Flight planning performance
To maintain a given angle of attack, configuration and altitude at higher gross mass
An increase in airspeed and power is required
Location of the center of pressure moves backwards when
Angle of attack decreases
Center of gravity close to aft limit
Improves maximum range
Max flight time
Low mass
Pitching moment when CL=0
Negative (nose down)
Large flaps
Reduce stalling speed and increase drag
The load factor in a turn in level flight and constant tas depends on?
The bank angle only
The four forces acting in level flight (lift, weight, thrust, drag) act through
The center of gravity
What will increase the load factor on a plane?
Vertical gusts
With the Center of gravity on the aft limit, the wing lift required...
Will be less
What decreases the maximum ground distance during a glide with zero thrust?
A headwind with constant aeroplane mass
A lower airspeed at constant mass and altitude requires...
A higher coefficient if lift
When flying backside of thrust curve
A lower airspeed requires more thrust (because of increased drag)
Induced drag of an aeroplane at constant mass and altitude is greatest?
At VSO
If the weight of the aircraft is increased, the max lift to drag ratio will remain the same but occur at a higher speed.
At the highest value of the lift/drag ratio, the total drag is lowest T/F
How does increase in altitude affect x and y?
Both decrease
At a TAS how does air density affect lift and drag?
Both increase
At what point do lift and drag come together?
Center of pressure
The point where the single resultant aerodynamic force acts on a aerofoil is:
Center of pressure
What has an effect on angle of descent in a glide?
Configuration and angle of attack
Best rate of climb at constant mass with altitude
Decreases because if air density
Moving center of gravity aft
Decreases induced drag and reduces power required
Acceleration in climb
Decreases rate of climb and angle (lower the nose)
Tailwind effect on time to climb?
Does not change
Air loads on horizontal rail plane of an aeroplane in straight and level cruise are directed:
Downwards and reduce in magnitude as the center of gravity moves aft.
Why a requirement for approach climb gradient?
Engine failure go around time
A headwind component with altitude
Has no effect on rate of climb
The lift to drag ratio determines...
Horizontal glide diatmace from a given altitude at zero wind and zero thrust
Bernoulli's theorem states
In a streamline flow of fluid, the sum of all energies is a constant
Intersection of the thrust available and the drag curve are the operating postings of the plane....
In unaccelerated level flight
Define climb gradient
Increase of altitude to horizontal air distance expressed as a %
How will a decrease in temperature affect plane's performance?
Increase of the climb gradient
A headwind will
Increase the climb flight path angle
Effect of increase mass on rate of climb speed?
Increases
With increased altitude at constant gross mass, angle of attack and configuration, the power required....
Increases and the TAS increases by the same %
A constant headwind
Increases the angle of descent flight path
During a descent a headwind
Increases the angle of the descent flight path
Angle of climb with flaps extended
Is smaller
During a climb with a headwind
It decreases ground distance flown during climb
Which condition is thrust required equal to the drag?
Level flight with constant IAS
Force which compensates the weight in unaccelerated flight?
Lift
Vx and Vy with take off flaps
Lower than with clean configuration
Induced drag at constant mass in unaccelerated flight is greatest?
Lowest achievable speed in a given configuration
Where is drag Co efficient and lift coefficient the minimum?
Lowest point on drag curve
In order to achieve maximum rate of climb, aircraft should be flown at the indicated airspeed that gives....
Maximum excess power
What happens if aircraft mass decreases in unaccelerated horizontal flight?
Minimum drag decreases and IAS for min drag decreases
If the wing center of pressure is aft of the center of gravity, the tail plane load...
Must be directed downwards
Effect of tailwind on climb?
No change
What effect does a tailwind have on max endurance speed?
No effect
Wet runway and V1 reduced
Obstacle clearance decreases and climb performance is constant
For greatest distance when gliding, speed must be...
One that gives lowest total drag
Center of pressure if an aerofoil
Point in the chord line where resultant lift force acts
Both lift and drag ...
Proportional to the square of the velocity of the relative airflow
Heavy rain causes...
Reduced forward speed Increased stalling speed Increased weight
Higher outside temperature
Reduces angle and rate of climb
With constant angle of attack, mass and configuration, with increasing altitude, the drag will...
Remains unchanged but TAS increases
Straight and steady climb
Same during descent
Effect of increased mass on performance of a gliding plane?
Speed for best angle of descent increases
Speed for max obstical clearance during climb?
Speed for which ration for rate of climb and forward speed is max
Rate of climb is equal to:
Still air gradient multiplied by the TAS
Speed for Minimum drag (subsonic)
The gliding angle is minimum
At a given angle of attack, when density changes.....
The lift to drag ration is unaffected
Maximum glide range will depend on wind and ...
The ratio of lift to drag which varies according to angle of attack
What is the load factor?
The ratio of total lift to the airplane's weight.
Difference between vertical Speed versus forward speed for 2 planes having different masses
The vertical and forward speed of heavier plan will be larger (for given angle of attack)
What happens in unaccelerated climb?
Thrust equals drag plus downhill component of the gross weight in the flight path direction.
Which forces determine an aeroplane's angle of climb?
Weight, drag, thrust
Center of pressure moves forward
When angle of attack increases
An increase in wing loading
Will increase the stall speed
Location of center of pressure at increasing angle of attack..
Will shift forward until approaching the critical angle of attack
Induced drag of an aeroplane..
decreases with increasing airspeed
