Foundations NCLEX Musculosketetal
The nurse has reviewed activity restrictions with a client who is being discharged following hip surgery and insertion of a femoral head prosthesis. The nurse determines that the client understands the material presented if the client makes which statement? 1."I will use a raised toilet seat." 2."I will bend carefully to put on socks and shoes." 3."I will sit in chairs without arms for better mobility." 4."I will exercise the leg past the point of 90-degree flexion."
1."I will use a raised toilet seat." The postoperative hip surgery client understands the material presented when the client plans to use a raised toilet seat. It is important for clients with an insertion of a femoral head prosthesis to use a raised toilet seat. The client should also maintain the leg in a neutral, straight position when lying, sitting, or walking. The leg should not be adducted, internally rotated, or flexed more than 90 degrees. The client should sit in chairs that have arms so there will be assistance when the client is ready to rise from the sitting position. The client should avoid putting on his or her own socks and shoes for 8 weeks after surgery because it would force the leg into acute flexion. Focus on the subject, femoral head prosthesis, noting the words understands the material presented. Answer the question by evaluating each of the statements in terms of the risk for prosthesis displacement that it carries.
The nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client with osteoporosis regarding appropriate food items to include in the diet. The nurse tells the client that which food item would provide the least amount of calcium? 1.Pork 2.Seafood 3.Sardines 4.Plain yogurt
1.Pork Of the items listed, pork would contain the least amount of calcium. Focus on the subject, amount of calcium in food and note the word least. Recalling the foods that are high and low in calcium will direct you to select pork.
A client with a fractured femur is placed in skeletal traction. The nurse should do which to monitor for nerve injury? 1.Check the blood pressure. 2.Check the pin sites for drainage. 3.Check the neurovascular status of the affected extremity. 4.Monitor the client's ability to perform active range of motion to the affected extremity.
3.Check the neurovascular status of the affected extremity. The nurse would check the neurovascular status and assess for pallor and coolness of the affected extremity, paresthesias, or complaints of increasing pain. Bone fragments and tissue edema associated with a fracture can cause nerve damage. Although the blood pressure measurement provides an overall indication of circulatory status, it is not directly related to the neurovascular status of the extremity and would not provide information about the presence of nerve injury. Checking pin sites for drainage provides information about infection. The client should not be encouraged to perform active range of motion to an extremity that is fractured and in traction. Focus on the subject, monitoring for nerve injury. Note the relation between the subject and the correct nursing action.
The nurse is caring for the client who has skeletal traction applied to the left leg. The client complains of severe left leg pain. The nurse checks the client's alignment in bed and notes that proper alignment is maintained. Which action should the nurse take next? 1.Provide pin care. 2.Medicate the client. 3.Notify the registered nurse. 4.Remove 2 pounds of weight from the traction.
3.Notify the registered nurse. A client who complains of severe pain may need realignment or may have traction weights prescribed that are too heavy. The nurse realigns the client and if ineffective, would next notify the registered nurse, who will then contact the primary health care provider. Severe leg pain once traction has been established indicates a problem. Medicating the client would be done after trying to determine and treat the cause. The nurse would never remove the weights from the traction without a specific prescription to do so. Providing pin care is unrelated to the problem as described. Note the strategic word, next. Focus on the subject, skeletal traction, and note the words severe left leg pain in the question. This would indicate a problem. Recalling the causes of severe pain in a client in skeletal traction and noting that the question addresses that the nurse has already ensured that the client is in proper alignment should assist in directing you to notifying the registered nurse.
The nurse has provided instructions to a client with a herniated lumbar disk about proper body mechanics and other items pertinent to low back care. The nurse determines that the client needs further teaching if the client verbalizes which action should be done? 1.Increase fiber and fluids in the diet. 2.Bend at the knees to pick up objects. 3.Strengthen the back muscles by swimming or walking. 4.Get out of bed by sitting straight up and swinging the legs over the side of the bed.
