Fluid, Electrolyte & Acid Base Balance

T/F: Most fluid in the body is in the extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment.

False

T/F: Most of the hydrogen ions in the body come from acidic substances in the foods we ingest.

False

T/F: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) increases Ca2+ deposition in the bones.

False

T/F: The most abundant cation in extracellular fluid is potassium.

False

Most water is excreted via the __________.

kidneys

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) acts on the __________ to __________ water excretion.

kidneys; decrease

One way the kidneys maintain HCO3- balance is by ________

generating new HCO3-

Which of the following is NOT an electrolyte? glucose potassium sodium chloride

glucose

Which of the following is associated with a swelling of cells?

hypotonic hydration

Which of the following would increase sodium excretion? aldosterone estrogen progesterone ADH

progesterone

Someone who is suffocating would develop __________.

respiratory acidosis

Hyperventilation can lead to __________.

respiratory alkalosis

The most important factor that influences K+ secretion is __________.

the concentration of K+ in the ECF

Which of the following has the LEAST influence over the pH of blood plasma?

the phosphate buffer system

Which of the following puts infants at increased risk for dehydration?

their inefficient kidneys