Food nd culture 3

Bevs

(difference between South and North India)

Torii Gates

- Distinctive gateway to a Shinto shrine

Wasabi

- Finely grated, delicate green horseradish; also available as a powder

Food Patterns

- Indo-Gangetic plain = productive farmland. Wheat, rice, peanuts, and fruits and vegetables. Mostly vegetarian. Use unique spices

3 Main Rivers

- Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra

Major Rivers

- Irrawaddy in Myanmar, Chao Phyra in Thailand, and Mekong in Indochina Peninsula each allow international trade in their cities of Yangon, Bangkok, and Ho Chi Minh City

Ikebana

- Japanese art of arranging cut flowers

Dal

- Puree of lentils or other legumes, usually rather blandly seasoned

Moo Shu pork

- Slivered pieces of seasoned pork and bean paste or other ingredients wrapped in small, thin pancakes (North)

Mealie Mea

- South African name for cornmeal (mealie means corn

Tandoor

- Thick-walled, deep jar-shaped clay oven used for roasting meats and baking naan

Peking Duck

- traditional dish of northern China, which involves special roasting of a duck until the skin is very crisp; skin, a bit of duck meat, and green onion are wrapped in a thin pancake liberally splashed with hoisin sauce. Plum sauce is also served (North)

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Sosaties

Barbecued pieces of meat on a stick

Tempura

Batter-coated, deep-fried shrimp or meat and thinly sliced vegetables

Voortreker -

Boer who used oxen and covered wagons to make the Great Trek between 1835 and 1839; also called trekboers

Red cooking

Braising meat mixtures in a sauce containing some soy sauce (East)

Tef

Cereal grain grown in Ethiopia since ancient times and now also grown in Kenya and Malawi

Chutney

Chunky and flavorful sauce often served as accompaniment to curry

Dashi

Clear soup stock made with dried fillet of bonito and kelp

Stupa

Covered mound, often containing a relic of significance for Buddhists

Lotus root

Crunchy root of lotus (water lily) cut crosswise to use in stir-fries and soups, where its porous appearance due to many lengthwise cavities in the root adds visual interest

Aryans

Early people of northern India. Their priests wrote the Vedas (foundation of Hinduism)

Dravidians

Early people of southern India developed their language, Tamil

Laver

Edible seaweed popular in Korea (GIM in Korea and NORI in Japan)

Injera

Ethiopian grayish, sponge-like pancake made using tef flour and baked on a griddle on one side only

Miso

Fermented soybean paste

Kimchi -

Fermented, pickled vegetables (Particularly cabbage)

Samosa

Fried pastry enclosing a filling

Winter melon

Green, oblong melon similar in outward appearance to a watermelon, but with a white, pulpy interior and seed-filled center

Religions

Hinduism and Buddhism in India, Muslim in Pakistan

Shin Sul Ro

Korean hot pot

Afrikaans

Language spoken by Afrikaners (South African farmers of Dutch heritage); one of the official languages of South Africa

Bantus

Large group of Africans originally from west and central regions of Africa who spread east and south prior to colonial days

Daikon

Large, long white radish that has a delicate flavor and slight pungency

Sang-chi-sam

Lettuce-wrapped meal containing many tidbits from numerous dishes selected by the diner

Sri Lanka

Maintaining a fragile peace with Tamil rebels who had fought to create their own separate state on the island

Satays

Marinated, skewered, grilled meat, served with sauce

Taj Mahal

Mausoleum built by Shah Jahan in Agra, India, to honor the memory of his favorite wife, Mumtaz

Naan

Oval-shaped whole wheat bread baked by sticking it to the wall of a tandoor

Murtabak

Pancake (eggs, meat, onions)

Chow Mein

Parboiled noodles fried briefly with other ingredients; a Cantonese stir-fry with noodles (South)

5 spice powder

Popular Chinese spice made by mixing star anise, Szechwan pepper, cinnamon, cloves, and fennel

Bunraku

Puppet shows featuring large, complicated puppets very skillfully presented, often in traditional stories

Cape of Good Hope

Region at the southern tip of the African continent where the Atlantic Ocean meets the Indian Ocean

Wok

Round-bottomed, two-handled metal pan used for stir-frying or as the container for boiling water to steam food in bamboo steamer trays stacked on the wok

Banchan

Small dishes of food served along with cooked rice. Served at the center of the table and shared