4.Get out of bed by sitting straight up and swinging the legs over the side of the bed. The client needs further teaching if the client says sitting straight up and swinging the legs over the side is the way to get out of bed. Clients are taught to get out of bed by sliding near the edge of the mattress. The client then rolls onto one side and pushes up from the bed, using one or both arms. The back is kept straight, and the legs are swung over the side. Increasing fluids and dietary fiber helps prevent straining at stool, thereby preventing increases in intraspinal pressure. Walking and swimming are excellent exercises for strengthening lower back muscles. Proper body mechanics includes bending at the knees, not the waist, to lift objects. Note the strategic words, needs further teaching. These words indicate a negative event query and ask you to select the incorrect statement. Bending the knees when picking up objects and swimming and walking are examples of interventions that are indicated and can be eliminated first. Clients with low back pain should avoid situations that increase intraspinal pressure such as straining during a bowel movement. An increase in fiber and fluid in the diet will prevent this.
The nurse is providing postprocedure instructions to a client returning home after arthroscopy of the shoulder. The nurse should reinforce which client instruction? 1.Resume regular full activity the following day. 2.Do not eat or drink anything until the following morning. 3.Keep the shoulder completely immobilized for the rest of the day. 4.Report to the registered nurse the development of fever or redness and heat at the site.
4.Report to the registered nurse the development of fever or redness and heat at the site. Following arthroscopy, signs/symptoms of infection such as fever or inflammation (redness or heat) should be reported to the registered nurse who will perform an assessment and contact the primary health care provider. The client may resume the usual diet immediately. The arm does not have to be immobilized completely once sensation has returned, but the client usually is encouraged to refrain from strenuous activity for at least a few days. Focus on the subject, postprocedure instructions to a client who had an arthroscopy. Eliminate the option to not eat or drink until the next morning first because it is unlikely that the client would be on nothing-by-mouth status after the procedure. Eliminate resumption of regular activity the next day and keeping the shoulder immobilized for the rest of the day because they represent extremes of activity variations. Choose contact the registered nurse if fever or redness at the site occurs as the correct action because the client is universally taught to report signs/symptoms of infection to the primary health care provider.
The nurse is discharging a client with a diagnosis of gout. Which best practice guidelines should the nurse teach the client? Select all that apply. 1.Drink plenty of fluids. 2.Avoid taking diuretics. 3.Avoid taking acetaminophen. 4.Organ meats are allowed on your diet. 5.Avoid excessive physical or emotional stress.
1.Drink plenty of fluids. 2.Avoid taking diuretics. 5.Avoid excessive physical or emotional stress. The nurse needs to teach the client to drink plenty of fluids to prevent the formation of urinary stones. Increasing fluid intake helps dilute urine and prevent sediment formation. The client also needs to avoid taking diuretics because this would limit the amount of fluid in the body and would not help prevent sediment formation. Excessive physical or emotional stress can also exacerbate the disease. The nurse needs to teach the client stress-management techniques to help prevent future attacks of gout. A strict low-purine diet is recommended and clients should avoid foods such as organ meats, shellfish, and oily fish with bones (e.g., sardines). Excessive alcohol intake and fatty meats should also be avoided. The nurse needs to also teach the client to determine which foods precipitate acute attacks and try to avoid them. In addition to food and beverage restrictions, clients with gout should avoid all forms of aspirin and diuretics because they may precipitate an attack. Acetaminophen does not have to be avoided. Focus on the subject, gout. Recall that making the urine more dilute by drinking extra water and eliminating diuretics will help prevent more gouty attacks. Eliminate the option to avoid taking acetaminophen because this medication does not affect sediment in the urine. Remember that organ meats are a high purine food and that stress can instigate another gout attack.
An older client with advanced Alzheimer's disease is placed in balanced suspension traction, and the primary health care provider expects to internally fixate the client's femur in 1 week. Based on this information, the nurse determines that the priority relates to addressing which client problem? 1.Risk for constipation 2.Impaired tissue integrity 3.Risk for activity intolerance 4.Disturbed thought processes
1.Risk for constipation Risk for constipation is the priority problem for this client. Although all of these problems may apply to this client, lying supine, being older, and having cognitive impairment places the client at extreme risk for constipation and possibly impaction. The client likely does have disturbed thought processes because of the Alzheimer's disease and impaired tissue integrity because of the fracture. Because activity is restricted, activity tolerance is unknown. Focus on the subject, advanced Alzheimer's disease and a client in traction. Also note the strategic word, priority. Recalling the effects of cognitive impairment, skeletal traction, analgesics, immobility, and aging on the gastrointestinal tract will assist in answering this question. Also, note the time period before surgery is to be performed.
