic subject of Debussy's La mer.

violin concerto

Despite its title, Edouard Lalo's Symphonie Espagnole is actually a work in this form. An 1844 work in this form broke convention by having an ascending solo passage open the piece without a unison entrance. Felix Mendelssohn wrote an E minor work in this form. Niccolo (*) Paganini wrote and performed six works in this form, his second of which is known as "La Campanella." Brahms' only work in this form was dedicated to and premiered by Joseph Joachim. A set of four of these works named "Spring," "Summer," "Fall" and "Winter" were composed by Antonio Vivaldi. For 10 points, name this form for a solo string instrument and orchestra.

Peer Gynt

Duke Ellington recorded a jazz version of this work that was pulled from shelves over concerns that it was offensive to its composer's home country. One part of this piece written for strings and triangle depicts the daughter of a Bedouin chief. One part of this work begins with a flute going down from B to E and back up again to B. (*) "Anitra's Dance" is one section of this work, while in another section, a melody that starts in the cellos, basses, and bassoons grows gradually louder and faster as the title character is chased by trolls. For 10 points, "Morning Mood" and "In the Hall of the Mountain King" are parts of what work by Edvard Grieg?

Symphony No. 5 by Ludwig van Beethoven in C minor

E. T. A. Hoffmann, who helped popularize this symphony, wrote that it "sweeps the listener into the realm of the infinite." The exposition of the first movement of Brahms' First Symphony, which is in the same key, quotes this symphony's opening motif. A timpani roll links this symphony's third movement to its fourth movement, which is in C major even though this symphony is in the parallel key, (*) C minor. Its long finale ends with 29 bars of C major chords. "Fate knocking at the door" is the name given to a motif from this symphony, which precedes its composer's Pastoral Symphony. For 10 points, name this symphony by Ludwig van Beethoven that features a "short-short-short-long" motif.

Mannerism

Early artists in this artistic movement often trained under Andrea del Sarto. One of those artists painted a swooning Mary Magdalene in red directly below a greenish Christ descending from a massive cross. Another artist in this style painted Joseph in Egypt, as well as a colorful Deposition in which the cross is not visible. In addition to Rosso Fiorentino and (*) Jacopo Pontormo, a third artist in this movement painted a long-fingered Saint John in The Vision of Saint Jerome. That artist of a distorted circular self-portrait used a "figura serpentinata" to depict the Madonna with an unusually long neck. Parmigianino's Self Portrait in a Convex Mirror exemplifies, for 10 points, what late Renaissance artistic movement known for its exaggerated and elongated figures?

La Traviata (accept The Fallen Woman)

Early in this opera, one character contemplates a lover in the aria "Ah, fors'e lui" before finding a camellia flower to give him. Another man sings "Di provenza" in this opera to console his son about a failed relationship, and Doctor Grenvil tells the maid Annina about the condition of a character who sings (*) "Sempre Libera" at the end of this opera's first act. Baron Douphol is used to make another man jealous in this opera at a party where Alfredo sings "Libiamo ne'lieti calici" The title character dies of tuberculosis in, for 10 points, what Giuseppe Verdi opera about "the fallen" Violetta?

Titian

Early on, this artist painted a right-side view of a man with a billowing, blue, quilted sleeve. He daringly balanced one of his paintings by putting the Madonna and child on the right side and a bright red flag on the left. This painter of the Pesaro Madonna probably learned his famously good handling of color from (*) Giorgione, and he is the most famous painter of the Venetian school. One of his paintings depicts two maids rummaging in a chest in the background and a curled-up dog at the foot of a flower-holding reclining nude woman. For 10 points, name this Renaissance painter of Venus of Urbino.

chairs

Eero Aarnio designed two of these objects, a suspended "Bubble" and a futuristic "Ball." Lilly Reich and Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe designed their modernist "Barcelona" one of these objects with chrome on a steel frame. Frank Gehry used corrugated cardboard to create his "Wiggle" version of this object as part of his "Easy Edges" series. Eero Saarinen initially used a one-piece fiberglass design for his (*) "Tulip" version of this piece of furniture. The "Adirondack" version of this furniture uses wooden slats and is intended for outdoor use. For 10 points, name this type of furniture that has "Arm" and "Rocking" varieties.

Roy (Fox) Lichtenstein

Erle Loran claimed that this artist plagiarized a work that was simply a black and white outline of Paul Cezanne's portrait of his wife. One figure in an artwork by this man covers his mouth to stifle laughter upon seeing that his pantsless friend has snagged his own jacket with a (*) fishing hook. This artist included Donald Duck in his Look, Mickey!, and he painted a wave swirling above a girl who refuses to call Brad for help. This artist prominently used Ben-Day dots, such as in a work with the text "rockets blazed through the sky" showing two fighter jets. For 10 points, name this Pop artist of the comic-book inspired Drowning Girl and Whaam!

Theodore Gericault

Etienne-Jean Georget commissioned this artist to paint his patients in Insane Woman and Portrait of a Kleptomaniac, and this artist painted two men in a horse race in The Derby at Epsom. This artist depicted a Napoleonic cavalry officer rearing his horse in (*) The Charging Chasseur. This man's most famous painting depicts a man waving a red flag on top of a pyramidal pile of bodies. For 10 points, name this French painter who depicted a shipwreck off of the coast of Africa in The Raft of the Medusa.

Statue of Liberty

Eugène Viollet-le-Duc suggested a design for this structure that would support it with sand-filled compartments.This structure was originally intended to be a lighthouse on the Suez Canal, and the idea for it was proposed byÉdouard de Laboulaye. Broken chains lie on this structure's pedestal, over which the subject's right foot is raised.The face of this statue was displayed at the 1878 Paris World's Fair, and the torch was displayed at the CentennialExposition. It was the first sight of immigrants entering the United States from the Atlantic. For 10 points, name thisstructure designed by Frédéric Bartholdi, the "New Colossus" in New York Harbor.

Pop art

Films by one member of this art movement include the Westerns satire Lonesome Cowboys and an eight-hour shot of the Empire State Building. A brown-painted sock and parachute were included in a "combine" from this movement made by Robert Rauschenberg, and a text blurb made of (*) Ben-Day dots yells out "Whaam!" in a Roy Lichtenstein painting from this movement. Notable works in this movement included silk screens of celebrities like Jacqueline Kennedy and several paintings of Campbell's Soup Cans. Andy Warhol was part of, for 10 points, what art movement that borrowed heavily from mass culture?

The Rite of Spring

Five bassoons represent the final prayers of five village elders near the end of this work. The composer placedgrace notes in the opening melody to imitate natural breaks in human voices. At the beginning of this work'spremiere, one audience member called for someone to get a dentist after seeing the initial positions of the dancers.This work's last bass notes spell out the word "dead" as the central character's neck snaps and she is sacrificed. Partone of this work is titled "The Adoration of the Earth" and begins with a bassoon solo at an unrecognizably highregister. For 10 points, name this ballet by Igor Stravinsky that caused a riot at its premiere.

Messiah

For its premiere, this work's composer transposed the arias "Then shall the eyes of the blind" and "He shall feed his flock" to F major to accommodate the contralto's vocal range. This work's scene "The annunciation to the shepherds" contains a Pifa, or pastoral symphony, as well as the chorus "Glory to God in the highest." King George II allegedly stood up during the lines "King of Kings and Lord of Lords" and "He shall reign forever and ever" in a 1743 London performance of this work. For 10 points, name this oratorio by George Frideric Handel which contains the "Hallelujah Chorus."

Leonardo (di ser Piero) da Vinci

Four war horses fight for the possession of a standard in this artist's lost painting The Battle of Anghiari. A self-portrait of this artist with red chalk is located in the Biblioteca Reale. In one painting by this man, a river separates winding paths from icy mountains in the background. A green-clad angel supports the back of the infant Jesus in an work by this artist that uses the (*) sfumato technique. In another work by this artist, a man tipping over a salt cellar looks up at a swooning John the Baptist. In that painting by this artist, three windows provide the background for a meal seating thirteen people. For 10 points, name this Renaissance artist of The Last Supper and The Mona Lisa.

marches

Franz Schubert composed three pieces in this genre for piano four-hands, and works in this genre commonly include dogfight and trio sections. A composer notable for this genre of pieces wrote such examples as Manhattan Beach and The Thunderer, and these pieces are usually in 6/8 or (*) 2/4 time. Staples of this genre include Semper Fidelis and the national one of America, The Stars and Stripes Forever. For ten points, name this genre of music characterized by the works of John Philip Sousa, notably played by military bands.

skull

Giacometti aimed to resolve this object in his sculptures, one example of which coalesces from many flat planes and sharp indents. A woman peers at her own reflection, forming a double image illusion of this object, in one illustration by Charles Allan Gilbert called All is (*) Vanity. One of these objects originating from the 18th century is covered in 8,601 diamonds in Damien Hirst's For the Love of God. Two of Picasso's multiple iterations of this object depict it alongside a candle and a bottle. For 10 points, what object depicted in an O'Keeffe painting subtitled Red, White, and Blue came from a deceased cow?

Read SCRAM as the word "scram".

Giorgio Vasari wrongly claimed that this artist invented oil painting. A painting by this artist, recovered by the Monuments Men, was returned to St. Bavo Cathedral, minus two panels that were stolen in 1934. This artist wrote that he "was here" above a mirror in one painting. This artist made grisaille [griz-ALE] paintings of John the Baptist and depicted a sheep bleeding into the Holy Grail for an (*) altarpiece commissioned by his brother. In a painting by this artist, a pair of wooden clogs and a small dog sit below a man in black and a woman in a green dress, who hold hands. For 10 points, name this painter of the Ghent Altarpiece and the Arnolfini Marriage.

Abstract expressionism

Harold Rosenberg helped popularize this art movement. Franz Kline's Mahoning is a prime example of a technique used by many members of this movement, known as "action painting." One artist from this movement showed the title person in various colored dresses and "with a bicycle" in his Woman Series. Willem (*) de Kooning was a member of this movement, whose founder married Lee Krasner and created such works as Full Fathom Five and Lavender Mist. For 10 points, name this post World War II artistic movement that included Jackson Pollock.

Robert Schumann

He's not Elgar, but this composer's cello concerto in A minor was premiered by Jacqueline Du Pre. This man composed a work dedicated to Frederic Chopin, but he only liked the title page of that piano work, Kreisleriana. This man included "The Happy Farmer" in his Album for the Young, and he also included the dreamy Träumerei and the lullaby Of Foreign Lands and Peoples in his (*) Scenes from Childhood. This composer used the cryptogram A-S-C-H for a piano suite with movements named after Florestan and Eusebius. This husband of Clara Wieck used the Cologne Cathedral as inspiration for his third symphony. For ten points, name this composer of Carnaval who also created the Rhenish and Spring symphonies.

Franz Schubert

He's not Mahler, but the first movement of this man's symphony No. 4 in C minor is marked Allegro Vivace and the entire work is referred to as the Tragic. The slow movement in this work, along with a majority of slow movements in his other works follow the pattern of (*) ABABA, as seen in his Notturno. This composer's Winterreise is an example of his prolific vocal works and he included the double bass in his Trout Quintet. For ten points, name this Romantic Austrian composer who composed an "Unfinished" symphony and many lieder.

Alessandro Botticelli

He's not Rodin, but this artist depicted three angels holding their hands inwards on a straw roof in a painting he signed in Greek, which also shows a hovering circle of olive-holding angels. This man included orange groves in two large paintings a decade and a half prior to his Mystic Nativity. This painter showed Chloris running away from Zephyr in a canvas where the three Graces dance, and made another canvas where a Hora brings a blanket towards the center for a nude figure who covers her pelvis with her red hair. For 10 points, name this Florentine Renaissance painter of Primavera and The Birth of Venus.

(Sir) Edward (William) Elgar

He's not Tchaikovsky, but a dotted viola rhythm in 6/8 ["six eight"] opens this composer's E minor Serenade for Strings. According to Michael Kennedy, this composer's trademark nobilmente direction first occurs in his Cockaigne Overture. This composer used woodwinds to parody Dora Penny's stutter and depicted his wife Caroline in a piece that includes a movement titled for his publisher (*) Augustus Jaeger. A 1965 recording by Jacqueline du Pré revived this composer's Cello Concerto in E minor. The song "Land of Hope and Glory" is based on this man's most famous piece, traditionally performed at graduations. For 10 points, name this British composer of the Enigma Variations and the Pomp and Circumstance Marches.

the Louvre Palace

Hector Lefuel redesigned this building's Flower Pavillion with 86 statues of illustrious men. Claude Perrault designed a Collonade for the eastern facade of this complex. A helical staircase used to enter this building curves around an elevator. The Daru Staircase in this building, which lies between two wings designed by Sully and Denon, is topped by a (*) headless marble statue. A mall in front of it has an inverted pyramid that functions as a skylight. Jean-Francois Champollion brought the Rosetta Stone to this building. A glass pyramid designed by I.M. Pei is its entrance. For 10 points, name this palace and huge art museum in Paris.

The Rite of Spring (or Le Sacre du Printemps)

In 2013, the Joffrey Ballet performed a reconstruction of the original choreography of this ballet, which was lost after its initial onstage run. One section of this ballet contains a traditional circle dance known as the khorovod. Dancers in this ballet included "long-braided Lolitas," whose costumes were designed by Nicholas Roerich and who appear in dances like (*) "Games of the Rival Tribes." Based on Lithuanian folklore and divided into two sections titled "The Adoration of the Earth" and "The Sacrifice," this ballet depicts a pagan ritual where a girl is forced to dance herself to death. For 10 points, name this Igor Stravinsky ballet that caused a riot at its Paris premiere.

The Burial of the Count of Orgaz (accept The Burial of Count Orgaz)

In this work, a harpist and an organist can be seen to the right of a man who dangles two keys on a string. Another portion of this work features a handkerchief with the artist's signature and the date, which is folded in the pocket of the artist's son. That son, as well as the artist himself, can be seen near the bottom of this work. It is split into distinct light and dark colored halves representing heaven and Earth. In this work, the noblemen of Toledo look on as the ornately-dressed Saint Augustine and Saint Stephen carry the fully-armored corpse of the title figure. For 10 points, name this Mannerist painting depicting the funeral of a certain nobleman, a work by El Greco.

the Sun

J. M. W. Turner painted this object "with a Boat between headlands," with "Whiting Fishing at Margate," and "with Sea Monsters." This object is painted to the right of the title ships in Turner's The Slave Ship and The Fighting Téméraire. This object is in the upper left of Turner's Hannibal Crossing the Alps. In a painting of it from the harbour of Le Havre, which also includes some loosely-painted rowboats, this object is orange. That painting subtitled for this object gave its name to the Impressionist movement and was painted by Claude Monet. For 10 points, name this object that is often depicted rising and setting.

MIT

J. Meejin Yoon designed a granite structure at this location that is meant to resemble an open hand. In addition to the Sean Collier Memorial, one building here was designed to resemble a sea sponge and is named Simmons Hall. Calder's sculpture The Big Sail is located in front of the tallest building at this location, I.M. Pei's (*) Green Building. A cylindrical brick chapel and the Kresge auditorium are two works by Eero Saarinen at this university. Frank Gehry designed that Stata Center where many computer science classes are taught here. For 10 points, name this university whose architecture is much more modern than neighboring Harvard's.

crucifixion of Jesus Christ

James Tissot painted this event from the perspective of the central figure, and Masaccio painted God the Fatherstanding behind a depiction of this event in his Holy Trinity. Two angels holding chalices surround the central figurein the "Mond" version of this event painted by Raphael. A version of this event in Yellow includes a field of wheatwith bright red trees and was painted by Paul Gauguin. Salvador Dalà painted this event with the central figure on ahypercube, and Marc Chagall's depictions of it include ones named "Golgotha" and one labeled "White." For 10points, name this scene in art that depicts the method by which Jesus died.

Vincent van Gogh

Jan ["Yan"] Hulsker disputed which painting was this artist's last. Theories about a painting by this artist suggest that it is could be a unique last supper or a rendition of a scene from Maupassant's Bel Ami ["ah-me"]. A painting from this artist's Olive Trees series is a (*) complementary piece to this artist's most famous painting. "Japonisme" led to this artist's The Courtesan, and in another of this artist's paintings, a man holds a cup in expectation of the title meal underneath a single oil lamp. For 10 points, name this artist of The Potato Eaters and Starry Night.

Barcelona, Spain

Jean Nouvel designed the multicolor, phallic-shaped Agbar Tower in this city. A building in this city is nicknamed "the quarry" because of its undulating gray stone facade. A church here has eighteen spires, and facades named for the Nativity, Passion, and Glory. A mosaic dragon welcomes visitors to a (*) park in this city. Lilly Reich and Ludwig Mies designed its namesake chair for a 1929 International Exposition. This city is home to a church that has been under construction for 133 years, the Sagrada Familia. For 10 points, name this city where Antoni Gaudi worked in Catalonia.

Gothic architecture

John Ruskin exalted the "nature of" the Venetian offshoot of this movement. The Abbot of Suger patronized this art movement. An English division of this art movement was named for perpendicular lines. This movement used supports on load-bearing walls that weren't directly connected to the wall. It replaced groin (*) vaults with rib vaults. The Palace of Westminster was built during its namesake "revival". St. Denis' Basilica, with its rose windows, pointed arches, and flying buttresses, is part of this movement. For 10 points, name this medieval architectural movement which followed the Romanesque and includes the cathedral of Notre Dame.

The Marriage of Figaro

. One character in this opera sings "Non più andrai" in response to a servant being dispatched to military service. In the cavatina "Se vuol ballare" in this opera, one character plots to outwit a man who he believes to be courting his fiancée. A page in this opera hides inside a closet, and he later breaks Antonio's flowerpots by (*) jumping out of a window. In this opera, Marcellina sings "La vendetta," and Cherubino serenades Countess Rosina while disguised as a girl. Susanna and the title character of this opera prepare for their wedding in Count Almaviva's castle. For 10 points, name this Mozart opera that chronologically follows The Barber of Seville.

Thomas Cole

. One of this artist's paintings meant as a companion piece to a John Milton poem features a kneeling woman worshipping an outdoor painting of a Mary and Jesus. Another one of his paintings shows a man lying on a giant book and gazing at a cathedral, Greek Temple, and a pyramid. This artist of The Architect's Dream painted a really big natural formation resembling a cup in his The Titan's Goblet, and included a young boy sailing toward a castle in the clouds while being guided by a guardian angel in a series of four works following an aging man. He is more famous for a series of works depicting the rise and fall of an empire. For 10 points, name this artist of the Course of Empire series.

John Constable

. One work by this artist shows a horse leaping over a barrier at Float Jump. In this artist's painting The Chain Pier, wreckage from a storm washes up on a shore while a suspension bridge stretches across the background. A rainbow arches overhead a cathedral in one painting by this artist, who also featured the (*) Stour River in several images of Dedham Vale. On the left side of one landscape work, this artist painted a red-roofed white cottage near Flatford Mill. For 10 points, name this British landscape artist who painted three horses pulling the title vehicle in his artwork The Hay Wain.

Robert (Alexander) Schumann

. This composer set music to one poem for each letter of the alphabet in his song collection Myrtles. A "wine song" is played during the scherzo of this man's third symphony. This composer's piano work "Estrella" was inspired by his ex-fiancée Ernestine von Fricken. That work is part of a series by this composer that includes the characters (*) Florestan and Eusebius. This composer quoted the folk tune "Grandfather's Dance" in the eleventh movement of his piano suite Papillons. "Of Foreign Lands and Peoples" is the first of his Scenes from Childhood. For 10 points, name this German composer of Carnaval and the "Rhenish" symphony.

Johann Sebastian Bach

. This composer's Partita in D minor for solo violin features a double stop-heavy chaconne. Another of his pieces opens with a single-voice flourish and a descending diminished seventh chord built one note at a time. This composer of the Christmas Oratorio also served as choirmaster of the St. Thomas Boys Choir at Leipzig, and wrote a work for Count Kaiserling to aid his insomnia. That work is comprised of 30 variations on an aria and is titled the Goldberg Variations. For 10 points, name this German Baroque composer of The Well-Tempered Clavier and Brandenburg Concertos.

Violin Packet 4 -

. This instrument is featured in a set of "academic" sonatas written by a player of the instrument, F. M. Veracini, and another player of this instrument, Pablo de Sarasate, wrote a fantasy for it based on Bizet's Carmen. Mozart's fifth concerto for this instrument is notable for its "Turkish" themes and is in A. (*) Another concerto for this instrument was written by Felix Mendelssohn and is in the key of E-minor; that concerto is recorded along with Max Bruch's concerto for the same instrument on an album by a modern virtuoso of this instrument, Joshua Bell. For 10 points, identify this smallest string instrument that is played with a bow.

Charles-Camille Saint-Saens

. This man adapted a Nubian love song and attempted to emulate the sounds of frogs and crickets along the Nile in his "Egyptian" piano concerto. He wrote an opera featuring the aria "My heart opens itself to your voice, and included a repeating G, B flat, G, E flat theme in one of his piano pieces. This composer of Samson and Delilah quoted a slow-down version of Offenbach's "Can-Can" in another one of his pieces. A C major chord opens the Maestoso portion of his Organ Symphony, and he used a xylophone to depict rattling bones in various works. For 10 points, name this French Composer of Danse Macabre, who included "The Swan" in his Carnival of the Animals.

The Death of Socrates

. This painting features a tall lamp-like structure topped off by a smoking teapot. A footrest in this painting has a bird-like emblem, as well as the artist's signature, carved onto it. In the background of this painting, Apollodorus places both palms against a wall in grief, and a man can be seen gesturing at the central figures while climbing up a staircase. Its foreground features a scroll, two ink bottles, and an open chain. A seated man places his hand on the thigh of the central figure of this work, who is oddly muscular for his age. That figure points at the ceiling, and reaches for a goblet. For 10 points, name this work by Jacques-Louis David depicting the suicide of a certain Greek philosopher.

palaces

1. One of these buildings lies on Seraglio Point, at the entrance to the Golden Horn. The oldest zoo in the world is located on the grounds of another one of these structures. Topkapi and Schonbrunn name those two examples of these structures, another one of which in (*) Lhasa was converted into a museum after the Dalai Lama fled in 1959. The Court of the Lions is located in one of these in Granada known as the Alhambra. Yellow glazed tiles cover the roofs of a "forbidden" complex of these buildings in Beijing. A famous one of these outside Paris contains the Hall of Mirrors the bedroom of Louis XIV. For ten points, identify this type of building exemplified by one at Versailles.

Michelangelo

1. This artist sculpted The Genius of Victory as part of a commission for the church of San Pietro in Vincoli, which was given to him by a member of the della Rovere family. As part of his design for the Capitoline Hill, he placed the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius inside a star design in the pavement. This artist's (*) Rebellious Slave and Dying Slave sculptures were not included in the tomb of Pope Julius II. His signature was angrily carved into a sculpture which shows the Virgin Mary holding her dead son. For 10 points, name this Italian sculptor of The Pieta, who also painted The Sistine Chapel Ceiling.

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi

12. This composer collected a set of concertos dedicated to Vettor Delfino in his La Stravaganza. The Assyrian king Nebuchadnezzar sends Holofernes to seize the town of Bethulia in his only-surviving oratorio, Juditha triumphans. He wrote several compositions for the Ospedale della Pietà. Two violas in another of his works represent (*) barking dogs, and that set includes sections on singing cuckoos and a sleepy shepherd. Nicknamed "The Red Priest," this composer wrote The Contest Between Harmony and Invention, which includes "Spring" and "Winter" concertos. For ten points, name this Italian Baroque composer of The Four Seasons.

Rigoletto

13. One aria in this opera is in 3/8 time signature, B major, and describes women as "flighty" and constantly changing their minds. This opera contains the vocal quartet 'Bella Figlia Dell'amore,' in which it is revealed that one character is attempting to seduce Maddalena. In this opera's aria (*) "Questa O Quella," the Duke expresses his desire to court Countess Ceprano. In one scene in this opera, title character of this opera is approached by the assassin Sparafucile. The most famous aria in this opera is "La Donna e Mobile." For 10 points, name this Verdi opera about the title jester.

pointillism(prompt on "NeoImpressionism")

13. One painting from this movement shows three nude models standing next to a differentwork in this style. In addition to The Models,another work in this style depicts a man holding a top hat and a white flower in front of a swirling multicolored background. In addition to that portrait of (*)Felix Feneon by Paul Signac, a work in this style contains a thin bluered border and a team of four rowers in the distance. That work in this style depicts a man lying on his back smoking a pipe and a woman holding monkey on a leash. For 10 points, name this style most famously used by George Seurat in ASunday Afternoon on the Isle of La Grande Jatte.

Gustav Mahler

14. This composer's fourth symphony incorporates the composer's song "Das himmlische Leben" in the fourth movement, which features a soprano soloist. The aforementioned song by this composer was based on the song cycle Des Knaben Wunderhorn. The third movement of his first symphony includes a minor-key version of (*) "Freres Jacques" as a dirge. This conductor of the Vienna Court Opera attempted to avoid the "curse of the ninth" by not labeling The Song of the Earth as a symphony. For 10 points, name this German composer of the "Titan" and "Resurrection" symphonies, and the "Symphony of a Thousand."

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

15. One of this man's symphonies uses the folk song 'The Crane' in its finale, and opens with a solo horn playing "Down by Mother Volga," a folk song in Ukraine. This man's final symphony includes a movement in 5/4 time that is reminiscent of a waltz, and he may have killed himself 9 days after that work's premiere. In addition to the "Little Russian" and (*) "Pathetique" symphonies, he composed a piece that quotes "La Marseillaise" and "God Save the Czar" to commemorate the Battle of Borodino. For 10 points, name this composer who included several cannon shots in his 1812 Overture.

Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso

15. This artist painted a person and animal completely in white with a green outline on the right side of one of his 58 paintings that reinterpret Las Meninas. In addition to creating a portrait of Gertrude Stein, this artist painted an old bearded man facing downwards and curling around an instrument. A more controversial work from him shows (*) five nude females, two of whom seem to be wearing African masks. This artist of The Old Guitarist depicted a broken sword, an agonized horse, and a light bulb in a representation of the bombing of a Basque village in another work. For ten points, identify this Spanish artist of Les Demoiselles d'Avignon and Guernica.

Jean Sibelius

19. This composer's final symphony was originally premiered as a 'symphonic fantasia' and is a single movement in C major. After composing his seven symphonies, this man entered the "Silence at Järvenpää" where he produced little music during his final 30 years. He used the English horn to depict the title creature in the waters of the (*) underworld in a tone poem, and another opens with a brass chorale in f# [f-sharp] minor. He was forced to use the title Impromptu for one of his pieces to avoid Russian censors. This man's Lemminkainen Suite contains The Swan of Tuonela. For 10 points, name this Finnish composer of Finlandia.

The Marriage of Figaro

2. In this opera, the only aria in a minor key is Barbarina's "L'ho perduta." In the duet "Cinque-dieci-venti-trenta," two characters in this opera measure the dimensions of a bed. The music teacher Basilio mocks a man in this opera who plans to run off to the military before being chastised in the aria "Non Più Andrai." This opera features the antics of a page named (*) Cherubino and is based on a sequel to Pierre Beaumarchais's play The Barber of Seville. For 10 points, name this Mozart opera featuring Susanna, Rosina, and Count Almaviva, which is set during the preparations for a wedding.

(Achilles-) Claude Debussy

2. This composer used a set of antique cymbals as the only percussion in one of his pieces. That piece opens with a chromatic descent in the flute from C-sharp to G natural and was later adopted by Vaslav Nijinsky into a ballet. This composer included "Clouds," "Festivals," and "Sirens" in a set of Nocturnes for orchestra. A piece by this composer subtitled 'Three Symphonic Sketches' includes a "Play of the (*) Waves" movement. This composer took inspiration from a Stéphane Mallarmé poem to write Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun. For 10 points, name this French Impressionist composer of La Mer, whose Suite Bergamasque includes Claire de Lune.

Messiah

21. This musical composition asks "Why do the nations so furiously rage together?" in a section about "The Rejection." Mozart eliminated the organ continuo in his adaptation of it. This work includes a Sinfony movement in the style of a French Overture and a pastoral Pifa movement, which describes the annunciation of the (*) shepherds. Charles Jennens wrote the scriptural text to accompany this work. During the title figure's "Ultimate Victory," the choir sings that "he shall reign forever and ever" in the Hallelujah Chorus. For ten points, name this oratorio that commemorates the story of Jesus, composed by George Frideric Handel.

Jan Vermeer

22. This artist depicted a maid delivering the title message to a seated woman with a lute in The Love Letter. Other works by this artist include one in which the title green-robed figure inspects a globe and another in which a representation of the muse Clio is being painted. This painter of The Astronomer and The (*) Art of Painting also depicted a billowy cloud casting a shadow over a harbor in a painting of his hometown. His most famous painting depicts a woman in a blue turban turns back towards the viewer, thereby revealing the title piece of jewelry. For ten points, identify this Dutch artist of View of Delft and Girl with a Pearl Earring.

The Starry Night

3. A companion piece to this painting depicts Olive Trees in a Mountainous Landscape. A painting with the same name depicts a view of the artist's hometown "over the Rhone." The view outside the artist's sanitarium room window in Saint-Remy inspired this painting, whose right side shows a (*) church steeple rising in the middle of a small town. The left side of this painting is dominated by a dark, flamelike cypress tree, while blue rolling hills appear in its background. For ten points, identify this painting which depicts a swirling evening sky dotted with the title objects, created by Vincent van Gogh.

Venice

3. An artist from this city showed St. Nicasius and St. Francis in the Castelfranco Madonna in addition to painting the Sleeping Venus. A painter from this city who showed a slave being rescued from martyrdom in The Miracle of the Slave also painted St. Mark's body being brought to this city. Another painter from this home city of Giorgione and Tintoretto painted Zeus as a white (*) bull carrying his lover through water in The Rape of Europa. This city's Grand Canal was painted in many works of Canaletto, who shows its lagoon in some of those works. For 10 points, name this Italian city, the home of Titian and St. Mark's Cathedral.

Ralph Vaughan Williams

3. One of this composer's pieces consists of six movements, each named after a verse from the Song of Solomon. This composer of Flos Campi included "Song of the Exposition" as the first movement to a work based on Leaves of Grass. Another of his symphonies incorporates music from a movie featuring Robert Scott's expedition. A (*) George Meredith poem inspired a work by this composer that uses ascending scales to depict the action of the title bird. This composer of A Sea Symphony named another piece after the composer of Spem in alium. For ten points, name this English composer of Sinfonia Antarctica, The Lark Ascending, and Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis.

Symphony No. 3 in E-Flat, Eroica Opus 55

3. This piece's second movement was played by the Boston Symphony Orchestra when it was announced that JFK was assassinated. This piece includes a solo horn that enters 4 bars before the true recapitulation. The final movement of this symphony adapted its main theme from its composer's music for The (*) Creatures of Prometheus. A funeral march is present in the second movement of this symphony, which opens with two tutti chords in E-flat and had its original dedication to Napoleon revised. For 10 points, name this symphony by Beethoven dedicated to "the memory of a great man."

Romeo and Juliet

4. A choral symphony based on this play opens with a viola solo in a movement titled Combats. 15 timpani strokes signify a character's death in a musical adaptation of this play which includes "The Dance of the Knights." A piece inspired by this play was extensively revised by Mily Balakirev, who suggested the F-sharp minor (*) Friar Lawrence theme. That piece inspired by this play includes a D-Major "Love Theme." For 10 points, name this Shakespeare play, a musical adaptation of which features a battle between the Montagues and Capulets.

The Four Seasons(or Le quattro stagioni;prompt on "The Contest Between Harmony and Invention" before mention; prompt on "Vivaldi violin concertos" before mention)

4. The 2012 piece Recomposed by Max Richteris based on this set of works. The second movement of one of these works depicts a sleeping man named Capraro. Another movement from these works depicts a drunkard, while the second of these works ends with a (*)"thunderstorm" of thirtysecond notes. Each movement of these works accompanies a sonnet thought to have been written by their composer. These works form the first four pieces of its composer's The Contest Between Harmony and Invention.For 10 points, name this set of violin concertos by Antonio Vivaldi, the first of which is "Spring."

Robert Schumann

4. This composer discovered the score of Schubert's 9th symphony in Schubert's brother's house. The piece "Of Foreign Lands and Peoples" opens this composer's Scenes from Childhood. This composer included "Ich Grolle Nicht" in a song cycle that ends by describing a coffin that contains old songs, Dichterliebe. Although not Grieg, this man's piano concerto is in A minor and opens with a timpani strike. One of this man's symphonies opens and closes with movements titled (*) 'Lebhaft,' and depicts the Cologne Cathedral, while his first symphony is subtitled "Spring." For 10 points, name this husband of Clara Wieck, the composer of the "Rhenish" Symphony.

Johannes Brahms

4. This composer's last symphony features the triangle only in the Allegro Giocoso third movement, and closes with a passacaglia on a theme taken from a Bach cantata. This man wrote 21 dances for four-hand piano, the fifth of which is based on a czardas. One of this composer's symphonies includes a dramatic horn entry based on the Swiss alphorn and was sometimes called (*) "Beethoven's Tenth." In response to his mother's death, this man composed a seven-movement religious work with text from the Beatitudes and the Lutheran Bible. A German Requiem was written by, for 10 points, what composer of the Hungarian Dances and a famous lullaby?

the Acropolis

6. A damaged building at this site had its artwork partially reassembled from the sketchings of Jacques Carrey. Leo von Klenze was inspired by a building at this site to build one of the same name in Munich. That building at this site also inspired Carl Gotthard Langhans to create the Brandenburg Gate. This site of the Propylaea also featured six women taking the place of columns on its (*) Caryatid Porch. Another building at this location used entasis to make a sculpture by Phidias appear larger, and is the source of the Elgin Marbles. For 10 points, name this hill in Athens that is the site of the Erechtheion and the Parthenon.

dancers

6. A member of this profession was sculpted "at fourteen years old" in a dark wax piece that used real clothes. Matisse painted two works showing five naked women performing this activity while holding hands. The painter of The Cotton Exchange in New Orleans was better known for works showing women in this profession, like in his work (*) Rehearsal at the Barre. Henri Toulouse-Lautrec painted women employed for this activity at the Moulin Rouge who performed the Can-Can. For 10 points, name this profession, whose members Edgar Degas often painted wearing tutus, practicing for the ballet.

New York City

6. A museum in this city houses Ben Shahn's The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti, and is located adjacent to the High Line Park. Another museum in this city houses Henri Rousseau's The Sleeping Gypsy and The Starry Night by van Gogh. A museum in this city that houses The View of Toledo by El Greco is part of the (*) "Museum Mile." Lobster Trap and Fish Tail hangs above the main staircase of a museum in this city that houses contemporary pieces like Warhol's Campbell Soup Cans. For 10 points, name this city home to the Whitney Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

string quartet

6. Bela Bartok's fourth composition of this type introduced a playing technique known as its composer's namesake "snap." One of these compositions includes the melody of "Deutschland Über Alles" and is dedicated to Count Erdody. Beethoven dedicated a set of 3 of these pieces to Count Razumovsky, and the "Sunrise" and (*) "Emperor" ones were written by Haydn, who is credited with inventing this genre. Other examples of this type of piece include Schubert's Death and the Maiden and Dvorak's American. For 10 points, name this type of composition for the namesake string ensemble for two violins, viola, and cello.

violoncello

6. One performer of this instrument founded the Silk Road Ensemble and was the soloist of Tan Dun's score for Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. Benjamin Britten accompanied a Soviet performer of this instrument in a recording of Schubert's Arpeggione sonata, and that performer sheltered Alexander Solzhenitsyn in his home before fleeing the USSR. John Barbirolli and the London Symphony Orchestra recorded Edward Elgar's (*) concerto for this instrument with Jacqueline DuPré as soloist. For 10 points, name this string instrument that Mstislav Rostropovich and Yo-Yo Ma play, lower pitched than a violin or a viola but higher than the string bass.

The Carnival of the Animals

6. The second movement of this musical piece borrows from a theme composed by Jean-Philippe Rameau. Two violins in another section of this work alternate between playing very high and low notes, and another movement features musicians practicing their scales. This composition, which features sections like (*) "People with long ears" and "Pianists", alludes to "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" in a movement that uses the rattling of a xylophone to represent the noises of a skeleton and references its composer's earlier work, Danse Macabre. For ten points, identify this piece by Camille Saint-Saens with movements like "The Elephant," "Fossils," and "The Swan."

Frédéric François Chopin

6. This composer's only cello sonata was dedicated to Auguste Franchomme and was written in G minor. He also wrote a set of four works set in 6/4 and 6/8 time, one of which was inspired by the weather of Majorca. Another piece by this man is in D-flat major and is sometimes nicknamed after a (*) "little dog". Besides composing Fantaisie-Impromptu, this inventor of the ballade musical form wrote one work that is dominantly played on black keys and another that was written after the November Uprising. For ten points, name this Pocomposer, who, in addition to Minute Waltz and the Revolutionary Etude, wrote several polonaises, nocturnes, and mazurkas for the piano.

Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky

6. This composer's second chamber concerto in E-flat is named for the estate of Robert and Mildred Bliss. A ballet by this man also contains a superposition of C and F# [f-sharp] triads. This composer of the Dumbarton Oaks Concerto omitted both violins and violas in his Symphony of Psalms. This composer of The Soldier's Tale and (*) Petrushka also wrote a ballet that opens with an infamously high-pitched bassoon solo. That piece, which includes The Ritual of Abduction and The Sacrificial Dance, caused a riot at its Paris premiere in 1913. For 10 points, name this composer of The Rite of Spring.

Russia

7. An artist from this country layered a white square on an off-white background in a painting from this country's Suprematist movement. An obscene letter to the sultan Mehmed IV is being drafted by members of the Zaporozhian host in a painting by an artist from this country. A painter born in this country painted many Compositions and Improvisations and was a co-founder of the (*) "Blue Rider" movement. For 10 points, name this home of Kazimir Malevich, Wassily Kandinsky, and Ilya Repin, the last of whom painted Barge Haulers on the Volga.

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni

7. One of this man's sculptures shows a monkey grasping the shin of a writhing figure. This man designed the Laurentian Library for the Basilica of San Lorenzo. The biblical subject of one of his sculptures is notable for having horns. This man, who created Dying Slave and Moses for the tomb of (*) Pope Julius II, drew himself in the flayed skin of St. Bartholomew in one fresco. Another of his frescoes shows a man stretching his arm to touch God's finger. This painter of The Creation of Adam and The Last Judgement also sculpted a male nude with a slingshot over his shoulder. For ten points, identify this Italian artist who sculpted a marble David and painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

Georgia Totto O'Keeffe

7. This artist made several depictions of a rock formation called the "White Place" near the town of Abiquiu. Another painting by this artist shows a New York skyscraper during the night and is titled Radiator Building. This artist lined another work with columns of red on both sides and portrayed a (*) cow's skull in the middle. She painted several landscapes in her home in New Mexico and was the subject of several photographs taken by her husband, Alfred Stieglitz. For ten points, identify this American artist known for her various depictions of flowers.

Mexico

8. A "Polyforum" in this country contains the painting "The March of Humanity on Earth and Towards the Cosmos." "Gods of the Modern World" is a section of an artist from this country's The Epic of American Civilization on the Dartmouth campus. One artist from this country painted Lenin in (*) Man at the Crossroads, which Nelson Rockefeller ordered destroyed. One artist from this country painted herself holding a monkey in Fulang Chang and I, which shows her unibrow. For 10 points, name this home country of the muralists David Siqueiros, Jose Orozco, and Diego Rivera, and of Frieda Kahlo.

Marc Zakharovich Chagall

8.This man created 36 mostly-blue stained glass panels dedicated to Richard J. Daley for the bicentennial of the USA, titled the America Windows. He painted a Lithuanian flag above a burning house in a work also showing a boat full of people next to Jesus, whose waist is wrapped in a prayer shawl while he dies above a menorah. In one of his works, a woman milking a goat appears on the face of a larger goat, which is opposite a (*) green-faced man, while an upside-down violinist is shown between them. For 10 points, name this Jewish painter of The White Crucifixion and I and the Village.

The Night Watch

9. A young child on the left side of this painting holds a horn, and a dog barks at a man beating a brown drum on the opposite end. In this painting, a musketeer dressed in red stands in front of a man who hoists a large blue and yellow flag. A chicken dangles from the belt of a young girl whose (*) golden dress is illuminated near the lower left of this work. In its center, a man wearing a red sash gestures at a lieutenant wearing a white sash. For ten points, identify this painting by Rembrandt van Rijn that depicts the militia of Frans Banning Cocq.

Great Britain

9. An artist from this country placed her unmade bed in the exhibit My Bed. An artist from this country placed a shark in a vat of formaldehyde in his work The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living. A work in this country was made with bluestone megaliths, and an artist from this country created a theme park where (*) Cinderella's carriage is overturned while paparazzi photograph her corpse. A sculptor from this nation created For the Love of God, a platinum cast of a skull encrusted with diamonds. For 10 points, name this kingdom, the home of Tracy Emin, Damien Hirst, Banksy, and Stonehenge.

book​s

A 1913 artwork of this kind was titled for the Trans-Siberian express and was a collaboration between Sonia Delaunay and Blaise Cendrars. In 1964, Yoko Ono created one of them called ​Grapefruit. Near the end of his life, Henri Matisse produced one of these artworks called ​Jazz. An early one of these artworks was mostly produced by the Limbourg Brothers and named for the Duc de (*)​ Berry. A famous one of them was produced by the Abbey of Kells. They often contained "rubrics" and were made of vellum. In the Middle Ages, miniature painters "illuminated" these objects. For 10 points, what kind of objects often contain illustrated Bibles?

La Traviata

A 2005 Salzburg production of this opera made Anna Netrebko a superstar by putting her in a "little red dress" while her red couch surfed above a crowd of tuxedoed men. A character in this opera states that the roses in her cheeks have paled in "Addio, del passato;" that woman traditionally sings an unwritten E flat at the end of "Sempre (*) libera." Upon learning that there is a pure and beautiful "angel" whose engagement is endangered by the indiscretions of Germont's son, the title character of this opera decides to return to the Baron, abandoning Alfredo. For 10 points, identify this opera about the tuberculosis-stricken courtesan, Violetta Valery, by Giuseppe Verdi.

opera houses

A 2010 building of this type sits in the Pearl River like a "double pebble" and has an unusual asymmetric interior with lights in the curved walls; that building in Guangzhou was the brainchild of Zaha Hadid. An earlier building with this function introduces a "mystic gulf" with a double arch proscenium and a covered pit, and holds an annual festival in Bayreuth ("BYE-royt"). Another building of this type was inspired either by a peeled orange or by sailing ships in Port Jackson; Jorn Utzon designed that one, which features curved white shells above its performance spaces. For 10 points, identify this kind of performance hall found in the harbor of Sydney, Australia.

libraries (or library; accept specific libraries like National Library or public library)

A 26-faced solid called a rhombi-cub-octahedron was used as the basis of a design of one of these buildings in Belarus. A giant metal protrusion sits atop a Cesar Pelli-designed one of them in Minneapolis, and an angular glass and steel one was constructed in (*) Seattle by Rem Koolhaas. Michelangelo built a "Laurentian" one of these buildings, and Patience and Fortitude are the names of two stone lion sculptures flanking the entrance to the Main Branch of one of these buildings on 5th Avenue. For 10 points, name these institutions such as a "public" one in New York and one "of Congress."

Edvard Grieg

A B-minor piece by this composer starts with fermata-held Ds in octaves by the cornets before the entrance of the double basses and bassoons. The flute and the oboe trade off the melody in a piece by this composer depicting the rising sun. This composer wrote a piece telling of the "Death of (*) Ase" and also composed a song for Solveig. This composer symbolically depicted a hero escaping the lair of the trolls in a prestissimo finish. He included "Morning Mood" in a set of incidental pieces for a play that also included "In the Hall of the Mountain King." For 10 points, name this Norwegian composer of Peer Gynt.

René Magritte

A black ball lies in the doorway in one painting by this artist, which also shows an easel with a seascape painted on it. Another work by this artist depicts two people whose heads are covered in cloths kissing. In a painting titled after a Goethe novel, this artist depicted a giant (*) egg in a cage. In addition to Elective Affinities, this artist painted a cannon in a room with different panels. A pipe lies above the phrase "This is not a pipe" in one painting by this man while in another, a green apple obscures the face of a man in a bowler hat. For 10 points, name this Belgian surrealist artist of The Treachery of Images and The Son of Man.

Andrew (Newell) Wyeth

A blue-and-white feather hovers above a boy riding a bicycle in this artist's work Young America. This artist painted a kneeling nude woman, and in another work in the same collection, that woman sits on a stool gazing out of a window. This artist's works Overflow and Lovers are two of over 240 paintings of the model (*) Helga Testorf. This son of an illustrator for Scribner's painted a grey house and barn in the background of one work. In that painting, the title paralyzed woman crawls through the grass on her farm in Maine. For 10 points, name this artist of Christina's World.

Sergei Rachmaninoff

A cadenza layered with ossia highlights the opening Allegro ma non tanto movement of a work by this composer, which he said was written for elephants. A C-minor solo work by this man starts with crescendo-ing chords that resemble a bell tolling. This composer of four piano concerti was inspired by an Arthur Böcklin [BOCK-lin] painting to write The (*) Isle of the Dead. One of his preludes is sometimes referred to as "The Bells of Moscow." This composer premiered many of his piano works himself, including a set of 24 variations on the "24th Caprice" for violin. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini.

keyboard​ instruments

A capriccio for one of these instruments ends with a "fugue in imitation of the posthorn" and is titled for the "departure of a beloved brother." J.S. Bach's first four publications were a series of "exercises" for these instruments that included six partitas, a French Overture, and an (*) ​Italian Concerto. Bach wrote sets of fifteen two- and three-part inventions for these instruments. He also wrote a set of forty-eight preludes and fugues in all the major and minor keys for a "well-tempered" one of them. For 10 points, name this class of instruments that includes the clavichord, harpsichord, and piano.

The Barber of Seville or, The Useless Precaution

A cavatina from this opera often transposed from E major to F major for coloratura sopranos is sung by its female lead just before she writes a letter. This opera's final scene features the failure of three characters to escape a doctor's house after another character had removed their escape ladder. A character in this opera disguises himself as a drunken soldier, a music teacher, and a student named (*) Lindoro in order to be with his lover. Before the doctor Bartolo is able to stop a wedding, Count Almaviva marries Rosina at the end of this opera. In the aria "Largo al factotum", this opera's title character sings his name repeatedly as he makes his first entrance. For 10 points, Figaro is the title character of what opera by Gioachino Rossini?