Dim Sum

Small, steamed dumplings filled with any of a variety of meat or vegetable fillings and many other small servings of food ranging from appetizers to sweets (South)

Boer

South African of Dutch descent

• Kobe beef

The meat from Wagyu cattle is known worldwide for its marbling characteristics and naturally enhanced, flavor, tenderness, and juiciness; it is incredibly expensive and only found in Japan

Kabuki

Traditional, highly stylized drama performed by men in elaborate costumes and makeup, often featuring dance and some music

Changgo

Two-headed drum (old lady played it in the video in class)

Great Rift Valley

Vast depression in the earth extending from Jordan south and west to Mozambique

Bitter melon

Vegetable resembling a cucumber with a wrinkled green skin and interior with red seeds

Bok Choy

Vegetable that grows as a bunch with thick, white stalks and a top of several large, coarse green leaves

Sashimi

Very carefully cut and arranged slices of raw fish

Water Puppets

Vietnam

Sushi

Vinegared rice and small bits of other ingredients pressed into a mold or rolled tightly into a long log encased in a layer of nori and sliced crosswise

Major Rivers

Zambezi (Victoria Falls), The Congo (Deepest), The Limpopo ("the elephant's child")

Muligatawney soup

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Eating Habits

breakfast in villages consists of porridge made with a cereal and water that is boiled over a fire. Men do not eat with women are children. Eat other meal at the end of the day. Heavy in starch. Men usually eat before women and children.

Chima

commercial center (most people in Korea live here) o Han River is located there

o Shikoku Island

comparatively small island roughly paralleling the western peninsula of Honshu and just a bit south of it

Mt. Kilimanjaro

highest mountain in Africa, in Tanzania (borders Kenya), 3 cones (2 extinct/1 dormant)

o Honshu Island

largest of the islands in Japan; Tokyo is on Honshu at the southern coast

Bonito

most popular fish used in Japanese cuisine o It is readily available in Asian markets in the form of flakes or pellets which are designed to be dissolved in water or rice wine, and some types of dried bonito also come with flavorings like seaweed flakes and spicy chili power

Religions

mostly Christian (Ethiopian Orthodoxy), other religions are Islam and traditional animism (belief that animals, plants, even inanimate objects have spiritual essence)

Masalo

natural waterway in Niassa, Mozambique

o Hokkaido Island

northernmost island; Sapporo, its principal city, is familiar to many as the home of the 1972 Winter Olympics, a fact that attests to its cold and snowy winters and its mountainous terrain

Beverages

o Alcoholic • Beer - lagers • Rice and fruit wines • liquors o Non-alcoholic • Tea/cha • Persimmon punch

Clothing

o Chgori • Short Jacket

Religion in japan

o Shinto - Early religion of Japan that focused on nature and considered the Emperor to be a descendant of the sun goddess o Buddhism o Christianity

Schools of Chinese cookery

o Southern (Cantonese) school • Designation of cuisine of the southern Chinese that features stir-frying, such dishes as egg rolls, dumplings (Dim sum), and pork specialties, as well as generous use of vegetables, rice, and fruits

Religion

o Vietnam o Mahayana Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism o Philippines • 90% Christian o Hinduism • Bali, some Malaysia and Singapore o Islam • Malaysia and Indonesia

Exports

out of their main ports: lots of rice and tropical fruits/vegetables

Mochi

rice cake made by pounding cooked sweet glutinous rice; traditional for New Year's celebration

Sake

strong rice wine, usually served warm

Mirin

sweet rice wine

Protein sources

tofu, pork, eggs, lamb/mutton, a little beef, thousand year old eggs (Duck, chicken, or quail eggs

Climate

warm and very moist = tropical fruits and vegetables, experiences monsoons, so they grow lots of rice

o Kyushu Island

west and south from the tip of Honshu and Shikoku; mild, rather subtropical climate due to its southern location; apparently was the route by which early people from the mainland entered the region that is now called Japan

Western (Szechwan) school

• Designation of cuisine developed in western China that is quite spicy and hot in character and uses considerable garlic, ginger, and oil

Eastern (Shanghai) school

• Designation of cuisine of the eastern seaboard of China, notably of Shanghai; light broths, seafood, egg rolls, and paper-wrapped foods are characteristic

Northern (Peking) school

• Designation of cuisine of the northern region of China that includes Mongolian fire pot and Peking duck, as well as moo shu pork and other recipes that use wheat and wheat flour products