The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes mellitus who is scheduled to have a right below-knee amputation. The nurse assesses which factors that can put this client at risk for amputation? Select all that apply. 1.Psoriasis 2.Bony deformity 3.Limited joint mobility 4.Peripheral neuropathy 5.Peripheral vascular disease 6.History of skin ulcers or previous amputation
2.Bony deformity 3.Limited joint mobility 4.Peripheral neuropathy 5.Peripheral vascular disease 6.History of skin ulcers or previous amputation Rationale: Certain conditions place clients with diabetes at increased risk for amputation. These factors include peripheral neuropathy, limited joint mobility, bony deformity, peripheral vascular disease, and a history of skin ulcers or previous amputation. The nurse needs to observe for changes that indicate peripheral neuropathy or vascular insufficiency. Focus on the subject, risk factors for amputation for clients with diabetes. Eliminate psoriasis first because this condition does not affect the endocrine system. The other factors are risk factors for amputation for clients with diabetes.
The nurse is evaluating goal achievement for a client in traction with impaired physical mobility. The nurse determines that the client has not successfully met all of the goals formulated if which outcome is noted? 1.Intact skin surfaces 2.Bowel movement every 5 days 3.Equal calf measurements bilaterally 4.Active range of motion (ROM) of uninvolved joints
2.Bowel movement every 5 days Expected outcomes for impaired physical mobility for the client in traction include absence of thrombophlebitis (measurable by equal calf measurements and absence of pain or redness in the calf area), active baseline ROM to uninvolved joints, intact skin, and a bowel movement every other day. Focus on the subject, goals for a client in traction. Note the words, has not successfully met. This question can be answered by evaluating the degree of normalcy of each option. The only abnormal option is bowel movement every 5 days. A bowel movement every 5 days is insufficient. Remember that constipation is a known complication of immobility.
A client has a newly fractured fibula that is plaster casted in the emergency department. Because the client will need to use crutches, the nurse plans to teach the client which crutch-walking gait before discharge? 1.Two-point gait 2.Three-point gait 3.Swing-through gait 4.Four-point alternate gait
2.Three-point gait The nurse teaches the client the three-point gait of crutch walking. The client with a new fracture that is casted with a plaster cast needs to avoid weight bearing. The three-point gait identifies a gait that allows non-weight bearing on the affected extremity. The client should not bear weight on the affected extremity until the primary health care provider evaluates the client on the follow-up examination. Focus on the subject, crutch-walking gait with a fractured femur and new plaster cast, and visualize each of the gaits identified in the items. Recalling the different crutch-walking gaits and the amount of weight bearing necessary for each gait will direct you to the correct crutch-walking technique. Remember that plaster casts are weak until they dry in about 48 to 72 hours, so non-weight bearing is essential until follow-up by the primary health care provider.
A client who is scheduled for surgery and who is to be placed in skeletal traction says to the nurse, "I'm not sure if I want to have this skeletal traction or if the skin traction would be best to stabilize my fracture." Based on the client's statement, the nurse should make which response to the client? 1."There is no reason to be concerned. I have seen lots of these procedures." 2."Skeletal traction is much more effective than skin traction in your situation." 3."You have concerns about skeletal versus skin traction for your type of fracture?" 4."Your fracture is very unstable. You will die if you don't have this surgery performed."
3."You have concerns about skeletal versus skin traction for your type of fracture?" Asking the client if there are concerns about skeletal versus skin traction identifies the therapeutic communication technique of paraphrasing. Paraphrasing is restating the client's message in the nurse's own words. Telling the client the fracture is unstable and you will die if you don't have this surgery, identifies a communication block that reflects a lack of the client's right to an opinion. It also will cause fear in the client. Also, saying that skeletal traction is more effective than skin traction is offering a false reassurance, and this type of response will block communication. In addition, saying that there is no reason to be concerned is also a communication block and reflects a lack of the client's right to an opinion. Use therapeutic communication techniques. Select the statement that enhances communication and addresses the client's feelings and concerns.
The nurse is teaching a client about foods in the diet that could minimize the risk of osteoporosis. The nurse should encourage the client to increase intake of which food? 1.Fish 2.Turkey 3.Cheese 4.Sweet potatoes
3.Cheese The major dietary source of calcium is from dairy foods, including milk, yogurt, and a variety of cheeses. Calcium also may be added to certain products, such as orange juice, which are then advertised as being "fortified" with calcium. Calcium supplements are available and recommended for those with typically low calcium intake. Focus on the subject, osteoporosis. Think about the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and recall that foods high in calcium are needed. Next recall that dairy products are high in calcium. This will direct you to cheese.