American Gothic

A central object in this painting is mirrored in the seams on a man's shirt and the potted mother-in-law's tongue plant in the background. A woman in this painting wears a "Persephone" cameo brooch, and it won a third-place $300 prize from the (*) Art Institute of Chicago, where it is housed today. A window with a pointed arch appears on a house in this painting that was inspired by the Dibble House in Eldon, Iowa. A depiction of the artist's sister stands next to a man modeled on the dentist Byron McKeeby, who holds a pitchfork in his right hand. For 10 points, name this depiction of a farmer and either his wife or sister, a painting by Grant Wood.

Wilhelm Richard Wagner

A character in one of this man's works sings "Holy Elizabeth!, pray for me!" as he dies. The "Liebestod" is sung at the end of one of this man's works, and this man created the principle of gesamtkunstwerk, or total artwork. This man's opera about Elsa and a titular hero was performed during his exile, and he used repeated leitmotifs for communion and the holy grail in his opera (*) Parsifal. In another opera by this man, Senta throws herself into the sea to free the Flying Dutchman from his curse. For ten points, name this German composer who included Götterdämmerung and Siegfried in his Ring Cycle.

Nixon in China

A character in this opera questions "the people's faith" and later remembers a cross around a fellow soldier's neck. A character in it sings several high D-B-flat phrases in an aria after another character attempts to protect a girl from being whipped; that character in this opera notes "this is prophetic" before a performance of (*) The Red Detachment of Women in the Summer Palace. "The Three Main Rules of Discipline" are sung before the title figure disembarks from The Spirit of '76 in this opera, whose original draft contained "The Chairman Dances." For 10 points, name this minimalist opera by John Adams regarding a presidential visit to the country of Mao Zedong.

Charlie Parker, Jr.

A characteristic series of chord progressions named for this man is included in pieces such as his "Blues for Alice" and "Confirmation." This musician led a number of Savoy and Dial sessions in which he wrote "Billie's Bounce," and he used chords from Ray Noble's "Cherokee" to write "Ko-Ko."Another of this man's compositions borrows chords from an earlier work, "How High the Moon," and he collaborated with Dizzy Gillespie to write "Anthropology." The titles of a number of his works, such as "Ornithology," derive from this musician's nickname. For 10 points, name this jazz saxophonist nicknamed Yardbird.

Italy

A city in this country names a major chord built on the lowered second scale degree, such as a D-flat major chord in C major. Richard Strauss was sued by a composer from this country after accidentally committing plagiarism in a tone poem inspired by this country. A violinist from this country encouraged (*) Berlioz to write a symphony loosely based on Byron's poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage. One composer from here wrote etudes nicknamed "The Trill" and "The Devil's Laughter". Another composer from this country depicted the fountains and pines of its capital city in such movements as "The Pines of the Appian Way". For 10 points, name this birthplace of Ottorino Respighi and Niccolò Paganini.

Abraham Lincoln

A city named for this man was originally named Lancaster and has the second-tallest capitol building in the United States. A park named for this man includes the Alfred Caldwell Lily Pool, and a statue of this man in that park is subtitled "The Man." That park is the second-most visited park in the United States and faces Lake (*) Michigan. The most well-known statue of this man is situated in front of a large reflecting pool, was designed by Daniel Chester French, and features an inscription of his Second Inaugural Address. For 10 points, name this president portrayed seated in sculpture at a memorial in Washington, D.C.

Appalachian Spring

A clarinet solo in this musical work introduces a theme over repeated E-flats, with five subsequent variations on the theme that end with a rousing cut-time C-major section. That movement in this work, marked "Doppio movimento," corresponds to scenes depicting the daily activity of a (*) Bride and Husbandman. This work's title comes from a Hart Crane poem and was originally titled "Ballet for Martha" after its choreographer, Martha Graham. This ballet quotes the Shaker hymn "Simple Gifts" and follows Pennsylvanian pioneers. For 10 points, name this ballet by Aaron Copland.

Kingdom of Spain

A composer from this country wrote an E-flat Major "Evocation" followed by movements named for this country's cities. "A Distant Dance" is the second movement of a piano work depicting "Nights in the Gardens of <this country>." In a ballet analogizing Love as a magician, a composer from this country included a (*) "Ritual Fire Dance." That composer from here also wrote The Three-Cornered Hat. Miles Davis included a jazz setting of a Joaquin Rodrigo concerto in his album titled "Sketches of <this country>". For 10 points, name this European country, the home of the tenors Placido Domingo and José Carreras.

violins

A concerto for this instrument begins with the timpani playing four soft Ds before the woodwinds enter. Beethoven wrote two Romances for this instrument and orchestra and ten sonatas for it and piano. The last of Mozart's five concerti for this instrument is in A major and is nicknamed "Turkish." Pieces for this instrument with difficult double stops have nicknames like "Devil's Laughter" and "Devil's (*) Trill." Beethoven wrote the "Spring" and "Kreutzer" sonatas for it. 24 Caprices were written for this instrument by Paganini. Vivaldi's The Four Seasons features this instrument. For 10 points, name this highest string instrument.

melting watches from The Persistence of Memory

A dead moth sits next to one of these objects in a painting titled for one "at the moment of first explosion." In another 1954 painting, a fish swims at one of these objects, underwater, surrounded by prisms formed by the disintegration of matter. These objects were inspired by the sight of Camembert cheese in the sun. One of these objects hangs on a dead olive tree (*) branch. Another of these objects lays atop a deformed, dying animal with long eyelashes. An orange one is covered in ants. They appear in a desert in front of yellow cliffs in a 1931 surrealist painting. For 10 points, name these objects painted by Salvador Dali in The Persistence of Memory.

France (or French Republic; or République française)

A director from this country wrote the essay "A Defense and Illustration of the Classical Construction," which argued in favor of montage. A film from this country ends on a slow zoom in and freeze frame of a boy standing on a beach, and a director from this country famously used an overabundance of jump cuts in his first film. The movies (*) Breathless and The 400 Blows were from this country. A movement from this country produced the concept of the "auteur" director and produced directors like Jean-Luc Godard and François Truffaut. For 10 points, name this country of origin of the New Wave and the site of the Cannes Film Festival.

Johann Strauss II (or Johann Strauss the Younger, or Johann Strauss Jr.; do not accept Richard Strauss, or Johann Strauss Sr., or the Elder)

A fading trumpet closes one of this man's compositions, which shares its name with a song cycle by Mikhail Glinka; that work is called A Farewell to St. Petersburg. The opening measures of a work by this composer is scribbled with, "Alas, not by Johannes Brahms" on a postcard. Another lively work of this composer is performed without bows; that is the Pizzicato (*) Polka. This composer also wrote a D-major polka called Tritsch-Tratsch. Gabriel von Eisenstein is sentenced to prison in this man's comic operetta. For ten points, name this Viennese "Waltz King", the composer of Die Fledermaus and On the Beautiful Blue Danube.

The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp

A faint arch and a poster can be seen in the background of this work. The lower right of this painting features an open book with frayed edges. A man in the center of this painting had just committed a robbery prior to being subjected to the (*) titular action. The title figure of this painting holds forceps and is depicted explaining the muscle movement of the arm. A group of onlookers in black circle around a body in, for 10 points, what 1632 painting by Rembrandt depicting a medical scene?

the Soviet Union

A film from this country features a crossdressing man in a creepy white mask during a ten-minute dance scene which, unlike the rest of the movie, is shot in color. The theory of "film-eye" developed by a director from this country can be seen in his film Man with a Movie Camera. One film from this country is divided into five movements and begins with a (*) mutiny over rotten meat. A scene from that movie from this country shows a baby carriage rolling down the Odessa Steps. For 10 points, name this country whose directors include Dziga Vertov and the creator of Battleship Potemkin, Sergei Eisenstein.

Japan

A film from this country features a town of lepers who once used metallic sands to make firearms. That film from this country begins with the protagonist being chased by a boar god that turns out to have been "corrupted" by a ball from Irontown. In another film from this country, the protagonist remembers the name of a now-developed riverbed, freeing a boy who had earlier been mobbed by (*) paper demons. In that film from this country, the protagonist cleans a sludgy river spirit while working for Yubaba in a haunted bathhouse. For 10 points, name this country home to Studio Ghibli, whose films Princess Mononoke and Spirited Away were directed by Hayao Miyazaki.

Federative Republic of Brazil (or República Federativa do Brasil)

A film from this country opens with a series of shaky motion shots showing a group of children chasing a chicken. A composer from this country combined its folk music with Baroque influences to create a series of Bachianas named for this country. A cathedral in its capital city made of 16 white (*) hyperboloid arcs was designed by Oscar Niemeyer, and it is the setting for the film City of God. A statue on Mount Corcovado in this country shows the title religious figure with both arms outstretched. For 10 points, name this home country of Heitor Villa-Lobos, in which Christ the Redeemer stands above Rio de Janeiro.

French

A film in this language includes a piano-accompanied, dress-up dance of death, and a quick-cut montage of rabbits and pheasants being shot by a hunting party. That film in this language ends after Schumacher shoots Andre in a greenhouse, and opens with Andre's plane landing. Another film in this language shows its protagonist flourishing a revolver in a convertible using an innovative series of (*) jump cuts. In that film in this language, Patricia hawks the New York Herald Tribune and dates a Humphrey Bogart-obsessed man. This language of The Rules of the Game was used in "New Wave" films like Breathless. For 10 points, name this language of Jean Renoir and Jean-Luc Godard.

String quartet

A five movement C minor piece of this genre was written alongside the film score "Five Days - Five Nights," and commemorates the bombing of Dresden. Three Beethoven works in this genre each contain a Russian Theme, and are named after their commissioner, Count (*) Razumovsky. Schubert's "Death and the Maiden" is written in this form, as are chamber works titled "Emperor" and "Sunrise." This ensemble was developed into its modern form by Joseph Haydn. For 10 points, name this musical ensemble that includes two violins, a viola, and a cello.

Edward Hopper

A ghastly white-clad clown sits at a table with a group of people in this artist's Soir Bleu. This artist painted a woman with only one glove on staring into a cup of coffee while alone at the title location. There appears to be no exit one building in this artist's most famous paintings while another depicts a (*) barber pole in front of a row of buildings on Seventh Avenue. An advertisement for Phillies Cigars appears at the top of one painting by this artist of Early Sunday Morning and Automat. For 10 points, name this American painter of Nighthawks.

Frank Gehry

A giant fish sculpture designed by this architect was built in Barcelona at the Port Olimpic for the 1992 Olympics. The Gates Tower and the Dreyfoos Tower are part of this architect's design for the Stata Center at MIT. The Sky Church is located in one building by this architect in Seattle that resembles a "smashed electric (*) guitar". In addition to the Museum of Pop Culture, this architect designed a museum with titanium-clad curves next to the Nervion River in Spain. For 10 points, name this architect of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao and the Walt Disney Concert Hall.

Italy

A husband in this country believes that the first man to sleep with his wife after she drinks a fertility potion will die; that ruse gives Sostrata's daughter a night with Callimaco. In another play from this country, the Maniac forces inspectors to recreate an anarchist's "fall" from a window. Besides The Mandrake, this country also produced a play in which a character is attracted when hats and cloaks are hung on pegs. In that play from this nation, a girl (*) drowns in a fountain, and Madame Pace and The Father interrupt the Director's stage rehearsals. For 10 points, identify this country where Six Characters in Search of an Author was written by Luigi Pirandello.

the Netherlands

A landscape painter from this nation painted cloud-covered landscapes like The Jewish Cemetery. This nation was home to artistic families like the Claesz ["clahss"], the Cuyp ["cowp"], and the Ruisdael ["ROWS-dahl"]. A painter from this country depicted rowdy household scenes like The Feast of Saint Nicholas, which centers on a little blonde girl in a golden dress. Another painter from this nation depicted a pregnant Woman in Blue (*) Reading a Letter, and a blue and yellow-dressed Milkmaid. That painter from this country depicted maps in The Geographer and The Art of Painting. For 10 points, name this nation home to Jan Steen ["yawn" "stain"], and the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, Jan Vermeer.

viola da braccio

A lento pastorale opens Debussy's sonata for flute, harp, and this instrument. Paganini was infuriated by the number of rests for this solo instrument in a symphony he commissioned for it, which represents the title character "In the Mountains" and a "March of Pilgrims". The first movement of Brahms's German Requiem gives the upper melody to this solo instrument of (*) Harold in Italy, since it omits violins. For 10 points, name this second-smallest instrument of the strings section, which reads in alto clef.

horses (or equines; or mares; accept Horse Fair before "these animals" is read)

A major work from Picasso's Rose Period shows a naked boy with one of these animals. To avoid attention, Rosa Bonheur dressed as a man while sketching studies for her painting of a Fair of these animals, and a Gericault ["JERR-uh-coh"] painting shows several of these animals in (*) motion at Epsom. One of these animals pokes through a curtain in Henry Fuseli's The Nightmare, and Kandinsky founded a movement named for a "Blue" man atop one of these animals. For 10 points, name these animals, one of which appears in Jacques-Louis David's portrait of Napoleon "Crossing the Alps" while riding a rearing white one of these animals.

Johann Sebastian Bach

A man complains about his daughter's disobedience in a piece by this composer in which the narrator instructs the audience to "be still, stop chattering". Another work in that genre by this man is known as Sleepers Awake. After the death of Augustus the Strong, this composer wrote a piece whose Symbolum Nicenum section contains the movements "Et in spiritum sanctum" and "Crucifixus". The aria "Sheep May Safely Graze" appears in this composer's (*) Hunting Cantata. This man's other works include thirty variations on a G major aria and a set of six pieces for a German margrave. For 10 points, name this composer of the Mass in B minor, the Goldberg Variations, and the Brandenburg Concertos.

Noon before mention)

A man dressed in black and holding a long stick appears in a canoe at the right of this painting. Charles X awarded a gold medal to this painting at the Paris Salon. Tiny white dots in the background of this work depict workers in a distant field, while in the foreground, a small dog stares at the title object. A (*) chimney at the left of this work wisps out a small amount of smoke, and this painting originally title Landscape: Noon centers on Willy Lott's cottage. Three horses wear red harnesses as they ford the small lake at the center of this painting. For 10 points, name this landscape depicting the title farm conveyance, the masterwork of John Constable.

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

A man in one of this artist's sculptures may be leaning away from the facade of the Church of Sant'Agnese for fear of it crumbling on him. This artist sculpted a dove on the alabaster window of the Throne of St. Peter. Members of the Cornaro family can be seen watching the title event from a balcony in one of this sculptor's works. This sculptor depicted the (*) Ganges and Rio de la Plata in his Fountain of the Four Rivers. In this sculptor's most famous work, an angel aims an arrow at the title saint while light rains down. For 10 points, name this sculptor who created the Ecstasy of St. Teresa.

green

A man wearing this color shirt tears off Jesus's clothes in El Greco's ​Disrobing of ​Christ. A woman holds a black lamb as people walk between sand dunes in the background of a Paul Gauguin painting titled for this color. This is the color of the ceiling in The (*) ​Night Café and the curtain in the background of The Ambassadors. This is the color of the woman's dress in the Arnolfini Wedding. Henri Matisse painted his wife with her facebisected by a stripe of this color. An apple of this color obscures the face of Magritte's The Son of Man. For 10 points, John Constable's Dedham Vale uses what color to depict the trees and grass?

Gustav Holst

A movement by this composer begins by alternating between E minor and G-sharp minor chords in 5/4 time, and he set several hymns from the Rig Veda to music. This composer wrote two suites in E-flat and F for band, the latter of which contains a Fantasia on the Dargason that also concludes his (*) St. Paul's Suite. The last movement of a work by him features a wordless six-part female chorus. This man wrote a work containing a movement with a col legno march-like ostinato in 5/4 time, and has movements subtitled "the Mystic" and "the Bringer of War." For 10 points, name this composer who named movements after Jupiter and Mars in his The Planets.

piano sonata

A movement marked Precipitato ends the highly dissonant seventh piece in this genre by Prokofiev, one of three that he composed during World War II. Descending tritones open a "quasi-[one of these pieces]" based on the Divine Comedy. The final section of a single-movement piece in this genre is a fugato marked Allegro energico; that massive work in B minor was written by (*) Franz Liszt. A funeral march is the third movement of Chopin's B-flat minor piece of this type. One of these pieces by Mozart imitated the sound of Turkish janissary bands in the third movement "Rondo alla turca". For ten points, name this type of composition for solo piano exemplified by Beethoven's "Moonlight".

New York , New York

A museum in this city was first directed by Alfred H. Barr, Jr. This city was the base of a photographer known for black-and-white, square pictures. In a photograph, a boy makes a face and has one shoulder strap off while standing in this city and holding a toy hand grenade. In this city, the co ntroversial series Woman was created by Willem de (*) Kooning. It was photographed by Diane Arbus and Alfred Stieglitz. Almost all of the works of Jackson Pollock were first exhibited in this city. In this city, Abstract Expressionism was patronized by Peggy Guggenheim. For 10 points, name this large American city home to the MoMA and the Met.

kissing (or any synonymous answer that implies the act of lips touching lips)

A notable instance of this action occurs for two-and-a-half minutes in the film Notorious directed by Alfred Hitchcock. A painting showing a man in a feathered cap and this action occurring at the bottom of some stairs was made by Francesco Hayez, and a rectangular sculpture of this action was made by (*) Constantin Brâncuși. Gold leaf decorates a work titled for this action made by Gustav Klimt, and Paolo and Francesca feature prominently in a sculpture of this action by Auguste Rodin. A photograph of Times Square on V-J Day depicts a sailor and a total stranger performing this action. For 10 points, describe this romantic action.

Mexico

A painter from this country depicted pineapples, wheat, and other plants being watered by an irrigation pipe below a hand that clutches a glowing orb. The crying subject of a painting from this country has white bands wrapped around her nude torso and is covered in nails. Injuries caused by a bus accident in this country were symbolized in the painting The (*) Broken Column. A mural was repainted in this country after being destroyed for its depiction of Lenin. A painter from this country emphasized her unibrow in many self-portraits, and married the painter of Man at the Crossroads. For 10 points, name this home country of Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo.

England

A painter from this country used thick, visible brushstrokes and "shockingly" vibrant greens in landscapes that inspired Delacroix to repaint The Massacre at Chios. That man from this country rejected idealized landscapes by painting directly from nature, which inspired the Barbizon school. A cathedral in this country was depicted under a rainbow in (*) views "from the meadows" and "from the bishop's grounds." Another painting from this country depicts a small dog by a river that is being forded by the title cart. This country's 19th-century countryside was depicted in Dedham Vale and The Hay Wain. For 10 points, name this home country of John Constable.

gold

A painting by Charles Demuth inspired by William Carlos Williams's "The Great Figure" features three number fives in this color. Adele Bloch-Bauer I is clothed in a dress of this color in a portrait, and due to the fact that another work was splattered with this color, that painting's artist was accused by John Ruskin of "flinging a pot of paint in the public's face." The central figures of another work where black squares represent masculinity and colored ovals represent femininity are cloaked in this color, which is paired with black in a Nocturne by James Whistler featuring a "Falling Rocket." For 10 points, name this dominant color and foil material used in Gustav Klimt's The Kiss.

Jacques-Louis David

A painting by this artist depicts the founder of the Roman Republic brooding while officers bring in the bodies of his sons. Another painting by this artist depicts a man in an orange robe looking away as the central figure points upward and reaches for a cup. In another painting by this artist of The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons, a woman in a blue dress faints on a bench on the right foreground while three(*) brothers reach for a handful of swords. A third painting by this artist depicts a man holding a letter in a bathtub after being murdered by Charlotte Corday. For 10 points, name this French artist of The Death of Socrates, The Oath of the Horatii ["Hor-ay-shee-eye"], and The Death of Marat.

Joseph Turner

A painting by this artist depicts two trees on its left and mobs of putti ["poo-tee"] flocking to the title object. Another painting by this artist of The Fountain of Indolence was inspired by a Thomas Clarkson book retelling the events aboard the Zong and is housed in Boston's Museum of Fine Arts. That painting by this artist shows floating bodies being left behind by a (*) ship sailing in a storm. In his most famous work, this artist portrayed a hare running alongside a train. For 10 points, name this artist of Slave Ship and Rain, Steam and Speed.

boats or ships

A painting featuring one of these objects shows a plate of cherries lying on a wooden board in front of a lute-playing nun, and that painting is by Hieronymus Bosch. A woman wearing a blue and red dress holds her baby in a Mary Cassatt work whose canvas is dominated by a green one of these things. James Monroe holds an American flag and (*) stands on one of these things in a painting by Emanuel Leutze. The word "GLOUCESTER" is written in black paint on the back of one of these objects in a painting by Winslow Homer, who depicted a black man in one of these objects surrounded by sharks. For ten points, name these modes of transportation featured in Breezing Up and Gulf Stream.

Cubism

A painting in this style shows a newspaper, a coffee cup, and a rose vase on top of a woman's vanity table. This art style derives its name from a Louis Vauxcelles' remark about a painting of a French fishing village by Georges Braque, and it can be divided into (*) "analytic" and "synthetic" varieties. One painting in this style features a Pierrot playing the clarinet, a harlequin on guitar, and a singing monk. Another famous painting of this style features five nude women with faces inspired by African masks. For 10 points, name this twentieth century art movement championed by Pablo Picasso that emphasized the flat picture plane.

The Last Supper

A painting titled for this scene focuses on a figure who holds a red beverage while pointing upward, and mountains can be seen through the pentagonal windows in back of that work. Andrea del Castagno's depiction of this scene gives halos to many of the figures, and three giant arches dominate the background of a work by Paolo Veronese originally (*) titled for this scene, which was renamed The Feast in the House of Levi. Tintoretto painted this scene on a diagonal axis, and in the best known version of this scene, Judas clutches a bag of silver and St. John sits next to the central figure. For ten points, name this religious scene that shows Jesus consuming his final meal, most famously painted by Leonardo da Vinci.

Edward Hopper

A parody of one of this man's works made by Banksy shows a man wearing Union Jack boxers standing next to two overturned plastic chairs; that artwork by this man is said to depict a location in Mulry Square. A man sitting at a desk looks out the large window of a white, featureless building in this artist's (*) Office in a Small City. Two women converse in a Chinese restaurant in his Chop Suey, while his most famous work includes two coffee canisters, an advertisement for Phillies cigars, and shows a man in a fedora sitting next to a woman in a red dress. For 10 points, name this artist who depicted the patrons of a diner in Nighthawks.

September 11th terrorist attacks

A photograph taken during this event shows Marcy Borders in an all-yellow room covered in dust. Two huge waterfalls inside oak forests were designed by Michael Arad after this event. A composition about this event uses a tape recorder that repeats the word "Missing" and reads a list of (*) names. After it, 88 searchlights were installed to make the Tribute in Light. Daniel Liebiskind designed a tower with triangular facades after this event. John Adams' "On the Transmigration of Souls" was written in response to it. The "Falling Man" photo was taken during it. For 10 points, name this event memorialized by the Freedom Tower at Ground Zero.

New York City (or NYC; anti-prompt

A photograph taken in this city showing Greta Garbo in a candid moment began Bill Cunningham's career in this city. Photos in this city of a "Jewish giant" and a boy holding a toy hand grenade were taken by Diane Arbus, and Richard Drew captured a photo of an (*) upside-down man backgrounded against a building he had just leapt from. Falling Man was taken in this city, as was a photo snapped by Albert Eisenstadt in 1945 showing a nurse being bent backwards and kissed by a sailor celebrating the end of World War II. For 10 points, name this setting of V-J Day in Times Square.

Poland

A pianist-composer from this country famously played with so much rubato that dances in three-four sounded almost like they were in four-four. This country hosts a piano competition that brought Maurizio Pollini and Martha Argerich to fame. This country is evoked by a genre of piano pieces with nicknames like "Military" and (*) "Heroic." Poetry from this country supposedly inspired one of its composers to write four Ballades. The mazurka is from this country. An uprising in this country inspired the "Revolutionary" Étude. For 10 points, name this home country of Frédéric Chopin ["shoh-PAA"], who evoked it in his polonaises.

Symphony No. 1 (or first symphony; accept just one or first after "symphony" is given, prompt on partial answer otherwise)

A piece of this type AND number was so poorly received that it was not performed again for another forty-eight years. A piece of this type and number was written as a graduation piece at the Petrograd Conservatory, and begins with a solo trumpet playing in common time. Dvorak's piece of this type and number was lost shortly after its composition, and is subtitled (*) "The Bells of Zlonice." Brahms's work of this type and number was so influenced by the style of another composer that it was called "Beethoven's Tenth." For 10 points, give this symphony number which is also shared by Rimsky-Korsakov's opus 1.

pianoforte (or keyboard)

A player of this instrument founded the group Return to Forever and launched the career of fellow player Hiromi Uehara, and James P. Johnson pioneered a playing style for it named "stride." A trio led by a player of this instrument released a three-four piece written for his niece called "Waltz for Debby." Fats Waller and Chick Corea played this instrument, as did the composer of the standard (*) "Straight No Chaser." Like the guitar, this instrument is often used in jazz for its ability to play chords. Bill Evans and Thelonious Monk played--for 10 points--what instrument, whose performance is sometimes nicknamed "tickling the ivories?"

trumpet

A player of this instrument popularized the songs "Potato Head Blues" and "Heebie Jeebies" while recording with the Hot Five and Hot Seven Bands. Another player of this instrument worked with Chano Pozo on one of the foundational tunes of Afro-Cuban jazz, "Manteca." The composer of the bebop tune (*) "Salt Peanuts" puffed out his cheeks while playing a bent version of this instrument. This was the primary instrument of Dizzy Gillespie as well as the composer of a song with the lyrics "And I think to myself / What a wonderful world." For 10 points, name this instrument played by Louis Armstrong.

trumpets

A player of this instrument who died at age 25 was memorialized by Benny Golson's song "I Remember Clifford." Another player of this instrument often sang the title of one of his songs to the octave jumping figure in its "A" section. This was the highest instrument in "The Quintet," which also featured Charles Mingus, Bud Powell, and Max Roach. A player of this instrument wrote (*) "Salt Peanuts," "Groovin' High," and "A Night in Tunisia," helping to create bebop. Charlie Parker often collaborated with a man who puffed out his cheeks while playing one of these instruments with a bent horn. For 10 points, name this instrument played by Dizzy Gillespie and Louis Armstrong.

guitars

A player of this instrument wrote "Minor Swing" and "Nuages." A kind of it was popularized in "Call It Stormy Monday." A player of it wrote "See That My Grave Is Kept Clean." Players of it use a "bottleneck" tube or its "lap" variety to play glissandos. Violinist Stéphane Grappelli worked with a player of it who had two paralyzed (*) fingers on his left hand. Another player of this instrument wrote "Crossroads," supposedly about where he sold his soul to the Devil. This instrument was played by Blind Lemon Jefferson, Robert Johnson, and Django Reinhardt. For 10 points, Les Paul introduced what instrument's electric version, which was played by Jimi Hendrix?

Napoleon Bonaparte (or Napoleon I of France; or Napoleone de Buonaparte; prompt on Bonaparte)

A portrait of this man hangs in the background of John Everett Millais's The Brunswickers. One painting of this man includes the inscription "KAROLVS MAGNUS IMP" ["carolus magnus imp"] on a rock in the foreground. Several naked, sick men in a mosque greet this man in an Antoine-Jean Gros painting of him visiting plague victims at (*) Jaffa. This man sits atop a rearing white horse and prepares to place a crown on his wife Josephine in portraits of him Crossing the Alps and being "coronated" that were painted by Jacque-Louis David. This man is frequently depicted holding his hand in his waistcoat. For 10 points, name this French emperor.

The Raft of the Medusa

A previous study for this work shows that its artist originally planned on incorporating cannibalism, and in preparation for it, Alexandre Correard was commissioned to create a life-sized model of its subject. At the Hospital Beaujon, this painting's artist studied severed limbs and human corpses as inspiration. In the foreground of this work, a corpse's leg is wrapped around a beam of wood, and in the background, a tiny ship can be seen. The central figures in this work form a pyramid-like structure, which culminates in a shirtless man waving an orange cloth. For 10 points, name this work which depicts the survivors of a shipwreck, a painting by Theodore Gericault.

sonata​s

A really fast, dissonant, D-minor piece in this genre, which imitates guitars with a lot of difficult repeated notes in the right hand, has been​ nicknamed "toccata." Thirty of these pieces published as "​Essercizii" ("eh-sehr-CHEE-tzee") form the first thirty entries in the Kirkpatrick catalogue. Many Baroque composers wrote pieces for two violins and bass called "Trio [this]." This genre gives its name to a form with an (*) exposition, development, and recapitulation. Domenico Scarlatti wrote 555 harpsichord pieces in this genre. A Mozart piece in this genre ends with a "rondo alla turca." For 10 points, name this instrumental genre which Beethoven used in pieces nicknamed "Waldstein" and "Moonlight."

The Persistence of Memory

A recreation of this painting shows a dead tree split into six parts and a large fish being pelted with bullet-like projections to the right. That work, which is dominated by several floating bricks, is the "Disintegration" of this painting. A central figure in this painting may have been a self-portrait, and its artist claimed that it was inspired by a piece of Camembert cheese (*) melting in the sun. Golden cliffs in the background of this painting are reflected in the water, and a grotesque, human-like figure lies in the center. This painting shows several ants swarming over a red object to the left, and three melting clocks are draped across its landscape. For ten points, name this surrealist work of Salvador Dali.

lions

A red sandstone sculpture of one of these creatures commemorates the Siege of Belfort during the FrancoPrussianWar and was designed by Frédéric Bartholdi. A relief sculpture of two of these creatures flanking a pillar isthe namesake of the main gate to the ancient city of Mycenae. Four bronze sculptures of these creatures designed bySir Edwin Landseer surround Nelson's Column in Trafalgar Square. A bronze sculpture of a winged one of theseanimals stands atop a granite column in Saint Mark's Square and has become a symbol of the city of Venice. For 10points, name this feline animal, fu sculptures of which guard the Forbidden City in Beijing.

Georges(-Pierre) Seurat

A row of dancers with raised legs performs a quadrille in this artist's work Le Chahut. In one work by this artist, a woman in yellow rides a bright white horse in front of a grinning clown. This artist of The Circus also painted two soldiers standing behind a trumpet player in another work. This man invented the style of (*) "chromoluminarism," with which he made use of a Charles Blanc's color wheel. An island on the right side of his painting Bathers at Asnières is the setting of another of this man's works that includes a woman walking a monkey on a leash. For 10 points, name this French painter of Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte who developed pointillism.

Gutzon Borglum

A sculpture by this artist shows the titular civil war general halting his horse by pulling on its reins while holding his hat. Along with General Philip Sheridan, another one of this artist's sculptures shows a man bending his knees and stretching out his arms which are attached to wings. Another sculpture of this artist depicts the title mythical animals galloping away. Along with (*) The Aviator and Mares of Diomedes, his most famous work was carved using dynamite and displays the faces of four American presidents. For 10 points, name this sculptor of Mt. Rushmore.

Chicago, Illinois

A sculpture in this city depicts a woman with a horse-like elongated face, whose neck and hair are connected by a series of rods. This city is home to Joan Miró's sculpture The Sun, the Moon and One Star, as well as Alexander Calder's stabile Flamingo and a namesake namesake steel sculpture by Picasso. A park in this city houses a (*) bean-shaped, highly polished stainless steel sculpture called Cloud Gate by Anish Kapoor. A museum in this city owns Grant Wood's American Gothic, Edward Hopper's Nighthawks, and Georges Seurat's La Grande Jatte. For 10 points, name this midwestern city home to the Art Institute.

David

A sculpture showing this subject has a small crack in its ankle from its center of mass not aligning with the center of mass of the sculpture's base. The last work commissioned by Cardinal Scipione Borghese by one artist showed this subject twisting his torso in implied movement, about to unleash a certain object. (*) Bernini made one sculpture of this figure, and Donatello made a notable bronze sculpture of him with his enemy's decapitated head at his feet. The most famous sculpture of this subject is located in the Galleria dell'Accademia in Florence. For 10 points, name this biblical king whom Michelangelo sculpted holding a sling.

Paul Gauguin

A self-portrait by this artist shows him with a halo, an apple, and a snake on a red background. A creepy ghost stares at a nude woman lying on a bed in a painting by this artist based on his "wife" Teha'amana. A man in a loincloth picks a mango in the foreground of a canvas by this artist, which also shows a blue (*) idol representing the "beyond", and is meant to be read right to left. This painter of The Spirit of the Dead Keep Watch painted a landscape the same color as Christ's skin in a scene of the crucifixion with three Breton women included. For 10 points, name this houseguest of van Gogh who painted The Yellow Christ while living in Tahiti.

Thomas Eakins

A self-portrait of this man in his largest painting is often attributed to his wife, Susan MacDowell. In a painting this artist man made of a friend, an arched bridge appears over the Schuylkill River, on which that friend rows a small boat. This artist of Max Schmitt in a Single Scull also depicted a group of men and a nurse observing a mastectomy. The only woman in another painting by this man shields her eyes as medical students operate on a man's leg in a surgical theater. For 10 points, name this artist of the similarly named Philadelphia-set paintings The Agnew Clinic and The Gross Clinic.

Épisode de la vie d'un Artiste Â... en cinq parties

A sequel to this work, Lélio, portrays the central character awakening and conducting an orchestra. In the thirdmovement of this work, the English horn and oboe depict a conversation between two Alpine shepherds while thetimpani interrupts with claps of thunder. The strings play col legno in the final movement of this work, in which thebassoons and tubas play a sombre Dies Irae, followed by the trombones, as part of a witches' sabbath. The idée fixeappears in all five of its movements and represents the composer's love for the actress Harriet Smithson. For 10points, name this symphony by Hector Berlioz about a young artist poisoned with opium.

violin

A set of 12 "Academic" sonatas for this instrument, including one in E minor, were written by Veracini. Up to four of these instruments play the solos in L'estro armonico. Bach's concerti for this instrument are in A minor and E Major. Corelli's Op. 5, a set of 12 sonatas for this instrument, ends with a version of "La Follia." Bach's Sonatas and Partitas for this instrument solo include a lengthy D minor chaconne. Bach wrote a D minor "double concerto" for two of this instrument. This instrument imitates hunting horns by playing double stops on its A and E strings in Vivaldi's "Autumn," part of The Four Seasons. For 10 points, name this highest string instrument.

The Raft of the Medusa

A sketch created before painting this work depicted a gray-bearded man on his knees with his face resting on one hand and is known as Study for the Father Holding his Dead Son. Other studies leading up to this painting include one depicting cannibalism and many drawn from corpses at the Hospital Beaujon. The subjects of this work are (*) climbing on each other and face the Argos in the distance while at the top of the pile a shirtless man waves a white and orange cloth. For 10 points, name this painting depicting the survivors of an 1816 shipwreck by Theodore Gericault.

D major

A slow introduction to one Haydn work in this key begins with a double-dotted scale up to this key's dominant; that work is the London Symphony. One work in this key contains the line "He shall reign forever and ever" and repeats the work's title, "Hallelujah." In another work in this key, a cello repeats an (*) eight-chord phrase 28 times and accompanies three violins as a basso continuo. The heavy use of this key for celebrations in Baroque times led it to be known as the "key of glory," and it is the relative major of B minor. A Canon and Gigue in this key was written by Johann Pachelbel. For 10 points, name this major key with two sharps that is one whole step above C.

The Death of Socrates

A small bird is inscribed on a stone bench in this painting, which also features a burning lamp atop a pedestal inthe center. Two men beneath an arch in the left background lead the waving title figure's wife away from the centralscene, and a broken shackle lies on the floor in its foreground. A grieving man in blue leans against a wall, and Critoclutches the thigh of this work's title subject. The title figure's student sits at the foot of a bed in this work, whichportrays a weeping man in red handing the title figure a goblet. For 10 points, name this painting by Jacques-LouisDavid that depicts a Greek philosopher defiantly raising his finger as he prepares to drink hemlock.

The Hay Wain

A small raft is shrouded by small bushes on the right of this painting. The original title of this painting was "Landscape: Noon." This painting takes place in Flatford Mill and its left side features Willy Lott's cottage. In its foreground, a small black and white (*) dog walks on the edge of the River Stour. In the center of this painting, there are two black horses pulling the title agricultural tool. For ten points, name this painting by John Constable.

pianofortes

A sonata for this instrument begins by arpeggiating a C major triad up to G; then leaps down to B; then a rapid "C-D-C." Concerti for this instrument have nicknames like "Jeunehomme," "Coronation," and "Elvira Madigan." Clementi and Czerny ["churny"] wrote books of etudes for this instrument. A sonata for this instrument was supposedly inspired by The (*) Tempest, and the "Emperor" concerto and the "Hammerklavier" sonata were written for it. Mozart wrote 27 concertos to show off his skill on it, and Beethoven wrote 32 sonatas for it. For 10 points, name this instrument, for which Mozart wrote variations on the tune of "Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star," as well as a "Rondo Alla Turca."

London

A structure in this city designed by Richard Seifert serves as the headquarters for NatWest and is known as Tower 42. Triangular glass panes adorn the sides of a building designed by Norman Foster for the Swiss Re company in this city; that building is nicknamed "the gherkin". This city, the site where Edward the Confessor rebuilt St. Peter's Abbey, is also home to the (*) Tate Modern. A gold-topped column here commemorates the 1666 fire which devastated this city, whose buildings were subsequently redesigned by Christopher Wren. For 10 points, name this city whose landmarks include St. Paul's Cathedral, Westminster Abbey, and Big Ben.

Tombs of the Unknown Soldier of World War I

A structure of this type in Batalha Monastery is surmounted by a gothic-style metal crucifix. One of thesestructures was the only part of the Saxon Palace not demolished in the destruction of Warsaw. The first moderneternal flame in Europe was lit at a structure of this type at the Arc de Triomphe. Bouquets from British royalweddings are laid at this structure in Westminster Abbey, which was dedicated on Armistice Day, 1920; theAmerican structure of this type was dedicated the following year. For 10 points, name this type of structure, anexample of which is the final resting place of "An American Soldier, Known but to God" at Arlington NationalCemetery.

Franz Josef Haydn

A symphony by this composer has a "Minuetto al Roverso" third movement, where the second theme is the reverse of the first theme, giving it its nickname. Written during wartime stress, this composer's Mass for Troubled Times gradually had its nickname changed, in honor of the victor at the Battle of the Nile. This composer wrote an oratorio that opens with the "Representation of Chaos," The(*) Creation. This composer wrote twelve symphonies during his time in London. For 10 points name this composer of the Lord Nelson Mass, and 104 symphonies, including the "Palindrome", "Farewell", and "Surprise."

Johann Sebastian Bach

A theme from the last movement of a work by this composer is the foundation for the tone row in Anton Webern's String Quartet. This composer used a plainchant found in the St. Thomas Gradual as the opening fugal theme to the "Symbolum Nicenum" ["Sim-bol-um Ni-cee-num"], which functions as the Credo section of a larger work. The basis of Gounod's Ave Maria comes from this composer's collection of 24(*) preludes and fugues. This composer wrote a work to help with a Count's insomnia, which consists of 30 variations on an aria. For 10 points, name this German Baroque composer of The Art of the Fugue, Mass in B Minor, Goldberg Variations and the Well-Tempered Clavier.

The Ambassadors

A tiny crucifix is half-hidden by green curtains in the upper left corner of this painting. The commissioner of this painting, Jean de Dinteville, is holding a golden dagger in his right hand. Georges de Selve rests his arm on a shelf covered with a piece of red and black fabric holding a (*) quadrant, globe, sundial and other instruments in this painting. A hymnbook, along with a broken lute and a second globe are directly above the memento mori, the large distorted skull that lies in between the two figures in this painting. For 10points, name this painting by Hans Holbein the Younger.

I and the Village

A tree comes out of the hand of a man wearing a yellow cross at the bottom of this work. That figure wears a red ring and a red cap embroidered with triangles. Two upside-down houses lie between a yellow church and three houses in this painting that depicts the artist's memories of his native city (*) Vitebsk. On the upper-left corner of this work, a woman collects milk from a cow and a woman plays the violin next to a scythe-wielding man. The two central figures are a lamb and a green-colored man gazing into each other's eyes. For ten points, name this Cubist painting by Marc Chagall.

The Death of Marat

A variant of this painting made by Paul Baudry shows a woman in a blue dress illuminated by light. Pentangeli's death in The Godfather Part II vividly mimics this painting. A naked woman stares directly at the viewer in Edward Munch's version of it. This painting's artist signed his name on a woodblock placed in front of a green rug. Its central figure holds a piece of (*) paper in his left hand and a quill in his right. Though this painting does not depict Charlotte Corday, the title character is bleeding from her knife wound. For 10 points, name this painting set in the bathtub of an assassinated French revolutionary, made by Jacques-Louis David.

Pietà

A version of this sculpture depicting Nicodemus was destroyed by the artist, then given to Francesco Bandini. Jean de Bilheres [BEEL-airs] commissioned this sculpture for his funeral monument. The rocks of Golgotha form its base. Caravaggio imitated the sagging right arm in this sculpture in his Entombment. An unnaturally tall and young (*) woman in this sculpture wears an incredibly billowing dress. For fear of having this work stolen, its sculptor signed his name across a sash. This marble sculpture, which sits in St. Peter's Basilica, shows a woman cradling her dead son. For 10 points, name this sculpture by Michelangelo of Christ and Mary.

skulls

A white hollyhock flower is suspended next to one of these objects in midair in a 1935 canvas. One of these objects resembles Jesus' crucifix in a painting subtitled for the colors red, white, and blue. These objects, which are commonly shown in vanitas still-lifes, are stacked in a pyramid in a painting by Paul Cezanne. One sits below an (*) astrolabe, at the feet of the Dintevilles, but extremely distorted and oriented diagonally, in Holbein the Younger's painting of The Ambassadors. These objects were often shown along with flowers by Georgia O'Keeffe. For 10 points, name these objects often used to symbolize the Day of the Dead.

Hungary

A work by one composer from this country features an "interrupted intermezzo" movement and a "Game of Pairs." That composer also wrote a trio that begins with a military dance from this country, the verbunkos. The traditional cimbalom is scored in the Háry János ("YA-nosh") Suite by this country's (*) Zoltán Kodály ("KO-die"). Another composer from this country wrote a series of 19 works inspired by its Roma music. This country is home to the composer of Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta and the piano collection Mikrokosmos. For 10 points, name this native country of Béla Bartók and Franz Liszt, who wrote a series of "Rhapsodies" named for it.

political cartoons (prompt on propaganda until "propagandistic"; prompt on newspapers, pamphlets, posters, and other more general types of media; prompt on drawings or engravings or lithographs)

A work in this genre by William White shows a man holding a whip tipped with miniature swords and axes as he's thrown off a horse, and a sash with the Latin phrase "Date Obolum Bellisario" is draped over a globe next to a dismembered woman in an example of these works. In one of them, John Malcolm has a kettle shoved in his mouth for his role as an "excise-man" while a (*) crowd tars-and-feathers him. One work in this genre depicts a snake cut into eight pieces above the words "Join or Die" and was made by Benjamin Franklin. For 10 points, name these propagandistic drawings that often appeared in Revolutionary-era newspapers.

pipe organ

Aaron Copland's first symphony was originally written for this instrument and orchestra. Nineteen preludes for this instrument were written by a composer who was so famous for his technique that (*) J.S. Bach walked 250 miles to see him perform. This instrument was played by Dieterich Buxtehude, and the phrase "pull out all the stops" originates from a way to play this instrument extremely loudly by admitting as much air as possible. This instrument titles the third symphony of Camille Saint-Saëns. Bach's Toccata and Fugue in D minor is written for, for 10 points, what large keyboard instrument often found in churches?

Peer Gynt

After the original theme is played by cellos, bassoons, and double basses, the fourth movement of this work becomes transposed to F-sharp major from B minor. That movement accelerandos into prestissimo tempo before the next movement, "The (*) Abduction of the Bride". An oboe and flute depict a sunrise in 6/8 time in the movement titled "Morning Mood" while a theme of staccato eighth notes represent the title character's escape from trolls in its most famous movement. For 10 points, name this set of two suites whose fourth movement is "In the Hall of the Mountain King", composed by Edvard Grieg.

graffiti (or graffito; prompt on "murals;" prompt on "street art")

Al Diaz and another artist appended a copyright symbol to works in this medium which were attributed to SAMO. The outlines of dancing bodies frequently appeared in Keith Haring's works in this medium. A hard-to-decipher form of this medium is called (*) "wildstyle," and it was practiced by Jean-Michel Basquiat. A notable artist in this medium uses a stencil technique to create works like one of a bandana-wearing man lobbing a bouquet of flowers. Creators of these artworks often sign them with "tags." For 10 points, name this art form practiced by Banksy that often uses spray paint and is viewed by some as vandalism.

Miles Davis

An album by this performer contains a song titled after guitarist John McLaughlin, and the title song of that album contains 15 tape edits. A song by this performer contains a two-chord phrase that's repeated in D and E-flat Dorian, and he arranged the Adagio from Rodrigo's Concierto de Aranjuez in his album (*) Sketches of Spain. One of this performer's albums includes the tracks "Boplicity" and "Moon Dreams," and another pioneered modal jazz with songs such as "Blue in Green," "Freddie Freeloader," and "So What." For 10 points each, name this trumpeter whose albums include Birth of the Cool and Kind of Blue.

Vienna

An art movement from this city issued the magazine Ver Sacrum. An artist from this city depicted a half-dressed Judith with a barely-visible head of Holofernes. A painting in this city includes sections like "Paradise Chorus." Oskar Kokoschka spent his early career in it, and Egon Schiele was from it. In one painting, an artist from this city used black rectangles and flower-colorful ovals to represent "Man" and "Woman." That artist from this city painted many (*) eyes on the dress of Adele Bloch-Bauer, and used gold leaf throughout the Beethoven Frieze and The Kiss. For 10 points, name this home of an expressionist "secession" led by Gustav Klimt.

landscape painting

An artist best-known for these paintings often included small and "insignificant" rückenfiguren, or people with their backs to the viewer, in them. The Stages of Life is an allegorical painting of this kind. Durand's Kindred Spirits is a painting of this kind. Camille Corot is best known for his paintings of this kind. Caspar David Friedrich's Tetschen Altar was lambasted for basically being one of these paintings. (*) Romantic artists focused on this kind of painting, often including ruins. Series of this kind of painting include The Voyage of Life. Huge ones were made by Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Cole, and other members of the Hudson River school. For 10 points, name these depictions of natural scenery.

England

An artist from this country decorated a sobbing African lady with map pins and glitter in his work No Woman, No Cry. That artist, who uses elephant dung in many of his pieces, is Chris Ofili. Other artists born in this nation include a man famous for a work titled after Diego Velazquez nicknamed "The Screaming Pope" as well as a graffiti artist who created a documentary on Thierry Guetta titled (*) "Exit Through the Gift Shop". An artist from this country made a platinum skull covered in diamonds, while another of his works is a shark preserved in formaldehyde. Francis Bacon, Banksy, and Damien Hirst are all from, for ten points, what country whose Big Ben and Westminster Abbey are located in London?

