Force and Motion STAAR Review

Some students were investigating the speed of a toy car they built. They performed two trials and recorded their data in the table below. Toy-Car Trials Trial 1 Trial 2 Time (s) Distance (m) Time (s) Distance (m) 4.0 5.6 5.0 7.0 What was the average speed of the toy car during the two trials to the nearest tenth of a m/s? Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to use the correct place value.

1.4

When a space shuttle was launched, the astronauts onboard experienced an acceleration of 29.0 m/s2 . If one of the astronauts had a mass of 60.0 kg, what net force in newtons did the astronaut experience? Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to use the correct place value.

1740

A student walks 2 km in 30 minutes. What is the student's average speed in km/h? Record your answer and fill in the bubbles on your answer document. Be sure to use the correct place value.

4

A student uses a magnet to move a 0.025 kg metal ball. The magnet exerts a force of 5 N, which causes the ball to begin moving. What is the acceleration of the ball when it begins to move? A 200 m/s2 B 0.125 m/s2 C 5 m/s2 D 5.025 m/s2

A 200 m/s2

A student lets a toy car roll four times down a ramp that is 1 m long. Each time the student covers the surface of the ramp with a different material. The student measures the time it takes the car to roll down the ramp and records the results in the table below. Material Time to Complete Ramp W 4 X 8 Y 7 Z 5 Which of these would be the best conclusion based on the data in the table? A Different surfaces affect how fast a toy car accelerates. B Different toy cars travel at different speeds. C Gravity has little effect on the speed of toy cars on different surfaces. D Air resistance is the greatest factor in limiting the acceleration of different toy cars.

A Different surfaces affect how fast a toy car accelerates.

When a lion eats a zebra and then uses the energy from the zebra to run, the lion's body converts — A chemical energy to mechanical energy B electrical energy to chemical energy C chemical energy to light energy D mechanical energy to chemical energy

A chemical energy to mechanical energy

The masses of four vehicles and the net forces acting on them as they enter a highway are recorded in the table below. Vehicles Entering a Highway Vehicle Mass(kg) Force(N) Sedan 1500 4500 Coupe 1200 4500 SUV 1800 4500 Truck 2000 4500 Which vehicle has the greatest acceleration as it enters the highway? A Sedan B Coupe C SUV D Truck

B Coupe

Two boxes and their masses are represented below. Mass = 2.0 kg Mass = 1.3 kg Which of the following situations shows work being done? A A student is sitting in a chair and holding both boxes. B A student is holding the large box 1 m above the floor. C A student is standing and holding the small box. D A student is lifting the small box 0.5 m from the floor to a table

D A student is lifting the small box 0.5 m from the floor to a table

Force Acting on Cart (N) Cart Acceleration(m/s2) 1 0.2 2 0.4 5 1.0 6 1.2 ? 2.6 Some students measure the acceleration of a wheeled cart being acted on by varying forces. The students record their data in the table shown above. According to the data table, how much force is acting on the cart when the students measure an acceleration of 2.6 m/s2 ? F 13 N G 7 N H 8 N J 12 N

F 13 N

Two cars with different masses travel at the same speed down a hill toward a stop sign. What will happen when both cars apply brakes at the same time to stop? F The car with the smaller mass will require less force to stop than the car with the larger mass. G The car with the larger mass will maintain its velocity while traveling down the hill. H The car with the smaller mass will take longer to stop than the car with the larger mass. J The car with the larger mass will have less inertia than the car with the smaller mass.

F The car with the smaller mass will require less force to stop than the car with the larger mass.

What is the difference between the velocity and the speed of an object? F Velocity is the change in distance over time, while speed is the change in velocity over time. G Velocity has a direction associated with it, while speed has no specific direction. H Velocity has no direction associated with it, while speed has a specific direction. J Velocity is the change in speed over time, while speed is the change in distance over time.

G Velocity has a direction associated with it, while speed has no specific direction.

Four students raced toy cars on a track. The mass and the acceleration of each car is recorded in the table below. Toy Cars Toy Car Mass (kg) Acceleration (m/s2) 1 0.19 2.0 2 0.15 3.0 3 0.25 1.5 4 0.21 2.5 Which toy car had the greatest applied force? F 1 G 2 H 3 J 4

J 4