A client has just had skeletal traction applied following insertion of pins. The nurse should place highest priority on performing which action? 1.Performing pin site care 2.Explaining to the client the upcoming pin care procedure 3.Ensuring that the weights on the traction setup are hanging free 4.Providing for diversion such as watching television or reading a newspaper
3.Ensuring that the weights on the traction setup are hanging free When a client has skeletal traction, the highest priority is to assess the traction setup. The nurse must ensure that the weights on the traction setup are hanging free. If the weights are resting on or against any support, the purpose of the traction is defeated. The other actions are components of care. Note the strategic words, highest priority. Use the steps of the nursing process to answer the question. Ensuring that the weights are hanging free is the only action that addresses data collection.
The nurse is evaluating a client in skeletal traction. When evaluating the pin sites, the nurse would be most concerned with which finding? 1.Redness around the pin sites 2.Pain on palpation at the pin sites 3.Thick, yellow drainage from the pin sites 4.Clear, watery drainage from the pin sites
3.Thick, yellow drainage from the pin sites The nurse should monitor for signs of infection such as inflammation, purulent drainage, and pain at the pin site. However, some degree of inflammation, pain at the pin site, and serous drainage would be expected; the nurse should correlate assessment findings with other clinical findings, such as fever, elevated white blood cell count, and changes in vital signs. Additionally, the nurse should compare any findings to baseline findings to determine if there were any changes. Test-Taking Strategy(ies): Note the strategic word, most. Determine if an abnormality exists. Recall that purulent drainage is indicative of infection, and that some degree of pain, inflammation, and serous drainage should be expected.
The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client following surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. Which statement by the client would indicate a need for further teaching? 1."I should elevate my arm to reduce the swelling." 2."I should use a sling to limit movement and keep my arm elevated." 3 "I should return to the primary health care provider in about 10 days to have the sutures removed." 4."I should perform pronation and supination exercises of my wrist starting 24 hours after surgery."
4."I should perform pronation and supination exercises of my wrist starting 24 hours after surgery." There is a need for further teaching when the client says, "I should perform pronation and supination exercises of my wrist starting 24 hours after surgery." Postoperatively, depending on the type of surgical procedure, the client will have a bulky dressing in place for 4 to 7 days. The affected arm is elevated to reduce swelling. A sling is useful to limit movements and to keep the arm elevated. The sutures are removed in about 10 days after surgery. Within 2 to 3 weeks postoperatively, the client will begin physical therapy, with exercises to promote full range of motion of the wrist and prevent adhesion formation in the carpal tunnel. Note the strategic words, need for further teaching. These words indicate a negative event query and ask you to select the incorrect statement. Eliminate elevating my arm to reduce the swelling and using a sling to limit movement and keeping the arm elevated first because they are comparable or alike. Noting the anatomical location of the surgery will assist you in eliminating returning to the primary health care provider in 10 days to have the sutures removed and direct you to the incorrect statement.
The nurse is caring for a client who had a total knee replacement. Postoperatively, the nurse monitors for which highest priority assessment? 1.Calf pain 2.Heel breakdown 3.Bladder distention 4.Extremity shortening
1.Calf pain The highest priority assessment that the nurse needs to monitor in this client is the presence of calf pain. Deep vein thrombosis is a potentially serious complication of lower extremity surgery. Calf pain is a sign of this complication. Although bladder distention may occur postoperatively, this assessment is incorrect because it is not specific to the information in the question. Extremity lengthening or shortening may occur as a result of knee replacement but is not the highest priority. Additionally, heel breakdown is not the highest priority. Note the strategic words, highest priority. Use the ABCs—airway, breathing, and circulation—to answer the question. Checking for deep vein thrombosis by monitoring for calf pain involves circulation.