Germany

An artist from this country developed a technique which involved scraping paint across a canvas known as "grattage." That artist married Peggy Guggenheim and painted works such as Ubu Imperator. George Grozs spearheaded an art movement in this country known as "New Objectivity." The (*) Fagus Factory was built by two architects from this country, one of whom would found an architecture school in it. For 10 points, name this country where Walter Gropius and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe were members of the Bauhaus School in Weimar.

Japan (or Nippon)

An artist from this country frequently uses a character with large mouse ears called Mr. DOB and was the author of the "Superflat Manifesto." An artist from this country made a work showing a rainstorm falling on travellers across a bridge that was part of a series showing the (*) "stations" of a certain road. The work Fine Wind, Clear Morning from this country shows a certain red mountain in the background and was made in the ukiyo-e style. A woodblock print from this country shows a Great Wave off Kanagawa about to crash down on some tiny boats. For 10 points, name this home country of Takashi Murakami, Hiroshige, and Hokusai.

Japan

An artist from this country made a six-folded-panel landscape depicting the four seasons moving from left to right. A painting from this country shows a very red mountain with green forests at its bottom, contrasted with a navy sky covered in clouds. Another painter from this country painted 53 post stations in a cycle depicting stops along a major road. (*) Woodcuts from this nation, or "pictures of the floating world", were collected by Claude Monet. A painting from this country shows three rowboats larger than a volcano, and is titled for a "great wave." For 10 points, name this setting of the 36 Views of Mount Fuji, painted by Hokusai.

Kingdom of the Netherlands

An artist from this country painted two mousetraps created by Joseph and featured the Annunciation in the centralpanel of a triptych. In addition to Robert Campin, this country was home to an artist who showed the title figuresbeing accompanied by a pack of dogs in a landscape featuring a group a skaters on the ice below in The Hunters inthe Snow. That artist painted 112 literal depictions of proverbs from this country in another work. In anotherpainting from this country, a girl in a blue headscarf wears a pearl earring, and that artist also painted a "view of" hishome city, Delft. For 10 points, name this country whose painters have included Pieter Bruegel the Elder and JanVermeer.

Pop art

An artist from this movement painted a "diagram" version of a Portrait of Madame Cézanne and made a simplified version of Picasso's Woman with Flowered Hat. That artist from this movement painted a blonde girl clutching a telephone in Oh, Jeff. This movement got its name from an object held by a bodybuilder in Richard Hamilton's Just (*) what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing? An artist from this movement used prominent Ben-Day dots in works like Drowning Girl. Another artist from this movement made prints of things like Marilyn Monroe and Campbell's soup cans. For 10 points, name this 20th-century art movement of Roy Lichtenstein and Andy Warhol.

Impressionism

An artist from this movement painted a snowscape of a wooden fence with a magpie perched on it. That artist from this movement made three paintings of his wife walking through the breeze with a parasol. A painter from this movement explored the effect of (*) light at different times of day in paintings of poplars, the Houses of Parliament, Rouen Cathedral, and haystacks. This movement's emphasis on visible brushstrokes and plein air painting were demonstrated in paintings of a garden in Giverny, including its Japanese footbridge and water lilies. For 10 points, name this twentieth-century French art movement that got its name from a Sunrise by Claude Monet (" moh-NAY ").

rococo

An artist from this movement painted an angel tugging on the hair of a naked goddess for the dressing room of his patroness. A dog rests at the feet of two lovers reading love letters in a painting from its Progress of Love series. In a painting from this movement, a man lies in a bush beneath a Cupid putting its finger to its lips. In a (*) fête galante [FETT guh-LONT] from this movement, set on the birthplace of Venus, three pairs of lovers embark on a voyage to Cythera. The definitive painting from this movement has a woman in a pink dress being pushed by her husband on a swing. For 10 points, name this ornate movement that followed the Baroque in France.

Dada

An artist from this movement parodied portraits by depicting machines in "mechanomorphs." The boyhood nightmares of an artist from this movement about birds inspired his Two Children are Threatened by a Nightingale and his recurring character Loplop. Francis Picabia was a member of this movement, whose Cologne group contained Jean Arp and (*) Max Ernst. A member of this movement drew a moustache on a postcard of the Mona Lisa and presented a found urinal as one of his readymades. For 10 points, name this movement whose artists included Marcel Duchamp, which takes its name from a word for hobbyhorse.

Coltrane

An artist with this surname composed and played the harp on the album Ptah, The El Daoud, and adopted the Sanskrit name Turiya. Another artist with this surname collaborated with Duke Ellington on the song "In a Sentimental Mood." A gong opens the first part of a seminal post-bop album by an artist with this last name; that album is (*) A Love Supreme. That same artist with this last name recorded a modal jazz cover of a song from The Sound of Music, "My Favorite Things". A five chord progression opens the track Giant Steps by a saxophonist with this surname. For 10 points, give this surname shared by jazz musicians Alice and John.

René Francois Ghislain Magritte

An egg sits on a red table while a man paints a bird in one self-portrait by this artist, and another painting depictsthree crescent moons above three identical men. In addition to The Mysteries of the Horizon, this man painted agiant green apple in the title location of another work, The Listening Room. One painting by this man juxtaposes animage of a pipe with the text "this is not a pipe," and another shows a clock atop a mantlepiece and one of twocandlesticks being reflected in a mirror. That painting depicts a locomotive emerging from a fireplace. For 10 points,name this Belgian surrealist painter of The Treachery of Images and Time Transfixed.

The Marriage of Figaro

An enraged man in this opera threatens his employer in the aria "Se vuol ballare" and sketches out a hard military life in "Non piu andrai." In this opera, "Dove sono" is sung by a woman who gives a ribbon to her god-son, the page; that page jumps out of a window and dresses as a flower girl. In this opera, which includes the wedding of the title character's parents, Bartolo and (*) Marcellina, the Countess tries to stop her husband from exerting his droit de seigneur on her maid and resists Cherubino's blandishments. For 10 points, name this opera about the "crazy day" of Susanna's wedding to the title manservant by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

People's Republic of China (accept PRC, do not accept "Republic of China")

An exhibition by an artist from this country saw the ceiling, walls, and floors of a gallery covered with meaningless text. In addition to Book from the Sky, a 2008 exhibition by an artist from this country lined the Tate Modern art gallery with porcelain sunflower seeds. The long, twisted steel of this country's National Stadium earned it the nickname "the (*) Bird's Nest." This country is home to the Suzhou Museum, a building designed by the architect of the Hancock Tower and a famous glass pyramid. For 10 points, name this birth country of Xu Bing, Ai Weiwei, and I. M. Pei.

(Wilhelm) Richard Wagner

An opening E major horn solo in an opera by this composer forms the basis for many of its later themes. He's not Verdi, but the aforementioned opera features the sounds of anvils as two characters descend into another realm. In another opera by this composer, a town clerk's serenading is repeatedly interrupted by the work of a cobbler. That opera's C major overture suddenly switches to a chorus, during which the knight (*) Walther steals numerous glances at Eva. This composer, a notorious anti-Semite, wrote an essay on Judaism in music. For 10 points, name this German composer of Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg and the Ring Cycle.

Scott Joplin

An opera by this man takes place in Texarkana and is about the title woman being thrown into a wasp's nest and being rescued by Remus. This composer, who wrote A Guest of Honor about Booker T. Washington, wrote that opera, (*) Treemonisha. Syncopations were a noted part of one of his works, and his most famous piece is associated with Sedalia, Missouri and was called "Maple Leaf Rag." For 10 points, name this American composer who was known as the "King of Ragtime."

Franz Joseph Haydn

An oratorio by this composer beings with the prelude "Representation of Chaos," after which a "spine-tingling" C major fortissimo chord erupts on the last word of the chorus singing "There was light!" The penultimate of this composer's symphonies opens with a drumroll in the timpani. In the second, quiet movement of another symphony, this composer of the Creation oratorio included a sudden fortissimo chord, giving it the the nickname the "Surprise" Symphony. This composer wrote two sets of six symphonies during his time in London. For 10 points, name this Austrian composer and "father of the symphony".

Achille-Claude Debussy

An orchestral work by this man includes "Clouds", "Festivals", and "Sirenes" sections. This man wrote a work based on a Maeterlinck play that details a love triangle involving Prince Golaud. In addition to his three Nocturnes, this composer dedicated a work to his daughter which includes the movement "Golliwog's Cakewalk" and is entitled (*) Children's Corner Suite. This man's most famous opera is Pelleas et Melisande and a Stephen Mallarme poem inspired him to write one work that opens with a descending chromatic flute solo depicting the titular faun. For 10 points, name this French composer of 24 Préludes and Clair de Lune.

Aaron Copland

An orchestral work by this man incorporates a narration that begins, "Fellow citizens, we cannot escape history" and that work repeatedly states "That is what [the title character] said." Folk songs like "El Mosco" and "El Palo Verde" comprise a work by this composer that was inspired by a dance hall. A cadenza links the two movements of his Clarinet Concerto, which was commissioned by (*) Benny Goodman. This composer of A Lincoln Portrait and El Salon Mexico is most famous for a ballet containing choreography by Martha Graham and the Shaker hymn "Simple Gifts". For ten points, name this American composer of Appalachian Spring.

the first clue refers to Il signor Bruschino)

An overture by this composer calls for the second violins to tap their bows on their music stands. This composer adapted multiple Voltaire works, including one about an exiled soldier from Syracuse, and in one of his operas a character disguises himself as a "drunken soldier" to the consternation of Bartolo, later pretending to also be a (*) singing tutor and the poor student Lindoro. The main character of an opera by this man repeatedly sings his name in the aria "Largo al factotum" and assists Count Almaviva in wooing Rosina. For 10 points, name this Italian composer of operas such as Tancredi and The Barber of Seville.

Johannes Vermeer

Clio holds a trumpet in front of a map while a man paints on a canvas in one of this artist's works. A woman holds a lute and a letter handed to her by her maid in another one of this artist's paintings. This artist of The Allegory of Painting painted a work in which all of the buildings on the right side have (*) blue roofs, while all of the buildings on the left side have red roofs. That painting is of his home town, Delft. In his most famous painting, this artist showed a girl wearing a blue turban along with the title piece of jewelry. For 10 points, name this artist of Girl with a Pearl Earring.

string quartets by Ludwig van Beethoven (prompt on partial answer)

Composer and genre required. A movement from one of these works by this composer has a movement alternating between F-lydian and 3/8 D-major sections and is titled "Heiliger Dankgesang," and two of these works from the composer's "middle period" are titled "Harp" and "Serioso." Three of these works by this composer were commissioned by the Count (*) Razumovsky, and the B-flat finale of one of these works was spun off into a separate work of this type known as the "Grosse Fuge." For 10 points, name these works for two violins, viola, and cello that were written by the composer of the "Moonlight Sonata."

piano concerti

Composer and genre required. In a recording of one of these pieces with Stokowski, Glenn Gould applied several unusual accelerandos to the opening arpeggios. An orchestral passage in the distant key of B major follows the soft G major introduction in the fourth of these pieces. In the fifth of them, the second movement leads directly into the third with the drop of a bassoon note. Keeping with classical tradition, all five of these works end with rondos. Massive orchestral chords followed by virtuosic cadenza passages open the E-flat major final one of these pieces, which was dedicated to Archduke Rudolf and is nicknamed the (*) "Emperor". For 10 points, name these pieces for piano and orchestra by the composer of "Für Elise".

symphonies by Gustav Mahler (prompt on partial answer)

Composer and genre required. One of these works employs a "bell theme" and a solo violin tuned up a whole step, and the sixth of these works opens with an A-minor march. One of these works depicts days of youth and a "human comedy," and another of them in C minor contains the movement "Primeval Light." The eighth of these sets Goethe's (*) Faust and requires several choirs, and the fifth of these compositions by this composer contains an F-major Adagietto section and begins with a famous C-sharp-minor funeral march. For 10 points, name these works by a certain German composer with nicknames such as the "Titan," "Resurrection," and "Symphony of a Thousand."

piano sonatas by Ludwig van Beethoven (need all underlined parts; prompt on partial answer)

Composer and genre required. The final one of these works has only two movements, the second of which includes a heavily syncopated variation in 12/32 time. The word "Lebewohl" appears above the first three notes of another of these pieces, which is named after the French translation of that word, (*) Les Adieux. One of these pieces calls for the damper pedal to be used throughout the entire first movement, which begins with the right hand playing triplets over a held octave C sharp in the left hand. That piece was named after the title object's reflection on Lake Lucerne. For 10 points, name these solo piano works which bear nicknames like Moonlight.

symphonies by Gustav Mahler

Composer and genre required. The first movement of one of these works uses a timpani rhythm often identified with fate, as well as a sweeping F major theme representing the composer's wife. A sustained A harmonic in the violins opens another one of these works, whose third movement includes a funeral march rendition of (*) "Frère Jacques". The composer purchased church bells for performances of the finale of the second of these works, in which the chorus sings, "The loving God will grant me a little light, which will light me into that eternal blissful life!" For 10 points, name these orchestral works by a certain Austrian composer, including ones nicknamed "Titan" and "Resurrection".

marches

Compositions in this genre sometimes feature a "breakstrain" section, also called a "dogfight," which typically pits groups of instruments against each other in statement-response fashion. Audiences in Vienna traditionally clap as a piece in this genre named for Radetzky is performed. The final repeat of the trio of one piece in this genre contains a famous solo for piccolo. A composer best known for writing these is the namesake of an instrument similar to a tuba, and that man wrote ones titled "The Washington Post," and "Stars and Stripes Forever." For 10 points, name this type of musical composition often scored for military bands, and of which John Philip Sousa was the "king."

Raffaello Sanzio

For one location, this artist created a series of paintings depicting miracles by popes, such as The Fire in the Borgo. This artist used the face of Laocoon from the sculpture Laocoon and his Sons for the face of Homer sitting next to Apollo in his painting Parnassus. A row of biblical figures in heaven are separated from several bickering theologians below in this artist's (*) Disputation of the Holy Sacrament. Julius II commissioned this artist to decorate the Stanza della segnatura with paintings such as one showing Aristotle and Plato conversing in the middle. For 10 points, name this painter of the School of Athens.

Johann Sebastian Bach

Four collections of Clavier-Ãœbung by this composer were published during his lifetime, the second of whichincluded his Italian Concerto and French Overture. This composer included his own name as the motif of hisunfinished Contrapunctus XIV ("fourteen"), which concludes his last work. This composer also composed a work inwhich every third piece is a canon, and each piece is based on a sarabande "aria." Charles Gounod composed thevocal line of his Ave Maria above a melody written by this composer, taken from a collection of alternating preludesand fugues in every key. For 10 points, name this German composer of The Art of the Fugue and The WellTemperedKlavier.

Le Corbusier

In 2015, one of this man's tapestries, titled Les Dés Sont Jetés, was hung for public display in the Western Foyers of the Sydney Opera House. This man designed a chaise longue that he called a "relaxing machine". This man's architecture was inspired by the human form, which became a motif in his (*) Modulor system. In order to form a free façade, this man used a grid of pilotis, which is one of his "five points of architecture" outlined in his treatise Towards a New Architecture. For 10 points, name this Swiss International Style architect who designed Chandigarh's city plans, the Chapelle Notre Dame du Haut, and the Villa Savoye.

(Henri-Robert) Marcel Duchamp

In 2017, Serkan Ozkaya claimed that a work by this artist could be used to project this artist's face. A nude woman holding a glass lamp against a waterfall appears in a work by this artist only visible by looking through a peephole in a door. This artist of (*) Étant donnés ["EH-tahnt doh-NAY"] used the female alter-ego Rrose Sélavy ["Rose SAY-lah-VEE"]. This artist scribbled a mustache on a postcard of the Mona Lisa and wrote "R. Mutt" on a urinal for his humorous readymades L.H.O.O.Q. and Fountain. For 10 points, name this French Dadaist, whose Nude Descending a Staircase was likened to an "explosion in a shingle factory."

Adagio for Strings

In 2017, this piece was played in the televised memorial for the victims of the Manchester Arena bombing. This piece begins with a sustained B-flat in the first violins, and a notable excerpt from this work is C, D-flat, B-flat, C, D-flat, C, D-flat, E-flat, C. This piece was first premiered by (*) Arturo Toscanini in the Rockefeller Center in 1938, and this work saw many adaptations, including its composer's "Agnus Dei," a one movement choral composition. For 10 points, name this work played at the funeral of John F. Kennedy, composed by Samuel Barber.

toys

In Act I of a ballet, the "Grossvater Tanz" is danced after one of these objects is brought out. In that ballet, a cabbage and a pie turn out to contain four of these objects. A lullaby is sung to one of these objects that is later saved by a thrown slipper. Swanhilda imitates one of these objects made by Doctor Coppélius in a ballet by Léo Delibes. In another ballet, Fritz breaks one of these objects that was a gift from (*) Drosselmeyer. After stabbing the Mouse King, that one of these objects is transformed into a prince and leads the protagonist to the Land of Sweets. For 10 points, what kind of object names a ballet in which Clara meets the Sugar Plum Fairy, by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky?

France

In Baroque music from this country, eighth notes were often "swung" with a long-short rhythm. A slower section in dotted rhythms is followed by a faster fugue in a type of opera overture named for this country. Bach wrote two sets of keyboard suites nicknamed for England and for this country. A composer from this country included a "Toccata," (*) "Rigaudon," and "Forlane" in a piece named for the "Tomb" of another composer from this country. That composer from this country wrote a repeating two-part tune over a snare drum ostinato in his Boléro. For 10 points, name this home country of Maurice Ravel and François Couperin.

rivers (accept synonyms; anti-prompt

In Bicycle Thieves, Antonio is relieved that his son is not the child he sees nearly die in a Roman one of these places. A dove representing the Pamphili and an obelisk appear in a statue depicting these things. This type of place names the second movement of Bedrich Smetana's (*) Ma Vlast. Thomas Cole depicted a thunderstorm over one of these in The Oxbow, and himself belonged to a school named for one. Four figures representing them appear in a Bernini fountain, and Johann Strauss, Jr.'s most famous waltz is titled for one of these places. For 10 points, name these bodies of water such as the "Beautiful Blue Danube."

Hungary

In Die Fledermaus, Rosalinde sings about the music of this country in the aria "Klänge der Heimat," which takes the form of a czárdás [CHAR-dahsh], a folk dance from this country. One composer from this country began a piece with a "musical sneeze"; the piece is the Háry János Suite, and the composer is Zoltán Kodály. Brahms imitated the music of this country in a set of dances originally written for piano four-hands. A composer from this country wrote the Faust Symphony and imitated the sound of its gypsy bands in a set of virtuosic works for solo piano. For 10 points name this home country of Franz Liszt, who wrote nineteen rhapsodies named for it.

Messiah

In The Task, William Cowper wondered if we listened to this work's "eulogy" for just the composer's sake. The composer of this work also collaborated with librettist Charles Jennens on the work Saul. In a famous orchestration of this work, the namesake instruments were removed from the section "The Trumpet Shall Sound." A "pastoral symphony" in this work that depicts shepherds is called(*) "Pifa." This oratorio's most famous movement starts a fugue on, "And He shall reign for ever and ever." George II supposedly stood during one section of this oratorio. For 10 points, name this George Frideric Handel oratorio, which includes the "Hallelujah" chorus.

perspective

In a demonstration of this technique, a painted panel was reflected in a mirror and viewed through a hole in the painting itself. Vasari discusses Paolo Uccello's obsession with this technique, which is shown in his painting Hunt in the Forest. This technique was prominently used in The Holy Trinity fresco by Masaccio, whose (*) Tribute Money also demonstrates its atmospheric, or aerial, form. Brunelleschi invented the "linear" form of this technique. This technique is usually demonstrated with orthogonal lines approaching a vanishing point. For 10 points, name this technique that uses foreshortening to create an illusion of depth in two dimensions.

John Milton Cage Jr.

In a followup piece to one of this composer's works, the only directions ask for the musician to "perform a disciplined action". Merce Cunningham choreographed a ballet by this man that implemented the "gamut technique", and this composer used the I Ching as inspiration for his Music of Changes. Objects such as (*) screws, bolts, and clothespins are placed on a keyboard in this man's invention of the "prepared piano", and one of his pieces begins with the performer closing the lid of a piano. For ten points, name this American minimalist composer, whose most famous piece consists of four minutes and thirty three seconds of silence.

trumpet

In a method book considered this instrument's "Bible," Jean-Baptiste Arban wrote a difficult set of variations on the folksong "The Carnival of Venice." Johann Hummel wrote an E major concerto for this instrument. It plays an offstage solo in The Pines of Rome. Three of these (*) valved instruments play the opening melody of Copland's "Fanfare for the Common Man." This instrument plays an ascending C-G-C pattern to introduce the nature-motif in Richard Strauss' Also Sprach Zarathustra. Its namesake "voluntary" is often played at weddings. For 10 points, name this smallest brass instrument, which is related to the cornet and bugle.

Sandro Botticelli

In a painting by this artist, one figure sleeps as bees hover around his head, while his lover watches young satyrssteal his lance, wear his armor, and blow a conch shell in his ear. In another work, this artist of Venus and Marspainted himself into a portrait of his Medici patrons, placing them in The Adoration of the Magi. In another work,Mercury banishes clouds with a caduceus in the upper left, while the Three Graces dance in a circle to celebrate thecoming of the title season. This artist's most famous work features the title figure standing naked on a seashell andbeing blown to shore. For 10 points, name this Florentine painter of La Primavera and The Birth of Venus.

1700s

In a painting from this century, a woman in orange extends her right arm to the left, while a seated woman covers her face with a blue shawl. In this century, the "grand style" was advocated in fifteen Discourses and the "purity" of ancient sculpture was praised in the German book The History of Art in Antiquity. Johann Joachim (*) Winckelmann wrote in this century, when the Royal Academy was founded, and three armored brothers were painted raising their right arms to three swords held by their father. Joshua Reynolds was active in this century, whose paintings include The Oath of the Horatii. For 10 points, name this century when Rococo art was followed by Neoclassicism.

Pablo Picasso

In a self-portrait, this artist painted himself with enormous brown pupils in front of a brown-yellow background. This artist penciled in a tall, spindly horse, being ridden by a gaunt figure with a lance and shield, in a sketch which has windmills in the background. This man drew a dove holding an olive branch for an international (*) peace symbol. This artist embraced primitivism in a painting of five angular, nude prostitutes. A lightbulb surrounded by jagged edges is at the top of a massive black-and-white painting by this artist which shows a horse in agony. For 10 points, name this Spanish painter of Les Demoiselles d'Avignon and Guernica.

Paul Gauguin

In a work by this artist, a girl appears in a blue and white dress next to an inscription claiming she has many parents. In another work that used the same model, this artist depicted a person clad in black observing a nude woman sleeping. His The Moon and the Earth depicts an ancient feud between two (*) Polynesian spirits. A tree obstructs a group of women from seeing Jacob wrestling with an angel in his Vision After the Sermon. This artist painted a biblical scene in which the background color matches that of the title figure. For 10 points, name this painter of Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? and The Yellow Christ.

Rigoletto

In an Act II duet, the female lead in this opera tells her father of her love, who she believes is named Gualtier Malde. Earlier in this opera, she had sung of the "sweetness" of that name in the aria "Caro nome" ["no-may"]. A curse placed on the title character is fulfilled when Gilda sacrifices herself for the sake of her love to the assassin(*) Sparafucile ["Spar-ah-fu-sil-ay"]. The title character of this opera realizes his daughter is dead he hears a song about the "flightiness" of women off in the distance. "La Donna e Mobile" is sung by the Duke of Mantua in, for 10 points, what opera about a hunchbacked jester by Giuseppe Verdi?

five (accept word forms like fifth)

In an Andante cantabile from a symphony of this number, a solo horn introduces a melody beginning [read slowly] "D-C sharp-B-D-C sharp," and Sibelius's symphony of this number contains a swan-call motif. A symphony of this number that was labeled "a Soviet artist's response to justified criticism" was written by (*) Shostakovich, and a work by Schubert for this many performers was nicknamed "The Trout." A symphony of this number ends with 29 C-major chords and opens with a motif of "fate knocking at the door." For 10 points, give this number of the Beethoven symphony opening with a "short-short-short-long" motif.

Antoni Gaudí (i Cornet)

In an attempt to promote communication between its residents, one building by this architect only has the elevator stop on every other floor. The limestone façade of that building by this architect inspired its nickname of "The Quarry." He often reused broken pottery shards in a technique called trencadís, the most famous example of which is a (*) mosaic salamander at the entrance to the Parc Güell. A church by this architect of the Casa Milà includes a Nativity facade, which was completed based on this architect's notes after he was killed by a streetcar. For 10 points, name this architect who never finished the Sagrada Familia in his native Barcelona.

adagio

In ballet, a movement of this type follows the entrée in the classical pas de deux. A G minor one of these pieces that was actually completed by Remo Giazotto [juh-ZAWT-oh] is misattributed to Tommaso Albinoni. In 1938, Arturo Toscanini conducted the premiere of a piece with this name that was written in arch form. That piece with this name was used prominently in Platoon, and was re-arranged from its composer's only (*) string quartet. This tempo marking, whose name is Italian for "at ease," names the piece played on the radio after FDR's death. For 10 points, name this type of slow piece, one of which Samuel Barber wrote "for Strings."

Joseph Mallord William Turner

In his will, this artist donated two paintings to the National Gallery on the condition that they hang next to Claude Lorrain's Seaport with the Embarkation of the Queen of Sheba. A poem by Thomas Campbell accompanies one of his paintings showing a hazy brown sun setting in the east. This artist of (*) Dido Building Carthage names the preeminent award given to British artists under 50. He depicted captives on the Zong being thrown overboard in one painting, and another work shows a rabbit running alongside a set of train tracks. For 10 points, name this artist of The Fighting Temeraire, The Slave Ship, and Rain, Steam and Speed.

Germany

In one film from this country, a child-murderer is caught after he is recognized whistling the tune of "In the Hall of the Mountain King." A 1922 horror film from this country tells the story of the vampire Count Orlok. In addition to Nosferatu, this country also created one of the first full length science fiction movies, set in a futuristic urban dystopia, (*) Metropolis. The techniques of this country's expressionist movement, pioneered by directors like Fritz Lang, influenced the style of propaganda films such as The Triumph of the Will. For 10 points, name this country that censored many films under its Nazi regime.

Giacomo Puccini

In one of his operas, Geronte decides to abduct the title character not long after Des Grieux is captivated by her. Along with Manon Lescaut, another one of his operas features the aria "Donde lieta uscì," where Mimi asks Rodolfo if she can separate from him. In another opera by this composer, (*) Mario Cavaradossi sings the aria, "E lucevan le stelle" while waiting to be executed. His most famous opera ends with Cio-Cio San committing suicide with a sword after Pinkerton arrives in Japan. For 10 points, name this Italian composer of the operas La Boheme, Tosca, and Madama Butterfly.

Francisco Goya

In one of this artist's works, a man asleep at his desk is surrounded by owls and bats. The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters is a print in his series entitled "Los Caprichos". Another series of prints by this artist includes plates depicting scenes of a man about to behead another and a priest garroted for owning a knife. The first of this man's (*) "Disasters of War" series depicts a man about to be executed by firing squad and is reminiscent of his most famous work which depicts a moment in the Peninsular War. For 10 points, name this Spanish painter of The Third of May, 1808.

Henri Matisse

In one of this artist's works, floral patterns and a consistent color help to blend the border between a table and wall. In another work by this artist, four of the title creatures appear in a glass on a purple table. This artist painted Goldfish after his trip to Tangiers, (*) Morocco. The wife of this artist served as the model for a number of paintings, one of which was heavily criticized at the Salon d'Automne 1905. That painting's title article of clothing features clashing colors and has an unfinished quality. For 10 points, name this Fauvist painter of Harmony in Red and Woman with a Hat who also painted The Green Line and The Dance.

Michelangelo

In one of this artist's works, the title figure holds a tiger skin in his left hand, out of which a faun eats a bunch of grapes. He's not Caravaggio, but he depicted a drunk Bacchus. The title figure of another of his works is seated, looks to the left, holds his left hand over his stomach, clutches his long beard in his right hand, and has horns. That sculpture by this artist, (*) Moses, was created for a massive commission that produced Dying Slave. In his most famous sculpture, the title character stands in contrapposto with a tree trunk behind his right leg and a sling on his left shoulder. For 10 points, name this Italian Renaissance marble sculptor of the tomb of Julius II, a Pietà , and a muscular David.

John Coolidge Adams

In one of this composer's operas, Kumudha becomes stuck in half-tree, half-human form. This composer of A Flowering Tree opened an opera by stating "Matter can be neither created nor destroyed," and another of his operas has been called anti-Semitic for portraying the seizing of the Achille Lauro. This composer of (*) The Death of Klinghoffer and Doctor Atomic wrote an opera in which the title character flies in the Spirit of '76 and listens to a woman sing "I am the Wife of Mao Tse-tung." For 10 points, name this minimalist composer who described a U.S. president's visit abroad in his opera Nixon in China.

Giacomo Puccini

In one of this composer's works, a character sings "E lucevan le stelle" while awaiting his execution. That character, the painter Mario Cavaradossi works on a portrait of Mary Magdalene which resembles Marchesa Attavanti. In another of this composer's operas, the protagonist is asked "what is like ice yet burns?" That character is advised by the ministers Ping, Pang, and Pong, and sings the aria "Nessun dorma." This composer of Tosca wrote a work where Lieutenant Pinkerton abandons Cio Cio San in Japan. For 10 points, name this Italian composer of Turandot and Madame Butterfly.

Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky

In one of this composer's works, the pianist's right hand constantly plays octave tremolos in the movement "Con mortuis in lingua morta." This composer used a drone G-Sharp in a six-eight movement of that work to depict an "Old Castle." Octave E-Flat major scales imitate bells in the last movement of that work by this composer, depicting "The Great Gate of Kiev." Ravel orchestrated that suite by this composer, which includes several versions of its first movement, "Promenade." For 10 points, name this member of the Mighty Five, the Russian composer of Pictures at an Exhibition.

Federico Fellini

In one of this director's films, the protagonist fantasizes about having a harem in his childhood home with all the women he's lusted for in life. That same film opens with the protagonist stuck in his car before floating in the sky over a beach. One of his films opens with a shot of a helicopter carrying a statue of (*) Jesus. Another of his films follows the director, Guido Anselmi, attempt to make a movie based on his life. Marcello Rubini dances with the actress Sylvia in the Trevi Fountain while trying to discover the "sweet life" of Rome in his most famous film. For 10 points, name this Italian director of 8 1/2 and La Dolce Vita.

Peter Paul Rubens

In one of this man's paintings, the title figure is bathed in light as a butterfly-winged woman recoils from the earth burning below. This artist of The Fall of Phaeton depicted a man holding a knife being crushed as three turbaned men on horseback stab at one of the title animals in (*) The Hippopotamus and Crocodile Hunt. This man painted his The Descent from the Cross for the Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp, and he was commissioned to make a 24 painting allegorical cycle of the wife of Henry IV. For 10 points, name this Baroque Flemish painter of the Marie de' Medici cycle, best known for drawing fleshy nudes.

Akira Kurosawa

In one of this man's works, a petty criminal who befriends a doctor dies in a knife fight with a crime boss before ashopkeeper buries his ashes on her farm. In addition to Drunken Angel, this man described a warrior who murdersevery member of two rival gangs except for one farmboy at the very end of another work. In another film by thisdirector of Yojimbo, he depicts the decline of a clan led by Hidetora, as well as a movie based on the story "In aGrove" describing a murder from different points of view. In one movie by this director of Ran and Rashomon, thetitle group of rōnin defends a town from bandits. For 10 points, name this Japanese director of Seven Samurai.

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov (do not accept partial last name)

In one of this man's works, the Astrologer commands the title animal to kill the husband of the Queen of Shemakha. This man wrote the slavic-themed opera Mlada, and another of his work's includes the "Dance of the Tumblers" and tells how Mizgir's love causes the (*) Snow Maiden to melt. One orchestral suite by this man includes the movements "Festival at Baghdad" and "The Sea and Sinbad's Ship" and was inspired by the Arabian Nights. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of The Golden Cockerel whose opera The Tale of Tsar Saltan includes the "Flight of the Bumblebee".

Georges Bizet

In one of this man's works, the Duke of Rothsay courts Catherine Glover but inadvertently angers Queen Mab. In another of this man's works, the priest Nourabad is distracted by a flaming village, allowing Leila to escape with her lover. Besides The Fair Maid of Perth, this man wrote an opera set on (*) Ceylon in which Nadir and Zurga sing "Au fond du temple saint". Zuniga orders an arrest outside a cigarette factory in one of this man's works which sees Escamillo sing the "Toreador Song". For 10 points, name this French composer of operas like The Pearl Fishers and Carmen.

John Coltrane

In one of this musician's works he moves through a G major, B major, and E-flat major progression, a three tonic system called this man's "changes." This musician appeared on an album with Thelonious Monk, which featured tracks "Trinkle, Tinkle" and a famous recording of "Ruby, My Dear." Ira Geitler described this man's music as (*) "sheets of sound." One album of this musician includes songs "Countdown" and "Naima," and is called Giant Steps. For 10 points, name this jazz saxophonist, the creator of albums like Blue Train and A Love Supreme.

Edvard (Hagerup) Grieg

In one orchestral work by this composer, a slow crescendo of a B-minor theme builds from low-pitched instruments to a prestissimo finale. This composer included "Sarabande" and "Rigaudon" movements in a work commemorating the 200th anniversary of a noted playwright, his (*) Holberg Suite. Anton Seidl helped orchestrate a set of 66 works by this composer that include "Wedding Day at Troldhaugen" and "March of the Trolls." This composer of Lyric Pieces also wrote "Morning Mood" to begin the fourth act of a play. For 10 points, name this composer who wrote "In the Hall of the Mountain King" as part of his incidental music to Ibsen's Peer Gynt.

Johannes Vermeer

In one painting by this artist, a blue-clad, ambiguously pregnant woman stands in front of a wall map while reading a letter. A depiction of the crucifixion hangs behind a dangling glass orb and a woman with her hand on her chest in this artist's The Allegory of Faith, while, in another work, this artist depicted the titular servant emptying out a (*) jug into a bowl next to a basket of bread. In this artist's most famous painting, a woman in a blue and yellow turban glances over her shoulder, exposing a prominent piece of jewelry hanging from her left ear. For 10 points, name this Dutch painter of The Milkmaid and Girl with a Pearl Earring.

Sandro Botticelli

In one painting by this artist, a woman watches as three young satyrs blow a conch shell in her sleeping lover's ears. In another work, six angels holding books surround Mary while she carries Jesus, who holds the title fruit. In addition to Venus and Mars and Madonna of the Pomegranate, this artist painted a work in which Cupid flies above the three graces as Mercury stands to the far left, waving (*) clouds away with his caduceus. That painting, set in an orange grove, is La Primavera. Chloris and Zephyr blow wind to push the title figure in another work, which shows the goddess of love standing on a shell. For ten points, name this Italian painter of The Birth of Venus.

Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2

In one parody of this artwork, the central scene is replaced with a cascade of commuters in the subway during rush hour. The magazine American Art News offered a ten-dollar prize for anyone who could find the subject of this work, and this work was inspired by the work of Eadweard Muybridge ("edward MY-bridge") on stop-motion photography. The New York Times art critic Julian Street likened this painting to an (*) "explosion in a shingle factory." In this painting, an assortment of conical and cylindrical shapes depicts the motion of a naked woman performing the title action. For 10 points, name this painting by a French Dada artist, Marcel Duchamp.

Jacques-Louis David

In one portrait by this artist, a woman wears a black headband and an empire-waist dress while reclining on an antique settee. Another of his portraits shows soldiers pushing cannons in the background; the left foreground of that painting features stones inscribed with "Carolus Magnus" and "Hannibal." Besides painting Madame Recamier and depicting a red-caped figure atop a rearing horse, this artist showed a turbaned man clutching a piece of paper in a bathtub. For 10 points, name this French Neoclassicical painter of Napoleon Crossing the Alps, The Death of Marat, and The Death of Socrates.

The Death of Marat

In one response to this work subtitled "The Murderess," Edvard Munch ("MOONK") painted a hat and a bowl of fruit sitting on a table next to a nude woman. In this work, a quill is held aloft next to a wooden writing table bearing the artist's dedication. A confession of unhappiness and plea for help written in (*) French appear on a paper held by one figure in this painting, who wears a white headcloth. The scene in this painting follows the assassination of a young journalist by the absent Girondin sympathizer Charlotte Corday. For 10 points, name this artwork depicting a deceased Frenchman in a bathtub, a painting by Jacques-Louis David.

Aida

In one scene in this opera, a group of Moorish slave boys dance for their master before being told to leave because another character's "grief is sacred." A character in this opera tricks her lover into revealing an army's location. The title character joins the chorus in shouting (*) "Ritorna vincitor," and that wish later comes true with a Triumphal March in Act II. This opera includes the aria "O patria mia" and the lower vault in the Temple of Vulcan is where the title character is buried alive with her lover Radames. For 10 points, name this opera set in Egypt about an Ethiopian princess, written by Giuseppe Verdi.

The Barber of Seville

In one scene in this opera, a housemaid named Berta gets frightened by a drunken soldier. One character in this opera is bribed to pretend he is sick with scarlet fever so that Don Alonso may take his place. The main female protagonist of this opera writes a love letter to a (*) poor student named Lindoro, who is actually another character in disguise, and she later has a singing lesson with the music teacher Basilio. For 10 points, name this opera in which Bartolo and Count Almaviva quarrel over Rosina, an opera by Gioachino Rossini and the prequel to The Marriage of Figaro.

Giuseppe Verdi

In one work by this composer, a woman swallows poison from her ring rather than allow herself to be raped by a villain, and the main character of that opera desperately tries to rescue his mother from being burned at the stake, but fails. Another opera by this man ends as the main character cries, "The curse!" after his daughter's murder by (*) Sparafucile. In another opera, this man depicted the love triangle between two African princesses and a military commander that ends with the two main characters getting buried alive inside the Temple of Vulcan. For ten points, name this Italian composer of operas such as Il Trovatore, Rigoletto, and Aida.

Richard Georg Strauss

In one work by this composer, the soprano asks, "Is this perhaps death," after which the orchestra quotes from a tone poem that this composer wrote some sixty years earlier. Those works are the Four Last Songs and Death and Transfiguration. He called for twenty horns in his massive An Alpine Symphony. A horn and a D clarinet play themes representing the title trickster of his Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks. The trumpet motif C-G-C represents a sunrise in one of this man's tone poems, which was used in the "Dawn of Man" sequence in Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey. For 10 points, name this composer of Also sprach Zarathustra.

Aaron Copland

In one work by this composer, the time signature changes from 4/4 to 3/2 to 3/4 to 5/4 in the first six measures. This composer's Corral Nocturne theme was partially written by Leonard Bernstein and he used lines from the Gettysburg Address in (*) A Lincoln Portrait. He included a kiss between Roper and Cowgirl during a "Hoe-Down" in one of his ballets and featured the Shaker hymn "Simple Gifts" in another ballet that was choreographed by Martha Graham. For 10 points, name this American composer of Rodeo and Appalachian Spring.

Claudio Monteverdi

In one work by this composer, the title character sings to his wife on his wedding day in the aria Rosa del ciel, vita del mondo e degna. Another work by this composer of The Return of Ulysses to His Homeland features an opening in which Ariadne repeats, "Let me die", and that opera is (*) L'Arianna. A more famous opera by this composer includes a confession by Drusilla to protect her lover Ottone, who attempted to kill the future wife of Nero, The Coronation of Poppea. In a 1607 opera by this composer, Eurydice fails to return from the underworld. For ten points, name this composer of L'Orfeo, one of the earliest developers of opera.

Benvenuto Cellini

In one work by this sculptor, two boars are to the left of a deer's head whose antlers prominently protrude outwards above the central figure. Neptune, who holds a trident, sits across from a woman who represents the earth holding a cornucopia in one of this man's works. Along with his (*) Nymph de Fontainebleau and his salt cellar, this man sculpted a work where the main figure holds a sword in his right hand and holds a decapitated head where the innards are spilling out in the other. For 10 points, name this sculptor of Perseus With The Head of Medusa.

fountains

In one work, an object of this type is flanked by a crowd of prophets and apostles in the foreground of the adoration of the mystic lamb. An object of this type designed by Alexander Calder was originally displayed across from Guernica, and Cupid leans over one of these objects in (*) Sacred and Profane Love. In one work, a tall pink object of this type is located in front of an elephant and a giraffe. Two of these objects, titled for bees and the sea god Triton, are located on the Piazza Barberini. This object is metaphorically represented by a urinal in a Marcel Duchamp "readymade." For 10 points, name this type of object exemplified by the Trevi in Rome, a device that expels water.

restaurants

In one work, four yellow lamps hang from a green ceiling belonging to one of these locations in Arles. In another artwork depicting a location of this type, two metal canisters sit next to a slanted yellow door. In a painting at one of these locations, a white-clad patron stands behind a billiards table. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson collaborated on the design for one of these locations in the (*) Seagram Building, named "The Four Seasons." For 10 points, name this type of location depicted in an artwork in which a red-haired woman stands beside a man in a fedora behind a counter, Edward Hopper's Nighthawks.

landscap​ing

In the D.C. area, much late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century work in this art form was done by Beatrix Farrand. The English style of this art form was refined by Capability Brown. Its most famous practitioner created the Emerald Necklace, collaborated with Calvert Vaux, and wrote ​The (*) ​Cotton Kingdom. A lot of imagery of Apollo and a famous Orangerie were created by André Le Nôtre, who deployed this art form at Versailles. The most famous practitioner of this art form designed The Ramble and Lake, and The Great Lawn and Turtle Pond. For 10 points, name this art form used by Frederick Law Olmsted to create Central Park.

Don Giovanni

In the Prologue of Offenbach's Tales of Hoffmann, Nicklausse sings an excerpt from this earlier opera, which the opera house next door is performing. That same excerpt from this opera is the basis for the twenty-second of Beethoven's Diabelli Variations. In its aria "Il mio tesoro," Don Ottavio swears vengeance for the murder of Donna Anna's father. At the end of this opera, a statue of the Commendatore comes to life and drags the title character to hell. In its "Catalogue Aria," Leporello recounts the numerous romantic conquests of his master, this opera's title character. For 10 points, name this Mozart opera about a legendary seducer.

Don Giovanni

In the Vienna production of this opera, the aria "per queste tue manine" is added to a low comedy scene where a woman threatens a servant with a razor. That woman sings the aria "La ci darem la mano" with the protagonist. In addition to trying to woo Zerlina, the protagonist organizes a (*) party in his "Champagne Aria." In the "Catalogue Aria," the servant Leporello recounts the romantic conquests of his master. That titular character is dragged to hell by a statue of the Commendatore at the end of this opera. For 10 points, name this opera, written by Mozart, about the title Spanish womanizer.

A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte

In the center of this painting, two men in uniform walk together, while in front of them a man appears to be playing trumpet. A man on the left of this painting reclines with a pipe in his mouth while another man sits next to him with a top hat and cane. In the background of this work, two steamships surround a female-led (*) rowing team. In the foreground, a woman in the shade is using a parasol while she keeps a monkey on a leash. For 10 points, name this painting that depicts an island in the river Seine, a pointillist work by Georges Seurat.

traverse flutes

In the first movement of Dvorak's ["VOR-zhahk's"] Eighth Symphony, this instrument plays the cheerful main theme after the minor-key introduction. Two of them play at the opening of "Neptune, the Mystic" from Holst's The Planets. This instrument usually has two trill keys, a head joint, and a foot joint, as well as the embouchure hole. Two of these instruments represent the headstreams of the Vltava at the opening of Smetana's "The (*) Moldau." This instrument is the first to play the tune in Ravel's Boléro. A solo for this instrument begin's Debussy's Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun. For 10 points, name this woodwind instrument, whose half-sized variety is the piccolo.

Ring Cycle operas

In the first of these works, a crack reveals the eye of one character who has been covered in gold. A man in one of these works runs into a forest after splitting an anvil with a sword. In the last of these works, one character rides a horse into a funeral pyre while (*) wearing a coveted object. The recurring "Death-Curse" of the dwarf Alberich is a leitmotif from these works, which include Götterdämmerung. A low E-flat begins the 136-bar opening to the first of these works. For 10 points, name this group of four operas by Richard Wagner which include Die Walküre and Siegfried.

Liberty Leading the People

In the foreground of this painting, a pantsless man still wearing one sock forms part of a pedestal of corpses. A man wearing a bicorne and brandishing a sword marches next to a man in a top hat sometimes identified as the artist of this painting, whose title character wears a Phrygian cap. While this work was intended as a reminder for Louis-Philippe, it was removed from display after only a few months for being too political. A young boy carrying two pistols marches next to the topless title character of this work, who waves a French flag. For 10 points, name this painting commemorating the July Revolution, a work by Eugene Delacroix.

Edvard Grieg

In the fourth piece of one work by this composer, the original theme is played by cellos, bassoons, and double basses, but is then transposed from B minor to F-sharp major before a prestissimo finale. It's not Mendelssohn, but this composer used themes from the wedding march of his incidental music to (*) Sigurd Jorsalfar for his Cello Sonata in A minor. Before "The Death of Ase", an oboe and a flute depict a Moroccan sunrise in 6/8 time in this composer's "Morning Mood". For 10 points, name this Norwegian composer who included "In the Hall of the Mountain King" in his Peer Gynt suite.

frescoes

In the front center of a painting made with this technique, a kneeling man in a yellow robe with his back to the viewer lifts his arms up to try to stop the title Fire in the Borgo. This technique was used for Parnassus, Disputation of the Holy Sacrament, and the other paintings in the (*) Stanza della Segnatura. This technique was used for The School of Athens, Michelangelo's Last Judgment, and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. Da Vinci's modification of this technique has led to The Last Supper peeling off the wall. For 10 points, name this technique of painting on wet plaster directly on a wall.

Aïda

In the second act of this opera, a woman sings "Vieni, sul crin ti piovano" after watching a dance of Moorish slaves. A character in this opera sings about her conflict over her love for a soldier and her father in the aria "Ritorna vincitor." Amonasro disguises himself as a peasant after his army is defeated in this opera. Amneris tricks the protagonist of this opera into revealing her love for (*) Radames by saying that he died in battle. The protagonist of this opera sings about never seeing her homeland again in "O patria mia" and this opera ends with the protagonist dying with Radamès after being sealed up in a vault. For 10 points, name this Giuseppe Verdi opera about an Ethiopian princess.

