Forces of Motion For P.B. only
Newton's 3rd law of motion
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Force
an influence tending to change the motion of a body or produce motion or stress in a stationary body. The magnitude of such an influence is often calculated by multiplying the mass of the body by its acceleration.
how do orbits relate to forces of gravity?
an object can get pulled in by an orbit like gravity when it pulls things into the surface.
Magnet
any material that attracts iron or materials containing iron.
momentum
he quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its mass and velocity.
drag
is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.
magnetic pole
one of two points, such as the ends of a magnet, that have opposing magnetic qualities
Newtons (N)
the SI unit of force. It is equal to the force that would give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one meter per second per second, and is equivalent to 100,000 dynes.
mass define and identify its units of measure.
the amount of matter in an object. the unit of measure is SI.
what is the significance of 9.8 m/s2 ?
the amount of speed and acceleration due to gravity if you were to free fall.
net force
the combination of all the forces acting on an object.
Gravitational potential energy
the energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field.
Kinetic energy
the energy of an object that is due to the object's motion.
Chemical potential energy
the energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance
potential energy
the energy that an object has because of it position, condition, or chemical composition of the object.
magnetic force
the force of attraction or repulsion generated by moving or spinning electric charges
static friction
the force that resists the start of sliding motion between two surfaces that are in contact and at rest.
Reference point
the intentional use of one thing to indicate something else.
Electromagnetism
the interaction between electricity and magnetism
slope
the measure of a slant in a line.
Free-fall
the motion of a body when only the force of gravity is acting on it.
electromagnetic induction
the process of creating a current in a circuit by changing a magnetic field.
mass
the quantity of matter that a body contains, as measured by its acceleration under a given force or by the force exerted on it by a gravitational field.
speed
the rate at which someone or something is able to move or operate.
acceleration
the rate of change of velocity per unit of time.
field
the region in which a particular condition prevails, especially one in which a force or influence is effective regardless of the presence or absence of a material medium.
velocity
the speed of something in a given direction.
mechanical energy
the sum of an object's kinetic and potential energy due to gravity or elastic deformation; does not include chemical or nuclear energy.
electrical insulator
a material in which charges cannot move freely
electrical conductor
a material in which electrical charges can move freely.
law of universal gravitation
a particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
Inertia
a property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless that state is changed by an external force.
magnetic field
a region where a magnetic force can be detected
transformer
a device that increases or decreases the voltage of an alternating current.
kinetic friction
a force that acts between moving surfaces
Electric charge
a fundamental property that leads to the electromagnetic interactions among particles that make up matter.
semiconductor
an element or compound that conducts electric current better than an insulator but not as well as a conductor can.
static electricity
electric charge at rest;generally produced by friction or induction.
magnetic potential energy
energy stored due to the orientation of magnetic objects within a magnetic field
G-force
A force acting on a body as a result of acceleration or gravity
Gravity
A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses.
Newton's 1st Law of Motion
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Newton's 2nd Law of Motion
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Electrical potential energy
Potential energy associated with a charge due to its position in an electric field
elastic potential energy
Potential energy stored as a result of deformation of an elastic object
Units of Measure: g, kg, m/s, m/s2
The units of length or linear size are based on the metre.
solenoid
a coil of wire with an electric current in it
electromagnet
a coil that has a soft iron core and acts as a magnet when an electric current is in the coil.
electric motor
a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
electric generator
a device that converts mechanical energy into electric energy
Free body (force) diagrams
diagrams used to show the relative magnitude and direction of all forces acting upon an object in a given situation.