The nurse is caring for a client being treated for fat embolus after multiple fractures. Which data indicate to the nurse a favorable resolution of the fat embolus? 1.Minimal dyspnea 2.Clear chest x-ray 3.Oxygen saturation 85% 4.Arterial oxygen level of 78 mm Hg
2.Clear chest x-ray A clear chest x-ray is a favorable indicator that the fat embolus is resolving. When fat embolism occurs, the chest x-ray has a "snowstorm" appearance. Eupnea (unlabored breathing), not minimal dyspnea, is a normal sign. Arterial oxygen levels should be 80 to 100 mm Hg. Oxygen saturation should be greater than 95%. Focus on the subject, fat embolism, and note the words, favorable response. Knowledge of normal baseline respiratory values will assist in answering this question. Knowing that the arterial oxygen and oxygen saturation levels are below normal helps you eliminate these options. Dyspnea, even at a minimal level, is not normal and can be eliminated also. A clear chest x-ray is a normal finding and is the answer to the question as stated.
A client has had skeletal traction applied to the right leg and has an overhead trapeze available for use. The nurse should monitor which area as a high-risk area for pressure and breakdown? 1.Scapulae 2.Left heel 3.Right heel 4.Back of the head
2.Left heel Common areas that are under pressure and are at risk for breakdown include the elbows (if they are used for repositioning instead of a trapeze) and the heel of the good leg (which is used as a brace when pushing up in bed). Other pressure points caused by the traction include the ischial tuberosity, popliteal space, and Achilles tendon. Focus on the subject, high-risk area for skin breakdown. Thus you should compare each of the options in terms of their relative risk and choose the one that is highest. The right heel is eliminated first because it is off the bed in the traction setup. The overhead trapeze would diminish the likelihood that the scapulae and back of the head would be immobilized. This leaves the left heel as the answer. This makes sense, given that the client would use the unaffected heel to push into the mattress during repositioning. With repeated use, this could cause the left heel to become reddened and break down.
The home care nurse is caring for a client who had a below-the-knee amputation of the right leg. What are some teaching points the nurse gives to the client and family? Select all that apply. 1.Apply the bandage in a top-down manner. 2.Use a shrinker stocking or sock to cover the wrapped stump. 3.Rewrap the residual limb once a day with an elastic bandage. 4.Begin residual limb care when sutures or staples are removed. 5.After the limb is healed, it is cleaned each day with the rest of the body during bathing with soap and water. 6.When the staples or sutures are removed, inspect the end of the residual limb every day for signs of inflammation or skin breakdown.
2.Use a shrinker stocking or sock to cover the wrapped stump. 4.Begin residual limb care when sutures or staples are removed. 5.After the limb is healed, it is cleaned each day with the rest of the body during bathing with soap and water. 6.When the staples or sutures are removed, inspect the end of the residual limb every day for signs of inflammation or skin breakdown. After the sutures or staples are removed, the client begins residual limb care. The home care nurse tells the client and family that they can use a shrinker stocking or sock to cover the wrapped stump because it is easier to apply. The limb also needs to be inspected every day for signs of inflammation or skin breakdown. After the limb is healed, it is cleaned each day with the rest of the body during bathing with soap and water. The limb should be rewrapped 3 times a day and not once a day with an elastic bandage. The elastic bandage should be applied in a figure-eight manner and never wrapped in a top-down manner. Focus on the subject, teaching points for a client with a below-knee-amputation. Eliminate applying the bandage in a top-down manner because this would trap fluid in the limb and increase edema and lengthen healing. Next eliminate rewrap the residual limb once a day because this is too infrequent and could lead to any problems not being detected. The limb needs to be rewrapped 3 times a day. The remaining instructions are correct.
A postoperative client received a spinal anesthetic. The client has not experienced pain because the anesthetic has not yet worn off. The nurse should monitor the client closely for pain and provide the client with which instruction? 1."I will be bringing your pain medication at 10:00 pm." 2."You will not feel pain because of the spinal anesthesia." 3."You will need to let me know when you start to get feeling back in your legs." 4."You will not be able to take pain medication until you have been up to the bathroom."