The Planets, Opus 32

In the shortest movement of this work, the composer uses the hemiola technique for two rhythms in two different keys, B-flat and E. The hymn "I Vow to Thee, My Country" is used in one movement of this work while an ostinato march in (*) 5/4 time that crescendos into a fort-iss-iss-iss-imo appears in a movement subtitled "Bringer of War". For 10 points, name this suite by Gustav Holst that includes movements about the title objects, such as "Mars" and "Jupiter".

El Greco

In the upper right of one of this artist's paintings, a man in a purple robe with an orange sash stands out in a sea of figures in grey and yellow. In lieu of a signature, many of his paintings show a hand gesture where the middle and ring fingers are held together and the other two splay out. This man showed a blue-clad St. John raising his arms to heaven on the left of his Opening of the Fifth Seal, and showed the gold-robed saints Stephen and Augustine by the title armor-clad nobleman in Burial of the Count of Orgaz. For 10 points, name this Spanish Renaissance painter of elongated figures, who painted his adoptive home in View of Toledo after emigrating from Crete.

The Burial of the Count of Orgaz

In the upper right of this painting, a saint holds a bent piece of iron, while in the upper left a yellow-robed St.Peter dangles a pair of keys in his hand. Icy clouds swirl on the top half of this painting and surround a purple andred clad Virgin Mary, who looks over the title action, while St. John the Baptist and Christ form a triangle inposition with her. At the far right of this work, a mourner carries a large silver and gold crucifix, and at the bottomleft, a child bearing a torch points to the title figure. At the center of this work, St. Stephen and St. Augustine bendover the corpse of the title armored figure. For 10 points, name this painting depicting the funeral of Don GonzaloRuÃz, a work by El Greco.

The Gross Clinic

In this artwork, a man with a goatee leans over an image of the artist himself, who holds onto a railing in front of a doorway. A man in a yellow scarf is among several men in the background of this work who appear to be sleeping. The artist of this work painted a similar scene fourteen years later in which the title figure, David (*) Agnew, instead wears a white coat. Below a note-taking clerk in this painting, a woman hides her face in distress, and four men perform the central action next to a man holding a scalpel. For 10 points, name this painting of a surgery overseen by the title doctor, an 1875 work by Thomas Eakins.

Saint Peter's Basilica

In this building, François Duquesnoy's statue of St. Andrew with his arms thrown wide contrasts with a statue of St. Longinus in almost the same pose. The use of Ancient Roman materials in this building prompted the quip "What the barbarians started, the Barberini finished." An Egyptian obelisk stands in the center of a massive double colonnade in the plaza in front of this building. This building was designed in succession by (*) Bramante, Raphael, and Michelangelo. Four huge, twisty bronze columns support a canopy in this building. This building houses Bernini's baldacchino and Michelangelo's Pietà. For 10 points, name this gigantic church in Vatican City.

Florence (or Firenze; the statue of St. Mark in the Orsanmichele is by Donatello)

In this city, a guild of linen merchants rejected a statue they commissioned because it looked strange from street level, though it was designed to be viewed from below in the niche of a church. In addition to that depiction of St. Mark, another sculpture in this city consists of 10 gilded panels showing Biblical scenes and served as the doors of (*) this city's baptistery. The Orsanmichele and Lorenzo Ghiberti's The Gates of Paradise are in this city, where the Galleria dell'Accademia contains a sculpture of a man standing in contrapposto position holding a sling. For 10 points, name this city home to the Uffizi Gallery and Michelangelo's David.

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn

In this man's first dated painting, angry men hold rocks over the kneeling, pink-robed body of Saint Stephen. He also painted a golden chain running diagonally across the chest of a man who puts his right hand on a statue. This man showed the prodigal son in a tavern next to himself and his wife Saskia in one of his 80-plus self-portraits. This artist of Aristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer showed a lone woman with a chicken on her belt amid a drum, a banner, and twenty armed men, and also showed students of Nicolaes Tulp gawking at a cut-open arm. For 10 points, name this painter of The Anatomy Lesson and The Night Watch, a Dutch master.

William Tell

In this opera, Arnold sings the aria, "Asile hereditaire" after looking at his old home and reminiscing of his father, who was killed by Austrians. This opera's French libretto was written by Etienne de Jouy and Hippolyte Bis, and the son of its protagonist sets his house on fire as a signal to begin a revolt. This opera's overture contains a ranz de vaches and a storm section, but is best known for the (*) brass fanfare in its finale. The protagonist of this work is captured by the Austrian governor Gessler after refusing to bow to a hat, and that character later tells Jemmy, "Sois immobile", or "Be still". For ten points, name this Giacomo Rossini opera about a Swiss hero who shoots an apple off his son's head.

La traviata

In this opera, a maid named Annina accidentally reveals that the main character has gone to Paris to sell all of her belongings. In the second act of this opera, one character wins money from gambling with Baron Douphol and proceeds to throw it at the title character's feet. After singing the (*) drinking aria Libiamo ne'lieti calici with the son of Giorgio Germont, the title figure of this opera rejects Alfredo in the aria Sempre libera. For 10 points, name this Giuseppe Verdi opera about the title "fallen woman" and courtesan Violetta Valéry, who dies of tuberculosis.

Porgy and Bess

In this opera, a strawberry woman, a honey man, and a crab man offer their wares next to a sick bed. Several characters in this opera are startled by a low-flying bird. In this opera, Serena sings the aria "Oh, Doctor Jesus" after another character returns from Kittiwah Island. A game of craps ends after Robbins is killed by (*) Crown with a cotton hook in this opera, and the "happy dust" dealer Sportin' Life criticizes the Bible in "It Ain't Necessarily So." In this opera, Clara sings, "Fish are jumpin'/ And the cotton is high" in the lullaby "Summertime." For 10 points, name this opera set on Catfish Row whose music was composed by George Gershwin.

I Pagliacci

In this opera, one character exclaims, "Name of God! Those same words" after the repetition of the line "I will always be yours." Another character is whipped by his friend's wife, Nedda, after she sings with the birds in "Stridono lassù." That character also appears in costume during this opera's prologue to remind the audience that (*) actors are real people. Troupe performers prepare for their show in "Vesti la giubba" after Canio threatens to stab his wife, who later performs as Colombina. This two-act opera is frequently double-billed with Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana. For 10 points, name this Ruggero Leoncavallo opera about the title clowns.

The Arnolfini Portrait

In this painting, a statue of a dragon devouring St. Margaret appears on a bedpost. One object in this painting is surrounded by scenes of the Passion of Christ, and a chandelier in this painting has only one candle. This painting's subjects can be seen from behind in a convex mirror next to the artist's signature, and a(*) dog sits in front of them along with a pair of clogs. One of this painting's central figures seems pregnant and wears a green dress. For 10 points, name this portrait of a couple by Jan ["Yan"] van Eyck ["Ike"].

Symphony No. 9 by Antonin Dvorak

In this work's first movement, the strings play a fortissimo D-E-flat-A sequence five times before the exposition. The third movement of this work was inspired by a section from "The Song of Hiawatha." The song "Goin' Home" was adapted from an (*) English horn solo in this piece's Largo second movement. This work was written while its composer was on a trip to America, inspiring its popular name. For 10 points, name this final symphony of Antonin Dvorak.

The Rite of Spring

In this work's second section, the composer layers E-flat dominant 7th chords on top of F-flat major triads in the strings to achieve bitonality. Performers dance a khorovod accompanied by woodwinds in this work's first act. The final bass notes in this piece fittingly spell out (*) D-E-A-D. This ballet includes dance sequences such as "The Kiss of the Earth" and "Evocation of the Ancestors". It opens with a bassoon solo and reaches a climax when the protagonist dances herself to death. For 10 points, name this riot-provoking ballet about a pagan ritual sacrifice, composed by Igor Stravinsky.

La Traviata

In this work, one character plays pool and makes money off a nobleman, then throws that money at his lover'sfeet. When guests leave a party, the title character of this work describes her need for freedom in "Sempre libera."During that party in this work, Gastone tells the title character that, while she was ill, Alfredo Germont visited herhouse every day. After Baron Douphol refuses to give a toast, Alfredo sings "Libiamo ne'lieti calici," a drinkingsong. After leaving Alfredo to save his family's reputation, the title woman of this opera eventually dies oftuberculosis. For 10 points, name this opera about the courtesan Violetta Valéry by Giuseppe Verdi.

Der Ring des Nibelungen

In this work, the appearance of ravens distracts one character, causing his death at the hand of Hagen, who seeksthe title object. Previously in this work, that character gains the ability to understand birds from tasting dragon bloodand crosses a circle of flame to wake another character from a deep sleep. In this work, Fafner and Fasolt demandFreia as payment for the construction of Valhalla, but settle for Rhine gold taken by Wotan and Loge from itsoriginal thief, Alberich. In this work, the sword Nothung can only be forged by the slayer of Fafner, Siegfried. For10 points, name this opera cycle by Richard Wagner about the title cursed golden object forged by Alberich.

A Remembrance of Viktor Hartmann

In this work, the section "Cattle" follows a depiction of "Children's Quarrel after Games." The melody "G, F, B-flat, C, F, D" is played throughout this work, in which "Two Jews" are represented in "Samuel Goldenberg and Schmuÿle" ["Shoe-mile"]. Sections in this piece include a "Ballet of the Unhatched Chicks," and a movement alternately named for(*) Baba Yaga, "The Hut on Hen's Legs." A design for the Bogatyr ["Boh-gah-teer"] Gates in Kiev was part of the display of Viktor Hartmann's drawings that inspired this piece. For 10 points, name this suite in which a trumpet plays "Promenade," written by Modest Mussorgsky.

gold

It's not paint, but a "ground" of this material was often added to gesso, polished with a dog's tooth, and then tooled with punches. This is the most visible material in the reclining Buddha chapel of Wat Pho in Bangkok. This material depicts a man's rectangle-patterned cloak and a woman's circle- patterned dress in a 1907 (*) painting. This material is combined with ivory in chryselephantine sculptures. This material was used to make Francis I's salt cellar by Benvenuto Cellini ["chu-LEE-nee"] . This material covers The Kiss and other works by Gustav Klimt. For 10 points—paintings are often enhanced with thin "leaf" of what precious metal?

Requiem mass

Krzysztof Penderecki ("KRIS-toff Pin-der-EK-ee") expanded his composition of this type with the "Trisagion" hymn, and one of these works by Gabriel Fauré ends with the words "in paradisum" and received the nickname "lullaby of death" called the "Polish" one. Trumpets call out in the "Tuba mirum" section of the "Dies Irae" from Verdi's composition of this type. Another one of these works in D minor had its "Agnus Dei" and "Lacrymosa" movements completed by Franz von Süssmayr upon the composer's death. For 10 points, name this type of sacred work, a "mass for the dead" which includes an unfinished one by Mozart.

John Coolidge Adams

Leila Josefowicz premiered this man's dramatic symphony for violin and orchestra, Scheherazade.2. Two offstage trumpets call back and forth in his Tromba Lontana, a work he included in Two Fanfares for Orchestra along with Short Ride in a Fast Machine. This composer rose to prominence in recent years for a work commemorating the victims of 9/11 and for a revival of an opera which explores the hijacking of the Achille Lauro. This composer of The Death of Klinghoffer also arranged an opera "outtake" which depicts Madame Mao dancing with the Chairman. For 10 points, name this American composer of Doctor Atomic and Nixon in China.

Frédéric François Chopin

Leopold Godowsky made 53 arrangements of pieces by this composer, including one that features a difficult left-hand part consisting mostly of fast arpeggios. This composer's Piano Sonata No. 2 in B-flat minor consists of four rather disjoint movements, the third of which is a frequently-excerpted funeral (*) march that was played after his untimely death. This composer was inspired by the November Uprising to write his Revolutionary Etude. He wrote a piece that isn't actually meant to played in 60 seconds called the Minute Waltz. For 10 points, name this Polish-born Romantic piano virtuoso.

Mona Lisa

Louis Béroud's attempt to sketch this painting for the basis of one of his own led to the discovery of a theft. Next to the right shoulder of this painting's central figure, a small bridge can be seen crossing a meandering river, behind which are icy blue mountains. This painting's artist did not draw outlines around the (*) mouth and eyes, instead using sfumato techniques. This painting's subject, who lacks eyebrows, is generally believed to be Lisa del Giocondo. For 10 points, name this Leonardo da Vinci painting of a woman with an enigmatic smile.

clarinet

Louis Spohr's best-known works today are four concerti for this instrument, which imitates a blackbird in the "Crystal liturgy" of Messiaen's Quartet for the End of Time. Woody Herman premiered Stravinsky's Ebony Concerto for this instrument. Johann Denner invented this instrument by adding a (*) register key to the chalumeau, this instrument's Baroque predecessor. Anton Stadler was the dedicatee of both Mozart's Quintet and A Major concerto for this instrument. A Paul Whiteman-commissioned piece begins with this instrument playing a trill on F, followed by a two-octave glissando. Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue opens with, for 10 points, what single-reed woodwind instrument usually tuned to B-flat?

John Coolidge Adams

Mahmoud keeps watch following the "Ocean Chorus" in one of this man's operas, while another work by this man was commissioned by the Great Woods Festival and features a woodblock ostinato. A character in one of this man's operas is gifted a glass elephant after traveling on the Spirit of '76, and later watches the (*) Red Detachment of Women. A 1985 PLO hijacking inspired this man's The Death of Klinghoffer, and he was commissioned to write On the Transmigration of Souls following the September 11 attacks. For 10 points, name this modern American composer of Short Ride in a Fast Machine and Nixon in China.

glass

Many artworks in this material were designed by Clara Driscoll and made with the copper foil method. William Morris's firm revived the artistic use of this material under Edward Burne-Jones. Artworks in this material are often partitioned by mullions. This material is often combined with strips of (*) lead called "cames." Louis Comfort Tiffany is best-known for working with this material, which is the main component of porcelain enamel. This material was used to make the "roses" in the façades of buildings like Notre-Dame. For 10 points, name this material that is "stained" in many church windows.

The Course of Empire

Many teepees can be seen to the right of a large cliff in the first painting of this series. In the third painting of this series, a man with a red bandana talks to another man who points to the left in front of an elaborate fountain. Smoke can be seen rising behind a Stonehenge-like temple in one painting in this series. In the fourth painting of this series, a (*) headless statue, which holds a shield, overlooks a chaotic city. One large white column covered in moss stands alone in the last painting of this series, Desolation. Name this series of five paintings by Thomas Cole, which depict the decay of civilization.

green

Mark Rothko's No. 6 features this color between violet and red. A pair of boots of this color appear in the top left of A Bar at the Folies-Bergère and both Manet and Degas painted absinthe as a shade of this color. Unlike his (*) Yellow Christ, Gauguin's Christ of this color is no longer on the cross. The woman in The Arnolfini Wedding wears a dress of this color and Henri Matisse painted a portrait of his wife with a stripe of this color down the middle. For 10 points, name this secondary color made by mixing blue and yellow.

Vincent Van Gogh

Martin Scorsese plays this artist in Kurosawa's film Dreams, in which there is a memorable scene of the main character running through backgrounds of this artist's paintings. A gloomy sky contrasts the yellow landscape of his Wheatfield with Crows. An orange bed appears on the right side of his depiction of a (*) bedroom. One of this artist's paintings has a poisonously green ceiling, red walls, and an acid yellow floor. A pool table is featured prominently in the center of that work. A cypress tree shoots up into the sky on the left side of his most famous work. For 10 points, name this artist of The Night Cafe and Starry Night.

birds

Massive soapstone sculptures of these creatures stood outside the walls of Great Zimbabwe, and one of these creatures is the emblem of modern Zimbabwe. In Piero della Francesca's The Baptism of Christ, one of these animals is almost dead center. St. Gregory is usually depicted with one of these creatures dictating to him. Mary holds a book and wears a red dress and blue cloak, while John the Baptist holds the namesake one of these animals in a (*) Raphael Madonna. A minimalist bronze sculpture of one of these animals was withheld by Customs and subject of a court case over whether it was art or not. For 10 points, name these creatures, one of which was sculpted "in Space" by Constantin Brancusi.

Swan Lake

Matthew Bourne's mostly male version of this ballet is the longest running ballet on Broadway. 32 straight fouettés were used in the Drigo-Ivanov-Petipa revival of this ballet. After a "Dance of the Goblets," this ballet's protagonist goes hunting with his tutor (*) Wolfgang, and the lead ballerina usually dances two roles in this ballet, one dressed in white and the other in black. The protagonist of this ballet drowns himself after he accidentally chooses Odile, the daughter of the sorcerer von Rothbart, instead of his true love interest. For 10 points, name this ballet by Peter Tchaikovsky in which Odette is turned into one of the title birds.

one (accept equivalents like first)

Maurice Ravel wrote this many string quartets, and Zoltan Koldáy's ["ko-DIE-ee"] Opus 8 is a B-minor sonata for this many performers. This is the number of independent voices in Gregorian chant. A symphony of this number quotes its composer's Songs of a Wayfarer and features a (*) funeral march based on a minor-key version of Frere Jacques. A perfect cadence ends on the chord denoted by this number, which is also known as the tonic. Gustav Mahler's Titan symphony has this number, which is also the number of sharps in the key signature of G major. For 10 points, name this number of performers in a solo.

Choreographers

Members of this profession in the early 1700's commonly used Beauchamp-Feuillet ["Bo-chamm Foo-yay"] notation. Works by some people in this profession were placed in the Sergeyev Collection. "Motif description" was a method developed by Ann Hutchinson-Guest to communicate the essence of Labanotation ["La-ban-oh-tation"], a modern method used in this profession. Jean-Georges Noverre wrote a treatise on this profession. George(*) Balanchine did this for a famous version of The Nutcracker. For 10 points, name this profession of people, who, like Martha Graham, organize the performance of dances and ballets.

Franz Schubert

Moritz von Schwind painted this composer giving a casual concert of exclusively his music. The piano's drudging stops on the word "Kuß!" in an early D minor song by this composer. Johann Vogl and Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau notably sang this composer's works. The Brook sings a lullaby as the Miller drowns himself in it at the end of a cycle by this composer. He set (*) Goethe poems in Gretchen am Spinnrade and a song about a demon pursuing a boy and father on horseback, "Der Erlkönig." This composer set Wilhelm Müller poetry in song cycles like Die schöne Müllerin and Winterreise. For 10 points, name this Austrian composer of 600 lieder and the Unfinished Symphony.

clarinet

Mozart's Kegelstatt Trio was written for viola, and piano, and this instrument. Mozart revised his 40th symphony to add parts for two of this instrument. Other Mozart works for this instrument were probably actually written for a hybrid between it and a basset horn. Those works for this instrument include a quintet and concerto, both in A Major and both written for Anton Stadler. Those works are all have this instrument tuned in A, but this instrument's soprano and bass varieties are both usually tuned in B-Flat. For 10 points, name this single-reed woodwind instrument, which also plays a solo at the beginning of Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue, and was played by Benny Goodman.

flute

Mozart's second concerto for this instrument, written in D major, was adapted from a concerto he wrote for a different instrument earlier in 1777. Frederick the Great composed over 100 sonatas for this instrument, which he played. Johann Quantz wrote a treatise on playing it. This instrument plays a solo in the "Morning Mood" movement of the (*) Peer Gynt suite. Two of these instruments depict streams joining to form The Moldau in Smetana's Má vlast. In contrast to most other cultures, this instrument's Western variety is "transverse," meaning it is blown from the side. For 10 points, name this high-pitched woodwind instrument similar to the piccolo.

pianoforte

Mozart's seventh concerto for this instrument is uniquely scored for three of them. Beethoven's final concerto for one of these instruments contains a G-E flat-C-B flat theme in its first movement, and the Vienna premiere of that work was given by Carl (*) Czerny. One piece for a solo one of these instruments begins with repetition of arpeggiated C-sharp minor triads. Concertos for this instrument include ones in D minor and C minor by Rachmaninoff and one by Beethoven nicknamed "Emperor". For 10 points, name this keyboard instrument that has three pedals and 88 keys.

requiem mass

NOTE TO MODERATOR: read notes in the first line slowly. Pause at the slash. Read Bb as "B flat" and C# as "C sharp". In one work of this type, the notes "A / A-F-Bb-C#" introduce the subject of the second movement double fugue. "Anthem for Doomed Youth" is quoted in a composition of this type by Benjamin Britten that premiered at Coventry. Faure's work in this genre substitutes Pie Jesu [PEE-ay YAY-sue] for the traditional (*) Dies [DEE-ays] Irae sequence. A setting of Matthew 5:4 opens a non-liturgical "German" work in this genre by Brahms. Count von Walsegg commissioned a work of this type that was completed by Franz von Sussmayr upon the original composer's death. For 10 points, name this "mass for the dead", including an unfinished D minor one by Mozart.

violin

NOTE TO MODERATOR: read notes slowly. Pause at the slash. The movements of one piece for this instrument are structured as a nocturne, scherzo, passacaglia, and burlesque. This instrument, for which Shostakovich wrote an A minor concerto, plays the opening notes "G / A D" over soft strings in a 1905 concerto whose third movement was described as a "polonaise for polar bears". Due to an overly prominent oboe solo, Pablo de Sarasate refused to perform Brahms's (*) D major concerto for this instrument. Another concerto for this instrument unusually includes no orchestral introduction before the soloist's entry. Twelve concerti for this instrument comprise The Contest Between Harmony and Invention. An E minor concerto by Mendelssohn features, for 10 points, what string instrument that plays Vivaldi's The Four Seasons?

Symphonies of Ludwig van Beethoven

NOTE: Composer and type of piece required. The introduction to the fourth one of these compositions is an Adagio with mysterious B-flat minor chords before the Allegro and fortissimo exposition. The final one of these works contains a "symphony within a symphony" in its last movement that incorporates themes from the first three movements, and the sixth of these compositions contains sections such as (*) "Shepherd's Song." That work is the only one of these with five movements. The third of these compositions was originally dedicated to "the memory of a great man", while the fifth one uses a memorable short-short-short long fate motif. For ten points, name these nine orchestral works including Eroica and Pastoral by the composer of the "Moonlight Sonata" and "Fur Elise."

boxing

Neo-Dadaist Ushio Shinohara creates his paintings by putting on a pair of goggles and performing this activity, a practitioner of which is depicted resting in a Hellenistic bronze at the National Museum of Rome. Thomas Eakins depicted performers of this action in Taking the Count and Salutat, the latter of which depicts a (*) shirtless Billy Smith waving to a crowd. An artist of the Ashcan school depicted this activity in the paintings Dempsey and Firpo and Both Members of This Club, as well as a work in which a referee in a blue shirt stands behind two men charging at each other under a spotlight. George Bellows' Stag at Sharkey's depicts--for 10 points--what sport in which two people throw punches at each other within a ring?

suspension bridges

New York's DUMBO neighborhood is named for one of these structures. An early example of these things at Clifton was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel. The largest example of this type of structure, named Akashi Kaikyo, is a few miles from downtown Kobe, Japan. The son of John Roebling, a pioneer of these edifices, was injured while building one of their caissons. One of these in California is continually painted international orange; another, nicknamed Galloping Gertie, collapsed into Puget Sound. For 10 points, name this type of two-towered, gap-spanning structure supported by cables, whose examples span Tacoma Narrows and the Golden Gate.

Execution of the Defenders of Madrid

Next to the central character in this painting, a man with a shaved head and green pants clutches his hands. This painting inspired a 1951 Cubist painting set in Korea. This painting with a black sky is lit entirely by a box lamp on the ground. This painting is the companion of a piece in which a soldier is pulled off his white horse and stabbed in the chest, which precedes the events it depicts. The white-shirted central character in this painting stands with his arms spread in front of a firing squad. For 10 points, name this painting by Francisco Goya, depicting the execution of the defenders of Madrid on the title date.

altarpieces (accept Merode Altarpiece; accept Ghent Altarpiece; accept Annunciations and triptych until "Just" and prompt afterwards; prompt on just painting)

On the right side of one of these works, a mousetrap sits in a workshop as Saint Joseph works with an awl. That example of this genre was created by Robert Campin and is named after the Merode family. A portion of one of these pieces known as the (*) "Just Judges" was stolen during World War II; that work of this type shows at its bottom a sheep bleeding into a chalice as four columns of people converge in an open field and was started by the artist's brother Hubert. Jan van Eyck created a Ghent example of, for 10 points, what genre of religious art meant to be placed behind a specific part of a church?

Russian Federation (accept Rossiya; prompt on "Russian Empire" or "USSR" or "Union of Socialist Soviet Republics" or "Soviet Union;" accept Belarus after Marc is read; the first two artists mentioned are El Lissitzky and Vasily Vereshchagin)

One artist born in this present-day country created a series of works he called "prouns." [pro-oons] An artist from this country painted a pyramid of human skulls in the desert in his The Apotheosis of War. A third artist from this country painted Black Square as part of the (*) Suprematist movement, while yet another artist born in this country inspired a German art group with his painting of a horse galloping across a hill, The Blue Rider. A painter born in what was then this country who later moved to France included a giant green face staring at a sheep in I and the Village. For 10 points, name this birth country of Marc Chagall, Wassily Kandinsky, and Kazimir Malevich.

People's Republic of China

One artist from this country is known for installations like A Book from the Sky. Another artist from this country filled a room of the Tate Modern with porcelain sunflower seeds. That same artist helped design the (*) Bird's Nest stadium in this country's capital. One era of this country saw the creation of the Temple of Heaven and the mass-production of eponymously-named porcelain. For 10 points, the portrait of Chairman Mao was created in what East-Asian country?

Greece

One artist from this country painted a curtain so realistically that his rival--who himself drew grapes so well that birds pecked at them--thought that it was a curtain in which to hide his artwork. A painting set in this country borrowed The Raft of the Medusa's structure of two human pyramids, the points of which are a man in a red fez and a mounted soldier about to kill everyone. An artist born in this home country of Zeuxis painted a work split into (*) Earthly and Heavenly portions that depicts Stephen and Augustine laying a nobleman in the ground; that work is The Burial of the Count of Orgaz. For 10 points, name this country which is the setting of Delacroix's Massacre at Chios and the birthplace of Domenikos Theotokopoulos.

England

One artist from this country painted a sideburned man who tries to hold his mistress back as she rises from his lap. That painting, The Awakening Conscience, was derided for vulgarity, as was a painting which showed Jesus as a boy with a hand injury in Joseph's carpentry shop. Another painting from this country depicts a red dove, which carries a poppy to the kneeling, green-clad Beata Beatrix. Elizabeth Siddall modeled in this country for a painting in which she clutches flowers and floats down a weedy river.. For 10 points, identify this country which produced Ophelia and included artists like John Everett Millais and Dante Gabriel Rossetti in its Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood

One artist from this movement depicted Boccaccio's muse in red, while a red dove lands on a branch over her head. This movement, which produced A Vision of Fiammetta, also produced a scene of the same woman seated and singing. Another singing girl is about to(*) drown in a river in a painting from this movement featuring Elizabeth Siddal, Ophelia. For 10 points, name this British art movement of John Everett Millais ["mill-ay"] and Rossetti, that sought to return art to the style of the early Renaissance, before paintings such as the School of Athens.

pop art

One artist from this movement sculpted household fixtures, including a giant fan and light switches, from softmaterials. In addition to Claes Oldenburg, another artist from this movement included a bodybuilder in Just what isit that makes today's homes so different, so appealing?. One artist from this movement depicted a blue-haired figurethinking she would "Rather Sink Â- Than Call Brad For Help" in Drowning Girl, and that artist created another workby printing Ben-Day dots, which features a fighter plane in Whaam!, by Roy Lichtenstein. For 10 points, name thisart movement that depicted mass culture, including Andy Warhol's Campbell's Soup Cans and silkscreens ofMarilyn Monroe.

Cubism

One artist of this movement invented the papier collé technique and first used it for his work Fruit Dish and Glass. The Italian character Harlequin plays the guitar in a Juan Gris work from this movement's "crystal" form. One leader of this movement painted a portrait of Dora Maar in his work The Weeping Woman. An exhibition of Houses at L'Estaque by Georges (*) Braque prompted Louis Vauxcelles ("vo-SELL") to coin the term for this art movement. Five prostitutes adopt facial features of African masks in one work from this movement, Les Demoiselles D'Avignon. For 10 points, name this art movement pioneered by the artist of Guernica, Pablo Picasso.

King David

One artist updated his work depicting this person by writing Latin words at its base commending those who "fight bravely for the fatherland." A work by Rembrandt shows this figure playing a harp for a man in a brightly-colored turban and in another work a helmet's left wing creeps up this figure's thigh. This figure wears a large garlanded (*) hat and slides a foot through the locks of an enemy in one Renaissance artwork. In another sculpture, this figure's arm finishes a downward motion after having thrown a stone at a Philistine. For 10 points, name this biblical man who killed Goliath, the subject of a marble sculpture by Michelangelo.

Rococo

One artist who worked in this style signed his name in the bottom left of a painting next to a dead rabbit and a bundle of arrows. Francois Boucher's ["Fran-swah Boo-shay's"] Diana After the Hunt is in this style as is another painting which depicts an armless statue of Venus and several flying Cupids flanking people that are either getting on or off a golden boat. In another painting in this style, a woman in a(*) pink dress and straw hat kicks off her shoe towards a man. The Swing exemplifies, for 10 points, what colorful artistic style of Watteau ["wah-toe"] and Fragonard?

World War II American propaganda (prompt on "war art" or other similar answers)

One artwork in this genre shows a man in a fedora driving a car and sitting next to a ghostly white outline of a world leader. Disney's works in this genre include The New Spirit and the incredibly racist Commando Duck. Frank Capra directed a series of films in this genre entitled (*) Why We Fight, which was meant to counter works like Leni Riefenstahl's Triumph of the Will. One poster in this genre shows a woman in a red polka dot bandana flexing. For 10 points, name the genre of posters and film featuring characters like Rosie the Riveter, produced to urge Americans to support the war effort during World War II.

still-lifes

One artwork in this genre, which included a cat with an arched back beside a partially-skinned ray, was by master Jean Chardin. Several works in its bodegón subgenre were produced by the Spaniard Francisco de Zurbaran. The vanitas subgenre of these paintings reminds the viewer of the transience of life by showing books propped open with skulls. One painting of this type uses disjointed perspective to show ladyfinger cookies stacked like Lincoln logs; that painting is Paul Cezanne's Basket of Apples. For 10 points, name this type of painting exemplified by Van Gogh's Sunflowers, a genre which typically depicts an arrangement of inanimate objects on a table.

Richard Strauss (prompt on just Strauss)

One autobiographical piece by this composer includes an oboe solo depicting a sex scene that is interrupted by the imitation of a crying baby. This composer of the Symphonia Domestica used thunder and wind machines to portray a (*) storm he encountered as a child while climbing a mountain, and he included the section "Song of the Night Wanderer" in a tone poem beginning with the "Nature motif." This composer of the Alpine Symphony used the rising notes C-G-C to symbolize a rising sunrise. For 10 points, name this German composer, who adapted a work of Friedrich Nietzsche into his Also sprach Zarathustra.

Frank (Owen) Gehry

One building by this architect originally named the Beekman Tower was modeled off of Chicago's Aqua, and it is located on New York's Spruce Street. An assortment of Cubist shapes made of stainless steel adorn this man's Weisman Museum in Minnesota. The Medusa sits atop a deconstructivist building by Vlado Milunić and this architect, and that building is located in (*) Prague and known as the Dancing House. Stainless steel surrounds a concert hall by this architect that commemorates animator Walt Disney. For 10 points, name this architect of Bilbao's Guggenheim Museum.

West Side Story

One character in this musical decries a place where the hurricanes are blowing and the population's growing; she is supported by the chorus' preference for a land where everything's "freeÂ...for a small fee." A girl in this musical says that she "hardly can believe [she's] real" while admiring her "so charming it's alarming" self in a bridal shop. That character participates in the duet (*) "Tonight" after singing "I Feel Pretty," and loves a boy who declares, "I've just met a girl named Maria!" Jerome Robbins choreographed a finger-snapping dance-off to open this musical about the Jets and the Sharks. For 10 points, name this musical by Leonard Bernstein which retells Romeo and Juliet in New York City.

Carmen

One character in this opera agrees to return home with Micaëla once he learns that his mother is sick. In its first act, a female character goes to prison and seduces her guard into letting her go in a seguidilla. Later in this opera, that character and her companions Frasquita and Mercédès entertain (*) officers at Lillas Pastia's Inn. Another character in this opera introduces himself in the "Toreador Song" and falls for the title character who sings about love in "Habanera". For 10 points, name this opera set in Spain about the title gypsy girl, by George Bizet.

The Magic Flute

One character in this opera is rescued by child-spirits who sing "Stop! And be wise, you only live once" after an attempted suicide. That character, a birdcatcher, then uses magic bells to summon his love. A priest of Isis and Osiris asks the gods to protect the protagonist, but later the protagonist's lover is instructed to kill the priest, Sarastro, with a dagger. The line "hell's vengeance boils in my heart" appears in an aria in which the soprano reaches a high F6. Papageno and the Queen of the Night are characters in this opera, which centers on Tamino's love for Pamina. For 10 points, name this opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart about the title enchanted instrument.

The Magic Flute

One character in this opera sings the aria "Der Vogelfänger bin ich ja" while dressed as a bird. That same character gets his mouth padlocked for lying about killing a giant serpent. The real killers of that serpent show a character in this opera a portrait of an imprisoned woman. Monostatos serves the sorcerer (*) Sarastro in this opera. The most famous aria in this opera requires the singer to hit a high F6. In the aria "Der Hölle Rache," a knife is given to the daughter of the Queen of the Night. This opera ends with Tamino passing the trials necessary to save his love Pamina with the help of the title object. For 10 points, name this opera by Mozart about a special instrument.

The Magic Flute

One character in this work claims to have rescued the protagonist from a massive beast, after which the ThreeLadies padlock his mouth shut for lying. In another scene, that birdcatcher is forced to swear not to speak to women,but sings about his desire for a wife and pledges himself to an elderly woman, who then becomes young. Those twocharacters sing the duet "PaÂ... paÂ... paÂ..." after Papageno tries to hang himself. Pamina is given a dagger to killSarastro by her mother, the Queen of the Night in the aria Der Hölle Rache. For 10 points, name this work in whichPrince Tamino receives the title instrument, the last opera by Mozart.

Danse Macabre

One commenter called this orchestral piece the "deformed Dies Irae plainsong." The text for this tone poem was originally derived from Henri Cazalis' L'illusion. This piece opens with a harp playing a D note twelve times to symbolize the twelve (*) strokes of midnight before a solo violin enters with the Devil's chord. This piece is most notable for using the xylophone to imitate rattling bones. For 10 points, name this piece written by Camille Saint-Saëns that is based on an old French superstition.

Kingdom of Spain

One composer from this country created the virtuosic Zigeunerweisen for violin and orchestra. A work set in thiscountry features a Ritual Fire Dance, and in another work set in this country, a magistrate imprisons a miller so hecan sleep with his wife. Those ballets are Love, the Magician and The Three Cornered Hat. The French composerÉdouard Lalo wrote a Symphonie for violin and orchestra using themes from this country, and an opera set in thiscountry includes the Habanera chorus and depicts Don José's murder of the title gypsy girl, Carmen. For 10 points,name this home country of Pablo de Sarasate, Manuel de Falla, and the composer of the Tango in D, Isaac Albéniz.

Kingdom of Hungary (accept Magyarország; accept Magyar Királyság)

One composer from this country has his works catalogued using Searle numbers. Another composer with ancestry from this country used the technique of micropolyphony in his Atmosphères. A third composer from this country wrote a work consisting of 153 pieces of increasing (*) difficulty to teach his son the piano. The composer of Mikrokosmos was from this country, as was the originator of the symphonic poem, at whom women tossed undergarments as part of his namesake "mania." For 10 points, name this home country of György Ligeti, Béla Bartók, and Franz Liszt, who wrote a series of "rhapsodies" named for it.

Czech Republic (or Czechoslovakia)

One composer from this country included "The Noon Witch" and "The Wild Dove" in a set of mythological symphonic poems. The "Sokol Fanfare" is part of a work written for this country's military entitled Sinfonietta, while a shrieking high-E depicts the deafness of a man from this country at the end of the quartet (*) "From My Life". The composer of that piece wrote an opera where Kecal agrees to pay 300 florins for Marenka, and another man from this nation used spirituals in a symphony inspired by a trip to America. For 10 points, name this country home to composers like Bedrich Smetana and Antonin Dvorak.

(Kingdom of) Hungary

One composer from this country included a toccata nicknamed "The Devil's Staircase" in a collection of notoriously difficult etudes. That composer's piece Atmospheres, which exemplifies his pioneering "micropolyphonic" style, appears in the score for 2001: A Space Odyssey. Another composer from this country wrote an orchestral work whose second movement is a "Game of Pairs". Besides writing (*) Concerto for Orchestra, that composer from this country portrayed Judith demanding that her husband open seven locked doors in his one-act opera Duke Bluebeard's Castle. For 10 points, name this home country of Béla Bartók, who studied at its Royal Academy of Music in Budapest.

Brazil

One composer from this country wrote a 20 minute solo piano portrait of Arthur Rubinstein titled the Rudepoêma. "It Tears Your Heart" is the subtitle of the tenth piece in that composer from this country's Chôros series. That same composer wrote a series of nine suites that combine the folk music of this nation with the (*) baroque style of J.S. Bach. A Latin-jazz musician from this country composed the song "The Girl from Ipanema." For 10 points, name this South American country home to Heitor Villa-Lobos and Antonio Carlos Jobim, the creator of bossa nova.

Republic of Poland (or Rzeczpospolita Polska; the first sentence references Miecysław Karłowicz, while the second references Ignacy Jan Paderewski)

One composer from this country wrote the Rebirth symphony before being killed by an avalanche. This non-German country was the home of a pianist who wrote a famous Minuet in G and also served as its Prime Minister. One work from this country calls for 52 strings to bow on the wrong side of the bridge to depict an (*) atomic bombing, and was titled Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima. A native son of this country commemorated its November Uprising in his "Revolutionary" etude and wrote the Minute Waltz. For 10 points, name this home country of Krzysztof Penderecki ["kuh-zhish-tof pen-der-ET-skee"] and Frederic Chopin.

Russia

One composer from this country wrote two string quartets, in A Major and D Major, the second of which includes his "Nocturne." Another composer from this country had violins imitate guitars in a work that contains a "Scene and gypsy song," two "Alboradas," and a "Fandango asturiano." That composer from this country used weird time signatures like "two-one" and "five-two" in an overture depicting the (*) Easter Festival here. Some Polovetsian Dances from this country were reorchestrated by the composer of Capriccio Espagnol and Scheherazade. For 10 points, name Eastern European country home to the "Mighty Five," including Alexander Borodin and Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov.

Russian Federation (the unnamed composers are Scriabin and Borodin)

One composer from this modern day country wrote a piano sonata he refused to play due to its evil nature, a work preceding his "White Mass" sonata. The D-major second string quartet of a composer from this country contains a famed nocturne, and that composer also wrote a tone poem depicting the "Steppes of Central Asia." The last symphony of a composer from this country has a "limping" (*) 5/4 waltz and is nicknamed the Pathétique. A composer from this country quoted "La Marseillaise" and employed cannon fire to depict the invasion of Napoleon in his 1812 Overture. For 10 points, give this home of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

Italy

One composer from this modern nation developed a simplified style of polyphonic choral music that allowed the words to be heard clearly. Another composer from this nation wrote violin concertos with nicknames like "Pleasure and "The Storm At Sea" and depicted a crying village boy and a barking dog in other concertos. The composer of the (*) Pope Marcellus Mass came from this nation. A composer from this nation wrote a violin concerto that ends using fast repeated notes to represent a violent summer storm. Concerto and opera were invented in this nation, home to the composer of The Four Seasons. For 10 points, name this nation home to Palestrina and Vivaldi.

France

One composer from this nation wrote thirteen nocturnes and thirteen barcarolles for piano, a song with a title translating as "After a Dream," and a suite for piano duet called Dolly. A work from this nation begins with a flute solo that wanders from C-sharp down to G, then back up again. Its composer, who was from this nation, innovatively used pentatonic and whole-tone scales to depict "Play of the (*) Waves" and "From Dawn to Noon on the Sea" in an orchestral work. That composer from this nation wrote Children's Corner and Preludes like "The Sunken Cathedral" and "The Girl with the Flaxen Hair." For 10 points, name this country home to Gabriel Fauré and Claude Debussy.

Aaron Copland

One composition by this man includes the "Dance of the Opium Eater," who is revived by the title vampire, Grohg. A work by this man includes the section "The Lord's Day" and had its set designed by Isamu Noguchi, and he depicted the dance between the Champion Roper and the (*) Cowgirl in one work in a section followed by a "Hoe-Down." This composer collaborated with choreographer Martha Graham on a work that quotes the Shaker hymn "Simple Gifts." For 10 points, name this American composer who wrote the music for the ballets Rodeo and Appalachian Spring.

national anthem

One composition of this type from Japan features lyrics taken from Heian period waka poetry. An Italian composition of this type features a chorus with the words "we are ready to die" which ends in a loud Si!. British test cricket matches have used "Jerusalem" as this type of composition since 2004, while one from France notably commands "Arise, children of the Fatherland," and "To arms citizens, form your battalions!" Many British colonies have officially adopted "God Save the Queen" as this type of work. For 10 points name this type of patriotic composition, the American version of which is "The Star Spangled Banner."

pianoforte

One jazz musician who played this instrument characteristically included rapid descending whole-tone scales in his improvisation. That player of this instrument composed the rhythmically challenging standard "Nutty." The namesake quartet of another player of this instrument recorded rhythmically complex songs like "Blue Rondo à la Turk." One player of this instrument wrote songs like "Well, You Needn't," "Epistrophy" and "Round Midnight," and another is usually credited with a song actually written by saxophonist Paul Desmond, "Take Five." For 10 points, name this instrument played by jazz musicians like Thelonious Monk and Dave Brubeck, a keyboard instrument.

impressionism

One member of this movement painted a girl wearing a white dress with seven blue bows standing on a swing. That artist from this movement also painted works such as Two Sisters On the Terrace at the Maison Fournaise restaurant. Another member of this movement painted a portrait of the Bellelli family and (*) A Cotton Office in New Orleans. A pioneer of this art movement portrayed haystacks throughout the seasons as well as a series of over 250 murals of water lilies. For ten points, identify this French art movement whose major proponents included Auguste Renoir, Edgar Degas, and Claude Monet.

A Remembrance of Viktor Hartmann

One movement in this suite is said to represent "French women quarrelling violently in the market," and the thirdmovement depicts children at play in the Tuileries. Another movement portrays the flight of the witch Baba Yaga.That movement, "The Hut on Fowl's Legs," precedes the final movement of this suite, a two-part rondocommemorating a structure designed for Tsar Alexander II. This suite opens with a Promenade theme that is restatedfour times to represent a viewer walking between displays, and it concludes with "The Great Gate of Kiev." For 10points, name this fifteen-movement piano suite composed by Modest Mussorgsky.

fifth symphony

One musical work of this type and number ends with six irregularly spaced chords, and that piece's most famous motif was inspired by the sight of sixteen swans taking flight. That work in E-flat major is by Jean Sibelius. Mahler's composition of this type and number begins with a funeral march in C-sharp minor and is best known for its Adagietto fourth movement. The finale of a piece of this type and number contains an interruption in which a theme from the scherzo returns. That piece features a "short-short-short-long" motif that has often been likened to "fate knocking at the door." For 10 points, give the type and number of that C-minor orchestral work by Beethoven.

string quartets

One of piece in this genre begins with low, slow repeated "C"s, followed by the sustained notes A-flat, E-flat, and A-natural. A Mozart piece in this genre was the direct model for Beethoven's Opus 18 No. 5, which is also in this genre. Mozart's late works in this genre are nicknamed for the publisher Hoffmeister and the King of Prussia. Beethoven's pieces in this genre have nicknames like (*) "Harp" and "Serioso." Mozart included pieces in this genre nicknamed "Hunt" and "Dissonance" in a set of six dedicated to Haydn. Beethoven dedicated three of them to count Razumovsky. For 10 points, name this chamber music genre played by two violins, a viola, and a cello.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood

One of the most famous paintings of this art movement was lambasted by Charles Dickens as blasphemous for making the holy family look like alcoholics and slum-dwellers. That painting, Christ in the House of his Parents, was an early work of John (*) Millais who, along with William Holman Hunt and Dante Gabriel Rossetti, agreed to react against the rigid classicizing conventions of the Royal Academy. For 10 points, name this mid-nineteenth century British art movement named in opposition to Raphael.

birds (accept specific types of birds, including cockatoos or goldfinchs)

One of these animals appears in the extreme bottom left corner of Bronzino's Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time, while an infant John the Baptist holds a type of these animals in one of Raphael's Madonnas. Joseph Wright of Derby painted an experiment on one of these animals in an (*) air pump. A series of marble and bronze sculptures depicting these animals in idealized slanted, diagonal forms was assessed a customs tax; that work depicts these animals in Space and was created by Constantin Brancusi. For 10 points, name these animals, many American examples of which were sketched by John James Audubon.

studio​s

One of these locations was extensively photographed by Hans Namuth. In the center of a painting of this kind of location, a white cat plays with a pile of clothing, while a young boy looks up at the central figure. In another of these locations, many films were shot featuring so-called "superstars," who were, according to the owner of that one of these locations, given (*) ​"fifteen minutes of fame." A painting titled for one of these places depicts Proudhon and Baudelaire looking at an unfinished landscape. One of these locations named The Factory was owned by Andy Warhol. For 10 points, name these places dedicated to working on pieces of art.

trains

One of these objects can be seen behind a brick wall on the left of De Chirico's The AnxiousJourney. The right side of a painting of one of these objects depicts a tiny hunter and his two dogs. One of these objects is the depicted in the most famous of the early Lumière Brothers films. Pedestrians and white-gray clouds surround two of these objects in a Monet painting of the (*) Gare Saint-Lazare. A small hare runs in front of one of these things in a painting of Maidenhead Bridge by J.M.W Turner. One of these machines emerges from a fireplace in Magritte's Time Transfixed. For 10 points, name these large vehicles depicted in Rain, Steam, and Speed.

ships

One of these objects is in the center of the painting Light and Colour (Goethe's Theory). It's not a hare, but a small one of these things is in the front left of Rain, Steam, and Speed. When he was 67, J.M.W. Turner asked to be tied to one of these things during a snowstorm, inspiring his non-Hannibal-related painting of that name, while another of his paintings of these objects is subtitled (*) "typhoon coming on." One of them is at the center of Winslow Homer's most famous painting. A painting titled for one of these objects depicts people in chains being attacked by sea monsters. For 10 points, name these objects that Turner loved to paint, including The "Fighting" Temeraire and one that was used to transport slaves across the Atlantic.

masks (accept death masks; accept transforming masks)

One of these objects showing an unidentified woman found drowned in the Seine was a wildly popular decoration in early 1900s Parisian houses, and the Kwakiutl made "transforming" types of these things. The elongated medico della pesta is an example of them used during the Carnival of Venice, and the figures in (*) Les Demoiselles d'Avignon were inspired by Picasso's viewing of African examples. Performers in Japanese Noh theater often wear stylized examples of these items, and they were often worn in African ritual ceremonies. For 10 points, name these objects used to portray oneself as another person.

