Folklore of the Middle East Final

We cannot imagine an Emic genre without a name

False

We do not have extensive Sufi literature because silence is fundamental

False

Yazidis who live in Iraq are mostly Christian

False

What does Zeena mean in Islamic and Quranic contexts?

Female beauty and ornaments

Comparative context

Goes beyond the immediate situation of performance and considers history, structure, and symbolism

What is a unique characteristic of Zahhak?

He grew snakes on his shoulders which helped him in battle

Afghanistani war rugs are examples of

How traditions change and cultural adaptation

The Majority of Omanis are

Ibadi Muslim

Which Middle Eastern countries do not speak Arabic?

Iran, Israel, Turkey

Who is the main writes of 1001 Nights?

It does not have a specific author

Which political groups started the "Thanks Rouhani" cycle?

It's not clear

What is self-orientalism?

It's when people orientalist their own culture and everyday life Self-orientalist discourses in the East and the West are similar and in fact part of global discourses A process in which individuals native to a practice or culture utilize orientalist elements in their performances

In the movie, The Last Fiction, what characters challenge Zahhak?

Kaveh and Afaridoun

How does Sabrina in the documentary view Islamic fashion and hijab?

New Islamic fashions are different styles of clothing trends within the confines of Islamic guidelines Observing the hijab helps Sabrina to feel she belongs

What is a frame story?

One or more stories that happen in other stories

cultural context

Relation of narrative to larger ideas, symbols, and behaviors of the geoup

What does the Lebanon meme refer to?

Repeated power outages

Which if the following statements about Ferdowsi and Shahnameh are correct?

Shahnameh has played a major role in keeping the Persian language alive Ferdowsi wrote Shahnameh to get paid and also create an eternal piece of literature

Which of the following statements about Shahnameh are correct?

Shahnameh's heroes and characters tend to trash talk each other Shahnameh presents a dualistic view of the world in which good and evil are in constant battle Shahnameh presents and encourages an egalitarian perspective The musicality of Shahnameh's language makes it almost impossible to translate Shahnameh has inspired other artistic traditions such as manuscript painting

Why was there resistance against "halalburgers" in France?

Some French people claimed that halalburgers would change the authentic French national identity

Which statements about Kurds are accurate?

Some Kurds practice Christianity Some Kurds practice Islam Kurdish is related to Persian

What meanings did the tweeters assign to the video of a group of UAE children beating a bag of Chips Oman like a piñata

Some non-Omanis used the event to insult Omanis and Oman's national identity Some Omanis used the event to criticize their own government Some Omanis used it to criticize other Omani individuals

What does jihad mean in the context of Sufism?

Struggle against the lower soul, black dog, tamed and used in the way of God

Why did Europeans become interested in the 1001 Nights story in the 18th Century?

The 1001 Nights contributed to a sense of sharp difference between the West and the East

How does the Islamic fashion industry intervene in understandings of hijab in Jordan?

The industry challenged the hegemonic ideals of feminine embodiment By gradually turning veiling into an aesthetic practice

social context

The specific situation in which the narrative is told including audience and physical environment

What are the characteristics of folk narratives?

They reflect both past and present, they exist in multiple versions, they reflect both the individual and community

Which of the following statements represent the common characteristics of folktales?

They usually involve repetitive actions They follow their own logic that may be different from that of everyday world

Why did Arab nationalism come to be an important social force in the Arab Middle East?

To motivate social resistance against western colonial forces

What is traditionalization?

Traditionalization refers to the process of de and re contextualization of practices by their performers who adapt practices in accordance with the emerging contexts and through negotiated interactions with audienced

According to Anthony Bourdain's Parts Unknown, Oman's food diversity is due to the fact that ancient Oman empire stretched from Pakistan to Eastern Africa

True

Although 1001 Nights were/are told in mostly Islamic territories, they are largely secular

True

Arab American hip hop artists are aware and comment on tensions between African and Arab Americans

True

Based on the article Food, Activism, and Chips Oman on Twitter, folklore genres and products have the capacity to be indirect and ambiguous

True

Collaboration with informants is central in the current folklore studies

True

Competency of folk performances is situational.

True

Current folklorists try to represent the voice of agency in their research informants

True

Food studies can demonstrate how cuisines can be implemented as analytical lenses through which to view sociopolitical contentions

True

In the Arab world before the 18th venture, poetry was considered the preeminent literary form, and prose writings like the 1001 Nights were considered inferior.