3."You will need to let me know when you start to get feeling back in your legs." The nurse should tell the client to "let me know when you start to get feeling back in your legs". Analgesics need to be encouraged in the postoperative client as needed. The nurse explains that the client will start to feel sensation as the spinal anesthetic wears off. Along with the increased sensation, the client will also experience pain. Although saying pain might not be felt because of the spinal anesthesia may be correct information, it does not address the issue of pain assessment. Telling the client that you will bring the pain medication at 10:00 pm is not appropriate, because the nurse does not schedule the pain medication administration. Also, telling the client you will not be able to take pain medication until you have been up to the bathroom is incorrect because the client should be medicated before any activity is attempted, especially in the postoperative period. Also, following this type of surgery, the client should be using a fracture bedpan and should not be up to the bathroom. Focus on the subject, monitoring for pain in the postoperative client for a client who had spinal anesthesia. Also remember that the client should inform the nurse before the pain becomes a discomfort. This will direct you to the correct statement.
A client is treated in the primary health care provider's office for a sprained ankle. Before sending the client home, the nurse plans to reinforce instructions to the client about which item to avoid in the next 24 hours? 1.Resting the foot 2.Applying an Ace wrap 3.Applying a heating pad 4.Elevating the ankle on a pillow while sitting or lying down
3.Applying a heating pad Heat is not used in the first 24 hours after a sprained ankle because it could increase venous congestion, which would increase edema and pain. Soft tissue injuries such as sprains are treated by RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation) for the first 24 hours after the injury. Ice is applied intermittently for 20 to 30 minutes at a time. Focus on the subject, the treatment measure to avoid for the client with a sprained ankle. This indicates the need to select an item that is an incorrect intervention. It is likely that sprains would be rested and elevated, so these items are eliminated. Use of an Ace wrap is also helpful in reducing the pain and swelling, so this item can also be eliminated. By the process of elimination heat is the item to avoid in the first 24 hours.
The nurse is caring for a comatose client at risk for fat embolism because of a fractured femur and pelvis sustained in a fall. Which finding does the nurse identify as early signs/symptoms of possible fat embolism? 1.Decreased heart rate and increased restlessness 2.Decreased heart rate and decreased respiratory rate 3.Increased heart rate and adventitious breath sounds 4.Increased heart rate and increased oxygen saturation
3.Increased heart rate and adventitious breath sounds Early signs/symptoms of possible fat embolism are increased heart rate and adventitious breath sounds. Fat embolism commonly causes signs/symptoms related to respiratory or neurological impairment. Because the client is unable to speak, it may be difficult to immediately assess early changes in neurological status. However, adventitious breath sounds and an increased heart rate may be easily and quickly observed, even before the client demonstrates labored breathing. The other findings are incorrect. Note the strategic word, early. Focus on the subject, fat embolism because of a fractured femur. Eliminate the two findings related to decreased heart rate because an increased heart rate would be noted. From the remaining findings eliminate the finding with increased oxygen saturation because decreased oxygen saturation would be noted.
Which intervention should be contraindicated in the postprocedure care of the client following a bone biopsy of the left arm? 1.Monitor vital signs every 4 hours. 2.Administer oral analgesics as needed. 3.Place the left arm in a dependent position for 24 hours. 4.Monitor the site for swelling, bleeding, and hematoma formation.
3.Place the left arm in a dependent position for 24 hours. The biopsy site would be elevated for 24 hours to reduce edema, not placed in a dependent position. Other aspects of care include monitoring the site for swelling, bleeding, and hematoma formation; monitoring vital signs; and administering analgesics for site discomfort. Focus on the subject, postprocedure bone biopsy. Note the word contraindicated. This indicates a negative event query and the need to select an incorrect intervention. Evaluate the various interventions, knowing that the procedure is done under local anesthesia. This should help you eliminate each of the other interventions because they are all part of normal postprocedure care following biopsy.
A client is experiencing an acute exacerbation of bursitis. The nurse encourages the client to avoid which least likely helpful measure until the current episode is resolved? 1.Resting the joint 2.Applying moist heat 3.Elevation of the joint 4.Active intermittent range of motion
4.Active intermittent range of motion The least likely helpful measure for the client with acute exacerbation of bursitis is active intermittent range of motion. Local measures that help relieve bursitis (inflammation of a bursa) include joint rest, elevation, and the application of heat. Exercise is not helpful during the acute stage. In addition, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, analgesics, and short-term systemic corticosteroids may be prescribed. Note the subject, the least likely helpful measure for acute exacerbation of bursitis that needs to be avoided. Knowing that the disorder is characterized by inflammation will assist in directing you to the least likely helpful measure. Also, noting the word active in the least likely helpful measure and recalling the principles of inflammation, exercise, and heat applications will assist in answering correctly.