Frida Kahlo's Self Portraits (prompt on "works by Frida Khalo" and equivalents)

One of these paintings subtitled "Time Flies" shows an airplane and an alarm clock behind the subject. Another one of these paintings depicts a deer with a human head wounded with arrows. A panther and monkey appear behind the subject who is wearing a necklace made of (*) thorns in one of these works, another of which shows the artist filled with nails while recuperating from a traffic accident. That piece, The Broken Column, is one of many of these paintings to show off its Mexican artist's distinctive unibrow. For 10 points, name these paintings that Diego Rivera's wife made of herself.

Brandenburg Concertos

One of these works was used as the basis for the Sinfonia in F Major and a single Phrygian half-cadence makes up the second movement in one of these pieces. Johann Schwarber was the intended player of a valved trumpet solo in one of these pieces, and violins are replaced by (*) viole da gamba in the final one. A lengthy harpsichord cadenza opens the 5th of these compositions which were dedicated to the Margrave Christian Ludwig. For 10 points, name this set of six works by J.S. Bach named for a German state.

Frank Lloyd Wright

One of this architect's creations consists of two long, narrow rectangular buildings, which from the street appear as one horizontal structure. This architect designed a building in the "Maya Revival Style" that had a shallow, mud-based foundation, which allowed it to survive a 1923 (*) earthquake. This designer of the Robie House built a Pennsylvania home commissioned by Edgar Kaufmann that uses cantilevered floors to extend over a running creek. For 10 points, name this Prairie Style architect, the designer of the Imperial Hotel and Fallingwater.

Dorothea Lange

One of this artist's images shows eight boys sitting on a bench with open books on their laps at Lincoln Bench School. This artist chose not to describe herself as an artist; instead, she called herself "a discoverer, a real social observer." This artist first apprenticed under Arnold Genthe in New York and later collaborated with Paul Taylor on the documentary (*) An American Exodus. Joining the War Relocation Authority in 1941, this artist documented the effects of Executive Order 9066 at Manzanar, a Japanese internment camp. For 10 points, name this photographer most famous for Depression-era images like Migrant Mother.

Auguste Rodin

One of this artist's larger creations contains a scene of a father crouching over his sons as they all starve to death at the orders of the Archbishop. Another work by this teacher of Camille Claudel was considered so lifelike that he was accused of casting a live model into bronze. In addition to the group of Ugolino and his Sons, he also created a group of six French lords with (*) ropes around their necks walking to their execution. His massive sculptural group The Gates of Hell once contained The Kiss and includes a depiction of a man sitting on a rock with his head on his fist. For 10 points, name this French sculptor of The Burghers of Calais and The Thinker.

Marcel Duchamp

One of this artist's works can only be viewed through a peephole in a wooden door, and depicts the body of a supine nude woman lying on grass. He also prominently featured a snow shovel in his Prelude to a Broken Arm. Another of his works features nine "Malic Molds" below the Bride's Domain. This artist of Etant Donnes and The Large Glass modeled in a series of photographs featuring him crossdressed as Rose Selavy. He painted a mustache on a Mona Lisa postcard in his L.H.O.O.Q, and signed R. Mutt on a urinal, passing it off as art. For 10 points, name this artist associated with Dadaism, who created Fountain and many other readymades.

Alfred Stieglitz

One of this artist's works contrasts the "old and new" of a city by showing traditional houses in the foreground and a skyscraper under construction in the background, while an abstract series by this artist titled Equivalents depicts clouds. Another work by this artist depicts a horse-drawn carriage making its way through the snow on the title street, (*) Fifth Avenue. This man founded the journal Camera Work as well as the gallery 291. This photographer's most famous piece appears to be inspired by Cubism and depicts lower class passengers on a steamship. For 10 points, name this American photographer of The Steerage who started the Photo-Secessionist movement and took many photographs of his wife, Georgia O'Keeffe.

Christo (accept Christo Vladimirov Javacheff; accept Christo and Jeanne-Claude)

One of this artist's works in progress involves constructing oil barrels in a "Mastaba" outside Abu Dhabi, and another is set "Over the River." Wolfgang Volz is the exclusive photographer of this artist's works. This artist's most recent work was set on Lake Iseo in Italy using (*) yellow "Floating Piers," and a woman was crushed by a giant umbrella from one his installations. This artist installed thousands of saffron-colored "Gates" in Central Park. Prior to her death in 2009, this artist collaborated with his wife Jeanne-Claude. For 10 points, name this environmental artist who wrapped the Reichstag in over nine miles of fabric.

Johannes Vermeer

One of this artist's works shows a woman dressed in blue opening a window with her right hand while holding a water jug in her left. Most of his paintings are illuminated by a window on the left, an exception to that being his depiction of a lady who turns towards the viewer while (*) writing a letter. In one of this artist's paintings a man places his hand on a globe, while in another painting that used the same model a man holds a compass. In addition to his works The Astronomer and The Geographer, he painted his hometown in the View of Delft. For 10 points, name this artist of The Milkmaid and Girl with a Pearl Earing.

Georges Bizet (or Alexandre César Léopold Bizet)

One of this composer's arias is alternatively called the "Friendship duet," takes place "At the back of the holy temple," and is sung between Nadir and Zurga. One of his operas includes a seguidilla "near the ramparts of Seville" in which a character seduces a man in Lillas Pastia's inn. This composer of the (*) Ceylon-set opera The Pearl Fishers wrote an opera that includes the Toreador Song and the Habanera, which calls a "love a rebellious bird." The title character of this composer's most famous opera falls in love with Escamillo and is stabbed by Don José in the bullfighting ring. For 10 points, name this French composer of the opera Carmen.

Johann Sebastian Bach

One of this composer's keyboard works is in 3/8, beginning with: a D Minor scale up to B-Flat; a low C-sharp; then back down the scale from B-Flat again. He put a hand crossing-heavy Gigue at the end of his B-Flat major first partita for harpsichord. One of his concertos is scored for violin, two recorders, and strings, while another omits violins and includes violas da gamba. He included a D Minor (*) chaconne at the end of one of his Sonatas and Partitas for solo violin. He also wrote a D Minor concerto for two violins. His keyboard works include sets of two- and three-part inventions. For 10 points, name this composer of six cello suites, the Brandenburg Concertos, and The Well-Tempered Clavier.

Giuseppe (Fortunino Francesco) Verdi

One of this composer's operas is often performed without its "Fontainebleau" first act, and is based on a Schiller play. The title character swears friendship to Rodrigo in this composer's duet "Dio, che nell'alma infodere" ["DEE-oh, kay nell-AHL-mah een-FOH-day-ray"]. A cabaletta by this composer is twice interrupted by reprises of his aria "Un di, felice, eterea" ["OON dee, fay-LEE-chay, eh-TAY-ray-ah"]. This composer of Don Carlos also wrote the drinking song (*) "Libiamo ne'lieti calici" ["leeb-YAH-mo nayl-YAY-tee cah-LEE-chee"]. "Sempre libera" is sung by a courtesan wooed by Alfredo in this man's opera about the dying courtesan Violetta. He also wrote an opera about the Egyptian commander Radamès's love for an Ethiopian princess. For 10 points, name this Italian opera composer of La Traviata and Aïda.

Claude Debussy

One of this composer's orchestral works opens with a timpani roll and harps alternating between F-sharp and G-sharp. Carl Czerny inspired this composer to write his book of Preludes which includes "The Sunken Cathedral." Doctor Gradus ad Parnassum and (*) Golliwog's Cakewalk make up this composer's Children's Corner suite. This composer's most famous piece is a part of his Suite Bergamasque and is based off of a Paul Verlaine poem. For 10 points, name this French impressionist composer of La Mer and Claire de Lune.

Franz Schubert

One of this composer's songs uses the text of Sir Walter Scott's "Hymn to the Virgin" and invokes a "maiden mild" who can "save amidst despair." He wrote a song in which the female speaker declares "My peace is gone, my heart is heavy," as Faust has left her. This composer's "Ellen's Third Song" is better-known as his "Ave Maria." This composer of (*) "Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel" used Wilhelm Müller's poetry for his song cycle Winterreise. Only 30 measures of the third movement his eighth symphony were sketched prior to his death. For 10 points, name this Austrian composer of many lieder and an "Unfinished Symphony."

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

One of this composer's symphonies begins with a "tempo di marcia funebre" in the parallel minor, before returning to Allegro Briliante in D major, the tonic. Another of this composer's symphonies quotes the folk song "The Crane" in its C Major finale which begins Moderato Assai, and a solo horn plays "Down By Mother (*) Volga". The second movement of this man's sixth symphony contains a limping 5/4 waltz, and Lord Byron inspired this man's Manfred Symphony in B minor. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of symphonies nicknamed "Polish" and "Pathetique" as well as The Nutcracker.

Igor (Fyodorovich) Stravinsky

One of this composer's symphonies begins with the strings plucking an E minor chord with extra "G"s, followed by an octatonic ostinato in the oboe and bassoon. He used a septet of violin, bass, clarinet, bassoon, cornet, trombone, and percussion to accompany the Devil and a narrator in a collaboration with C.F. Ramuz. During his (*) "neoclassical" period, this composer wrote The Soldier's Tale and Symphony of Psalms. He used an extremely high bassoon solo to open a ballet in which a virgin dances herself to death as part of a pagan ritual. For 10 points, name this Russian composer whose music sparked a riot at the 1913 première of his ballet The Rite of Spring.

Claudio Monteverdi

One of this composer's vocal compositions asks "Lovely little bird, who are you singing about?" while a contrasting set of madrigals sees the orchestra and voices split ways. The prologue of one of his operas sees Fortune and Virtue arguing about who has more power over mankind, and the opening of another opera features a famous lament in which Ariadne repeats the words "Let me die" over a dominant seventh chord. That opera, L'Arianna, is one of the oldest Baroque operas, while this composer's most famous opera sees Eurydice fail to return to the mortal world. For 10 points, name this Italian composer of The Coronation of Poppea and L'Orfeo.

Louis-Hector Berlioz

One of this composer's works includes a movement subtitled "Chorus of Souls in Purgatory" in which the chorus only sings the notes A and B-Flat. The fourth movement of another of this composer's works begins with two timpani playing sextuplets. One of this composer's works features ten timpanists and four brass bands in its "Tuba mirum" section. Another of his works has an offstage oboe echo an english horn and uses a recurring idée fixe to represent his love for Harriet Smithson. That symphony by this composer includes movements like "March to the Scaffold." For 10 points, name this French Romantic composer of a huge Requiem and the Symphonie Fantastique.

George Frideric Handel

One of this composer's works pairs the "Largo alla Siciliana" movement "La Paix" with "La Réjouissance," which includes ad lib. snare drum parts in addition to that work's 3 sets of timpani and 24 oboes. This composer included an "Alla Hornpipe" in the second suite of one of his orchestral works. This composer included a musical depiction of flies in Israel in Egypt and the chorus "See, the Conqu'ring Hero Comes!" in Judas Maccabeus. He included a fugue on the words "and he shall reign for ever - and ever" in one work. For 10 points, name this German-English composer of Water Music and Music for the Royal Fireworks, whose Messiah includes the "Hallelujah Chorus."

Johann Sebastian Bach

One of this composer's works uses a "halo" of sustained strings to surround the voice of a certain character until he speaks the words "Eli Eli, lama sabachthani!" August Wilhelmj transposed a section from one of this composer's orchestral suites into the "Air on the G String." While working as director of music for the (*) Lutheran Church in Leipzig, this composer created a depiction of Christ's suffering called the St. Matthew Passion. This composer applied for a job by writing six concerti for a German margrave. For 10 points, name this composer of the Brandenburg Concertos.

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

One of this composer's works was based on Asturian folk melodies and begins with a movement called "Alborada". This composer uses chromatic sixteenth note runs in an orchestral interlude to depict the transformation of Prince Gvidon Saltanovich. Aside from Capriccio (*) Espagnol, he also composed a suite that uses the whole tone scale E, D, C, B-flat and contains a movement called "The Sea and Sinbad's Ship". For 10 points, name this composer of such works as the Russian Easter Festival Overture, Scheherazade, and "The Flight of the Bumblebee".

Wassily (Wassilyevich) Kandinsky

One of this man's books emphasizes the role of physical force in the act of painting lines, which can create "lyricism" or "drama." This man described a "Language of Form and Color" that can express an artist's "inner necessity." He wrote Point and Line to Plane while working at the (*) Bauhaus ["BOW-howss"]. This author of Concerning the Spiritual in Art founded a movement that included August Macke and Franz Marc. His many Improvisations and Compositions are usually considered to be the first modern abstract paintings. For 10 points, name this Russian founder of Der Blaue Reiter.

Eugene

One of this man's plays revolves around an African-American Pullman porter's flight from power in the West Indies. A character created by this playwright refers to himself as a "foolosopher." That former anarchist, Larry Slade, appears in the same play as two friends from opposite sides of the Boer war, who stop talking to one another after a man's speech. At the end of that play by this author of The Emperor (*) Jones, Don Parritt commits suicide and Hickey, the title character, admits to murdering his wife. That play by this man revolves around the "Pipe Dreams" of the men in Harry Hope's saloon. For 10 points, name this author of The Iceman Cometh.

Louis Armstrong

One of this man's songs contains the lyrics "It's nice to have you back where you belong." He played alongside John King Oliver in his Creole band and worked with Earl Hines under the name The Weatherbird Duet. One song by this man was "Hello (*) Dolly," and this man played a famous cover of "When the Saints Go Marching In" and "West End Blues." Satchmo was this man's nickname, and he frequently used wordless syllables called scat singing. For 10 points, name this jazz trumpeter from New Orleans.

Dave Brubeck

One of this man's songs was inspired by street performers telling him "This rhythm is to us, what the blues is to you." A work by this man mixed Biblical scripture with Martin Luther King's sayings. A 7/4 time signature is featured in one song by this man, and another song by him was inspired by Turkish musicians. Those two songs were "Unsquare Dance" and (*) "Blue Rondo à la Turk," respectively. Paul Desmond played along with this man in his namesake quartet, and that group released the album "Time Out." For 10 points, name this jazz pianist who wrote "Take Five."

Ralph Vaughan Williams

One of this man's symphonies includes quotes from Shelley, Coleridge, and Donne at the beginning of some movements. That symphony, his seventh, was based on a film score about a journey to the Antarctic. A hymnal called "Why fum'th in fight" was the basis for a work by this man scored for a (*) string quartet and two orchestras. Another work of his for violin was inspired by a poem of the same name written by George Meredith. For 10 points, name this composer of Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis, The Lark Ascending, and Fantasia on Greensleeves.

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

One of this man's works featured a Georg Kolbe statue called Alba placed in a small water basin. One of this architect's first major works had a back facade that could be completely opened and a translucent onyx wall on the interior. This man created a house for the Tugendhat family that contained his Brno chairs. In order to maintain a uniform facade, the window blinds (*) in a building designed by this architect only have three settings. That building uses exterior bronze I-beams to display structure and was a collaboration with Philip Johnson, who designed its Four Seasons Restaurant. The Seagram Building was designed by, for 10 points, what International Style architect who adopted the maxim "less is more?"

John Philip Sousa

One of this man's works was written to commemorate a park resort at Manhattan Beach. Monty Python used a song by this man called "The Liberty Bell" as its theme song. This man wrote one work for an essay contest by the Washington Post. Piccolos (*) play an obbligato and are later joined by the brass in one song by this composer. The official national march of the U.S. was written by this man, and that march was known as "Stars and Stripes Forever." For 10 points, name this man who was known as the "March King."

Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini

One opera by this composer uses an offstage wordless chorus as the title character waits for another character through the night. That opera by this composer uses the beginning of "The Star-Spangled Banner" to represent one character. The title character of another of his operas is a singer who describes how she lived for art and love in the aria "Vissi d'arte." At the end of that opera, the orchestra quotes "E lucevan le stelle," one of Cavaradossi's arias. In another of his operas, the duet "O soave fanciulla" is sung by Rodolfo and Mimi, the latter of whom dies of tuberculosis. For 10 points, name this Italian opera composer of Tosca, Madama Butterfly, and La Bohème.

Charles Ives

One orchestral set by this composer uses bugle melodies from "Reveille" to depict a wartime regiment. Another of this man's works depicts blaring fire engines and police cars which this composer described as a "ragtime war" between pianos. A woodwind quartet in one of this man's works grows more agitated each time they play as a trumpet asks the unanswered (*) "Perennial Question of Existence". One of this man's suites includes movements named for authors like Hawthorne, Emerson, and Thoreau. For 10 points, name this American composer of the Concord Sonata and Three Places in New England.

Brueghel

One painter with this surname collaborated with Peter Paul Rubens on a series of allegories for The Five Senses. People ice-skate in the background of a painting by an artist of this surname in which three men are surrounded by their dogs. That man also depicted a peasant "belling the cat", the Fox and the Stork dining together, and other odd (*) idioms. In another painting by an artist with this surname, a farmer plows in the left foreground while a ship sails past two flailing legs in the water. For 10 points, give this surname of Flemish painters like Jan and Pieter, who painted Netherlandish Proverbs and Landscape with the Fall of Icarus.

Jacques-Louis David

One painting by this artist depicts a servant on the right mourning for a figure being carried on the left behind a statue. Another work by this artist was originally planned to have the title figure crowning himself, but instead shows that man crowning a kneeling woman in front of him. Besides painting The (*) Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons and The Coronation of Napoleon, this artist also painted a work in which the title figure has a chronic skin disease and must remain in a bathtub where he is shown assassinated. For 10 points, name this French artist of The Death of Marat.

Eugéne Delacroix

One painting by this artist depicts a young tiger playing with its mother and was influenced by Rubens' painting Tiger Hunt. Another of this artist's paintings shows a man attempting to eat his right hand below the central figure and his guide, who are sailing from the City of the Dead; that painting is The Barque of Dante. The most famous painting by this artist features a corpse wearing a (*) blue sock, in contrast to the barefoot central figure; that central figure stands between a man with a top hat and a musket and a boy wielding two pistols. A woman holding the French Flag triumphantly above a pyramid of corpses and soldiers appears in--for 10 points--what artist's Liberty Leading the People?

Jackson Pollock

One painting by this artist has a section of black down the middle with the rest of the canvas mostly white with yellow and is entitled The Deep. This man's Mural on Indian Red Ground was confiscated by the Iranian government after his death. Because of its 8 colored lines, this artist's Number 11, 1952 is also called (*) "Blue Poles". A line from The Tempest lends its name to his Full Fathom Five, and this man's Number 1, 1950 is more commonly called "Lavender Mist." For 10 points, name this abstract expressionist artist whose "action painting" earned him the nickname "the Dripper."

Norman Rockwell

One painting by this artist shows three wet boys holding their clothes and running with a dog past a "No Swimming" sign. This artist depicted people of different religions and ethnicities praying with the titular phrase inscribed across the work in his mural for the United Nations, The Golden Rule. Four U.S. (*) marshals escort African-American girl Ruby Bridges, to school in this artist's The Problem We All Live With. This man depicted a woman serving a Thanksgiving turkey in the "from want" section of his Four Freedoms series. For 10 points, name this American artist who designed many covers for the Saturday Evening Post.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood

One painting from this artistic movement was considered sacrilegious because the carpentry shop it depicted was messy and Mary was unattractive. Along with Christ in the House of His Parents, another painting of Jesus from this movement depicts him knocking on a door and was entitled The Light of the World. The Germ magazine chronicled work from this movement, and Elizabeth (*) Siddal posed for in a river for Ophelia, a painting from this movement. For 10 points, name this movement whose founders William Holman Hunt, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, and John Everett Millais were influenced by art from before the Renaissance.

Japan

One painting from this country pairs an enormous bull with a small puppy. James Whistler's paintings for the Peacock Room were influenced by the art of this country, and Vincent Van Gogh's painting A Bridge in the Rain is a re-working of a painting by an artist from this country. That painter from this country created a series of woodblock prints depicting the 53 rest stations along the roads connecting this country's capitals. One ukiyo-e ("oo-key-oh ay") artist from this country created a work in which yellow fishing boats are being tossed around by enormous waves. For 10 points, name this country that Katsushika Hokusai depicted in his paintings of Mount Fuji.

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (or PRB)

One painting from this movement depicts a line of fancily dressed women walking down a street while men build a sewer; that painting, entitled Work, is by Ford Madox Brown. Another painting from this school shows the title figure raising his wounded hand in front of (*) carpenters building a door. A woman based on Elizabeth Siddal is prominently featured in a painting from this movement. John Everett Millais' Christ in the House of His Parents and Dante Gabriel Rossetti's Beata Beatrix are masterpieces of, for 10 points, what British art movement which rejected the style of the painter of The School of Athens?

Picasso's Blue Period

One painting from this period shows an inmate at the Saint-Lazare prison hospital and is called Woman with Folded Arms. A painting from this period called The Tragedy depicts a homeless family on a beach. The death of Carlos Casagemas sparked this movement whose common subjects include drunks, beggars, and prostitutes painted in (*) somber colors. The composition, style, and namesake color of this period is exemplified by a depiction of a blind man in rags entitled The Old Guitarist. For 10 points, name this depressive period in the art of Pablo Picasso followed by the Rose Period.

Black Paintings (or Pinturas Negras)

One painting in this group of works consists entirely of two brown swaths of paint, except for a small picture of the title animal's head. A work in this group of works allegorizes civil war using two men knee-deep in mud swinging sticks at each other. This group of works includes The Dog and (*) Fight with Cudgels and was originally created on the walls of its artist's reclusive home the Villa of the Deaf Man. The most famous painting in this set shows a crazed, long-haired man chewing a bloody baby's arm. Saturn Devouring His Son is a member of, for 10 points, what set of paintings by Francisco Goya named for a single, dark color?

The Prado

One painting in this museum depicting the artist's son and daughter sitting on a long divan, titled The Painter's Children in the Japanese Room, is by Fortuny. Richard Hamilton produced an etching version of one of this museum's masterpieces, depicting (*) Picasso in place of the work's artist with a hammer and sickle on his chest rather than the cross of St. James. Other paintings in this Spanish museum include Hieronymus Bosch's The Garden of Earthly Delights. For 10 points, name this museum, home to Velazquez's The Surrender of Breda and Goya's The 3rd of May 1808, located in Madrid.

The Last Supper (accept The Sacrament of the Last Supper; accept Il Cenacolo, accept L'Ultima Cena)

One painting of this scene has two extant copies by Cesare de Sesto and Giampetrino. One painting of this scene uses a dodecahedron to frame a disembodied male torso above the main figure, while another uses a diagonal table and the presence of everyday servants. (*) In addition to depictions by Dali and Tintoretto, one painting of this scene shows the central figure wearing an orange and blue robe while twelve people react with shock at the news that one of them will betray the central figure. For 10 points, name this scene most famously painted by da Vinci that depicts Jesus' final meal with his apostles.

The Four Seasons

One part of this work begins with segments of repeating staccato notes followed by a rapid violin section. The Adagio molto section from one part of this work was accompanied by the composer's program note stating "the drunkards have fallen asleep." Jean-Jacques Rousseau published a version of this work for the flute. A (*) sleeping goatherd is evoked in one part of this work in which a two-note violin motif represents a dog's bark. This work is part of the collection Contest Between Harmony and Invention and includes parts titled "L'autunno" and "La primavera." For 10 points, name this set of four violin concertos by Antonio Vivaldi.

piano

One performer of this instrument recorded the jazz standard "Spain" on the album Light as a Feather with his ensemble Return to Forever. Another performer of this instrument re-recorded his song "Watermelon Man" along with the funk-inspired Chameleon on his album Head Hunters. In addition to Chick Corea and (*) Herbie Hancock, more famous performers of this instrument include the composer of "Round Midnight" and "Straight, No Chaser". Another player of this instrument included his "Blue Rondo ala Turk" and a piece unusually in 5/4 time on his album Time Out. For ten points, name this keyboard instrument played by Thelonius Monk and the performer of "Take Five", Dave Brubeck.

Hector Berlioz Tiebreaker

One piece by this composer, who isn't Franz Liszt, includes a Hungarian march that begins with a trumpet fanfare; that march is also called the Rákóczi [Raw-ko-zee] march. Another piece by this composer contains a "Lacrymosa" in 9/8 time and calls for four offstage brass choirs to enter in the "Tuba Mirum." (*) A program symphony by this composer, later transcribed to piano by Liszt, contains five movements, including "A Ball," "Dream of the Night of the Sabbath," and "March to the Scaffold." For 10 points, name this composer of The Damnation of Faust and Symphonie Fantastique.

ninth symphonies

One piece in this genre and number was played every year for Hitler's birthday by Wilhelm Furtwängler. In the last movement of that piece in this genre and number, the orchestra "tries" out the the themes of the previous three movements between cello-bass recitatives. That D-minor work in this genre and number is from 1824 and includes lyrics like "Be (*) embraced, you millions!" and "daughter from Elysium." Since composers like Bruckner and Mahler died after or around writing pieces in this genre and number, it is said to be "cursed." For 10 points, a choral version of "Ode to Joy" ends Beethoven's piece of what genre and number?

march

One piece in this genre is typically the last piece played by the Vienna Philharmonic in its New Year Concert. Three pieces of four hands were written in this genre by Franz Schubert, and one of these pieces was dedicated to Joseph (*) Radetzky von Radetz. The third movement of Chopin's second piano sonata is this type of work for a funeral. One composer created pieces in this genre titled "Washington Post" and "Stars and Stripes Forever" and was an American known as the "King" of this genre. For 10 points, name this genre repeatedly used by John Philip Sousa, a type of piece that typically accompanies the steady walking of soldiers.

Spain

One piece named for this country begins with pizzicato C's and is often described as "a piece in F and nothing more" by its composer Emmanuel Chabrier. The violin solo "Zigeunerweisen," or "Gypsy Airs," is by a composer from this country, and another violin solo named "Symphony This Country" is by Edouard Lalo. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov wrote a (*) "Capriccio" named after this country that contains two similar "Alborada" movements. For 10 points, name this country home to Manuel de Falla and Isaac Albeniz, the latter of which composed a work titled "Iberia."

George Washington

One portrait of this man contained an intentional misspelling of a country on a book in the background to mark copies. Horatio Greenough was mocked for creating a topless sculpture of this man, and in another depiction he is flanked by Liberty and Victory as he becomes (*) a god. Constantino Brumidi painted an Apotheosis of this man, who is also depicted in the Lansdowne portrait. A Grant Wood painting shows Parson Weems standing by as this man holds an axe while his father scolds him. For 10 points, name this man whose portrait by Gilbert Stuart appears on the front of the one-dollar bill.

Frédéric François Chopin

One posthumously published piano piece by this composer opens with a G-sharp octave in the left hand and features persistent four-against-three rhythms in its C-sharp minor outer sections. The nickname of another work by this composer is due to the repeated A-flats that continue through most of the piece. The poetry of his countryman Adam Mickiewicz is said to have inspired his four ballades, and this composer wrote Fantaisie-Impromptu and the "Raindrop" Prelude. The dance music of his home country inspired his mazurkas and polonaises. For 10 points, name this Polish composer of many waltzes and nocturnes for piano.

Marcel Duchamp

One retrospective exhibit of this artist shows him playing chess with nude model Eve Babitz. Another of his works involves a glass vial with 50 cc of air. His final exhibition depicted a nude woman holding a gas lamp as she lays on her back, and can only be seen through two (*) peep holes. Other pieces by this artist include a parody of a famous portrait with the phrase "she has hot pants" coded into it, an upside-down bicycle wheel set upon a stool, and an upside-down urinal signed R. Mutt. For 10 points, name this man whose "readymades" include L.H.O.O.Q and Fountain.

Aida

One scene in this opera takes place in the city of Thebes, where the Captain of the Guard pleads for one character to pardon the captured army in the aria "O King, by the sacred gods..." That character's daughter, Amneris, holds an unrequited love for (*) Radamès, but Radamès longs for another character whose most famous arias are "O patria mia" and "Ritorna vincitor." At the end of this opera, both that character and Radamès are sealed inside a stone vault in the temple of Vulcan. For 10 points, name this Giuseppi Verdi opera about the title Ethiopian princess.

(François) Auguste (René) Rodin

One sculpture by this artist shows a curled-up woman with her back to the viewer being hoisted into the air by a man in an Atlas-like pose; that work, I am beautiful, is made from joining the artist's other works Crouching Woman and The Falling Man. The Paris Salon rejected this artist's Man with the Broken Nose and nearly rejected (*) The Age of Bronze after rumors spread that the artist had taken a cast from a living model. A more successful work by this artist commemorates the bravery of the elders of a besieged town during the Hundred Years' War, while his most well-known piece is a bronze statue depicting a seated man lost in thought. For 10 points, name this French sculptor of the Burghers of Calais and The Thinker.

gates

One sculpture originally titled Francesca da Rimini that decorated one of these objects was replaced because it did not depict enough suffering. A sculpture of one of these things contains a self-portrait and ten relief panels of scenes from the New Testament. Paolo and Francesca, The (*) Kiss, and The Thinker are all part of one of these set of structures. Lorenzo Ghiberti designed a bronze pair of these objects named "of Paradise" for the north entrance of the Baptistry of Florence. Auguste Rodin depicted a scene from Dante's Inferno in, for 10 points, a sculpture of what kind of thresholds "of Hell"?

A Remembrance of Viktor Hartmann (accept "of" or "from" in place of "at;" accept Kartinki s vystavki; accept Tableaux d'une exposition)

One section of this piece in G sharp minor features one of the first orchestral saxophone solos, and another opens by imitating the "nyah-nyahs" of taunting children playing in the title location. A recurring short section of this work alternating between (*) 5/4 and 6/4 time separates those two sections, "Tuileries" and "The Old Castle." "Promenades" are used to separate the sections in this work, and it was inspired by the work of Viktor Hartmann. This work was most notably orchestrated by Maurice Ravel, and its sections include "Baba Yaga" and "The Great Gate at Kiev." For 10 points, name this Modest Mussorgsky composition inspired by an art show.

Carnival of the Animals

One section of this work ends with an abrupt G major chord and borrows a repeated note motif from a Rameau harpsichord suite. In another section of this work, an offstage clarinet plays a "C-A flat" ostinato. "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" is quoted in a movement of this work that begins with xylophone imitating the (*) clattering of bones. The fourth movement of this piece depicts the title entities with a painfully slow adaptation of Offenbach's "Galop infernal". This piece opens with an "Introduction and Royal March", and its other movements include a mockery of critics titled "People with Long Ears", "Fossils", and a cello solo depicting a swan. For 10 points, name this humorous zoological suite by Camille Saint-Saens.

Sixth Symphony

One symphony of this number contains an "old-fashioned" movement that constantly switches between 4/8 and 3/8 time while offstage cowbells are heard throughout. Another work of this number opens with a solo bassoon theme marked by 6 Ps. In that symphony, the "Allegro con grazia" movement is a dance in (*) 5/4 time usually described as a "limping waltz". Two clarinets represent cuckoos, while a flute depicts a nightingale in a symphony of this number during a movement entitled "Scene by the Brook". For 10 points, name this symphony number shared by Tchaikovsky's Pathetique, Mahler's Tragic, and Beethoven's Pastoral.

Symphony From the New World

One theme in this work played by French horns follows an Adagio introduction in 4/8 time. The tempo of this work's second section was changed to Largo during a New York Philharmonic rehearsal for its premiere. In that movement, an English horn is used to model the voice of Harry (*) Burleigh. The scherzo of this work's molto vivace third movement was influenced by a Longfellow poem. A flute solo in the first movement of this work imitates the spiritual "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot." The composer of this symphony incorporated African-American folk melodies after a visit to America. For 10 points, name this final symphony by Antonín Dvořák ("DVOR-jack").

Peter and the Wolf

One theme in this work starts with an up and down short-short-long, short-short-long, arpeggio of a second-inversion C major chord bottoming out on a low F sharp. This work was commissioned by Natalya Sats after the composer had recently finished a set of piano pieces for children, and it was completed along with the composer's Three Children's Songs. In this work, a character circles the antagonist's muzzle while another character catches its(*) tail in a noose. Hunters are represented by tympani and the Grandfather by a bassoon in, for 10 points, this work by Sergei Prokofiev meant to teach children about musical instruments.

Rhapsody in Blue

One theme in this work, later quoted in the composer's songs "Somebody Loves Me" and "Embraceable You," isleft unresolved before transitioning into a cadenza. This work subdivides the eighth-note rhythm into a three-threetwoarrangement after the opening ritornello. The composer altered the beginning of this work according to arendition played by Ross Gorman during rehearsal. Commissioned by Paul Whiteman for the concert "AnExperiment in Modern Music," this work was inspired by the composer's train ride to Boston. For 10 points, namethis 1924 composition for piano and jazz band by George Gershwin that opens with a solo clarinet glissando.

Épisode de la vie d'un artiste ... en cinq parties (or Fantastical Symphony: An Episode in the Life of an Artist, in Five Parts)

One theme presented in this work's first movement reappears with many grace notes added in the final movement as a solo for the E flat clarinet. This work's third movement includes an English horn and offstage oboe imitating shepherd's calls. In this symphony's final movement, church (*) bells ring as tubas parody the Dies Irae hymn. That fifth movement in this symphony, "Dream of a Witches' Sabbath," follows the movement "March to the Scaffold." This work was inspired by the composer's love for Harriet Smithson, who is represented by the idée fixe. For 10 points, name this programmatic symphony by Hector Berlioz.

marches

One variation on this type of work is the Spanish pasodoble dance, which is often played during bullfights. Works in this genre include Semper Fidelis and one featuring the piccolo in its trio section. Another work of this type is Julian Fučík's ("foo-CHEEK's") Entry of the Gladiators, which is commonly used as circus music, and Chopin wrote a funeral one of these compositions. Often written in 2/4 time, these compositions' namesake bands are heavy in brass instruments and percussion. For 10 points, name this type of work exemplified by "The Stars and Stripes Forever" by John Philip Sousa.

The Scream

One version of this painting in which its central figure is missing eyes was stolen in 2004 from a museum dedicated to this painting's artist, but was recovered two years later. One theory states that this artwork was inspired by a sighting of nacreous, or mother-of-pearl clouds, while another blames the eruption of (*) Krakatoa. For 10 points, name this painting in which an all-black clad person grabs his face and performs the title action, painted by Edvard Munch ["Moonk"].

Donatello

One wooden work by this artist shows a deeply wrinkled woman clothed in rags with her hands pressed together. This artist of the Penitent Magdalene depicted two putti on the base of a sculpture in the Piazza del Santo in Padua. That sculpture depicts an equestrian(*) Erasmo de Narni. This artist's most famous work depicts a man wearing just a helmet and boots leaning on his sword and standing on the head of his slain enemy. For 10 points, name this Italian Renaissance sculptor of Gattamelata ["Gat-ah-me-lat-ah"] and a bronze David.

Sistine Chapel

One work by Botticelli in this structure features a silhouette of the prelate who commissioned the work as wellas Aaron swinging a thurible and Moses waving a wand. Another painting in this structure which containsPunishment of the Rebels features an "ideal city" in the background while Christ executes the title action inPerugino's Delivery of the Keys. Another fresco in this structure features the artist's self-portrait as the flayed skin ofSt. Bartholomew, and that artist also depicted God in the form of an anatomically correct brain, nearly touchinghands with Adam. For 10 points, name this Papal Chapel in the Vatican with a Last Judgment and ceiling painted byMichelangelo.

Jean-Louis André Théodore Géricault

One work by this artist depicts four figures restraining a wild horse, pulling on its mane and tail. This artist depicted four horses with their hooves off the ground in a painting of an 1821 Derby. A collection of ten paintings on psychiatric patients by this artist includes a (*) kleptomaniac and a gambling addict. He painted a Napoleonic soldier carrying a sword on a bucking white horse in The Charging Chasseur, and another of his works includes a survivor of a shipwreck waving a red cloth off the coast of Mauritania. For 10 points, name this pioneer of the Romantic Movement, known for The Raft of the Medusa.

Banksy

One work by this artist parodies Rodin's The Thinker with a traffic cone dunce cap and is called The Drinker. Another work by this artist depicts two children playing catch with a "No Ball Games" sign, while another entitled Slave Labour depicts a boy crouched at a sewing machine making British flags. A mural by this man shows John Travolta and Samuel L. Jackson's characters from Pulp Fiction with their guns replaced by (*) bananas. This artist's Girl with Red Balloon first appeared on a wall in the South Bank of London. For 10 points, name this anonymous British graffiti artist.

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

One work by this artist portrays a nude woman pricking her toe on a globe while a curtain is drawn off her body.This creator of Truth Unveiled by Time was patroned by Scipione Borghese, for whom this sculptor crafted onedepiction of a woman pushing away a bearded man with a three headed dog at his heels. This sculptor of The Rapeof Proserpina designed a fountain depicting the four namesake waterways, and Cardinal Cornaro commissioned himto create a work featuring an angel thrusting a golden arrow into the breast of the title Spanish mystic. For 10 points,name this Italian Baroque sculptor of The Fountain of the Four Rivers and The Ecstasy of St. Theresa.

Diego Rivera

One work by this artist shows men weighing down a very large tree while others try to cut it down. In addition to Crossing the Barranca, another one of his pieces shows workers working at Ford's River Rouge Plant. Another work by this artist depicts a crowd celebrating the title holiday with a mariachi band. Along with (*) Detroit Industry and The Day of the Dead, his most famous work was removed from Rockefeller Center and depicts a "controller of the universe." For 10 points, name this Mexican muralist who painted Man at the Crossroads.

Robert Schumann

One work by this composer concludes with the traditional "Grandfather's Dance" in a movement about KingDavid's march against the Philistines. This composer of Carnaval wrote "Of Foreign Lands and Peoples" anddepicted dreaming in "Träumerei" from his piano suite Scenes from Childhood. This composer wrote a symphonywith the movements "Evening" and "Merry Playmates." Another of this composer's symphonies includesmovements played "Lebhaft" and a fourth movement inspired by the composer's visit to the Cologne Cathedral onthe title river. For 10 points, name this German composer of the "Spring" and "Rhenish" symphonies.

Aaron Copland Tiebreaker

One work by this composer includes a song with the lyrics "Come join us in singing the praises of Zion" and another song with the lyrics "My cat goes fiddle EYE FEE." That work is this composer's Old American Songs. Another piece by this composer begins with a movement titled "(*) Buckaroo Holiday"; that piece is a ballet called Rodeo [ROAD-Ay-Oh]. Martha Graham commissioned this composer to write another ballet that includes the Shaker hymn "Simple Gifts." For 10 points, name this composer of Fanfare for the Common Man and Appalachian Spring.

Franz Schubert

One work by this composer opens with rapid G triplets that represent a horse's gallop. Six piano pieces by this man are named Moments Musicaux [Mu-si-coh], and two song cycles written by this man are based on the poetry of Wilhelm Muller. One symphony by this man includes the movements "Philosopher's Scherzo" and "March of Destiny" and was originally written as (*) incidental music to Rosamunde. This man's Piano Quintet in A Major was named Die Forelle, and is more commonly known as the Trout Quintet. For 10 points, name this German composer of Der Erlkonig in addition to an "Unfinished" 8th symphony.

Leonard Bernstein

One work by this composer sees Gabey pursue "Miss Turnstiles" along with Ozzie and Chip. Another work by this composer starts with a guitar-playing Celebrant singing "A Simple Song." This composer of On the Town and MASS wrote the songs "Glitter and Be Gay" and "Make Our Garden Grow" for his operetta(*) Candide, and hosted a popular series of "Young People's Concerts" as conductor of the New York Philharmonic. This composer wrote a musical which includes the songs "A Boy Like That" and "I Feel Pretty." For 10 points, name this American conductor and composer of West Side Story.

Franz Schubert

One work by this composer sees the piano imitate the sounds of a creaking weathervane and the call of a posthorn in a cycle set to 24 poems by Wilhelm Müller. A slow opening section in D minor represents the theme of death in this composer's Death and the Maiden, while this composer wrote two symphonies in C major nicknamed "The Little" and "The Great." This composer of Winterreise notably wrote music to accompany a poem in which a young boy riding with his father on horseback is killed by The Erlking. For 10 points, name this Austrian composer of the Trout Quintet and an unfinished Eighth Symphony.

Alfred Stieglitz

One work by this man depicts Frank Eugene's niece emerging from the waters of Lake George, and was taken two years after another work showing that same niece, Ellen Morton, at Silver Bay. This man captured a horse carriage travelling through the (*) snow in his photograph "Winter - Fifth Avenue." The most famous photograph by this husband of Georgia O'Keefe and leader of the Photo-Secessionists depicts various men and women in the lower-class section of a transatlantic boat travelling from New York to Germany. For 10 points, name this American who took the photograph "The Steerage."

Edward William Elgar

One work by this man was written for string quartet and string orchestra, and was inspired by folk tunes heard ona trip to Wales. This composer took the title of one of his works from a line in Othello, and that work used a themecomposed by this man for the coronation of Edward VII. This man, who composed an Introduction and Allegro, saidthat he hinted at the theme of the second movement of Beethoven's Pathétique piano sonata in another work, in amovement subtitled "Nimrod." For 10 points, name this English composer of the Enigma Variations and the Pompand Circumstance marches, which are commonly played at graduations.

Pietà

One work by this name was famously vandalized by Laszlo Toth with a geologist's hammer, while historians theorize that a Florentine version of this work was destroyed by its own artist because the legs of the main figures were positioned too sexually. A Röttgen version of this work depicts grapelike drops of blood oozing from the male figure's (*) side wound. Titian's last work bears this name and depicts the main figures accompanied by Nicodemus and Mary Magdalene. For 10 points, Michelangelo notably created a piece with what name that depicts Jesus' body lying across Mary's lap?

Spain (accept España until mentioned)

One work for piano from this country contains four books and opens with an Evocation, and another contains a Conversation at the Window. A composer from this country wrote a ballet with a movement beginning with a low E-F trill in the strings that fluctuates as dancers circle a (*) campfire. Liszt incorporated the La Folia theme in his rhapsody depicting this country, and it was the home of the composer of Love, the Magician. Rimsky-Korsakov included an Alborado and Fandango in his Capriccio titled for this country. For 10 points, name this home of Manuel de Falla, a country portrayed by Emmanuel Chabrier's España.

Andy Warhol

One work in a cycle by this artist has "The Big C" written in the center and shows a blue motorcycle on the left. This artist of a Last Supper series left the right sides blank in a group of works showing vehicle accidents, such as Silver Car Crash. This artist of the Death and Disaster series roped the Velvet Underground into his Exploding Plastic Inevitable events. He used silkscreening in his Pittsburgh studio, The Factory, to make prints of Mao and Jackie Kennedy. For 10 points, name this pop artist of the Marilyn Diptych who depicted many Campbell's Soup cans.

stained glass windows (prompt on "glass"; prompt on "windows")

One work in this medium in Indianapolis shows the Archangel Michael holding a horn and raising his right hand. Angel of the Resurrection is a work in this form used in several war memorials by Christopher Whall. During the medieval era, a uniquely (*) blue type of this medium was created in Chartres, and Art Nouveau examples were prominently made by Louis Comfort Tiffany. Color can be added to these works by infusing gold or manganese salts into the "soda-lime" variety of its main constituent, which is usually clear. For 10 points, name this type of artwork often seen in the windows of churches and cathedrals.

Sonata

One work of this type takes its name come from the German word for piano and starts with a series of chords in B Flat Major and later in D Major. Another work of this type was known as "Appassionata." Lebewohl were the words to the first three chords in one type of this work that was written for the fleeing of Archduke (*) Randolph. Along with "Les Adieux," one work of this type features an adagio sostenuto first movement where the right hand plays triplets and was nicknamed "Quasi una Fantasia." For 10 points, name this type of work which includes a "Moonlight" variety written by Beethoven.

El Greco

One work this artist painted near the end of his first period is still used as an object of veneration in Syros. That work, inspired partially by Eastern Orthodox iconography, is the Dormition of the Virgin. One of this man's paintings, which was known as Profane Love until 1908, depicts a man in a bright blue robe in the foreground as a part of a scene from the Book of Revelation. That painting is the (*) Opening of the Fifth Seal. The priest Andrés Núñez ("NOON-yez") is shown reading on the far right in one of his most famous works. This practitioner of Mannerism is famous for his View of Toledo. For 10 points, name this Cretan painter of The Burial of the Count of Orgaz.

Paris, France

One work titled for this city begins with forte D's that suddenly rush up a D-major scale. A composer from this city wrote the rondo "The Savages" and wrote an influential "Treatise on Harmony." Works nicknamed after this city include Mozart's 31st symphony and Haydn's set of six symphonies including ones titled "Bear" and "Hen" that preceded his (*) London symphonies. This city was later the home of a composer who wrote a third symphony in C minor featuring a pipe organ as well as a composer who wrote three Gymnopédies for piano. For ten points, identify this home of composers Jean-Philippe Rameau, Camille Saint-Saëns, and Erik Satie.

Theft of the Mona Lisa

Orens' cartoon depicting this event shows features a man with wings on his ankles and a question mark for a head. A stamp on the back of the target of this event allowed Alfredo Geri to make an identification. Gery Pieret, Guillaume Apollinaire's former secretary, implicated his boss in this event after confessing to a similar act, and that implication led police to also question(*) Picasso. The perpetrator of this event, Vincenzo Peruggia, used his smock to hide the target's enigmatic smile. For 10 points, name this 1911 event concerning a famous artwork by Leonardo Da Vinci.

René François Ghislain Magritte

Oversized depictions of a hair comb, a brush, and a glass chalice are placed in a household setting in this artist's work Personal Values. This man created a series of works that show an easel merging into the landscape behind it, and in another work, three identical men peer over a windowsill while another looks inside a gramophone. This painter of The Human Condition and The Menaced Assassin included a clock reading 12:43 above a (*) fireplace with a black train emerging from it in one work and depicted a large green apple in front of a man in a bowler hat in another. For ten points, name this Belgian surrealist artist of Time Transfixed and Son of Man.

Francisco de Goya

Owls and bats symbolize folly and ignorance, respectively, in a work by this artist, in which a sleeping man is bent over a drawing table. That work is called The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters and is part of a series of aquatints and etchings called (*) Los Caprichos. Another series of prints by this artist is titled The Disasters of War and depicts conflicts between France and his homeland of Spain. This artist painted directly onto the walls of his house in a group of works dubbed the Black Paintings, which include Saturn Devouring His Son. For 10 points, identify this artist of The Third of May, 1808.