True

Sahra is an Emic genre

True

Some of the Sufi literature is important from psychological viewpoints and allows glimpses into the Muslim community

True

Some of the women Saba Abbas has interviewed define the appropriate hijab in relation to the social context

True

Some of the women Saba Abbas has interviewed in Jordan do not practice veiling but still believe they practice Satr

True

Sufism is interested in developing personal and direct relationships with the divine outside organized religions

True

The 1001 Nights helped Europeans define the western culture as opposite to culture of the so called East

True

The context in which a folktale is told played the most critical role in what the folktale is

True

Within the paradigm of the performance theory, lore is not in a set of static and documentable forms. Instead it is emergent as it changed from one performance to another.

True

What statement is true about appropriate incongruity?

Two or more inconsistent parts or circumstances are united in one assemblage

What are examples of traditionalization?

When old timers speak about the regulations of an office with newcomers Exemplified by what parents tell children about their own childhood

Individual context

Why does a person choose to tell a certain narrative, what's the individual relation to the text

Sufism is the musical branch of Islam. Sufi comes from the Arabic word Suf which means

Wool

What percentage of the global oil supply flows through the Strait of Hormuz?

20%

What percentage of the population in Lebanon is Christian?

40%

How many editions of the 1001 Nights existed in English by 1800?

80

Salam Pax

A betwixt and between folklorist that started a blog and uses it to challenge authority and heavy topics in a light way.

Research has demonstrated that food can be

A means of affiliation that creates connections between people A means of boundary marking and disconnecting people A site of contestation of communal negotiations

What are examples of someone with cultural capital?

A person who knows how to dance A person who tells funny jokes

Who initiated the "Thanks Obama" cycle?

Anti Obama individuals

Emic Genres

Are local genres not always registered by global genres

Etic Genres

Are standard global genres that sometimes do not register local genres

Why is the expression "those who shall remain nameless" disrespectful in Arabic?

Because naming someone is a sign of respect

Why are folklorists interested in strolling genres?

Because they are an occasion to study the expressive culture Because they include multiple other genres

Why did Maltese nuns tell Sabra Webber that Tunisians did not have lullabies?

Because they had an etic perspective

Why is the hijab seen as a form of oppression?

Because usually people see nudity as liberation

The criteria that matters most in distinguishing myth, legend, and folktale is the ______ and the _______ of the narrator and the audience of the tale.

Belief and attitude

How did Omanis attempt to retaliate against UAE's anti-Oman measures?

Boycotting a type of UAE food

Which countries deployed colonial forces to North Africa and the Middle East

Britain, France

What does Satr mean in Islamic tradition and Quranic contexts?

Concealment of body and beauty

What are two commons themes folklorists have always been interested in?

Creativity and communal exchange

What statements are true about memes?

Derived from a biological term, visual memes can morph into verbal jokes and vice versa, Richard Dawkins used the word meme to explain how thoughts and ideas spread, Although forms similar to me have existed for a long time, meme as a genre was largely a product of the internet

Why is the notion of genre problematic when studying folklore?

Emic genres can change One of the ramifications of generic approach might be neglecting the flow among various loci of lore Sometimes Emic genres are impossibly unwieldy

What is sahra?

Evening gathering of men in Egypt

From the Orientalist perspective, Middle Easterners and their culture is:

Exotic and Desirable Dangerous and despicable

What is the central focus of attention in the works of folklorists?

Expressive culture

After the rise of civil rights discourse and within the confines of a liberal multicultural model, Palestinian American identity was promoted and celebrated by the rhetoric of inclusion

False

Although there are many different conservative Islamic interpretations of Zeena and Satr feminist scholars offer a unanimous understanding of these concepts

False

Digital media is only a conduit for transmitting the vernacular culture and facilitating folk processes

False

People living under authoritarian states have less diversity of political attitudes

False

Solo improvised dance is used to tell myths and folktales

False

The "Thanks Rouhani" joke cycle was only a momentary revision of reality for people who shared the jokes

False

The 1001 Nights was the first European of borrowing from the literary and cultural heritage of the Arabs

False

The Islamic Republics efforts to prevent people from celebrating Charshambeh Souri have mainly been successful

False

The article "A Strip, A Land, A Blaze" in part, argued that symbols of resistance used by hip hop artists and others cannot be commodified and commercialized

False

The current Folklore scholarship's primary goal is to evaluate the authenticity and purity of folkloric material and practices such as ballads

False

The narrative genre of "myth" refers to stories of beliefs that are incorrect or true

False