FIrst Institute Quiz 1

Raster images

"Bitmap images" - made up of pixels Resolution dependent (quality of image is dependent on number of pixels) Best for photographs

JPEG

(16.7 million colors) with a relatively small file size. Joint Photographic Experts Group Lossy image file Normally used to store photos and other images Most widely used image file format

What is Aperture?

(F number = focal distance) - how much light is being let in

What is Shutter speed?

(e.g.,1/20, 1/100, etc.) - how long the light is being let in

Graphic user interface (GUI)

(gooey) lets you use your mouse to click icons, buttons, and menus

Size of an image is measured by the pixels in an image

(high resolution = larger size)

Dehaze

A tool in photoshop in lightroom is used to enhance or remove atmospheric haze from a photograph

Vibrance

Alters less saturated color (muted tones)

Exposure

Brightness and darkness of scene

When is it appropriate to shoot in JPEG vs. RAW?

CASUAL VS PROFESSIONAL

Contrast

Changes highlight and shadow difference (pushes away from midtones; everything that is not your highlights or shadows)

File

Common storage unit

ZIP

Compressed file Compressing file can be useful if you need to reduce size of file for sharing or uploading Compress = right click doc and "compress [name of document]" Uncompress = open zip attachment ("double click") / download

Digital color images RED, BLUE, GREEN (RBG)

Computers cannot produce yellow

Random Access Memories (RAM)

Computers short term memory, used to run programs and files

Saturation

Controls all colors within an image (globally)

What does the FORMAT do?

DELETE/WIPE

Digital image

Digital representation of visual image

What is ISO?

Film Speed (how sensitive to light) Speed of which film gets exposed Higher number = "grainier" the imager Lower number = less grain

Subfolder

Folder within folder

Stacks

Groups similar documents and images together

Highlights

Highlighted bits in an image *** when GUI hovers over what we are altering on lightroom classic, histogram will be highlighted***

Folder

Holds one or more files (Create: CMD-SHFT- N)

Metadata

Information/specs ("secret info" e.g., copyright, color space, resolution, pixels, file size, GPS location, etc.) associated with an image Right click "more info" on image to retrieve

Software

Is the code and set of instructions that can be stored and run by hardware (i.e., Applications)

Digital images formats

JPEG, TIFF, PNG, RAW

BACK UP FILES ALWAYS!

Keep multiple copies in multiple locations (e.g., external hard drive, cloud storage, physical backup [e.g., USB drive]) Do not make copies of copies Back up regularly

Naming Conventions GO-BY

Keeping name short and concise Clear and descriptive language Date, project name Avoid special characters or spaces

How is the information about a digital image stored?

METADATA

Vector images

Made up of lines and curves Resolution independent (can be scaled up and down without losing quality) Best for logos, icons, and other graphics that need to be resized frequently

Operating system (OS)

Manages all the hardware and software on the computer

Higher bit depth

More Color

Clipping

No information (either all black or all whites)

File management

Organize and keep track of files Creating a logical and consistent folder structure Good idea to establish naming convention (e.g., date, name of project, brief description)

Tint

Overall warmness and coolness (goes hand in hand with temperature)

Editing Mistakes

Oversaturation Zero saturation Overdoing the details Overexposing/underexposing Bad composition

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Performs arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input and output operations

PPI

Pixels Per Image

PNG

Portable Network Graphics (e.g., logos or icons) Lossless image file Commonly used to store images with transparent backgrounds (e.g., logos and icons) Results in smaller file sizes than TIFF Popular choice for web graphics

RAW

Proprietary image file format used in digital cameras to store unprocessed image data Not compressed Lossy file format "Digital negatives"

Lossless compression

Reduces size of file without eliminating original data

Lossy Compression

Reduces the size of the file while discarding some of the original data

Compression

Reducing the size of a digital file (lossy and lossless)

Resolution - refers to the number of pixels in an image (higher resolution = more detail)

Refers to the number of pixels in an image (higher resolution = more detail)

Why is file size important?

STORAGE, USAGE, QUALITY

S.M.A.R.T. Goals

Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic/Relevant, Timed/Time-bound

Drive (internal/external/optical)

Stores information; several types (optical = blue ray discs)

TIFF

Tagged Image File Format - used to store high quality images, such as those used in printing, etc. Lossless image file File sizes are larger Popular choice for professional photographers and graphics designers

What is Exposure?

The amount of light/darker on the sensor/images

Pixels

Tiny dots of color (create image)

Solid State Drive (SDD)

Uses flash memory to store and access data (access data instantly)

Hard Drive Disk (HDD)

Uses small moving parts to obtain on a spinner platter (cost effective - slower)

Temperature

Warmness of an image (cool/warm)

Clarity

Works similarly to texture

Texture

Adds contrast to your highlights and shadows