Johannes Brahms

Pablo de Sarasate refused to perform a concerto this man composed. Performers of that concerto typically include a cadenza composed by that work's dedicatee, Joseph Joachim. This composer of a D minor violin concerto wrote a funeral mass that used the text of the Luther Bible, and he used the drinking song "Gaudeamus igitur" in a work written to thank the University of Breslau for an honorary degree. This composer's first symphony was nicknamed "Beethoven's Tenth." For 10 points, name this composer of the German Requiem, Academic Festival Overture, and a namesake lullaby.

skulls

Paul Cézanne created a still life depicting a stacked pyramid of these non-fruit objects. One of these objects liesin the bottom left, beneath a horse's head, in Albrecht Dürer's engraving Knight, Death, and the Devil. One paintingby Caravaggio depicts a saint looking down with his arm outstretched towards one of these objects in Saint JeromeWriting. Another painting portrays Jean de Dinteville and Georges de Selve above an anamorphic one of theseobjects that stretches across a tiled floor. That painting is Hans Holbein the Younger's The Ambassadors. GeorgiaO'Keeffe painted, for 10 points, what white objects that encase the brains of humans and animals?

Drums

Paul Motian played this instrument on the album Saturday at the Village Vanguard. The song "Unsquare Dance" is notable for Joe Morello's restricted use of this instrument. A player of this instrument co-headed a quintet with Clifford Brown, and his playing on that instrument opens the track "Cherokee." Another player of this instrument recorded the album Moanin, along with his(*) Jazz Messengers. Most of the solo for this instrument was cut from the LP version for the 45 RPM single of Take Five. This instrument was played by Max Roach and Art Blakey. For 10 points, name this instrument that may be played with brushes or sticks.

World War II

Paul Nash's painting Totes Meer depicts this war. In a painting set during it, a man wearing a blue-collared shirt protests a new school. Elizabeth Shoumatoff made the Unfinished Portrait watercolor of a politician during this war. Courbet's The Stone Breakers was destroyed during this war. A family is served a large turkey on (*) Thanksgiving in an entry from a series of four paintings made during this war. An American artist during this conflict drew a factory worker holding a gun on her lap for the Saturday Evening Post. For 10 points, name this war during which Norman Rockwell made propagandist images like Rosie the Riveter.

The Blue Rider

Photographs were used to help restore a painting from this art movement which depicts animals in agony in a forest fire. This movement's founder outlined his theory of how color can express the soul in the essay "On the Spiritual in Art." The painting for which this movement was named is a blurry depiction of a field with an forest at top right, though later artists said the name derived from a common subject of (*) Franz Marc. This movement's founder created abstract paintings called "Compositions" and was an immigrant to Germany from Russia. For 10 points, name this art movement founded by Wassily Kandinsky named for a brightly colored man on a horse.

oboe

Poulenc's last piece was a sonata for this instrument, for which Britten wrote a suite with the movements "Pan"and "Narcissus," Six Metamorphoses after Ovid. A variant of this instrument represents a child in Richard Strauss'sSymphonia Domestica and is the d'amore version. This instrument plays the first theme of the orchestrated versionof Le Tombeau de Couperin. This instrument represents the quail in Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony. Thisinstrument is accompanied by harp in the main theme of Swan Lake, and orchestras tune to this instrument. For 10points, name this double reed woodwind instrument that represents the duck in Peter and the Wolf.

Sydney Opera House

Regarding this structure, the architect Louis Kahn once remarked, "The sun did not know how beautiful its light was until it was reflected off this building." Inspired by the subtle grain of Japanese ceramics, the designer of this building hired Höganäs to create similar clay tiles to match both his vision and his (*) "Spherical Solution" for the roof of this building. The architect Peter Hall made changes to the interior design of the auditorium seating in this building, to fit legal requirements. Jørn Utzon designed, for 10 points, what building with white, sail-like, interlocking arches, located in Australia?

French horn (accept F horn, prompt on "horn")

Reinhold Glière wrote his Opus 91 as a B-flat major concerto for this instrument. Aubrey and Dennis Brain each played this instrument which enters intentionally early in the first movement of Beethoven's Symphony No. 3. Inspired by Joseph Leutgeb, Mozart wrote three E flat major concertos for this instrument, and three of this instrument represent the (*) Wolf in Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf. Giovanni Punto pioneered hand-stopping for this instrument, which allows a player to dramatically lower this instrument's pitch. For ten points, name this coiled brass instrument which takes its name in English from a certain European country.

Los Angeles

Richard Neutra designed the Jardinette Apartments and Lovell house located in this city. Greene & Greene designed the Gamble House in its outskirts, and Thom Mayne won the Pritzker prize for his design of a department of transportation headquarters in this city. A tram takes you to a large campus overlooking this city whose (*) Central Garden was designed by Robert Irwin. The buildings on that campus consist mainly of white blocks, in accordance to the style of its architect Richard Meier. The Getty Center is located in, for 10 points, what city that also contains Frank Gehry's Walt Disney Concert Hall?

George Gershwin

Ross Gorman is famous for his trombone-like 17-note opening of a piece by this composer that incorporates stride piano techniques in its bouncy "agitato e misterioso" transition section. A symphonic poem by this composer uses clarinet and saxophone melodies to represent the homesickness of its title character. A train ride inspired this composer to write a piece that its commissioner, (*) bandleader Paul Whiteman, called a "jazz concerto." This composer of An American in Paris opened another piece with a long solo clarinet glissando. For 10 points, name this American composer of Rhapsody in Blue.

John Singleton Copley

his man painted the victorious General Eliott on horseback commanding the rescue of Spanish sailors. This artistof The Defeat of the Floating Batteries at Gibraltar painted a pink-collared subject seated at a table with a waterglass. That painting portrays his half-brother Henry Pelham holding a gold chain attached to the title animal, Boywith a Squirrel. The subject of another painting by this artist wears a green vest and holds a silver teapot. A differentwork by this man is set in Havana harbor and depicts two men on a boat while a boy in the water struggles to evadethe title predator. For 10 points, name this portraitist of Paul Revere who created Watson and the Shark.

Crucifixion of Jesus Christ

Saint Sebastian and Saint Anthony stand on either side of the central scene while a baby goat looks up in a depiction of this event within the Isenheim Altarpiece. A painting by Raphael of this scene gives facial features to the moon, but not the sun, and shows angels flying next to a post with the letters "I-N-R-I", and that work is titled for Ludwig Mond. In another painting of this event, that Dali painted in his (*) Corpus Hypercubus, a Lithuanian flag flies behind a burning synagogue and a menorah lies at the feet of the central figure. For ten points, name this event Marc Chagall painted "White" which shows Jesus on the cross.

The Arnolfini Portrait

Scholars have theorized that the artist of this work included himself in it from a red headdress that is also prevalent in several other of his works. Hidden in this work are several scenes depicting the Passion of Christ, as well as a cherry tree that can be seen through a window. The background of this painting features a chain of prayer-beads and a broom that represents chastity. The artist's signature is located above a convex mirror that reflects the backs of the central figures of this painting. It features a man in a fur-trimmed hat and coat raising his hand in oath, as well as a green-clad woman who appears pregnant. For 10 points, name this double portrait by Jan van Eyck.

four

Schumann's symphony of this number was actually written second, but withheld and later reorchestrated. A symphony with this number ends with a "saltarello," and was actually written before the "Reformation" symphony, despite having this number. Brahms's symphony of this number ends with a Bach-derived passacaglia and is in (*) E minor. This is the number of Mendelssohn's A-major "Italian" symphony. Schumann and Brahms wrote this many symphonies. This is the standard number of movements in a symphony, and there are this many quarter notes in a measure of common time. For 10 points, how many strings does a violin have?

the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ

Sergei Eisenstein's Battleship Potemkin inspired two Francis Bacon depictions of this event, including his Three Studies for Figures at the Base of this event. Marc Chagall added a swastika and the words "Ich bin jude" to his "White" version of this event which shows the central figure wearing a (*) Jewish prayer shawl. The net of a hypercube replaces the central object in a Salvador Dali painting of this scene. For 10 points, name this event whose depictions are usually accompanied by the acronym "INRI" and show the death of Jesus Christ.

Sergei Rachmaninoff

Several works by this composer end with a quarter note, two eighth notes, and another quarter note, considered this composer's musical signature. Eight bell-like chords open one of this composer's piano concertos, while the possibly inebriated conducting of Alexander Glazunov contributed to a disastrous premiere of his first (*) symphony. This composer was inspired by an Arthur Bocklin painting when composing Isle of the Dead, and he composed 24 variations on a caprice by another composer. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini, who was also a pianist known for his very large hands.

clown

Shortly before fending off a suitor with a whip, a character with this profession describes being "freely thrown into flight" away from an abusive spouse in the aria "Stridono lassu". Another character of this profession sings "Bella figlia d'amore" in a vocal quartet as a promiscuous duke tries to seduce an assassin's sister. After a man of this profession named (*) Canio finds out about his wife's infidelity, he sings about "laughing at your broken love" in the aria "Vesti la giubba". Leoncavallo achieved fame with a verismo opera about this profession. Pagliacci features, for 10 points, what profession held by Verdi's hunchbacked Rigoletto, whose job is to entertain the Duke?

fugue

Shostakovich's eighth string quartet contains one of these types of works in its opening Largo movement, and the piccolo begins one of these at the end of a larger work including "variations and [this type of work]" based on a theme of Purcell by Benjamin Britten. This type of work is paired with preludes in (*) The Well-Tempered Clavier. A notably eerie piece in D minor pairs one of these works with a toccata, and was written by J.S. Bach, who also wrote a work named "The Art of" it. For 10 points, name this type of work that makes use of counterpoint and is often contrasted with the canon.

René (François Ghislain) Magritte

Signaling this artist's idolization of Edgar Allen Poe, a copy of The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym appears in a work by this artist where a man stares at the back of his own head in a mirror. In a painting by this artist, a man listens to a phonograph as (*) two men wait with weapons outside the room. This creator of Not to be Reproduced and The Menaced Assassin depicted a train coming out of a fireplace in Time Transfixed, and he hid a man's face behind a floating apple in his The Son of Man. For 10 points, name this Belgian Surrealist who inscribed on his The Treachery of Images the phrase "this is not a pipe".

summertime

Six poems by Theophile Gautier inspired a song cycle titled for this period of time by Hector Berlioz. A piece composed by Samuel Barber about one of these periods in 1915 depicts James Agee growing up in Knoxville. An aria about this time period includes the lyrics "fish are jumping" and the (*) "cotton is high"; that aria appears in the opera Porgy and Bess. A thunderstorm and buzzing insects are depicted in a concerto titled for this time, which is the second concerto of Antonio Vivaldi's Four Seasons. For 10 points, name this season that follows spring.

waltzes

Sleigh bells are included in the percussion section of a work of this type by Émile Waldteufel. A moderato zither solo is preceded by a flute cadenza in one of these works set in the forest, and Ravel wrote a suite of "noble" and "sentimental" works of this type. "The Dance in the Village Inn" is the first of a series of these works named after (*) Mephisto. A dog chasing its tail inspired a Chopin work of this type nicknamed "Minute." For 10 points, name these musical works in three-four time that include Tales from the Vienna Woods and The Blue Danube, which were composed by the "King" of them, Johann Strauss II.

restaurants (or diners; or cafés; accept any synonym referring to places where one can buy a meal, but do not accept or prompt on "bar")

Still lifes of objects in these places are a favorite subject of photorealist Ralph Goings. A police officer peers at a runaway boy next to him in one of these places in a Norman Rockwell work, and several red and brown murals were made by Mark Rothko to hang in one of these establishments in the (*) Seagram Building. The painting Chop Suey shows two women in one of these places, and in another work, a man in a suit and fedora sits next to a woman in a red dress in one of these places, above which sits a sign for Phillies cigars. For 10 points, name these establishments, a late night example of which serve as the setting of Edward Hopper's Nighthawks.

black

Streaks of turquoise, light blue and this color illustrate one Jackson Pollock work inspired by The Tempest. A series of paintings named for this color includes Men Reading and Women Laughing. In one work, curtains of this color line the window of a house behind a pitchfork-wielding dentist. The central figure of The (*) Bar at the Folies-Bergère wears a dress of this color, which is also the color of the top hat reflected in the mirror. One work titled Arrangement in Grey and this color is a portrait of the mother of the artist, James McNeill Whistler. For 10 points, name this color that names a collection of paintings by Francisco de Goya, often used as a metaphor for death.

Ansel Easton Adams

Subjects of one series of works by this man include girls playing volleyball and a young woman twirling a baton. Another one of his works features two darkly dressed figures in wide-brimmed hats against a cloudy sky. Those two figures are Orville Cox and artist Georgia O'Keeffe. This artist, who created many works featuring the Manzanar internment camp and its Japanese-American inhabitants, developed a Zone System that ranked shades of grey from 0 to 10. His most famous works include Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico and Moon and Half Dome. For 10 points, name this photographer who frequently depicted natural structures in Yosemite National Park.

violoncello

Tchaikovsky's Variations on a Rococo Theme is written for this instrument and orchestra. With the pianist Martha Argerich, Mischa Maisky recorded the five sonatas for this instrument by Beethoven. It is the smaller of two instruments that uses a technique called thumb position. An E minor concerto for this instrument by (*) Edward Elgar was authoritatively recorded by Jacqueline du Pre, while other performers include Mstislav ["MIST-ih-slav"] Rostropovich and Pablo Casals. A G major prelude for this instrument comes from six suites for this instrument by J. S. Bach. For 10 points, name this stringed instrument played by Yo-Yo Ma.

Ralph Vaughan Williams

The "Epilogue" section of this composer's sixth symphony is marked senza espressivo and is played entirely pianissimo. This man wrote a choral Serenade to Music based on a scene from Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice. A Robert Louis Stevenson poem led this composer to include "Whither Must I Wander" in his (*) Songs of Travel. One symphony by this composer uses a wind machine to imitate the environment of the title location. This composer of A Sea Symphony was inspired by the writer of Spem in alium to compose his Fantasia on a Theme by Thomas Tallis. For 10 points, name this English composer of Sinfonia Antartica and The Lark Ascending.

Miles Davis

The A-side of an album by this man consists of the song "Shhh/Peaceful." That Teo Macero-produced album marked the beginning of this man's "electric" period. In addition to In a Silent Way, this man also collaborated with guitarist John McLaughlin on four other albums during his later(*) fusion period. This man completed an album of arrangements from a Gershwin opera with Gil Evans, and his second quintet included Wayne Shorter and Herbie Hancock. Joaquin Rodrigo inspired this performer's Sketches of Spain. For 10 points, name this jazz trumpeter, who included the tracks "So What" and "Freddie Freeloader" on his album Kind of Blue.

vases

The Athenian Exekias is best-known for his decorations of these objects. A Chinese variety of these objects is named for plums, thus the name meiping. These were the most iconic objects produced from Longquan ["long-CHWEN"] celadon. The Wedgwood firm made several copies of one of these objects named for the Duke of Portland. Large varieties of them include the pithos and the hydria. An artificial mound in Rome was made from the remains of these objects. In ancient Greece, these objects were painted in (*) "red-figure" and "black-figure" styles. Types of them include the amphora. For 10 points, name these tall, open vessels that often hold flowers.

white

The Ditchley Portrait shows Queen Elizabeth I wearing a dress of this color. In an iconic work from the Russian Suprematist movement, Kazimir Malevich created a work titled for [this color] on [this color], and in his most famous work he depicted a black square within a square of this color. A cat of this color lies below the central scene in Gustave Courbet's The Painter's Studio, and a portrait of Joanna Hiffernan standing on a wolf fur by James Whistler is titled (*) Symphony in [this color]. A servant dressed in this color stands behind a bed with sheets of this color, which the title figure lies on in Edouard Manet's Olympia. For ten points, name this color often paired with black in old photography.

Messiah

The E minor overture "Sinfony" opens this work. Part Two of this work starts in G minor before suddenly dropping an octave and later shifts to 3/4 time on the line "Thou art gone up on high." Charles Jennens wrote the libretto for this piece and King (*) George II supposedly rose from his seat during one performance of it. The most famous aspect of this work includes the line "he shall reign for ever and ever" and is performed in D major with angelic trumpets and timpani. For ten points, name this oratorio by George Frederic Handel which includes the "Hallelujah" chorus.

Rembrandt (or Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn)

The Kaplans own the largest private collection of this man's work in the world, named for this man's hometown of Leiden. Some of this man's self-portraits include one with a beret and turned-up collar, and many with his wife (*) Saskia. This man's The Storm on the Sea of Galilee was stolen from the Gardner Museum in 1990, and the best known of this man's works are at the Rijksmuseum ["RIKES-museum"], including one showing a girl holding a chicken and some drummers. For 10 points, name this man who painted The Militia Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq, popularly known as The Night Watch.

Don Giovanni

The Peter Sellars staging of this opera depicts the main character as a drug dealer in the South Bronx. The duet "La cì darem mano," or "There we will give our hands" is sung in this opera between the main character and Zerlina, though they are interrupted by the angry Donna Elvira. (*) The servant Leporello sings the Catalogue Aria in this opera, describing a man who had earlier murdered the Commendatore after trying to seduce Donna Anna. A stone statue ultimately drags the title character of this opera to hell. For 10 points, name this opera by Mozart about a villainous seducer of women.

The Four Seasons

The Piano Guys recently mashed-up one allegro portion of this collection with "Let it Go." This collection was originally part of "The Contest between Harmony and Invention." It's not the Pastoral Symphony, but the composer of this collection included such performance directions as "The drunkards have fallen asleep" and (*) "The barking dog." This collection was inspired by a series of sonnets by its composer, the last of which ends "This is winter, which nonetheless brings its own delights." For 10 points, name this collection by Antonio Vivaldi beginning with "La Primavera".

Giuseppe Verdi

The Spanish drama Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino served as the basis for this composer's opera "The Force of Destiny." One of this man's operas contains a chorus calling thought to fly "on wings of gold" and is titled in Italian as "Va, pensiero." This composer's (*) "Chorus of the Hebrew Slaves" appears in his opera Nabucco, and in another opera by this man the title character exclaims "La maledizione!" after hearing another character whistle an aria about "fickle women." The Duke of Mantua sings "La Donna e Mobile" in an opera by this composer whose title character fears a curse. For 10 points, name this Italian who penned an opera about a jester in Rigoletto.

Basílica i Temple Expiatori de la Sagrada Familia

The Tree of Life is located on the Charity Portico on this structure, where turtles and tortoises are located at the bases of some columns. Josep Maria Subirachs oversaw the sculpture of this structure's Passion Façade, and this structure's construction was directed by Domènec Sugrañes after the (*) death of the original architect. The eighteen spires for this structure are meant to represent holy figures from the Bible, although several have yet to be constructed. For 10 points, name this Barcelona church slated for completion in 2026, originally designed by Antoni Gaudí.

requiems (prompt on any of "masses" or "masses for the dead" or "Officium Defunctorum" before end of question)

The Vichy government commissioned a work of this type from Maurice Duruflé. Tomás Luis de Victoria's most famous work is often called one of these compositions, though it includes additional sections such as the Libera me. That section was included along with an unusual excerpting of the Pie Jesu ["pee-ay yay-zu"] in (*) Gabriel Fauré's work of this kind. Johannes Brahms adapted text from the Luther Bible for a German one of these works, and a famous Lacrimosa was included in one of these works. Franz Sussmayer completed Mozart's unfinished work in this genre. For 10 points, name these choral works commemorating the dead.

saxophone

The album Body and Soul featured one player of this instrument, Coleman Hawkins. "Cannonball" Adderley andanother performer of this instrument were featured by Miles Davis on Kind of Blue. An album by a player of thisinstrument contains the piece "St. Thomas" and is titled this instrument's "Colossus." This instrument played bySonny Rollins is the central instrument of the "Yardbird Suite." Another performer of this instrument had adistinctive style described as "sheets of sound" and played the tenor variety of this instrument on the album A LoveSupreme. For 10 points, name this jazz instrument played by Charlie "Bird" Parker and Johnny Coltrane.

requiem mass

The allegro agitato section of one of these pieces begins with sharp G-chord quarter notes on beats 1 and 3 for two measures. Krzysztof Penderecki's [chris-TOFF pend-er-ESS-key's] work in this form was written to honor the Solidarity Party. In his composition in this form, Gabriel Fauré [fow-RAY] wrote a soprano solo for the (*) "Pie Jesu" [pe-AY JAY-soo] section. Johannes Brahms used the Lutheran Bible for the text of his "German" work in this form. The "Dies Irae" [DEE-uhs EE-ray] theme is the most-excerpted section from Verdi's work in this form. Mozart's work in this genre was finished by Franz Sussmayr. For 10 points, name this Catholic mass for the dead.

sharks (prompt on "fish")

The anonymous Untitled 1986 is a sculpture of one of these animals bursting through the roof of an English house. Damien Hirst's The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living consists of a tank of formaldehyde containing one of these animals. One painting of these animals includes stalks of sugar cane and a shirtless black man in a boat, while another shows sailors about to (*) harpoon one in Havana harbor. For 10 points, name these animals who feature in Winslow Homer's The Gulf Stream and with "Watson" in a painting by John Singleton Copley.

Renzo Piano

The architecture of Kanak huts inspired this man's design of a cultural center in New Caledonia, and he designed the Modern Wing of the Art Institute of Chicago. This architect designed an airport terminal with an airfoil-shaped roof which sits on an artificial island in (*) Osaka Bay. One of this man's buildings derives its name from criticism about it piercing"the heart of historic London," and he collaborated with Richard Rodgers on a modern art museum in Paris whose façade features an array of exposed multicolored pipes. For 10 points, name this Italian architect of the Shard and the Pompidou Centre.

The Arnolfini Wedding

The artist of this painting also depicted the male subject on the left wearing a red turban in a portrait. Erwin Panofsky argued that a signature noting the artist "was here" found at the back of this painting inscribed above a mirror is evidence that it was a legal document. Historians frequently argue about the manner in which two (*) hands are joined at the center of this painting, with the man's under the woman's. The woman at the right of this painting, who looks but isn't actually pregnant, has her hand on her belly in an oversized green gown. For 10 points, name this Jan van Eyck painting of an Italian merchant and his wife.

The Gates of Hell

The artist of this work decided to scrap multiple sculpts of Adam and Eve from it because his reference model for Eve was pregnant. The Falling Man holds The Crouching Woman in order to create one section of this work titled I am Beautiful. On the left side of this sculpture, (*) Paolo reaches for Francesca. The plaster version of this sculpture now resides in the Musee d'Orsay. The Three Shades sit directly above The Thinker in this work. For 10 points, name this sculpture by Auguste Rodin that depicts a scene from the Inferno.

The Night Watch

The artist painted himself in this work with a beret peeking over a helmeted man. A shield in this work with 18 names does not include a musician who appears on the painting's right side. In this work, a man with a top hat holds an extremely long (*) rifle that extends into a hole above a yellow-and-blue flag. An illuminated child holding a drinking horn and a dead chicken on a belt in this work is dressed in all gold. In this painting, the lieutenant Willem van Ruytenburch ("RYE-ten-birch") stands beside a man in a red sash, who is the leader of a company. For 10 points, name this 1642 painting of a group of soldiers led by Frans Banning Cocq, a work by Rembrandt van Rijn.

Las Meninas (or The Maids of Honor)

The background of this painting depicts Minerva Punishing Arachne and Apollo's Victory over Marsyas hanging from the wall, both by Peter Paul Rubens. The vanishing point of this painting is the hand of a man standing on a staircase in a (*) doorway at the right rear of the work. The artist of this work appears in it wearing a breastplate with a red cross and working at an easel. A mirror in the background of this painting reflects the royals who commissioned it, while in the foreground, two servants and a dwarf flank the Infanta Margarita. For 10 points, name this depiction of the Spanish court, the most famous work of Diego Velázquez.

Swan

The bassoons imitate the roasting of this animal in the twelfth section of Carmina Burana. An unsuccessful composition called The Building of the Boat was used to create a piece named for this animal, in which this animal is represented by an English horn. This animal is the namesake of a (*) ballet in which the dance of the goblets is performed by Prince Siegfried as he aims a crossbow. For 10 points, Odette is transformed into what title animal in a Tchaikovsky ballet?

Las Meninas

The beginning of Michel Foucault's The Order of Things discusses two monarchs in this painting whose presence is only confirmed by the reflection of a mirror at the back. A large red cross is emblazoned on the chest of the man standing next to the giant easel on the left of this painting, who happens to be the (*) artist himself. A dog and a dwarf are part of the entourage of this painting's central figure, who is being attended to by her maids of honor. For 10 points, name this painting of the Infanta Margarita by Diego Velázquez.

operas

The birth of this genre is often tied to the discussions of the "Florentine Camerata." In the 18th century, several innovative works in this genre were co-written with Ranieri de' Calzabigi. This genre developed along with monody and the use of basso continuo around 1600. Many early works in this genre were titled for (*) Orpheus, including a "reform" work by Christoph Willibald Gluck and a pioneering work by Claudio Monteverdi. This genre was made possible by the speech-like style of recitatives, which are contrasted with arias. For 10 points, name this genre of classical musical theater that often features divas.

train stations (or train terminals; accept answers that substitute railway or railroad for train; accept subway stations since a bunch of buildings clued in the question are also those; prompt on answers that do not mention the word train or rail)

The ceiling of one of these buildings includes a small hole to commemorate the time a ballistic missile was displayed inside. A red second hand with a circular tip is used in a notable clock design from Swiss examples of these places. One of these buildings displays incorrectly oriented (*) constellations on the ceiling above its Main Concourse, and The Invention of Hugo Cabret depicts George Méliès living and working in one of these places in his later life. Before it was an impressionist art museum, the Musée d'Orsay was this type of building. For 10 points, name these buildings which include Grand Central in New York City.

Italy

The complaint of a musician from this country that he had nothing to play on his new viola inspired another composer to create a piece named for this country that was inspired by a Lord Byron poem. A musician from here dazzled audiences with his ability to play left and right handed pizzicato, as well as nearly three octaves on four strings. Hector Berlioz's second symphony, titled (*) Harold in this country, was written at the encouragement of a musician from here who composed twenty-four difficult caprices for violin. For 10 points, name this country home to Niccolò Paganini and the most common language of musical notation.

1812 Overture

The composer of this piece complained to his patron Nadezhda von Meck that, since he wrote it for a festival, it was without artistic merit. This piece opens with four cellos and two violins playing the Eastern Orthodox Troparion of the Holy Cross. It features a "duel" between two national anthems: "The (*) Marseillaise" and "God Save the Tsar." This piece represents the turning of an invasion at the Battle of Borodino with four triumphant cannon shots. For 10 points, name this piece by Pyotr Tchaikovsky commemorating the defeat of Napoleon in a certain year.

Ludwig van Beethoven's ninth symphony

The composer of this work used the notations ritmo di tre battute [baw-TOO-tay] and ritmo di quattro battute to shape phrasing in its second-movement scherzo [SCARE-zoh]. Like its composer's The Ruins of Athens, this symphony includes a Turkish march. A cello and bass recitative in this symphony immediately follows what Wagner [VOG-ner] dubbed the "terror fanfare," and is itself followed by a bass (*) vocal solo beginning "O friends, not these tones." Brahms' first symphony was said to follow this symphony, since Brahms' work used this work's theme on Friedrich Schiller's "Ode to Joy." For 10 points, name this "Choral" symphony, the last composed by Beethoven.

Eroica Symphony

The development of this symphony's first movement includes a "new" theme in the minor flat supertonic of E minor. Its first movement's first theme is played by the cellos, who "stall" on a strange C-sharp. The main theme of this symphony's last movement had earlier been the subject of its composer's Opus 35 variations, and was drawn from his ballet The (*) Creatures of Prometheus. A C-minor funeral march is the second movement of this E-flat-major symphony. The composer of this 1804 symphony violently scratched out its dedication to Napoleon. For 10 points, name this third symphony of Ludwig van Beethoven.

Bronze

The dome of the Dome of the Rock is currently made out of a kind of this medium. A group of over one thousand plaques in this medium were created by the Edo people in the Benin Kingdom, while a series of the "Ritual" kind of this medium were found in ancient Chinese tombs. Works made in this medium are often created in the (*) lost-wax casting process. Many Greek sculptures such as Doryphoros and Discobolus were created in this medium but the Roman copies of these were made of marble because it was cheaper. For 10 points, name this metal that is an alloy consisting mostly of copper.

masses

The earliest example of these pieces is one named for "Nostre Dame" by Guillaume Machaut. The "brevis" variety can sometimes contain only two of the five sections in a "longa" version of these pieces. The second most mensuration canons found in one of these pieces was written by Josquin Des Prez in one that uses "L'homme Arme" as a cantus firmus. The Council of Trent was meeting when one commemorating the death of (*) Pope Marcellus was written by Giovanni Palestrina. Their "ordinary" includes settings of the Agnus Dei, Sanctus, Kyrie, Gloria and the entire Nicene Creed. For 10 points, name these musical settings of the ceremony that Catholics are required to attend on Sunday.

Mozart's Requiem Mass in D minor

The ending section of this work reuses a Gregorian melody adapted in the earlier Te decet hymnus ["Tay Deck-ett Hymnus"], and also reuses the fugue from an earlier section for the Cum Sanctis Tuis. The composer of this piece interrupted work on it to complete La Clemenza di Tito. One orchestration of this work by Robert Levin scraps a two note "Amen," substituting an enormous fugue to end the(*) Lacrymosa ["Lack-ree-moe-sah"]. Franz von Walsegg was this work's commissioner, unknown to the composer. This work was completed by Franz Sussmayr, as the composer left it unfinished at his death. For 10 points, name this D minor work by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, a mass for the dead.

waltz

The fifteenth of a set of these works by Brahms begins with a C-A-flat-A-flat-C-C melody. Chopin titled one of these types of works in B-flat major for piano "Grande Brilliante," and another was written as part of a suite of incidental music to the play Kuolema. Sibelius wrote a "triste" one of them, and Ravel wrote (*) "noble and sentimental" works of this type. Chopin allegedly wrote one of these works after watching a dog chase its own tail, and despite its nickname, that work isn't actually 60 seconds long. "The Beautiful Blue Danube" exemplifies these pieces. For 10 points, give this dance in 3/4 time of which Johann Strauss, Jr., is the "King".

Las Meninas

The figure just left of center in this painting is viewed in almost perfect profile and has a butterfly-shaped pin in her hair. In the background of this painting, several paintings are too dark to see, but we can see a man in the corridor standing on two different steps and the artist's patrons in a mirror. In this painting, a kneeling girl gives the central figure a golden tray with a red glass on it, while a girl to her right (*) curtsies and looks sidelong at the viewer. At the far left of this painting is a giant canvas and the artist himself; at its far right, there is a dog, and a dwarf with his foot on it. For 10 points, name this painting depicting the retinue of the young daughter of Philip IV, by Diego Velazquez.

(Henri-Robert-)Marcel Duchamp

The final issue of a magazine called The Blind Man was devoted to discussing a work by this artist. He hung a snow shovel from a wall to create his Prelude to a Broken Arm, and he assembled 152 marble cubes in a cage in an artwork whose title, Why Not Sneeze, (*) Rose Sélavy? references one of his pseudonyms. A mustachioed version of the Mona Lisa known as L.H.O.O.Q., as well as a work labeled "R. Mutt" are examples of this man's "readymades," which include a work that was just a urinal. For 10 points, name this Dadaist behind Fountain and the abstract Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2.

Johannes Brahms

The final movement of this composer's fourth symphony is a passacaglia featuring a theme from Bach's cantata"For Thee, O Lord, I long." This composer based one piece on a csárdás ("CHAR-dash") by Béla Kéler ("BA-laKA-ler") in a set of works for piano four-hands. He concluded one work with the drinking song "Gaudeamus igitur,"written after receiving an honorary doctorate from the University of Breslau. This composer of the AcademicFestival Overture also included a libretto from the Luther Bible in a piece that commemorates the deaths of hismother and Robert Schumann. For 10 points, name this German composer of the Hungarian Dances and A GermanRequiem who composed a famous lullaby.

Turandot

The first aria of this opera's final act usually ends with a sustained B4 note, even though this opera's score does not instruct the orchestra to sustain that note. In that aria, the male protagonist proclaims "Vanish, o night! Fade, you stars!" Franco Alfano finished the composition of this opera after its composer died in 1924. This opera's title character is represented by the traditional Jasmine Flower Song. An (*) "unknown prince" declares that the title character won't know his name before dawn in this opera's aria, "Nessun Dorma". Ping, Pong, and Pang are ministers from the court of the title royalty in this opera. For 10 points, name this work in which Calaf attempts to solve riddles in order to marry the title Chinese princess, an opera in three acts by Giacomo Puccini.

Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy

The first movement of this composer's violin concerto opens with the theme B-B-B-G-E-E-B, which gave him "no peace". That E-minor movement is titled "Allegro molto appassionato". In addition to (*) Octet in E-flat major, this composer wrote a symphony for the 300th anniversary of the Lutheran Church. This composer was influenced by Bach while writing his biblical oratorios, St. Paul and Elijah. For 10 points, name this German composer of a famous Wedding March in his incidental music for A Midsummer Night's Dream.

Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich

The first movement of this man's fifth symphony concludes with the celesta playing chromatic scales. Thatsymphony, subtitled "An Artist's Creative Response to Just Criticism," was composed after an opera by thiscomposer was criticized in a Pravda article. This composer of Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District set fiveYevgeny Yevtushenko poems in a work commemorating the massacre of Ukrainian Jews. Another of thiscomposer's symphonies mourns the deaths of Soviet citizens during a German offensive and includes the "Invasion"theme. For 10 points, name this Soviet composer of the Babi Yar and Leningrad symphonies.

Sir Edward W. Elgar

The first of this composer's two symphonies is in A-flat major and is dedicated to the conductor Hans Richter. This composer repeated a four-note fragment from a melody he often whistled to his wife in the "C. A. E." section of one work which also contains sections such as "Dorabella" and (*) "Nimrod". Jacqueline du Pré set the standard for performances of his Cello Concerto in E minor. A piece by this composer that contains the tune "Land of Hope and Glory" is often played at graduations. For 10 points, name this English composer of the Enigma Variations and the Pomp and Circumstance Marches.

Pieter Bruegel the Elder

The foreground of one painting by this artist depicts a man crawling inside of a black ball and another chopping off his own leg. Another painting by this artist shows three men and their dogs returning from an unsuccessful trip, with ice skaters in the distance. This artist of Netherlandish Proverbs and(*) Hunters in the Snow depicted a farmer ignoring a young man about to drown in another painting. Auden's "Musee des Beaux-Arts" ["Muse-ay day Bose Arts"] was inspired by, for 10 points, what Flemish artist's Landscape With the Fall of Icarus?

Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 5 in C minor (need all three underlined parts until the first occurrence of the word "symphony"; need Beethoven and 5 until end, after which just 5 is okay; prompt on partial)

The fourth movement of this work marked the first appearance of a contrabassoon in a symphony. An oboe cadenza interrupts the recapitulation of this symphony's first movement, and this symphony ends triumphantly with 29 C fortissimo major chords. In this work's Allegro con brio (*) first movement, the opening rhythm is played fortissimo starting on G, then again starting on F; that beginning to this symphony was later used to represent the "V for Victory" motif and is said to represent fate knocking at the door. For 10 points, name this symphony that opens with a famous "short-short-short-long" motif, written by Ludwig van Beethoven.

Republic of India

The harmonium is a popular accompanying instrument in the north of this country. Musicians in the south of this country use a solfège-like system that begins "sa ri ga ma pa...." In this country, the violin is played with the scroll resting on one's foot. Its music is played over a tambura drone and, in the north, features the two-toned (*) tabla drums. Classical music from this country is based on metric systems called talas and scales called ragas. This country's classical music is usually divided into Carnatic and Hindustani traditions. For 10 points, name this home country of Ravi Shankar, who played the sitar.

The Persistence of Memory

The landscape in this painting's background was inspired by the Cap de Creus peninsula in Catalonia. The artist of this painting created a similar one in which the floor is entirely made out of bricks known as the (*) Disintegration of [this painting]. A "creature" which resembles a human face can be seen in the center of this painting, while ants crawl on an orange pocket watch in its bottom-left corner. For 10 points, name this Salvador Dali painting which shows three deformed clocks.

violin concerto (prompt on concerto)

The last movement of a work of this type was rejected by Iso Briselli for being too unlike the first two. One of these works quotes a Bach chorale and the B-A-C-H motif, was dedicated "to the memory of an angel," and was written by Alban Berg. A work of this type by Sibelius has the soloist emerge from quiet D minor chords from the strings and was described as a (*) "polonaise for the polar bears," and one by Brahms was written for Joseph Joachim. One of these works has the soloist enter after only six beats and is an E minor piece by Felix Mendelssohn. For 10 points, name this type of work for solo violin and orchestra.

John (William) Coltrane

The liner notes of this man's most famous album include his declaration "ALL PRAISE BE TO GOD TO WHOM ALL PRAISE IS DUE." That album by this man featured Elvin Jones, Jimmy Garrison, and McCoy Tyner, and contains the first track, (*) "Acknowledgement." He and Cannonball Adderley played the same instrument on Miles Davis' Kind of Blue, and the title track of one of his albums riffs on a melody from The Sound of Music. Ira Gitler described this man's dense improvisational style as "sheets of sound." For 10 points, name this creator of albums like My Favorite Things and A Love Supreme, an alto saxophonist.

A Raisin in the Sun

The long opening stage direction in this play mentions a light source "which fights its way through" a "little window." In this play's first act, one character exclaims "DAMN MY EGGS!" and a young boy is given fifty cents for a school activity. In this play's second act, Bobo reveals that he was unable to meet Willy Harris in Springfield. Joseph (*) Asagai is a character in this play who plans to marry Beneatha and move to Africa. This play details the struggles of the Younger family as they debate what to do with a $10,000 life insurance check. For 10 points, name this play that takes its title from a Langston Hughes poem and was written by Lorraine Hansberry.

John Towner Williams

The lyrics to one piece by this composer are sung in Sanskrit but based on a traditional Welsh hymn. Thiscomposer of Duel of the Fates wrote a prelude and variation of a Shaker hymn in the Air and Simple Gifts quartet,which was performed at the 2009 presidential inauguration. One piece by this man simply consists of the stringsrepeating two bass notes a half-step apart. This man also composed the Olympic Fanfare and Theme. He morerecently composed the score to the movie Lincoln and is the second-most nominated person for an Academy Award.For 10 points, name this American composer of film scores, such as Jaws, the Indiana Jones series, and the StarWars saga.

The Pirates of Penzance

The main character of this opera gains his indenture after his nursemaid Ruth mishears instructions to train the boy to be a pilot. That character, Frederic, falls in love with Mabel, but soon finds out that his indenture is not over at his 21st birthday because he was (*) born on a leap day. In this musical's most famous song, one character professes his knowledge in all "matters vegetable, animal, and mineral." "I am the Very Model of a Modern Major General" is sung in- for ten points- this Gilbert and Sullivan operetta about a crew of soft-hearted buccaneers.

G

The mixolydian ["mix-oh-lydian"] modal scale built on this note consists of only the white keys. Charlie Parker's Ornithology is in this note's major key. An open tuning built on this note for the guitar is made by lowering the tuning of the two lowest strings and the highest string down one whole step. Poulenc's Gloria and Schubert's Mass #2 are in this note's major key, and Mozart wrote both a "Little" and(*)"Great" symphony in this note's minor key. This note is So in the [emphasize] Fixed Do solfege system. For 10 points, name this note, the tonic of the relative minor to B-flat major, whose own major key signature consists of one sharp.

India

The national public radio service in this country has had a ban on harmonium music in some form since 1940. In this country, a solfege-like system is written S, R, G, M, P, D, N. This country's music has up to 32 modes, which are associated with certain times of day and emotions. The classical music of this country features meters called tala, that are played according to melodies called(*) ragas. This country's classical music can be divided into Carnatic and Hindustani traditions. The tanpura, tabla drum and sitar are common to musical ensembles in, for 10 points, what country, the home of Ravi Shankar?

string quartets

The nickname of a composition in this genre comes from the similarity of its second movement to its composer's incidental music to Rosamunde. The most popular ensemble of modern performers in this genre is named for Kronos. Franz Schubert reworked one of his songs into a work titled (*) "Death and the Maiden" in this genre. Mozart dedicated six of his pieces in this genre to Joseph Haydn, who is credited with developing this genre to prestige. For 10 points, name this chamber music ensemble consisting of a cellist, a violist, and two violinists.

Vincent (Willem) van Gogh (

The oldest living human in history once sold this artist canvas and colored pencils. This artist depicted a skeleton smoking a cigarette in one painting, and he painted several works depicting his own shoes. A room with red walls and a green ceiling holds a centered (*) billiards table in one of this man's works, and he painted a family eating a meal in a poorly lit room. Two portraits of the physician Paul Gachet were made by this resident of Arles, as well as a painting showing a crescent moon and a swirling sky. For 10 points, name this Dutch artist of The Potato Eaters, The Night Café, and The Starry Night.

The Gross Clinic

The only woman in this painting blocks her face with her left hand. The artist of this painting is depicted in the background below three shadowy rows of figures, holding onto a railing. His signature appears in the bottom right on the front of a table. The darkness of the room alludes to the (*) unhygienic medical practices at the time, in stark contrast with a later painting by the same artist which depicts Dr. David Hayes Agnew. For 10 points, name this painting depicting a femoral surgery being performed at Jefferson Medical College, a work by Thomas Eakins.

The Birth of Venus (or Nascita di Venere)

The orange tree in the background of this painting has not yet produced fruit, symbolizing the potential of this work's main figure. Charles Mack controversially described this painting as a piece of Medici propaganda, and the action of this painting likely occurs on the island of Cythera. The nymph (*) Chloris is being carried toward the central figure of this painting by the wind god Zephyr. On the right side of this painting, the goddess Pomona holds a billowing orange cloth. For ten points, name this painting by Sandro Botticelli depicting a nude goddess rising out of the ocean on a seashell.

Night on Bald Mountain

The original adaptation of this orchestral work was largely devalued when the composer's mentor refused to perform it. One arrangement of this piece, by Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, begins with "Subterranean sounds of non-human voices." Another version of this piece, arranged by Leopold Stokowski, was specifically produced for (*) Disney's Fantasia and describes the devil Chernabog summoning evil spirits. For 10 points, name this piece by Modest Mussorgsky that describes a group of witches waiting for Satan on St. John's Eve at the title feature.

The Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huangdi

The original plan for this art collection involved surrounding it with a hundred rivers of simulated mercury. One work in this collection features a man who sits beneath an umbrella and holds the reins of four horses. Elements in this art collection were surrounded by bronze cranes and ducks, and faced towards conquered Eastern states in four pits. The belly size and height of people in this collection indicates their role. This collection was found by farmers drilling for a well in Xian ("SHEE-ahn") in 1974. For 10 points, identify this group of more than eight thousand unique sculpted men and horses which protects the tomb of China's Qin Shihuang.

Ansel (Easton) Adams

The petals of a flower sit on a pattern of wavy lines in this artist's Rose and Driftwood. In another work by this artist, two crosses overlap overhead a stone doorway in a pueblo. This artist depicted McDonald Lake in one of his many works whose titles use multiple commas to describe the setting. One work by this artist uses the (*) Zone VII setting and was taken after pulling off the highway in the city of Hernandez. Works by this member of Group f/64 ("f-stop-64") include Moon, Half Dome, and a black-and-white photo of a moonrise over a barren landscape. For 10 points, name this American artist whose photographs of the West include depictions of Yosemite National Park.

Auguste Rodin

The plaster model for one of this artist's sculptures was used in Edward Steichen's photograph, subtitled The Silhouette—4 A.M. This artist used a headless, armless version of his Saint John the Baptist Preaching for The Walking Man and also created a group of six lords with(*) ropes around their necks walking to their execution. Another sculpture by this man depicts a man resting his head on his hand. For 10 points, name this French sculptor of works like The Burghers of Calais, whose The Gates of Hell contains The Thinker.

Paris

The protagonist of one film set in this city takes a ride in a "rotor," climbing up the walls while pinned to them by centrifugal force. In that film set in this city, two boys watch a puppet show while plotting how to steal a typewriter. In another film set in this city, which popularized the jump cut, the American student Patricia tries to sell copies of the New York Herald Tribune and Michel imitates Humphrey Bogart. Directors who lived in this city, such as Jean-Luc Godard and François Truffaut, kicked off New Wave cinema here. For 10 points, name this setting of the films Breathless and The 400 Blows, whose opening shot features this city's Eiffel Tower.

(Franz) Joseph Haydn

The recapitulation section of one symphony by this composer ends in a dominant cadence before progressing to an Adagio movement in 3/8. This composer's last major work was written for wind ensemble and titled Harmoniemesse. This man wrote a concerto in which the solo instrument, a (*) keyed trumpet, reaches a high concert D-flat. In one oratorio by this composer, a string pizzicato is followed by a sudden C major fortissimo on the word "Light." That work is The Creation. The "Emperor" is one of this man's sixty-eight string quartets. For 10 points, name this Classical composer of the "Farewell" and "Surprise" symphonies.

Mannerism

The right-hand side of a painting in this style includes an unfinished series of columns and a tiny Saint Jerome. A painting in this style uses light blues, greens, and pinks to depict the Deposition of Christ, and was painted by Pontormo. This style is thought to have developed from the massive scale and enigmatic nature of many late works by Michelangelo. This style is exemplified by the bizarre background figures and Cupid's (*) contorted back in a painting by Bronzino, as well as by Parmigianino's Madonna with the Long Neck. For 10 points, name this reaction to the High Renaissance, which emphasized asymmetry and exaggerated curving forms.

Scott Joplin

The score of this composer's first opera, A Guest of Honor, was repossessed and lost when the box office receipts were stolen. The death of this composer's wife, Freddie, inspired his waltz Bethena. This composer of the opera (*) Treemonisha commemorated a club in Sedalia, Missouri with a piece commonly claimed to be the first sheet music to have sold a million copies, The Maple Leaf Rag. For 10 points, name this African-American composer of The Entertainer, the King of Ragtime.

Brandenburg Concerti(-os)

The second movement of one of these pieces consists only of two chords in a Phrygian half cadence. A polacca and two trios are played in the last section in the first of these pieces, the only one with four movements. The last of these pieces is scored for two viola da gamba but no violins, and the second of these pieces contains a virtuosic part only playable for a (*) trumpet pitched in high F. The first movement of the fifth work in this collection includes a solo cadenza for harpsichord. For 10 points, name these orchestral works named after the state ruled by Margrave Christian Ludwig, a series of six concerti grossi composed by Johann Sebastian Bach.

