Fluids, Density, & Viscosity
What is the relative density of water?
1 g/mL
Viscosity
A liquid's internal resistance or friction that keeps it from flowing.
Weight
A measure of the force of gravity on an object (N)
Fluid
Any matter that has no fixed shape, but takes shape of its container. EX. liquids and gases
Fluid
Any matter that has no fixed shape, can flow, takes the shape of its container, in a gaseous or liquid state.
Matter
Anything that takes up space and has mass.
If 242 mL of a substance has a mass of 424g, what is the density of the substance? Remember- D= M/V
D = M/V 424 g/ 242 mL = 1.75 g/mL
Density formula
D=m/V; Density=mass/volume
The units of pressure are:
N/m^2, or the paschal (Pa)
Pressure formula
P = force/area
Buoyancy
The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object placed in it; buoyancy works opposite to the force of gravity.
Density
The amount of matter or number of particles in a given volume. D = M/V
Volume
The amount of space an object takes up
Archimedes' Principle
The buoyant force acting on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
Newton
Unit used to measure gravitational forces
hydraulic device
Uses water or some other confined liquid to do useful work.
What has a higher density - cold salt water or fresh warm water?
cold salt water
What is more dense cold or warm water?
cold water
As temperature increases, density... (increases or decreases)
decreases
As temperature increases, viscosity... (increases or decreases)
decreases
Units density is measured in:
for solids = g/cm3; for liquids g/mL
If a fluid flows slowly, its viscosity is.... (low or high)
high
How does temperature affect density?
increase the temperature results in a decrease in the density.
As temperature decreases, density...(increases or decreases)
increases
As temperature decreases, viscosity...(increases or decreases)
increases
If a fluid flows slowly does it have a high viscosity or a low viscosity?
it has a high viscosity
What two states of matter are considered to be a fluid?
liquid and gas
If a fluid flows very fast, its viscosity is.... (low or high)
low
What is more dense salt or fresh water?
salt water
Name the three states of matter.
solid, liquid, gas
Mass
the amount of matter in an object. Measured in g or Kg
How does temperature affect viscosity?
viscosity increases as temperature decreases; viscosity decreases as temperature increases.
Pressure
Measure of the amount of force applied to a particular area. Measured in paschals (Pa).