Symphonie Fantastique

The sequel to this work quotes the composer's cantata The Death of Orpheus, and is called Lélio ["LAY-lee-oh"]. The score for this work calls for two ophicleides ["OFF-ee-klydez"], but those parts are now usually played by tubas. In this work, a "ranz des vaches" ["RAWNZ-day-VASH"] depicts a conversation between two shepherds, and is played by an English horn and offstage oboe. In the fifth movement of this work, low brass and bassoons quote the(*) Dies Irae ["DEE-ays EE-ray"]. An "idee fixe" is repeated throughout this piece, and pizzicato notes represent a bouncing severed head in its "March to the Scaffold." For 10 points, name this opium-inspired piece depicting a "witches' sabbath," written by Hector Berlioz.

Parthenon

The south wall of this building depicts scenes from the Lapith Wedding. Jacques Carrey created numerous detailed sketches of this building before much of it was ruined in a 1687 bombardment. Notable marble sculptures from this Doric order temple were removed by the Earl of (*) Elgin and are now housed in the British Museum. Those "marbles" were sculpted by Phidias, who also crafted the frieze of this building and a massive gold and ivory statue of this temple's dedicatee. For ten points, name this great temple to Athena found atop the Acropolis in Athens.

pyramids

The tallest skyscraper in San Francisco is known as the "Transamerica" this due to its distinctive shape. One urban legend regarding one structure of this type says that it has 666 glass panes. A banner reading "Novus Ordo Seclorum" in one artwork is located underneath one structure of this type, which is topped by the (*) Eye of Providence. Two ziggurats in Luxor Las Vegas surround one structure of this type, a "step" one of which was also built at Chichen Itza. For 10 points, name these triangular structures that contain tombs of pharaohs, including some "Great" ones in Giza.

Joseph-Maurice Ravel

The theme for the "Passacaille" third movement of this composer's A minor piano trio is based on the first theme of its second movement, "Pantoum." This composer wrote an orchestral "choreographic poem" as an homage to Johann Strauss, Jr. This composer included a "Feria" and a "Prélude à la nuit" in his Rapsodie espagnole. Another of his orchestral works begins with a flute solo over a snare drum ostinato that continues throughout the whole piece, which just repeats the same two tunes while getting louder and louder. For 10 points, name this French composer of La Valse, Daphnis et Chloé and Boléro.

Symphonie fantastique

The third movement of this work sees an English horn and offstage oboe depicting a "ranz des vaches" between two shepherds. Parts of this symphony were composed under the influence of opium, including a pizzicato section that depicts a (*) rolling head after an execution. That section is in the fourth movement of this work, "March to the Scaffold", which is followed by a movement that uses the dies irae motif to depict a witches sabbath. For 10 points, name this symphony by Hector Berlioz.

Guernica

The words "KILL LIES ALL" were spray painted onto this painting, in response to the My Lai Massacre. At the bottom of this painting, an arm can be seen holding a broken sword with a flower above it. Marrero and Larrea debated which image in this painting represented the people of the artist's home country, the(*) horse or the bull. At the top of this painting, an outstretched arm holds a candle and a light fixture is in the shape of an eye. For 10 points, name this painting by Pablo Picasso, depicting the 1937 bombing of a Basque town.

five

Thelonious Monk recorded a live album at the New York "Spot" cafe named for this word. This is the second word in the title of the song after "Strange Meadow Lark" on the album Time Out. "Flamenco Sketches," the track of this number, is the last track on Kind of Blue. Miles Davis had two "Great" bands with this many members. Paul Desmond wrote a song titled for this number for the (*) Dave Brubeck Quartet, so-named for its unusual time signature. Adding a beat to common time gives this many beats a measure. For 10 points, name this number which makes up a jazz group of 2 wind players and the piano, bass, and drums section.

skulls

These objects were often depicted alongside extinguished candles, bubbles, and decaying fruit in a subgenre of still lifes. One of them was platinum-plated and encrusted with diamonds by Damien Hirst. These objects often sit next to the books on Saint Jerome's desk. One of these objects was depicted below a table with a globe, an open hymnbook, and a (*) lute with a broken string. They're not flowers, but these objects were usually included in Georgia O'Keeffe's desert landscapes. One of these objects is hidden with an anamorphic perspective trick in Holbein's The Ambassadors. For 10 points, name these objects that symbolize death.

Adam and Eve

These people are depicted on the ceiling of the Stanza della Segnatura, and they're the subject of the central three panels of the Sistine Chapel Ceiling. An orange-clad angel wields a sword above these people, who are crying, in a fresco from the Brancacci Chapel that lies to the left of the (*) Tribute Money. These people are depicted on both sides of the top row of the Ghent Altarpiece, and at the bottom left of the Garden of Earthly Delights. They're usually depicted holding branches or leaves to cover their nudity. For 10 points, name this married couple shown in Masaccio's The Expulsion from the Garden of Eden.

Edgar Degas

This French artist disagreed with most of his colleagues by openly disdaining painting en plein air. This artist separated an austerely dressed mother and two daughters from their businesslike father, who is sitting at right in a chair, in his painting The Bellelli Family. This artist's only sculpture is a bronze depiction of a fourteen year old. Actress Ellen Andrée appears (*) bored in a café looking at her drink in a painting by this artist, whose most characteristic works use mirrors showing reflections of young girls in tutus. For 10 points, name this French painter of L'Absinthe and many ballerinas.

Frank Owen Gehry

This architect feuded with Donald Trump after his Beekman Tower was constructed one foot taller than the Trump World Tower. Another of this man's buildings was inspired by the shape of a smashed guitar and has a monorail running through it; that building is the Museum of Pop Culture. With Vlado Milunić, this man designed a building whose warped outline evokes the image of a (*) dancing couple, while an outdoor music venue in Millenium Park is this man's Pritzker Pavilion. The titanium metal sheets of another of his buildings, which the The New Yorker called a "fantastic dream ship", sits on the Nervion River. For 10 points, name this Canadian architect of the Walt Disney Concert Hall and the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao.

Le Corbusier

This architect modeled the east and west facades of the Mill Owners' Association Building after sun breakers. This architect applied his Modulor system to proportions of his various works. The Open Hand symbolizes peace and reconciliation for this architect, and can be seen in (*) Chandigarh, India. One of his most famous buildings is representative of his "five points," which was detailed in his book, Towards a New Architecture. For 10 points, name this Swiss-French architect who designed the Villa Savoye.

Cubism

This art movement was heavily influenced by the late works of Paul Cézanne, such as the Mont Sainte-Victoire series. This art movement was divided into two phases: analytic and synthetic, the latter signifying the introduction of media such as collage. One member of this movement, (*) Juan Gris, painted in the "crystal" form of this movement, which emphasized an even simpler geometric structure. Georges Braque was the co-founder of, for 10 points, what art movement that fragmented different three-dimensional perspectives onto two-dimensional space and was co-led by Pablo Picasso?

Albrecht Dürer

This artist convinced six generations of Europeans that rhinoceroses had rivets after a historic scientific drawing. This artist's self-portrait with long curly hair, wearing a fur collar, looks a lot like Christ. He depicted a gaunt dog sitting at the foot of a cherub and an angry angel in a work whose title is shown on a banner held by a bat. A man on a horse walks through a valley, watched by a goat-headed (*) Devil and by a man on a pale horse, in a print by this artist. A lion and another sleeping dog lounge in St. Jerome's study in one of his best-known engravings. For 10 points, name this German Renaissance artist of Melencolia I and other woodcuts.

Francisco

This artist depicted a tightrope walker in a work perversely titled May the Rope Break!. He painted a mutilated body in a tree in This is worse. One of this artist's engravings depicts a bunch of owl-like monsters attacking a man asleep at his desk. One of his series includes depictions of Two Old Men Eating Soup, a Witches' Sabbath, and (*) Saturn Devouring His Sons. His series include The Disasters of War, Los Caprichos, and the Black Paintings. In this artist's most famous painting, a kneeling man in a white shirt raises his arms in front of a firing squad on the title date. For 10 points, name this Spanish painter of The Nude Maja and The Third of May, 1808.

Masaccio

This artist depicted a woman in a head cloth holding a baby standing behind a man cloaked in orange lying dead before the feet of the apostles in his fresco, The Distribution of Alms and the Death of Ananias. His earliest work's central panel contains the Virgin Mary holding Jesus while seated on a stone throne framed by two kneeling angels draped in pink on a green floor, known as the (*) San Giovenale Triptych. This Renaissance artist was given his nickname by Vasari for neglecting hygiene due to his strict adherence to his art. For 10 points, name this student of Masolino who painted The Tribute Money.

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn

This artist depicted the title subject receiving the ashes of King Mausolus in Artemisia, and he painted a SelfPortraitwith Two Circles. The title King of Babylon turns in surprise toward a Hebrew inscription on the wall inanother of this artist's paintings depicting a scene from the Book of Daniel. In addition to painting Belshazzar'sFeast, this man depicted the title doctor dissecting the arm of the criminal Aris Kindt. He also painted a man wavinga blue and yellow striped flag while an illuminated girl holds a chicken in a work commissioned by Frans BanningCocq. For 10 points, name this Dutch artist of The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp and The Night Watch.

Maya Ying Lin

This artist designed a bronze funnel lined with redwood, the Listening Cone, as part of the "What is Missing?"project. This artist is installing seven sites along the Columbia River to commemorate the Native Americans as partof the Confluence Project. Two of this architect's works are circular black granite tables, one with inscriptionsspiraling out from the center of the numbers of women who attended Yale each year. This architect of the Women'sTable designed another memorial with black granite, with two walls cutting into the National Mall in a V-shape. For10 points, name this Chinese-American designer of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.

Constantin Brâncuși

This artist drew a spiral and three lines in his "portrait" of James Joyce, and represented the baroness Renee Irana Frachon using marble in his "The Sleeping Muse". This artist represented a Hungarian artist with an egg-like head in his sculpture of Mademoiselle (*) Pogany. Twelve hourglasses line his "Table of Silence", which makes up a war memorial along with his "The Gate of the Kiss" and a work that consists of 17 stacked rhomboid-like figures, known as "Endless Column". Those three aforementioned works are located at Targu Jiu. His most famous work was taxed by US customs while being imported to the US and depicts the motion of the title avian. For ten points, name this Romanian sculptor of "Bird in Space".

Constantin Brancusi

This artist made several versions of a sculpture that depicts a Hungarian girl with her hands up to her face in gypsum, marble, and bronze, as well as a phallic statue of Marie Bonaparte. This creator of Mademoiselle Pogany and Princess X casted several bronze heads with closed eyes and commemorated World War I veterans at (*) Targu Jiu, where he placed twelve chairs around a limestone slab and a spire of 17 rhomboids. The most notable work by this sculptor of Sleeping Muse, Table of Silence, and The Endless Column is a series that intends to show the beauty of flight, void of details, in the title domain. For ten points identify this Romanian sculptor of Bird in Space.

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio

This artist painted a backgammon table to the left of a figure who reaches into his back pocket for a spare card inone work. In another painting, this man depicted Cleopas wearing a scallop shell as an apostle in green hunchestoward the central figure, who stretches his right hand over a table. This artist of The Cardsharps and The Supper atEmmaus used Mario Minniti as the model for his Boy with a Basket of Fruit. This man created a painting in whichfive men seated at a table count gold coins while Christ summons the title figure. For 10 points, name this ItalianBaroque artist known for his use of chiaroscuro, who painted The Calling of Saint Matthew.

William Hogarth Packet 11 -

This artist painted a woman in pink balancing a basket of the title food on her head in his painting The Shrimp Girl. A palette with the phrase "The Line of Beauty" sits next to this artist's dog Trump in his painting The Painter and the Pug. The Earl Squanderfield walks into a bagnio to find his lover and Silvertongue in a painting from this artist's (*) Marriage-a-la-mode series. A painting series by this man shows a rich merchant ending up in Fleet Debtor's Prison after he rejects Sarah Young's hand in marriage. For 10 points, name this English painter of A Rake's Progress.

Johannes "Jan" Vermeer

This artist painted a woman whose dress shrouds a globe, as she stares at a ball suspended from the ceiling. A painting by this artist depicts a model holding a trumpet and a book, with head topped by a vividly bright blue laurel, who probably symbolizes the muse Clio. He unusually used pointillism to show six tiny people in front of a harbor in a highly realistic cityscape. This artist created (*) allegories for faith and for painting. A woman wears an oriental, yellow-and-blue turban, in a painting by this artist. His landscape View of Delft is now kept in The Hague. For 10 points, name this Dutch artist of scenes like Girl with a Pearl Earring.

Edvard Munch

This artist painted many scenes from his stay in St. Cloud, and also painted an evening and a spring day on Karl Johan Street. The many self-portraits of this painter include one of him holding a burning cigarette. A man leans against the back of a green wall praying in a painting by this artist about a family mourning his sister, called (*) Death in the Sickroom. That painting, along with one depicting a couple dancing, appear in this artist's Frieze of Life series. Another painting by this author depicts a man standing on a bridge, holding his face against a swirling red and yellow sky. For 10 points, name this painter of The Scream.

Alexander Calder (just need Calder, but do not accept or prompt on "Alexander Milne Calder," his grandfather, or "Alexander Stirling Calder," his father)

This artist performed shows using a miniature model of a circus, and his sculpture commissioned by the Spanish Republican government is displayed behind glass for the viewer's safety. In addition to sculpting a Mercury Fountain, this man used a namesake red paint to color an arching sculpture in Federal Plaza in (*) Chicago. This artist's Flamingo is a "stabile," unlike works by him like one consisting of moving pieces of sheet metal hung from wires attached to the ceiling. For 10 points, name this American sculptor of Lobster Trap and Fish Tail, an example of his characteristic "mobile."

Titian (accept either underlined portion of Tiziano Vecellio)

This artist reinterpreted a Jakob Seisenegger painting of Charles V standing with his dog. Two figures in one of this man's paintings are hypothesized to be Polia and Venere; in that painting, a child pokes his hand inside a sarcophagus. In one painting by this artist, the title woman is met by a chariot led by (*) two cheetahs and the title god. In the most famous painting of this artist of Bacchus and Ariadne and Sacred and Profane Love, a servant looks through a chest in the background while a puppy sits at the feet of a reclining nude. For 10 points, name this Renaissance artist of the Venus of Urbino.

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio

This artist showed a horse nearly avoiding stepping on St. Paul in one of his two depictions of Paul's conversion. This artist created a painting an angel swooping towards the title figure in orange robes, as well as different painting showing that same figure being killed with a sword in Ethiopia, in two parts of a series for the Church of San Luigi dei Francesi. In the third part of that series, a (*) single window provides the lighting for the scene, in which a man gestures to himself, indicating that he is the figure towards whom Jesus is stretching his hand. For 10 points, name this chiaroscuro-using artist of The Calling of St. Matthew.

Titian

This artist showed a ring constellation of eight stars in the upper-left corner of a painting in which a centaur boy with a spaniel looks at the viewer, a dark-skinned man struggles with several snakes, and a bare-chested god leaps from a chariot driven by two cheetahs. This namesake of a red pigment used to paint auburn hair also showed a maid rummaging through a trunk in an interior scene where a small dog curls up on a white bed and a bunch of flowers are held by a nude goddess gazing at the viewer. For 10 points, name this Venetian painter of Bacchus and Ariadne and Venus of Urbino.

Grant Wood

This artist used a child's rocking-horse as the inspiration for the horse in his depiction of the Midnight Ride of Paul Revere. Another of this artist's paintings shows a man drawing back a red curtain to reveal a scene with a father and son. With fellow painters Thomas Hart Benton and John Steuart Curry, this man was the third main artist of the (*) regionalist movement. While viewing the Dibble House in Iowa, this artist of Parson Weems' Fable decided to paint two people he thought might live there; for the resulting painting, he used his stern-looking sister and his dentist, who is carrying a pitchfork. For 10 points, name this artist of American Gothic.

Johannes Vermeer (or Jan Vermeer; or Johan Vermeer)

This artist was depicted with an extremely long right leg being "Used as a Table" in a Salvador Dalí painting. This artist painted a woman in blue holding a trumpet and a book being painted on an easel by a man with his back to the viewer. This creator of (*) The Art of Painting showed two women standing by the Schie river in a cityscape of his hometown, and he's believed to have used a camera obscura to make several of his paintings. One painting by this man shows its subject wearing a blue and yellow headdress as well as the title piece of jewelry. For 10 points, name this Dutch artist of View of Delft and Girl with a Pearl Earring.

Donatello

This artist was reported to have shouted "Speak! Damn you! Speak!" while carving his favorite work, Habakkuk. His first major statue is situated in a niche of the Orsanmichele as a commission of the linen weaver's guild. That statue, St. (*) Mark, was quickly eclipsed in popularity by his works in bronze like the equestrian statue of Erasmo da Narni entitled Gattamelata. For 10 points, name this Florentine sculptor who sculpted a famous bronze statue of David.

Ansel (Easton) Adams

This artist worked alongside Cedric Wright on several works, including one created at a location known as the "Diving Board," and he created several depictions of the University of California titled Fiat Lux. This creator of Born Free and Equal used eleven different levels of brightness in his (*) Zone System. This man founded the group f/64 ["f-stop sixty-four"], and he captured a white dot over a town in Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico. This photographer frequently photographed the monolithic natural monument Half-Dome. For 10 points, name this American photographer famous for his work in Yosemite National Park.

Norman Rockwell

This artist's Russian Schoolroom shows young students looking at a bust of Vladimir Lenin, while his The Rookie depicts the Red Sox locker room. The letters "KKK" and a racial slur appear behind Ruby Bridges in one of this artist's works which reacts to New Orleans school desegregation and is entitled (*) The Problem We All Live With. A woman serves a turkey dinner in this man's Freedom from Want, part of his "Four Freedoms" series. For 10 points, name this 20th century American artist who painted many scenes of everyday life life as covers for the Saturday Evening Post.

James Abbott McNeill Whistler

This artist's most famous work was reimagined in Filthy Lucre, a dystopian 'REMIX' by Darren Waterston. A young girl dressed in a kimono clutches a fan in a painting by this artist that hangs in the Freer Gallery. He portrayed Joanna Hiffernan holding a lily while standing on a bearskin rug in The White Girl. This man sued John (*) Ruskin for criticizing a work in which splotches of yellow illuminate the foggy night sky; that work is Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket. This artist's best known work is a side profile of a woman in a black dress seated against a wall. For 10 points, name this artist who portrayed his mother in Arrangement in Grey and Black.

Georgia O'Keeffe

This artist's painting of a pineapple bud was created for a Dole ad campaign. This artist's paintings of New York at night include depictions of the Shelton Hotel and the Radiator Building. Other landscapes by this artist include rocky paintings of the "Black Place" and the "White Place" near her home in Abiquiu. This painter's (*) Ram's Head, White Hollyhock Hills is one of her many paintings of flowers and skulls, some of which, like Inside Red Canna, are said to evoke female genitalia. For 10 points, name this female artist who lived and worked with her husband Alfred Stieglitz in New Mexico.

Georges(-Pierre) Seurat

This artist's unfinished last painting depicts a lean female in a yellow dress leaping off of a galloping white horse; that painting is The Circus. Three nude women appear before this artist's most famous work in his painting The Models. One painting by this artist shows a girl in a white dress staring directly at the viewer as she holds hands with a lady in a pink dress carrying a (*) red parasol; that painting also depicts a woman who is holding both a dog and a monkey on leashes. For 10 points, name this painter who used his signature pointillist technique in such works as Bathers at Asnieres and A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte.

Salvador Dalí

This artist's version of The Temptation of St. Anthony shows a nude man holding a crucifix to a rearing horse. This artist claimed his most famous painting was inspired by cheese melting in the sun, and depicted a flower hatching out of an egg in his Metamorphosis of(*) Narcissus. This artist painted a distorted self portrait of his face in the foreground of his most famous painting, which depicts a swarm of ants on its left and several melting clocks. For 10 points, what Spanish Surrealist artist painted The Persistence of Memory?

The Sistine Chapel

This building shows a "brazen serpent" on one of its pendentives. A painting of a silver curtain is under Perugino's Christ Handing the Keys to Saint Peter in this space, which also shows five depictions of book-reading Sybils. A man with the derisive nickname Il Braghettone painted fig leaves over some nudes in this space. Recent critics have noticed a brain shape near the center of this building among nine wide scenes from Genesis. This room also depicts flayed skin held by Saint Bartholomew in a wall-size depiction of the Last Judgment. For 10 points, name this room in the Vatican, where God touches his finger to Adam on a ceiling painted by Michelangelo.

Fallingwater

This building was nicknamed "Rising Mildew" because of its constant leaking. The Vandamm Residence in North by Northwest was inspired by this building. Mendel Glickman and William Peters helped design this structure and had also constructed the columns of its architect's earlier (*) Johnson Wax Building. This building used a T-shape, as well as a cantilever, in order to stabilize itself on the north bank of Bear Run. For 10 points, name this house in Mill Run, Pennsylvania that was designed for the Kaufmann family by Frank Lloyd Wright.

the Sugar-Plum Fairy

This character was first played by Antonietta Dell'Era. This character's theme begins "G-E-G; F-sharp; D-sharp; E." In Fantasia, this character's music accompanies the enchantment of a dandelion, some flowers, and a spider's web. In the original Petipa version, this character dances with Prince Coqueluche. She rules over the "Polichinelles" and Mother (*) Ginger. In the ballet, this character's dance comes right after the Waltz of the Flowers, while in the suite, it comes right before the "Trepak." Her dance is one of the first pieces to use the celesta. For 10 points, name this ruler of the Land of Sweets in Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker.

London

This city was the base of music publisher and sonatina composer Muzio Clementi, who dominated its concert life after the death of Johann Christian Bach. The "Gypsy" piano trio was written in this city. The slow movement of a piece written in this city is interrupted by "Turkish" percussion and trumpet fanfares. Beethoven published his Opus 1 while his (*) teacher was away in this city. A 1791 trip to this city was organized by Johann Peter Salomon. A group of symphonies written for this city have nicknames like "Miracle," "Drumroll," and "Surprise." For 10 points, name this capital city for which Haydn wrote his last twelve symphonies.

Barcelona

This city was the site of the last Summer Olympics to be held on the same year as their winter counterpart, and it contains the Eixample ["eye-sham-play"] district. This city, which is overlooked by Montjuic ["Mont Ju-eesh"], was home to a 1929 International Exposition and contains La Rambla. One building designed by its most notable architect will be completed in 2026; that architect also built Casa Mila and(*) Park Guell, as well as the aforementioned cathedral. For 10 points, name this city in which Antoni Gaudi designed the Sagrada Familia, which is located in the Spanish region of Catalonia.

the Alhambra

This complex contains the iconic Court of the Myrtles. The Hall of the Ambassadors is the largest room in this structure from which Washington Irving wrote a namesake book of tales. A walkway connected this complex to the Generalife Palace and this structure's many English elms were introduced during the Peninsular War. This palace includes the (*) Court of the Lions with its characteristic arches and served as the heart of the Nasrid Dynasty before falling to Ferdinand and Isabella. For ten points, name this Islamic fortress and palace complex which overlooks Granada.

Bela Bartok

This composer based a pantomime ballet on a short story by Melchior Lengyel. This composer wrote an extensive collection of piano etudes which included movements such as "Thirds Against a Single Voice" and "Dragons' Dance". He collaborated with (*) Zoltan Kodaly to collect folk melodies which he incorporated into his own music. This composer's first major orchestral work, Kossuth, honored the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. For 10 points, name this Hungarian composer of The Miraculous Mandarin and the opera Duke Bluebeard's Castle.

Franz Schubert

This composer began a work with the piano playing forte octave triplets in the right hand. His last piano sonata in B-flat major contains a low F-G-flat trill, and Liszt transcribed his C-major Wanderer Fantasy. This composer's fourteenth string quartet in D minor includes variations on his song "Death and the (*) Maiden," and he composed a lied ["leed"] about the demonic "Erlking." This composer set poems by Wilhelm Müller describing a man falling in love with a miller's daughter to music in one of his many song cycles. For 10 points, name this Romantic composer who failed to finish his eighth symphony in B minor.

Richard Wagner

This composer began an overture with a trumpet that represents the war call of the Colonna family for his opera Rienzi. In another opera by this composer, the nurse Mary refuses to sing a ballad for the main character, who is promised to the title figure by her father Daland in return for a (*) ship of treasure. In addition to an opera with a famous "Bridal March", this composer wrote a set of operas that begins with the dwarf Alberich stealing a magical object from the Rhine maidens. For 10 points, name this German composer of The Flying Dutchman and Lohengrin, as well as the operatic cycle The Ring of the Nibelung.

Hector Berlioz

This composer borrowed music from his unfinished mass Messe solennelle for one piece dedicated to an Irish actress. "Serenade" titles the third movement of this composer's second symphony, in which a solo viola depicts the title character. This composer used an offstage oboe and English horn to depict two (*) shepherds in a "ranz des vaches" in a piece he composed under the influence of opium. In addition to using the dies irae motif to depict a witches sabbath, this composer used an idée fixe for a piece that includes the movement "March to the Scaffold". For 10 points, name this French composer of Symphonie fantastique.

Richard Strauss

This composer ended a set of orchestral songs with a poem that ends "Is this perhaps death?," "Im Abendrot." One of his characters wonders about little "Resi" from the convent and admits that she sometimes stops all the clocks in the middle of the night. An opera by this composer ends with a young black page scurrying off the stage. This composer used three Hesse poems in his Four (*) Last Songs and wrote a role for a woman who "resolves to love" a young count fully, loving even "his love for another." That sentiment is expressed after Baron Ochs fails to marry Sophie, a girl who sings a trio with Octavian and the Marschallin. For 10 points, name this composer of Der Rosenkavalier.

Robert Alexander Schumann

This composer included "First Loss" and "The Happy Farmer" in a piano collection written for his daughters. In another work, he included slow septuplets against triplets in a movement depicting "Eusebius." That work by this composer includes musical depictions of Chopin, Paganini, and his then-fiancé Ernestine von Fricken, and is based on the letters of the name her hometown, Asch. This composer of Album for the Young included "Träumerei" ("troy-mur-EYE") in his Scenes from Childhood. For 10 points, name this German Romantic composer of Carnaval and symphonies nicknamed "Spring" and "Rhenish," whose A minor piano concerto was premiered by his wife, Clara.

Charles (Edward) Ives

This composer included sections titled "Birth of the Oceans" and "The Pulse of the Cosmos" in his unfinished Universe Symphony. This composer's second piano sonata includes a cluster chord played with a 14¾-inch-long wooden bar. This man's second symphony quotes Stephen (*) Foster's "Camptown Races." In another of his works, a woodwind quartet becomes increasingly dissonant after a trumpet repeatedly asks "The Perennial Question of Existence." This composer wrote an arrangement of "My Country, Tis of Thee" in his organ work Variations on "America". For 10 points, name this composer of the Concord Sonata and Three Places in New England.

Igor Stravinsky

This composer incorporated three branles [bran-NELS], a sarabande, and a galliard in a ballet that marked his transition to serialism. In one work by this composer, a drumroll links the Shrovetide Fair to a section in which two clarinets introduce a stacked C and F-sharp major chord representing the title character. In another work by this composer of Agon (*), a series of games are interrupted by the "Procession of the Wise Elder". This man wrote a ballet whose last movement erratically changes meter almost every measure and depicts a virgin ritually dancing herself to death. That ballet opens with a high bassoon solo and caused a riot at its 1913 Paris premiere. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of Petrushka and The Rite of Spring.

Franz Liszt

This composer is considered the inventor of the symphonic poem, which he pioneered with compositions like Prometheus and Orpheus. Like Beethoven, this composer was invited by Anton Diabelli to create several variations on one of his waltzes, which he did, possibly at the suggestion of his teacher Carl Czerny. This composer inspired (*) mania in crowds with his carefully staged recitals and difficult piano music, such as his Transcendental Etudes and Hungarian Rhapsodies. For 10 points, name this renowned Hungarian-born piano virtuoso.

Igor Stravinsky

This composer overlaid C and F-sharp major triads in a ballet in which the title character is trapped in the Moor's Room and escapes to the Shrovetide Fair. Princesses in one of this composer's ballets dance a Khorovod and play a game with golden apples after having been enchanted by Koschei the Immortal. Serge (*) Diaghilev's Ballets Russes first performed a ballet by this composer in which the title character catalyzes an Infernal Dance, and he wrote Petrushka and The Firebird. For 10 points, name this composer of a ballet that caused a riot at its 1913 Paris premiere, The Rite of Spring.

Igor Stravinsky

This composer possibly mis-transcribed a D as a D-flat in a berceuse containing a well-known bassoon solo. This composer used a chord composed of two major triads, a tritone apart, every time a puppet appears on stage. The second act of one of his ballets begins with two virgins walking in circles. The hero of a ballet by this composer smashes an egg containing (*) Kashchei's soul. This composer wrote two acts titled "The Adoration of the Earth" and "The Sacrifice" for a ballet that begins with a bassoon playing way too high for its own good. For 10 points, name this composer of The Firebird, and a piece that induced riots on premiere, The Rite of Spring.

George Frideric Handel

This composer prominently featured two horns in an eleven-movement F-major orchestral suite that includes a "Bourrée" and a thrice-repeated "Air." This composer wrote the first major organ concertos for himself to perform. A piece by this composer was originally scored with 24 oboes and includes movements like "La Paix" and "La Réjouissance." He wrote a 1717 set of three orchestral suites that include an "Alla (*) Hornpipe." A chorus from a 1742 oratorio by him repeats phrases like "and he shall reign for ever and ever." For 10 points, name this composer of Music for the Royal Fireworks and Water Music, whose Messiah includes the "Hallelujah" chorus.

Sergei (Sergeyevich) Prokofiev

This composer quoted "The little grey dove is cooing" in a work that ends with the burial of the title imaginary person. A ceremony honoring the sun ends this man's four-movement Scythian Suite. The Larghetto section in this composer's first symphony is followed by a movement that contains a gavotte. This composer of the (*) "Classical Symphony" portrayed a sleigh ride in the "Troika" movement of his Lieutenant Kijé suite. This man composed a "Dance of the Knights" in his opera Romeo and Juliet. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of the musical children's story Peter and the Wolf.

Edward Elgar

This composer used the violin piece Salut D'amour as an engagement present. The Angel of Agony visits a man known as "the Soul" as he travels through Purgatory in an oratorio by this man. Jacqueline du Pre famously recorded his Cello Concerto in E minor, and Edward VII was the dedicatee of a work by this man which later included (*) "The Land of Hope and Glory". This composer used names like "Dorabella" for movements in one work, in addition to a section dedicated to his editor entitled "Nimrod". For 10 points, name this English composer of The Dream of Gerontius, Enigma Variations, and Pomp and Circumstance.

Giuseppe Verdi

This composer was forced to move the setting of an opera about the assassination of Gustav III to Boston. The death of Alessandro Manzoni inspired this composer of Un ballo in maschera to write his Requiem mass. Manrico discovers he is not the child of Azucena after hearing her sing "Stride la vampa" in an opera by this composer's opera that includes a chorus of gypsies using hammers to rhythmically strike a series of anvils. An opera by this composer of Il Trovatore closes with the Temple of Vulcan being used to bury alive the lover of the title Ethiopian princess. For 10 points, name this Italian composer of Aida.

John Philip Sousa

This composer was inspired by a pretty girl he had seen at the fair for his piece "Fairest of the Fair." This man wrote an operetta about a military captain in Peru. A piece by this composer named for Manhattan Beach oddly lacks a "stinger" at its end. This composer of (*) "El Capitan" put an unusually calm break strain in a piece he named after a newspaper. This composer of "The Washington Post" wrote the Marine Corps song "Semper Fidelis." His best known piece includes an exposed piccolo solo. For 10 points, name this the composer of "The Stars and Stripes Forever," known as America's "March King."

Jean Sibelius

This composer withdrew his opera The Maiden in the Tower after only four performances. Though not Dvorak, he composed six Humoresques for violin and orchestra, and also wrote a violin concerto in D minor with a high number of double stops in its first movement. Another one of his works attempts to evoke locations such as the gates of Kakisalmi and Viipuri Castle. This composer of the Karelia Suite based a tone poem on a mythical bird of the dead, the Swan of Tuonela. His most famous work is a nationalistic hymn that protests against Russian occupation. For 10 points, name this composer of Finlandia.

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

This composer wrote a legato string passage mixed with solos by the clarinet and flute in a movement depicting a young prince and princess. In that work, this composer repeated a triplet-heavy, high-register violin solo. The bassoon represents the Kalender Prince in a suite by this composer, who disapproved of the programmatic naming of his movements like "The (*) Sea and Sinbad's Ship." This composer used The Arabian Nights as his source material for the suite Scheherazade, and he wrote a rapid flute solo for an interlude in his opera The Tale of Tsar Saltan. For 10 points, name this Russian composer of "The Flight of the Bumblebee."

Joseph Haydn

This composer wrote a string quartet in B-flat major with an allegro con spirito first movement that contains a poco a poco decrescendo from forte to pianissimo. The quiet second movement of one of this composer's symphonies ends with a fortissimo G-major chord while another one of his symphonies instructs musicians to (*) leave the stage one by one. This composer used text from the Book of Genesis and Milton's Paradise Lost in his oratorio The Creation. For 10 points, name this Austrian "Father of the Symphony" who composed ones nicknamed "Farewell" and "Surprise".

Ralph ("rafe") Vaughan Williams

This composer wrote an important F minor concerto for tuba. He wrote an overture where trills represent the title animals, part of his incidental music to The Wasps. This composer adapted his own film score to Scott of the Antarctic for his seventh symphony. He also wrote symphonies named for a sea, and for (*) London. This composer used the song "Why Fum'eth in Fight" for a string orchestra fantasia on the music of the composer of Spem in alium. He also wrote a fantasia on the folksong "Greensleeves." For 10 points, name this English composer of The Lark Ascending and "Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis."

Jacques Offenbach

This composer wrote an opera in which Fritz gains the favor of the Grand Duchess in the fictional land of Gérolstein. In another work by this composer, the title character falls in love with Giulietta, who begins the act by singing a barcarolle with Nicklausse. Bobinet and Gardefeu compete for Métella's hand in the title city in this composer's (*) operetta La Vie Parisienne. This man wrote an opera in which Coppélius destroys Olympia after she sings the "Doll Song." The "Infernal Galop" from a satirical opera by this composer is now associated with can-can music. For 10 points, name this French composer of Orpheus in the Underworld and The Tales of Hoffman.

Leonard Bernstein

This composer wrote an operetta which includes the songs "It Must Be So" and "Glitter and Be Gay" based off a novella written by Voltaire. That work's overture was performed in Pyongyang on February of 2008 and is Candide. This composer is most famous for collaborating with (*) Stephen Sondheim to produce a musical about the rivalry between the Sharks and the Jets. For 10 points, name this director of the New York Philharmonic who composed West Side Story.

Antonín Leopold Dvořák ("DVOR-zhak")

This composer wrote an oratorio based on the life of Saint Ludmilla, and the death of his daughter inspired him to compose the cantata Stabat Mater. This composer found critical success with his piano and voice cycle Moravian Duets, after which he wrote two sets of orchestral pieces inspired by Brahms' Hungarian Dances. The song "Goin' Home" is based on an iconic English horn solo in this composer's most famous work, which African-American spirituals inspired him to write during a trip to the United States. For 10 points, name this Czech composer of Slavonic Dances and the "New World" symphony.

Johannes Brahms

This composer's Liebeslieder Waltzes are a collection of love songs in the Ländler [Lend-ler] style for vocals and four hands piano based on Georg Friedrich Daumer's Polydora. Robert Schumann praised this composer in "New Paths," and he worked with both this composer and Albert Dietrich to write the F-A-E Sonata for Joseph Joachim [Wah-keem]. (*) As a balance to this composer's more cheerful piece that he wrote for the University of Breslau, he wrote his Tragic Overture. That more cheerful piece was his Academic Festival Overture. For 10 points, name this composer who wrote the Hungarian Dances and A German Requiem.

George Frideric Handel

This composer's aria "Ombra mai fu" has been re-arranged for instruments as "Largo from Xerxes." One of this composer's works has a 12/8 ("twelve eight") movement with a name translating as "peace" that precedes the fanfare "La Rejouissance." One of his oratorios begins a vocal fugue on the line "And He shall (*) reign forever and ever." This man composed a suite for a celebration George II was holding at Green Park. This composer of Music for the Royal Fireworks is best-known for an oratorio with sections like "Behold the Lamb of God." For 10 points, name this German-English composer of Messiah, which includes his "Hallelujah Chorus."

(Jakob Ludwig) Felix Mendelssohn(-Bartholdy)

This composer's final work was his sixth string quartet, written in memory of his recently deceased sister. Each member of the Emerson Quartet played two different parts while recording a piece this man wrote at age 16, his String (*) Octet. The soloist makes an unusually early entrance in his E minor violin concerto, and this composer's visit to Fingal's Cave inspired his Hebrides Overture. Another of his works includes a braying effect imitating the transfigured Bottom as well as a famous wedding march. For 10 points, name this Jewish-born composer of incidental music for A Midsummer Night's Dream.

Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich

This composer's first symphony includes oboe and cello solos and quotes from Wagner's Siegfried in its Lento third movement. Leonard Bernstein referred to this composer's ninth symphony as "anti-ninth" because of its lighthearted quality. This composer used a (*) D-E Flat-C-B motif to depict himself in both his tenth symphony and eighth string quartet. This composer described his fifth symphony as an "artist's response to justified criticism" after Stalin denounced his opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District. For 10 points, name this 20th century Russian composer of the Leningrad Symphony.

Edward Elgar

This composer's first symphony is the only one in the repertoire in A flat major. A concerto by this composer was never rehearsed before its awful premiere, and was only resurrected in a landmark recording by Jacqueline du Pre. One of his works, paradoxically titled Variations on an Original Theme, is dedicated to the composer's (*) "friends pictured within", and has a cryptic theme. This composer of an E minor cello concerto rearranged the coronation piece "The Land of Hope and Glory" into a march used at graduations in the US. For 10 points, name this English composer of the Enigma Variations and the Pomp and Circumstance marches.

Franz Joseph Haydn

This composer's most popular works for the piano include his F-minor Variations and his Sonata in E-flat Major. The first part of one of his works opens with the "Representation of Chaos." This composer set lyrics by Leopold Haschka to music in his (*) "Emperor" quartet. An oratorio by this composer is based off descriptions from Paradise Lost and the Book of Genesis. In addition to The Creation, this composer wrote the London Symphonies, which includes his "Surprise" one. For 10 points, name this Austrian father of both the string quartet and the symphony.

Franz

This composer's organ works include the huge Fantasy and Fugue on "Ad nos, ad salutarem undam." His works are usually numbered using Humphrey Searle's catalogue. He revised an étude in thirds into "Mazeppa." This composer of "Waldesrauschen" and "Feux Follets" invented the symphonic poem, and his works in that genre include Les (*) Préludes. Études by this composer of six "Consolations" include "Gnomenreigen," "Un Sospiro," and "La Campanella," which was based on a piece by Paganini. His gentler pieces include "Liebestraum No. 3." For 10 points, name this virtuoso pianist and composer of Transcendental Etudes and Hungarian Rhapsodies.

Béla (Viktor Janós) Bartók

This composer's pedagogical works include a six-book progressive piano compilation and 44 Duos for Two Violins. This composer later orchestrated his Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion. The fourth of this composer's six string quartets has an "Allegretto pizzicato" fourth movement. This composer of six Romanian Folk Dances developed a "night music" style and spent several years collecting folk songs on record as one of the first (*) ethnomusicologists. He included movements like "Intermezzo interrotto" and "Game of the Pairs" in a 1943 orchestral work. For 10 points, name this Hungarian composer of Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta and a Concerto for Orchestra.

Gustav Mahler

This composer's symphonies frequently use innovative percussion instruments like the tam-tam and the rute, which he used along with two harps in the finale of his sixth symphony. The Adagietto movement from one symphony by this composer is interpreted as a love song to his wife. That symphony by this composer, which opens with a trumpet solo, is his (*) fifth symphony. Three devastating events in this composer's life, including his forced resignation from the Vienna Opera, inspired the three "hammer blows of fate" in his Tragic Symphony according to his wife Alma. For 10 points, name this Austrian composer of the Resurrection symphony.

Johannes Brahms

This composer's three piano sonatas are in C Major, F-sharp Minor and F Minor, and his three violin sonatas are in G Major, A Major, and D Minor. Late in life, he wrote two sonatas for clarinet or viola and piano, as well as a B-minor clarinet quintet. This composer used the choral "St. Anthony" in his Variations on a Theme by (*) Haydn. He hated Liszt's "music of the future," and Wagner hated this "conservative" composer's music. One of his choral works begins "Selig sind, die da Leid tragen." His first symphony, which his friend Clara Schumann disliked, was nicknamed "Beethoven's Tenth." For 10 points, name this composer of A German Requiem and twenty-one Hungarian Dances.

Franz

This composer's twenty-first and last piano sonata is in B-Flat Major. This composer wrote the only major sonata for the arpeggione. One of his impromptus is in G-Flat Major and double-cut time. His other piano works include six Moments Musicaux and the Wanderer Fantasy. This composer's works are numbered using Otto Erich Deutsch's catalogue. One of his symphonies is often performed with extracts from his music for (*) Rosamunde. His fourteenth string quartet uses a theme from his song "Death and the Maiden." He wrote some of the first song cycles, Die schöne Müllerin and Winterreise. For 10 points, name this Austrian early Romantic composer of the "Unfinished" Symphony.

Russia

This country was the site of the 0,10 ["0 comma 10"] Exhibition. It's not Italy, but a woman from this country led a Futurist painting movement and pioneered Rayonism with works such as The Cyclist. In a depiction of "The Last Supper" from this country, the silhouette of Judas on the right side casts an enormous shadow on the left. An artist from this country who was part of "The Wanderers" depicted a group of (*) Cossacks drafting an insult-filled letter to Mehmed IV; that artist also painted a group of Barge Haulers. In this country, a painting of a single black square ushered in Suprematism. Socialist Realism later took over, for 10 points, what country home to Ilya Repin and Kazimir Malevich, who exhibited in St. Petersburg?

Werner Herzog

This director had the whole cast hypnotized for a 1976 film about an 18th-century glass-blowing factory. Another of his films shows a man smelling some rocks in order to develop a cave-themed perfume and features 3D shots of paintings of horses and a fertility goddess. One of this man's films includes a search ending in a barrage of arrows, a ship stuck in a tree, and a horde of monkeys, with a soundtrack by the band (*) Popul Vuh. A documentary by this man shows a woman hearing audio of a man getting mauled by a bear, but never plays the audio for the audience. For 10 points, name this eccentric German director of Aguirre, the Wrath of God and Grizzly Man.

Great Depression (anti-prompt

This event is the subject of the book You Have Seen Their Faces, written partially by Erskine Caldwell. A photo taken during this event depicts two men walking down a road next to a billboard reading, "Next time, take the train," and another photograph taken during this event depicts a line of people standing in front of a (*) sign reading "There's no way like the American Way." A third photo from this period shows Florence Owens Thompson, a pea-picker in California. For 10 points, name this period during which Dorothea Lange photographed a "Migrant Mother," an economic downturn resulting from a 1929 stock market crash.

The Shining

This film repeatedly uses Ray Noble's recording of the song "Midnight, the Stars and You," including during the end credits. This film's set includes Room 237 and a ballroom that's too big for its surroundings. Many critics have wrongly stated that a shot in this film is based on a photograph by Diane Arbus. This film used the newly-invented Steadicam for a repeated tracking shot of a Big Wheel (*) tricycle going down a hexagonally-patterned hallways before encountering a pair of twins. In this film, a mirror shows that the word "REDRUM" is MURDER backwards. Jack Nicholson's character goes insane in an empty hotel in—for 10 points—what horror film by Stanley Kubrick?

Citizen Kane

This film's cinematographer, Gregg Toland, pioneered the technique of deep focus, which is used to show its protagonist through a window while his mother gives him up for adoption. This film shows a marriage decaying through a montage of breakfast scenes. This film is framed by the production of a newsreel obituary after its protagonist is found dead in his mansion, (*) Xanadu. The political career of its title character is ruined by an affair with the "singer" Susan Alexander, after ending his career as a media mogul. The final shot of this film shows a sled burning. For 10 points, name this Orson Welles film, whose title character's final word is "Rosebud."

trumpet

This instrument features as a prominent soloist in Alexander Scriabin's The Poem of Ecstasy and it is scored as a soloist along with strings in Shostakovich's First Piano Concerto. J. S. Bach wrote a part for the natural variety of this instrument in his Brandenburg Concerto No. 2, while the development of keys allowed Haydn to write an E-flat concerto for it. Mahler's Fifth Symphony opens with a call on this instrument, for which Jeremiah Clarke wrote a march often known as this instrument's "voluntary." For 10 points, name this valved instrument similar to a cornet, the highest-pitched member of the brass family.

transverse flute

This instrument plays a flurry of thirty-second notes to begin the Allegro malinconico first movement of Poulenc's sonata for it. Marcel Moyse added bar lines to the first solo piece composed for this instrument under the modern Boehm system. This instrument, which plays Debussy's Syrinx, descends from C-sharp to G and then ascends back to C-sharp in the opening to a symphonic poem inspired by (*) Mallarmé. This instrument is the first to play the melody in Boleró, entering two measures after the snare drum. A chromatic solo from this instrument begins Debussy's Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun. For 10 points, name this reedless, transversely-played woodwind that is lower than the piccolo.

violin

This instrument plays ascending sixteenth notes to a final D in a Sibelius work that was described as a "polonaise for polar bears." One set of six sonatas and partitas for this instrument was unusually scored without basso continuo. That work's composer, Bach, also wrote a (*) "double concerto" for this instrument. One virtuoso work for this instrument is nicknamed "The Devil's Laughter." Joseph Joachim wrote a first movement cadenza to a Brahms concerto for this instrument, which is also the highest-pitched instrument in a string quartet. For 10 points, name this string instrument played by Itzhak Perlman and Niccolò Paganini.

French horns

This instrument plays the first notes of Webern's Symphony. Richard Strauss's father, Franz, played and wrote two concerti for it. Richard himself wrote two E-flat major concerti for it and included twenty of them in An Alpine Symphony. Mozart's four concerti for this instrument were recorded by Dennis Brain, and Mozart included two of them in A Musical (*) Joke. The modern form of this instrument actually contains two of them, in B-flat and F. Brahms wrote an E-flat-major trio for it, violin, and piano. They can play louder with "bells up," or they can mute the sound and change the pitch by "stopping" with their hand. For 10 points, name this coiled brass instrument.

oboe

This instrument plays the opening melody of the second movement of Tchaikovsky's fourth symphony, and a request from an American soldier inspired Richard Strauss to write a concerto for it. This instrument represents the call of a quail in Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony and it plays the theme to introduce Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake. Coming in "de caccia" and "d'amore" varieties, this woodwind instrument represents the duck in Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf. For 10 points, name this highest-pitched double-reed woodwind instrument whose concert A is used to tune orchestras before a performance.

blue

This is the most prominent color in a portrait of Angel Fernández de Soto with a glass of absinthe. In one painting in this color, a fully dressed woman on the right holds a baby and stares accusingly at a naked couple on the left. La Vie is mostly in this color, as is a painting in which the title person's shirt is ripped at the left shoulder, his legs are crossed, he stares at the ground, and holds his (*) instrument almost vertically. This is the most prominent color in The Old Guitarist. After his obsession with this color, Picasso began his "Rose" Period. For 10 points, identify this color that Picasso used heavily in his namesake, depressing "[it] Period."

Robert Schumann

This man allegedly turned to composing after his use of a homemade finger strengthening device ended his career as a pianist. One work by this composer includes an A-E flat-C-B phrase encoding the name of his fiancée's hometown of Asch. "The Wild Horseman" and "The Happy Farmer" are titles in this composer's (*) Album for the Young, and this man's first symphony reuses a theme from his Kreisleriana. The final movement of his third symphony was inspired by a visit to a cathedral in Cologne, which is located on the title German river. For 10 points, name this composer of Carnaval and the Rhenish symphony, the husband of Clara Wieck.

I. M. Pei

This man came out of retirement to design a museum, which was influenced by the Ibn Tulun Mosque that sits on a peninsula in Doha, Qatar. One work by this architect used structural expressionism to resemble growing bamboo shoots. Along with the Bank of China Tower, this architect designed the John Hancock Tower, which had problems with(*) windowpanes falling off. This architect designed Cleveland's Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. For 10 points, name this designer of the Louvre's glass pyramid, a Chinese-American architect.

Le Corbusier (accept Le Corb; accept Charles-Édouard Jeanneret-Gris)

This man collaborated with the Greek composer Iannis Xenakis to construct a Dominican monastery at Sainte Marie de la Tourette. Harvard's Carpenter Center is the only example of this man's work in the United States. This man created the (*) Open Hand Monument in Chandigarh, India. Functional roofs, a lack of load-bearing walls, and pilotis are among this man's "five points of architecture," which can be seen in a house he designed in the Paris suburbs supported by 16 thin white beams. For 10 points, name this pseudonymous Swiss-French architect who wrote Towards a New Architecture and designed the Villa Savoye.

Johannes Brahms

This man composed two sonatas for Richard Mühlfield, and he helped Antonin Dvorak gain fame. An extreme perfectionist, this man destroyed many of his early works, and labored over his first symphony for 15 years. This man's last major work was the Four Serious Songs, and the St. Anthony Chorale is the basis for this man's Variations on a Theme of (*) Haydn. A companion piece to the Tragic Overture was composed by this man after receiving an honorary degree from the University of Breslau, which inspired another work. This composer of the Academic Festival Overture wrote a famous lullaby, and his first symphony was nicknamed "Beethoven's Tenth." For ten points, name this Romantic German composer of A German Requiem and a set of 21 Hungarian Dances.

Alexander Calder

This man contrasted three dimensional shapes with a two dimensional whale and sun in his mural for the Stillman House. This artist used wire, cloth, and other household items to create contortionists and lion tamers in his namesake circus, and he used his namesake shade of (*) red in a work commissioned for the Olympic Sculpture Park, as well as a work with two legs in front of the Kluczynski Federal Building in Chicago. This artist of Eagle and Flamingo created a piece that uses sheet metal and wire and is located in the Museum of Modern Art's stairwell. For ten points, what American sculptor created Lobster Trap and Fish Tail as well as several other mobiles?

Francois-Auguste-Rene Rodin

This man created a work depicting a cloaked Honoré de Balzac, and also created a trio of bent-over figures throwing their arms into a circle in his Three Shades. Another one of his works depicts only a torso and legs; that work is his Walking Man. Another of this sculptor's pieces features six men offering themselves as tribute to Edward III to be executed. This man mounted sculptures like Ugolino and his Children and The Kiss on a work containing two massive doors. That work also features a sculpture of a sitting man with his chin resting atop one hand. For 10 points, name this French sculptor of The Gates of Hell and The Thinker.

Frank Lloyd Wright

This man designed a "Solar Hemicycle" for journalist Herbert Jacobs. This architect's affair with Mamah Borthwick eventually forced him to leave Oak Park and design a new studio in Wisconsin. A building designed by this resident of Taliesin mostly withstood the Great Kanto Earthquake and is the Imperial Hotel. This architect used a spiral design for a museum of "Non-Objective Painting" in Manhattan. This man returned to prominence by designing a Pennsylvania residence that cantilevers over a creek. For 10 points, name this architect who designed New York's Guggenheim Museum and Fallingwater.

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

This man designed a building at the Illinois Institute of Technology, the S. R. Crown Hall. A pair of this man's works generated controversy due to their non-functional mullions. This architect of the Lake Shore Drive Towers also designed an iconic chair for his Barcelona Pavilion at the 1929 International Exhibition. Another one of his works rests on 5-foot stilts and features walls comprised almost entirely of glass. This architect of the Farnsworth House designed a building containing the Fours Seasons restaurant in his characteristic International Style, the Seagram Building. For 10 points, name this last director of the Bauhaus school, known for epigrams such as "less is more."

Le Corbusier (accept Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris)

This man designed the Assembly Building and the Palace of Justice, the latter of which contains three distinct walls colored green, yellow, and red. His many Open-Hand sculptures resemble the silhouettes of doves, and a replica of another one of his buildings in Canberra, Australia is colored completely black. That work is supported by ground-level pilotis and utilizes this architect's "Five Points." This planner of the city of Chandigarh designed a white building that features a roof doubling as a garden and a terrace. For 10 points, name this Swiss-French architect of the Villa Savoye and author of Towards a New Architecture.

Ieoh Ming Pei

This man designed the Mesa Laboratory in Boulder to look "carved out of the mountain" and used the Mosqueof Ahmad Ibn Tulun as a model for his Museum of Islamic Art. This architect of the JFK Presidential Library builtthe East Wing of the National Gallery of Art to contrast with the neoclassical design of that building's West Wing.He designed the John Hancock Building in Boston to reflect the color of the sky it faces and also designed the Rockand Roll Hall of Fame and Museum in Cleveland. A building by him in Hong Kong was modeled after bambooshoots. For 10 points, name this Chinese American architect of the Bank of China Tower and a glass pyramid thatsits in front of the Louvre.

Eero Saarinen

This man employed a double-curve form and a reinforced concrete arch in his design of the Ingalls Ice Rink on the campus of Yale University. He designed Knoll's first major hit product, sometimes called "pedestal." This architect's thin-shell concrete buildings include the Kresge Auditorium at MIT. He created the headquarters of CBS, John Deere, IBM, and GM. He created the the main (*) terminal of Dulles and the TWA flight center at JFK. He is best-known for an inverse catenary-shaped structure representing westward expansion in the United States. For 10 points, name this Finnish-American architect who designed the Gateway Arch in St. Louis.

Les Six

This man instructs the performer to play a theme 840 times in his composition Vexations. For 10 points each: [10] Name this French avant-garde composer of "furniture music" such as his Gnossiennes and Gymnopédies.

Moses

This man names an International Gothic sculpture ensemble with a hexagonal base that was commissioned by John the Fearless. He's not Jesus, but the frescoes on the South wall of the Sistine Chapel depict the life of this man. Claus Sluter sculpted this man on a namesake Well. As sculpture of this man now sits in the church of San Pietro in Vincoli. In that sculpture, this man clutches his stomach with his left hand and laces his right fingers in his extremely (*) long beard. Due to a mistranslation in the Vulgate Bible, Michelangelo's Tomb of Julius II included a sculpture of this man with horns. For 10 points, name this Biblical figure that Poussin depicted parting the Red Sea.

Caravaggio

This man painted Medusa's severed head on the concave surface of a ceremonial shield. In one of his paintings, an old woman grips a cloth with both hands and stares fiercely at the title man, while the title girl shrinks back. This man painted a self-portrait as a severed head held by his student Cecco ["CHEH-koh"], in (*) David with the Head of Goliath. This painter's career only lasted about fifteen years, since he had to flee Rome in 1606 after killing a man in a fight. His heavy use of chiaroscuro was one of the formative forces in Baroque painting. For 10 points, name this Italian painter of Judith Beheading Holofernes and The Calling of Saint Matthew.

Edward Hopper

This man painted a Victorian mansion with blue roof and red chimneys, with a red-colored railroad in front of it, entitled House by the Railroad. He painted a green fire hydrant and a barber pole casting a long shadow in from of a red brick building with green storefronts entitled (*) Early Sunday Morning. This artist painted two men in suits and a woman being served in a restaurant adorned by a sign reading "Only 5 cents" beneath an image of a cigar from the "Phillies" company. For 10 points, name this painter of denizens of a diner in Nighthawks.

Édouard Manet

This man painted a girl in blue and white looking at a billow of steam through an iron fence, while her mother, dressed in black, stares at us. In another of his paintings, green shutters frame two women in white dresses, who stare out above a green iron railing. The title pale woman of one of his paintings wears a black choker and an orchid. This painter of The Railway and The (*) Balcony featured Victorine Meurent ["mur-ON"] in a painting whose background includes an "incorrectly large" woman bathing near a rowboat. He scandalized 1863 Paris with a painting of two clothed men having a picnic with a nude woman. For 10 points, name this painter of Luncheon on the Grass and Olympia.

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn

This man painted a golden cherub above a reclining nude who wears floral bracelets in his version of Danae, and six clothmakers wear black hats and read an open book in his work Syndics of the Draper's Guild. More famous works by this artist include a painting that shows seven men peering across the canvas towards a large manual while the main figure works on (*) criminal Aris Kindt, as well as a painting that shows a blue and yellow flag above a young girl hanging a dead chicken from her belt. For ten points, name this artist of The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, who featured the shooting company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq in The Night Watch.

Louis Armstrong

This man performs an instrumental cadenza and sings a wordless chorus in his band's recording of King Oliver's "West End Blues." In 1950, this artist was inspired to record "C'est Si Bon" in America after hearing it at the Nice Jazz Festival. This leader of the Hot Five and Hot Seven inserted his own name into the lyrics of his chart-topping cover of the musical song (*) "Hello, Dolly!". He recorded an early example of scat singing in his 1926 song "Heebie Jeebies." This man raspily sang about "trees of green" and "red roses" in another song. For 10 points, name this jazz trumpeter nicknamed "Satchmo," the singer of "What a Wonderful World."

Frédéric Chopin

This man played his last public concert with Auguste Franchomme, the dedicatee of his G minor cello sonata. A piano work by this composer opens with a fortissimo dominant seventh chord followed by a descending sixteenth-note run in the left hand. Erik Satie's Dessicated Embryos parodies this man's (*) piano sonata number two in B-flat minor, which contains a famous funeral march. A D-flat major work in three-four time by this composer was inspired by a dog chasing its tail, and this man notably wrote a variety of polonaises, nocturnes, and mazurkas. For 10 points, name this Polish composer of the "Revolutionary Etude" and "Minute Waltz".

Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington

This man recorded a piece with Ella Fitzgerald that was used in the movie "Swing Kids" as an entrance passcode. This man personified African rhythm as Madam Zajj in his piece "A Drum is a Woman". This musician, who was known for his "jungle" style, wrote a three movement symphony on African-American history in his suite Black, Brown, & Beige. Billy (*) Strayhorn frequently collaborated with this composer in songs such as "Mood Indigo" and "Take the A Train". For ten points, name this jazz pianist and band leader who wrote, "It Don't Mean a Thing If it Ain't Got That Swing" and earned himself a royal nickname.

Gianlorenzo Bernini

This man sculpted busts of an angelic woman and a screaming man entitled Blessed Soul and Damned Soul. This man, who sculpted David in the process of throwing a stone, also depicted Pluto digging his fingers into the flesh of a girl in (*) The Rape of Proserpina. This artist depicted the Nile, the Danube, the Rio de La Plata and the Ganges in his Fountain of the Four Rivers, while his most famous sculpture depicts a saint on her knees with an angel pointing a spear at her. For 10 points, name this baroque Italian sculptor of The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.

Grant Wood

This man showed himself looking at the viewer as five others watch him paint in Return from Bohemia. This founder of a failed art colony in Stone City also painted a man in a double-breasted red coat lifting back a red curtain, and a teacup lifted by one of three old women in front of Leutze's Washington Crossing the Delaware. This artist of Parson Weems' Fable and Daughters of Revolution also got his sister to pose sternly with his dentist in front of a red barn and a white house. For 10 points, name this Regionalist painter who showed Iowans holding a pitchfork in American Gothic.

Donatello di Niccolo di betto Bardi

This man used a square box with reliefs on each of its four sides as the base for his depiction of Judith beheading Holofernes. He depicted a sick, ragged woman in his wooden sculpture Penitent Magdalene, and his statue of Habacuc was nicknamed Zuccone due to its bald head. One of this sculptor's works is located outside the Basilica of St. Anthony, and features a spurred Erasmo da Narni. Another one of his works is considered the first freestanding male nude made since antiquity, and features an effeminate young man holding a sword while standing over the head of his enemy. For 10 points, name this Renaissance sculptor of the equestrian Gattamelata and a bronze statue of David.

Jean-Louis André Théodore Géricault

This man visited the clinic of his friend Étienne-Jean Georget to paint portraits of the insane, including one of awoman suffering from obsessive envy and another of a kleptomaniac. This artist depicted four horses gallopingacross a green field at the title event, The 1821 Derby at Epsom. In another work, a Napoleonic cavalry officer holdsa saber while atop a rearing horse. This artist of The Charging Chasseur painted a bloodstained hatchet in the rightforeground of his most famous work, which arranges the subjects in a pyramid topped by a man waving a red cloth.For 10 points, name this French artist who painted the aftermath of a sunken frigate in The Raft of the Medusa.

Edward William Elgar

This man wrote a symphony in A-flat whose final movement completes a theme from the first movement marked "nobilmente." His Introduction and Allegro for strings was written polyphonically to reflect the virtuosity of its performers, and a 1965 recording by Jacqueline du Pré launched this composer's Cello Concerto into newfound fame. A poem by Cardinal Newman inspired this man's The Dream of Gerontius, while another work in the form of musical cryptograms includes the "Nimrod" variation. For 10 points, name this English composer of the Enigma Variations and the Pomp and Circumstance Marches.

Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninoff

This man wrote a work that can be sung with just any one vowel, and another one of his pieces begins with a descending A, G-sharp, C-sharp motif. One of this man's works is a choral symphony which quotes the Dies Irae melody and text by Edgar Allen Poe. This composer of Vocalise attempted to depict the oars of Charon on the river Styx in the symphonic poem Isle of the Dead. A more famous one of his works inverts the theme of a certain virtuoso violinist's 24th caprice. For 10 points, name this Russian pianist and composer known for his technically-demanding piano concerti and Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini.

Dmitri (Dmitriyevich) Shostakovich

This man's final symphony contains quotations from operas like Tristan und Isolde and William Tell. This man composed music for the film The Gadfly, and an hour-long standing ovation was given to his fifth symphony, which was written in response to the article (*) "Muddle Instead of Music." This composer used the DSCH motif to represent himself, and he set poems about a massacre of Jews in his thirteenth symphony, the Babi Yar. This man's seventh symphony includes an "invasion theme" and celebrates the defense of the title city against a Nazi force. For 10 points, name this Soviet composer of the Leningrad symphony.

Miles Dewey Davis III

This man's transition away from the post-bop of tracks like "Nefertiti" was marked by the use of electric pianos and other unusual instrumentation on an album which included tracks like "Pharaoh's Dance" and "John McLaughlin". An adaptation of Rodrigo's Concierto de Aranjuez opens a collaboration between this musician and Gil Evans titled (*) Sketches of Spain. This man and Bill Evans disputed the composition of the jazz standard "Blue in Green", which this man included on an album created with a sextet featuring Cannonball Adderley and John Coltrane. For 10 points, name this jazz trumpeter who recorded such tracks as "So What" on his album Kind of Blue.

ceramics

This material was used for several pieces produced in Longquan during the Song Dynasty. Pieces made from it were often decorated using cords of rope. This material was used for "Am I Not a Man And a Brother?" It's mostly made of kaolinite, and types of it include celadon. Asian pieces in this material were imitated by craftsmen in Delft. A kind of it that integrates bone powder was made by Josiah (*) Wedgewood, and it comes in soft- and hard-paste kinds. It's often decorated in blue and white. Qin Shi Huang Di's tomb contains an "army" made of this material, which vitrifies, or turns glassy, at high temperatures. For 10 points, name this material, types of which include terracotta and porcelain.

photography

This medium was used for a series of abstract depictions of clouds, called Equivalents. This medium was used a creepy depiction of Identical Twins from Roselle, New Jersey. The right side of one work in this medium includes the bottom part of a ladder, while in its middle, a rope-covered deck symbolizes the separation of classes. This medium was used for a depiction of a Child with Toy Hand (*) Grenade in Central Park by Diane Arbus. It was used for The Steerage, as well as depictions of a Moonrise in Hernandez, New Mexico, and Moon and Half Dome. For 10 points, name this medium used by Alfred Stieglitz and Ansel Adams.

West Side Story

This musical uses a motif of an ascending [read slowly] D-flat-G-A-flat sung after an encounter at a gym. In a song from this musical, people imitate a policeman and judge, ending with an exclamation to "Krup you!" The composer adapted a suite of "symphonic dances" from it, and one of its songs alternates between 6/8 and 3/4 time as characters argue about whether America or (*) Puerto Rico is better. After a "Rumble," Bernardo is killed by a character in this musical who is later killed by a member of the Sharks. For 10 points, name this musical about Tony and Maria, an adaptation of Romeo and Juliet by Stephen Sondheim and Leonard Bernstein.

(Benjamin David) "Benny" Goodman

This musician premiered Leonard Bernstein's Prelude, Fugue, and Riffs on the television show "The World of Jazz." His band made a landmark performance at the Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles. This man began his collaboration with Fletcher Henderson soon after first appearing on the (*) radio program Let's Dance. This musician performed at Chicago "Rhythm Club" concerts with a trio that included pianist Teddy Wilson and drummer Gene Krupa. This musician's band played an instrumental version of "Sing, Sing, Sing (With a Swing)" at a major 1938 concert in Carnegie Hall. For 10 points, name this "King of Swing," a jazz musician who played the clarinet.

Charlie Parker (accept "Yardbird" or "Bird" before "Yardbird" is read; prompt afterward)

This musician titled one composition after his drug dealer, "Moose the Mooche." A chord progression named after this man is prominently used in his "Blues for Alice." Max Roach played drums in this man's namesake quintet, and he was backed by a classical orchestra on an album titled after him with Strings. This musician used Ray Noble's song (*) "Cherokee" as inspiration for his own piece, "Ko-ko." This jazz musician wrote the songs "Billy's Bounce" and "Ornithology," and he recorded the standard "Yardbird Suite." For 10 points, name this alto saxophonist, a founder of bebop who was nicknamed "Bird."

Pierre-Auguste Renoir

This non-Fragonard artist rented a cottage so he could observe a place Montmartre he was observing for a painting, during which he painted a girl named Jeanne in The Swing. While living at Claude Monet's garden in Argenteuil, this artist created a portrait of Monet painting there, as well as Girl with a Watering Can. Couples (*) dance on the left as a number of socialites gossip in the foreground in this artist's Dance at Moulin de la Galette. A woman makes a kissing motion at a dog in a painting by this artist that shows Gustave Caillebotte relaxing at a busy table on a balcony. For 10 points, name this painter of Luncheon of the Boating Party.

D

This note's Dorian mode contains only white keys on the piano. This note's major key was "the key of glory" forBaroque trumpets until the invention of the valve trumpet. The entirety of The Art of Fugue is written in this note'sminor key, as is the first movement of Sibelius' violin concerto. Tchaikovsky, Brahms, and Beethoven all wrotetheir violin concertos in this note's major key. Mozart's Requiem and the beginning of Beethoven's NinthSymphony are set in this note's minor key. This note's natural minor scale contains only B-flat, and its major scalecontains F-sharp and C-sharp. For 10 points, name this musical note after which Pachelbel titled a Canon, a wholestep above C.

Mt. Fuji

This object is depicted in one work above a sailboat with a group of black birds landing on a nearby shore. Another depiction of this location shows a traveler's papers tossed by the wind. The most famous depiction of this object sees it dwarfed by a rising, curling indigo-and-Prussian blue item to its left about to crash, and that print was included in a series of(*) Thirty-Six Views of [this location]. For 10 points, name this mountain, seen in works of Okuhara, Kataoka and Katsushika Hokusai ["HO-coo-Sigh"], including The Great Wave off Kanagawa.

the Ring of the Nibelungs

This object's theme consists of descending A minor thirds for four notes, which then reverse and ascend. A four-minute E-flat drone begins an opera titled for this object. The character who creates this object is forced to renounce love by some river-maidens. After this object and Tarnhelm are stolen, the (*) "Death-Curse" motif is first heard. A fight over it leaves Hagen drowned and causes the rest of the gods to die in an inferno. A giant who possesses this object turns into a dragon. This object is created by the dwarf Alberich in The Rhinegold. For 10 points, name this object which titles an operatic cycle including Siegfried and The Valkyrie by Richard Wagner.

The Magic Flute

This opera contains a choral recitation of the hymn "Oh God, look down from heaven." In this opera, three ladies padlock the mouth of a bird catcher who is later given a set of bells that are used before the "Stutter Duet." In this work, the priest (*) Sarastro requires a prince to complete several trials, and one soprano must hit several high F's in the aria "Der Holle Rache". This opera centers on a quest to rescue Pamina whose power-seeking mother is the Queen of the Night. For 10 points, name this Wolfgang Mozart singspiel opera that sees Tamino play the title enchanted instrument.

Carmen

This opera is based off of a novella by Prosper Mérimée. At one point in the story, the title character of that novella is fascinated by another character's repeating watch. The overture for this opera contains an excerpt of a major character's theme: "Votre toast, je peux [puh] vous [vu] le rendre." That character is (*) Escamillo. Earlier in this opera, after cigarette girls emerge from a factory and banter with the young men in a crowd, the title character introduces herself while singing "L'amour est un oiseau rebelle." For 10 points, name this opera, composed by Georges Bizet, which follows the seduction of Don José by the title gypsy.

Tristan und Isolde

This opera's Act III prelude is followed by a long English horn solo depicting a shepherd's pipe. The premiere of this opera supposedly killed the Heldentenor Ludwig Schnorr. In Act II of this opera, the main characters decide that death, the night, and love are all basically the same thing. In this opera's final act, (*) Kurwenal attacks Melot. The unusual spelling "F, B, D-sharp, G-sharp" forms this opera's namesake chord. It ends with the second title character singing "Mild und leise," her "Liebestod." In this opera, Brangäne gives a love potion to the title characters, one of whom is killed by King Mark. For 10 points, name this opera by Richard Wagner about a pair of lovers.

Jan van Eyck

This painter depicted a man wearing a large fur hat and holding a tiny flower. He also depicted baby Jesus holding a globe attached to a cross while sitting on Mary's lap. Along with his Portrait of a Man with a Carnation and Madonna of Chancellor Rolin, this artist created a 12-panel painting with his brother. That work, the (*) Ghent Altarpiece, features a lamb in its center. His most famous painting shows a man in a dark cloak holding the hand of a seemingly pregnant woman wearing green. For ten points, name this Flemish painter of The Arnolfini Wedding.

(Eugène Henri) Paul Gauguin

This painter depicted his fourteen year-old girlfriend lying face down in front of a figure in all black in his Spirit of the Dead Watching. He was inspired by Japanese woodcuts in a work depicting a crowd of women in white hats observing the title event. One of this artist's paintings is meant to be read from (*) right to left to answer the three title questions. This artist showed Jacob wrestling an angel in Vision After the Sermon, and he painted the crucifixion in 19th century France in his Yellow Christ. For 10 points, name this French-born painter of Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? who spent a lot of time in Tahiti.

Thomas Eakins

This painter painted a portrait of one of his pupils, Amelia Van Buren. He painted two men walking behind a boxer who waves to an audience in his Salutat. Another one of his paintings shows a man in a boat floating on the Schuylkill River. Along with Max Schmitt in a Single Scull, one of his most famous paintings shows the title (*) doctor lecturing a group of students. This artist included himself in a painting that features six nude boys swimming outdoors. For 10 points, name this realist painter of The Swimming Hole and The Gross Clinic.

Jackson Pollock

This painter was the one most prominently championed by Clement Greenberg. He heavily relied on mythological themes and Jungian analysis for his paintings Guardians of the Secret and The She Wolf. This man was prominently photographed working by (*) Hans Namuth, and he was married to Lee Krasner. This artist took a line from The Tempest to title his painting "Full Fathom Five." He pioneered "action painting" in his paintings Lavender Mist and No. 5, 1948, which are frequently criticized for their splatter-like composition. For 10 points, name this Abstract Expressionist nicknamed "Jack the Dripper."

The Night Watch

This painting's lighting was altered by a coating with a dark varnish that was only removed in the 1940s, when it was rolled up and stored during World War II. This painting was cut down in order to fit between two columns, resulting in the drum of the drummer on the right being cut off. A dead chicken hangs from the belt of a (*) little girl in a dress this painting. The bright yellow clothes of the man at this painting's center contrast with the dark dress of the men bearing arquebuses, pikes, and other arms around him. For 10 points, name this depiction of a militia by Rembrandt.

"1812 Overture"

This piece in E flat major borrows a melody from the composer's earlier opera The Voyevoda and it uses chromatic runs during the repetition of the piece's motifs. The folk-tune "At the Gate" is reprised several times in this piece and its finale sees the entrance of a brass band. Solo violas and cellos play the (*) Russian hymn "O Lord, Save Thy People" in this piece. As the French national anthem "La Marseillaise" is overtaken by the Russian anthem, live cannons are called to fire. For 10 points, name this piece that commemorates Napoleon's retreat in the title year, a piece by Tchaikovsky.

The Four Seasons

This piece uses eleven bars of pizzicato and thirty second notes to create different types of rain. Jean-Jacques Rousseau arranged a flute solo for this work, which was released in 1725 with accompanying sonnets. In one part of this work, a viola plays "always forte" to replicate the barking of the goatherd's dog while another part of this work depicts a (*) sleeping shepherd. Cuckoo calls and drunken dances are imitated in this work, which is included in its composer's Contest Between Harmony and Invention. For 10 points, name this set of four violin concertos by Antonio Vivaldi which includes "Spring" and "Winter."

Canon in D major

This piece's most famous recording was made by Jean-François Paillard. The cello typically replaces the continuo in the bass for modern performances in this piece, which is technically a chaconne or passacaglia and is paired with a gigue in its original form. This piece was gradually re-popularized by film scores in the 1970s and 80s, most famously in (*) Ordinary People. This piece repeats its eight-note ground bass theme twenty-eight times, over which three violins play the melody in the key of D major. For 10 points, name this most famous composition by Johann Pachelbel.

The Carnival of the Animals

This piece's second movement begins with six fast repeated notes, followed by a grace note that leaps up a perfect fifth. In one of its movements, the two violins trade off three-note phrases that go from an extremely high E down to the G string. This piece includes a fughetta on "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star." This piece uses no brass instruments, one clarinet and one flute, two pianos, and a (*) glass harmonica. This piece includes a hilariously slow quotation of Offenbach's "Can-Can," and uses a xylophone to quote its own composer's Danse macabre in the movement "Fossils." For 10 points, name this suite by Camille Saint-Saëns, which includes "Aviary," "Aquarium," and "The Swan."

Pastoral Symphony

This piece's third movement ends abruptly on an imperfect cadence, leading directly into the fourth movement without a pause. The cellos split in this work's second movement, some playing a pizzicato melody with the double basses and others joining the rest of the strings in a flowing water motif in the (*) Scene by the Brook. This symphony's third movement scherzo is entitled "Merry Gathering of Country Folk", and its fourth movement uses the parallel minor to depict a thunderstorm. Sights and sounds of nature are depicted in, for 10 points, what sixth symphony by Ludwig von Beethoven?

The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa

This sculpture is accompanied by sets of four sculpted heads in niches on the left and right walls perpendicular to it, showing the reactions of its patrons to the scene. This sculpture is framed by an aedicule with six dark marble columns and a white triangular roof. This sculpture behind the altar of the Cornaro chapel also contains bronze rays representing streams of light, hanging down from its top. On the left of this Baroque sculpture's central white-marble cloud, a young angel stands holding an arrow. For 10 points, name this Bernini sculpture depicting the vision of an open-mouthed, reclining nun.

Acropolis of Athens

This site was home to the first building specifically designed to hold paintings. The entrance to this location inspired Carl Langhans' design for the Brandenburg Gate. Six statues of women called caryatids support the roof of a south porch here which named for an early king, and metopes on another building at this location depict centaurs. This complex is entered through the Propylaea and contains the Erecththeion. The Elgin Marbles were stolen from a building at this location that housed an ivory and gold statue of Athena by Phidias. For 10 points, name this hill in Athens on which the Parthenon sits.

Gothic architecture

This style introduced the use of liernes and tiercerons. As this style evolved, the tribune disappeared in favor of the triforium. Many works in this style were preserved by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc. It briefly experimented with sexpartite vaults. This style was pioneered at Saint Denis by Abbot (*) Suger. It is often divided into periods including "Rayonnant" and "Flamboyant." It uses pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses to allow for huge stained glass windows. For 10 points, name this architectural style that succeeded the Romanesque and was used at Chartres and Notre Dame in Paris.

Messiah

This work adapts material from the Songs of the Suffering Servant in its longest section, "He was despised." Word painting occurs in this work when the word "mountain" is sung on a high note in the section "Ev'ry valley shall be exalted," and a purely instrumental section of this work called the (*) Pifa is one of two that does not contain lyrics written by Charles Jennens. The composer of this work reportedly "saw the face of God" while writing one part in which the audience customarily stands and which includes the line "he shall reign for ever and ever." For 10 points, name this oratorio by George Frederic Handel, which includes the "Hallelujah" chorus.

A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte - 1884

This work features three dogs, and the one projected farthest into the background has a white body with a russet head and patch on its left flank. The upper left corner of this painting shows a boat carrying four red-hatted male rowers. In an earlier painting by the same artist, members of the working class lie on the opposite bank of the (*) river that appears in this painting; that work is Bathers at Asnières. A woman carrying a parasol has a monkey on a leash in this painting. For 10 points, name this pointillist painting depicting the Parisian bourgeoisie relaxing on a river bank, by Georges Seurat.

The Rite of Spring (or Le Sacre du printemps or Vesna svyashchennaya)

This work incorporates music from a traditional circle dance called "Khorovod" in its "Rounds" section. This work features syncopated E-flat dominant seventh chords in one section and later transitions to the "Procession of the Sage". Several Lithuanian folk songs are quoted in this work's first part entitled (*) "Adoration of the Earth" which opens with a bassoon playing above high C. Chords spelling out the word "dead" follow a scene entitled "Sacrificial Dance" in this ballet where a girl's neck is snapped during a pagan ritual. For 10 points, name this ballet written by Igor Stravinsky that caused a riot at its Paris premiere.

Portrait of Madame X

This work's subject wears a diamond crescent on her head to evoke the huntress Diana. Exhibited in the Paris Salon of 1884, this painting's subject originally wore a dress with a strap sliding down before public backlash forced the creator of this work to paint it back on. The namesake figure of this painting boasts extremely pale (*) skin and a haughty, aristocratic expression. The mysteriously named central character of this portrait was really a New Orleans-born socialite named Virginie Gautreau. For ten points, name this work depicting a lady of high society by John Singer Sargent.

"Rhapsody in Blue"

This work's success led Walter Damrosch to commission a piano concerto by this work's composer. Ross Gorman improvised a famous section of this work. Ferde Grofe wrote the orchestration for this piece, and Paul Whiteman commissioned this piece to be performed at Aeolian Hall during the concert "An Experiment in Modern Music." This piece written for solo piano and orchestra was partially inspired by a train ride to Boston and opens with a seventeen note clarinet glissando. For 10 points, name this chromatically-named composition by George Gershwin.

string quartet

Though not a violin sonata, the first work of this type by Leos Janacek ["YAH-nah-check"] was inspired by Leo Tolstoy's novella "The Kreutzer Sonata." A C-minor six chord at the beginning of one of these pieces by Mozart gives it its namesake "Dissonance," while the DSCH motif begins another example of this work dedicated "to the victims of fascism and war," the (*) eighth by Shostakovich. A high E held by the violin represents imminent deafness in Smetana's work of this type called "From My Life," and Dvorak's residence in Iowa inspired an "American" one of these pieces. For 10 points, name this type of work written for two violins, a viola, and a cello.

Jean Sibelius (or Johan Julius Christian Sibelius)

Three quiet E minor chords in this composer's last string quartet inspired its nickname, Voces intimae. Serge Koussevitzky wished to premiere this man's eighth symphony, but he destroyed it instead. This man's second symphony was written in Rapallo, Italy, though he mainly composed at his home, Ainola. A (*) cadenza replaces the development in the first movement of this man's D minor violin concerto. An English horn symbolizes the title bird in another of this man's works, the second of four tone poems depicting a hero from the Kalevala. For 10 points, name this composer of The Swan of Tuonela who names the only music university in Finland.

Venus (accept Aphrodite, though every single artwork is named after the Roman goddess; accept Birth of Venus (by Cabanel, Bouguereau, or Botticelli), Venus of Willendorf, or Venus de Milo)

Théophile Gautier derisively nicknamed the Salon of 1863 after this figure due to examples of Academic art showing this figure like the one by Alexandre Cabanel, or a later one by William-Adolphe Bouguereau. Several Paleolithic figurines are named after this figure, such as the one found at (*) Willendorf, and a Greek peasant discovered a statue of this figure missing its arms on the island of Milos. A Renaissance painting shows an attendant rushing to clothe the title figure as she stands in a seashell. For 10 points, name this goddess whose "Birth" is shown in a Sandro Botticelli painting.

Parthenon

To avoid obscuring this non-American building, other buildings in the city typically do not surpass twelve floors in height. This building has a curved-in ceiling and floor to negate the optical illusion of them bowing outwards. The alternating triglyphs and metopes above the architrave are elements of the (*) Ionic order, while the bare columns suggest a Doric order. The pediment of this building contained sculptures now in the British Museum, called the Elgin Marbles, while the internal cella housed a large statue of Athena, which was the namesake of this building. For 10 points, name this ancient temple on the Acropolis in Athens.

The Burial of the Count of Orgaz

To the right of this work, a staff topped by a miniature figure of gold crucified on a translucent cross rises from behind a balding parish priest's shoulder. To the left, a figure in yellow dangles two keys. The composition of this painting is halved horizontally into (*) "earthly" and "heavenly" portions. The artist's young son stands to the left of this painting with a handkerchief displaying the artist's signature, pointing towards the title action being conducted by Saints Augustine and Steven. For 10 points, name this masterpiece depicting the entombment of a Spanish nobleman, a work by by El Greco.

Grant Wood

Two bathing women can be seen in the bottom right corner of one of this artist's works, which centers on a young man's reaction to that scene. He also depicted a woman in a red and white woolen cap holding a hen in his Appraisal. This artist of Arnold Comes of Age painted a man pulling back a curtain to reveal a young George Washington chopping down his father's cherry tree in Parson Weems' Fable. Another work by this artist features three cross-dressing men in front of a recreation of Washington Crossing the Delaware. A more famous work by this artist features his sister and pitchfork-holding dentist in front of a white house. For 10 points, name this artist of Daughters of Revolution and American Gothic.

The Barber of Seville

Two characters in this opera sneak onto a balcony with a ladder, but find it missing when they try to leave, causing them to bribe an approaching man to be witnesses to a marriage contract. At the end of the first act of this opera, the Officer of the Watch refuses to arrest a man pretending to be a drunken (*) soldier. That character later impersonates a music teacher, claiming that Don Basilio is sick. In the aria "Largo al factotum," the title character agrees to help a man disguised as Lindoro. For 10 points, Figaro helps Count Almaviva win the hand of Rosina in what comic opera by Gioachino Rossini?

Thomas Gainsborough

Two lambs are separated from the title vehicle in this artist's The Harvest Wagon. Bulls drink water from a stream while a lady rides a white horse in his Road from Market. Another one of his paintings shows a dog looking up at a man holding a rifle next to his wife. In addition to (*) Mr. and Mrs. Andrews, his most famous painting features Jonathan Buttall putting his hand on his hip while he wears the title color. For 10 points, name this English painter of The Blue Boy.

Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez

Two of this man's paintings depicting an empty place at a table left for the viewer, The Lunch and The Farmer's Lunch, are nearly identical. Another of his paintings features an old woman frying eggs in a pot. This artist featured Titian's The Rape of Europa on a tapestry in a work that depicts the myth of Ariadne. He also painted a woman lying on a bed with her back turned to the viewer in another work, where the woman's face is only visible in a mirror held by Cupid. This artist painted himself standing in the doorway of a painting that features the attendants of the Infanta Margarita. For 10 points, name this artist of the Rokeby Venus and Las Meninas.

American Gothic

Two potted plants lie under green blinds at the left of this painting, which depicts a church steeple rising abovetrees in the distant background. A white house in the center of this painting features an arched window with apatterned black curtain. A red barn is visible behind the left shoulder of one of this painting's subjects. That manwears glasses and overalls, and the woman standing next to him in this painting wears a colonial print apron. Dr.Byron McKeeby and Nan, the artist's dentist and sister, served as models for this work. For 10 points, name thispainting depicting a farmer holding a pitchfork and his daughter, a work of Grant Wood.

The School of Athens

Two putti in this painting bear phrases that state "To each is what is due" and "Seek knowledge of causes." This painting hangs in the Stanza della Segnatura across from its artist's La Disputa. The artist of this painting can be seen in it standing next to (*) Zoroaster while staring at the viewer. In this work, a man with Leonardo da Vinci's face holds a copy of Timaeus while pointing his finger up. For 10 points, name this Raphael painting which depicts several intellectuals from the title city.

Appalachian Spring

Unison A-major arpeggios in the strings open the second section of this piece, which is marked allegro. This composition was originally scored for just a thirteen-player chamber orchestra, including a double string quartet. In a movement called "The Revivalist and his Flock" in this ballet, a (*) newlywed couple observes a sermon accompanied by square dances and country fiddles. In this ballet, pioneers build a Pennsylvania farmhouse, and this ballet includes a solo clarinet playing the Shaker melody "Simple Gifts". For 10 points, name this 1944 American ballet and orchestral suite composed by Aaron Copland.

Ella (Jane) Fitzgerald

Verve Records was founded to release albums by this musician. This musician included a Charlie Parker-infused version of "How High the Moon" in a 1960 Berlin concert at which this artist improvised lyrics like "Oh what's the next chorus / to this song now?" for "Mack the Knife." This artist devoted albums to Cole Porter, Duke Ellington, and Irving Berlin as part of her series of Great American Songbook recordings. She recorded two albums with Louis Armstrong titled [Her] and Louis, as well as a 1938 recording of (*) "A-Tisket A-Tasket." For 10 points, name this "First Lady of Song," a jazz singer known for her scat singing.

George Gershwin

Vi asks if anyone knows where Joe is in this man's one-act opera, Blue Monday. One of this man's songs has the refrain, "Who could ask for anything more?" Along with "I Got Rhythm," one work by this composer expresses a feeling of homesickness by introducing the (*) blues. The first movement of this composer's Concerto in F features blasts from the timpani. Another work by this composer premiered at "An Experiment in Modern Music" and opens with a clarinet glissando. For 10 points, name this composer of An American in Paris and Rhapsody in Blue.

trumpet

Vivaldi wrote a Concerto in C for two of the "natural" variety of these instruments. Haydn celebrated the first chromatic version of this instrument by composing an E flat concerto for it. More modern versions of this instrument include (*) Dizzy Gillespie's "bent" one. Chet Baker played this instrument in his ballad "My Funny Valentine". This instrument's complex riffs are featured on "So What", the opening track for the album "Kind of Blue". For 10 points, name this instrument played by Miles Davis and Louis Armstrong.

bowls of fruit

Warning: description acceptable. In an 1893 painting, one of these objects was depicted alongside "drapery" and a "pitcher" or a rideau and a cruchon. Picasso created a collage depicting a violin, a bottle, and one of these objects. A knocked-over one of these objects sits on white cloth below the five women in Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. One of these objects sits between two bottles at the center of Matisse's (*) Harmony in Red. A maid holds another of these objects on that painting's right side, giving it the title The Dessert. These objects are the most frequent subject of Cézanne's still lifes. For 10 points, name these objects that contain apples, pears, or oranges.

string quartets

Webern's Opus 28 is in this genre, and he wrote Five Movements and Six Bagatelles in it. A work in this genre includes a "Holy song of thanksgiving" written after recovering from an illness, while another includes the epigram "Must it be?—It must be! It must be!" Two earlier works in this genre use a "Thème Russe," and are part of a set of three from Beethoven's middle period. Beethoven's very last works, including a (*) Grosse Fuge, were in this genre. Beethoven wrote sixteen works in this genre, with nicknames like "Serioso," "Harp," and "Razumovsky." For 10 points, name this chamber ensemble composed of two violins, a viola, and a cello.

James Abbott McNeill Whistler

When this artist wrote critical letters to his enemies, his signature gained a scorpion's tail. One of his works depicts a red-haired woman sitting with two darkly-dressed men in front of the bustling activity of barges on the Thames; that work is Wapping. Another one of his works was likened to (*) "flinging a pot of paint in the public's face," inflaming him to pursue a libel case with the critic John Ruskin. To simulate feathers, he repeated an Asian wave pattern across the ceiling of The Peacock Room. For 10 points, name this American artist who painted Nocturne in Black and Gold: Falling Rocket and Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, also known as [This Artist's] Mother.

Franz Joseph Liszt

While this composer performed a work of his dedicated to Schumann, Johannes Brahms fell asleep. In works like "What one hears on the mountain," this composer pioneered a new orchestral form intended to make the listener imagine dramatic scenes. The third of this composer's Dreams of Love was modeled in the style of Chopin. Another work by this inventor of the(*) symphonic poem is a Paganini-inspired work called La Campanella. For 10 points, name this composer of the Hungarian Rhapsodies, whose piano playing created a namesake "mania."

columns

William Railton designed one of these edifices surrounded by four bronze lions, which contains an inlaid bronze depiction of the Battle of Cape Saint Vincent. Another of these, which had a figure of Saint Peter added to it in the 1300s, depicts a siege of Dacia and was built at Apollodorus of Damascus's behest. Seventeen cast-iron rhomboid modules form an Endless one honoring Romania's war dead, by Brancusi. These structures honor Horatio Nelson and Trajan. Composite and Tuscan are two "orders" of these structures, whose capital looks frilly in examples of their Corinthian order for them. For 10 points, name these supports which hold up the Supreme Court's roof.

Eero Saarinen

With Florence Knoll, this man designed a building alternatively known as "The Black Rock." He placed thin slitsin the otherwise windowless brick cylinder to let light into one building, and he experimented with floating acoustic"clouds" in another. This architect of the MIT Chapel and Kresge Auditorium also incorporated wing-like structuresin the TWA Flight Center at JFK International Airport and designed the Washington Dulles Airport. Equilateraltriangles form the two bases of another of this man's designs, an inverted catenary curve on the west bank of theMississippi River. For 10 points, name this Finnish-American architect of the St. Louis Gateway Arch.

Ansel Adams

With Mary Hunter Austin, this artist compiled much of his work at New Mexico into a book that features a piece with crosses resting atop mud dwellings. In that book, Taos Pueblo, this artist used a technique he developed with Fred Archer that creates eleven different levels of exposure, known as the (*) Zone System. This man, who took photos of young Japanese children saluting at the Manzanar internment camp, cofounded f/64["f-stop-64"] with other photographers. For ten points, name this American photographer who took Moon Over Half Dome and several other photos at Yosemite.

piano sonatas by Ludwig van Beethoven

[MODERATOR, please read aloud to teams: "Both type of work and composer required."]One of these works by this composer ends with a movement containing a three-voice fugue featuring ascendingfourths in the main theme. András Schiff gave a series of lectures on this set of works, which Hans von Bülowdescribed as "the New Testament" of music. Another of these works by this composer alternates betweenarpeggiated chords and staccato to depict the title storm, "the Tempest." In another of these works by this composerin c-sharp minor, the damper pedal is to be sustained for the entire first movement. For 10 points, name these thirtytwopieces for a solo keyboard instrument that include "Pathétique" and "Moonlight," written by the composer ofthe "Eroica" and "Choral" symphonies.

(Wilhelm) Richard Wagner

[NOTE TO MODERATOR: Please make sure to read the words in {braces} slowly.]

canons

[Note to moderator: Please read the sequence of numbers in the second sentence slowly]An example of the "crab" kind of these pieces was inspired by a theme by Frederick the Great and included in The Musical Offering. One of these works is written over a ground bass with 28 repetitions of the chord progression "1 5 6 3 4 1 4 5". Every third variation of the Goldberg Variations is this type of piece. Despite its name, Bach's Art of Fugue includes four of this other type of contrapuntal composition. A simple type of these pieces in which the voices all enter on the same note is called a round. For 10 points, name this type of musical composition whose most famous example is a D major work by Johann Pachelbel.

Antonin Dvorak's Symphony No. 9 in E minor, (do not need "symphony" and "Dvorak" after they are mentioned in the question; also accept "From the New World")

[Note to moderator: read the notes in italics slowly and pause slightly at the plus signs (+)] The composer of this piece made the tempo marking for its second movement slower after seeing Anton Seidl conduct its premiere. The final movement of this piece opens with strings playing a long-short B-C figure faster and faster before the brass introduce the first theme of E(+)-F sharp-G-F sharp(+)-E-E. This piece was written during the same period as its composer's twelfth (*) string quartet and B minor cello concerto, and an English horn solo from its second movement Largo was adapted into the spiritual "Going Home." For 10 points, name this final symphony by Antonin Dvorak, which was inspired by his time in America.

Peter and the Wolf (or Petya i volk)

[Note to moderator: read the notes in italics slowly and pause slightly at the plus signs (+)] This piece was commissioned by Natalya Sats and was completed in just four days. One theme in this work has the strings play the ascending sequence G(+)-C-E-G-A before descending back to G. A passage involving the (*) oboe and flute represents an argument between two birds, and a muted oboe portion at the end of this work implies a character's death. Bassoons represent an old grandfather in this piece, while the cat is represented by a clarinet, and strings and French horns represent the two title characters. For 10 points, name this work meant to teach children about musical instruments, a work of Sergei Prokofiev.