French 402 Notes

envoyer à

to sent to

mettre la table

to set the table

se raser

to shave

montrer à

to show to

signer

to sign

s'asseoir

to sit down

éternuer

to sneeze

salir

to soil/to make dirty

parler à

to speak to

démarrer

to startup

rester

to stay

garder la ligne

to stay slim

arrêter de

to stop

s'arrêter

to stop

arrêter (de faire quelque chose)

to stop (doing something)

réussir à

to succeed to

souffrir

to suffer (conjugates like -er verbs in the present tense)

suggérer que...

to suggest that...

surfer sur Internet

to surf the Internet

surprendre

to surprise

balayer

to sweep

enfler

to swell

prendre

to take

prendre une douche

to take a shower

se promener

to take a walk

s'occuper (de)

to take care of/to keep oneself busy

sortir la/les poubelle(s)

to take out the trash

se parler

to talk to oneself (often has indirect object)

goûter

to taste

penser que...

to think that...

jeter

to throw away

ranger

to tidy up/to put away

tourner

to turn

-ment

to turn an adjective that ends in a consonant into an adverb, take the feminine form of the adjective and add ______

éteindre

to turn off

allumer

to turn on

se fouler la cheville

to twist/sprain one's ankle

comprendre

to understand

se déshabiller

to undress

passer l'aspirateur

to vacuum

fait la queue

to wait in line

se réveiller

to wake (oneself) up

réveiller

to wake (someone else)

vouloir

to want (doesn't need a preposition)

vouloir

to want (to)

vouloir que...

to want that...

désirer que...

to want/desire that...

laver

to wash

se laver (les mains)

to wash oneself (one's hands)

faire sa toilette

to wash up

gaspiller

to waste

Auquel envoyez-vous vos lettres?

to whom are you sending your letters?

à qui parle Julie?

to whom does Julie speak?

souhaiter que...

to wish that...

retirer de l'argent

to withdraw money

se demander

to wonder (for oneself) (often has indirect object)

s'inquiéter

to worry

lui

to/for him/her (indirect object pronoun)

me

to/for me (indirect object pronoun)

leur

to/for them (indirect object pronoun)

nous

to/for us (indirect object pronoun)

te

to/for you (indirect object pronoun)

vous

to/for you (indirect object pronoun)

un grille-pain

toaster

un orteil

toe

t'en

toi + en

t'y

toi + y

la tomate

tomato

un office du tourisme

tourist office

demonstrative pronouns

translate as this/that/the one or these/those/the ones

-es

tu subjunctive ending

le thon

tuna

jusqu'à

until

nous

us (direct object pronoun)

nous

us (disjunctive pronouns)

si

use ___ alone with the imparfait to make a suggestion or to express a wish

moi, toi

use _____ and _____ instead of me and te in affirmative commands

de

use _____ to express "in" or "of"

lequel

use ______ in it's different forms to ask a question about someone or something previously mentioned

devoir

use _______ with an infinitive to mean to have to

moins + (adjective or adverb) + que

use ______________ to say "less than"

plus + (adjective or adverb) + que

use _______________ to say "more than"

double object pronouns

use both direct and indirect object pronouns in the same sentence

le conditionnel

used to say what you would do or what would happen under certain circumstances

d'habitude

usually

reflexive verbs

usually describe what someone does to or for themself

le légume

vegetable

passé récent

venir can also be used with de and an infinitive to say that something just happened, this is called the _______

two-stem

verbs do not have the same verb stem in the nous and vous forms compared to the other forms (verbs that have a different conjugation in the imparfait than they do as regular verbs)

one-stem

verbs have the same verb stem in all forms (verbs that have identical imparfait and regular verb conjugation)

depuis

verbs used with ________ are often in the present tense

très

very

avoir

voir, croire, recevoir, and apercevoir all take ________ in the passé composé

-iez

vous subjunctive ending

la taille

waist

le mur

wall

un lave-linge

washing machine

nous sommes devenu(e)s

we became

nous devenons

we become

nous croyons

we believe

nous sommes venu(e)s

we came

nous sommes revenu(e)s

we came back

nous pouvons

we can

nous apercevons

we catch sight of

nous venons

we come

nous revenons

we come back

nous venons cuisiner

we come to cook

nous n'avons pas parlé

we did not speak/we have not spoken

nous buvions

we drank/ used to drink/were drinking

nous nous séchons

we dry (ourselves)

nous nous endormons

we fall asleep

nous finissions

we finished/ used to finish/were finishing

nous nous levons

we get (ourselves) up

nous nous ennuyons

we get bored

nous avions

we had/used to have/were having

nous devons cuisiner

we have to cook

nous avons retenu

we held back

nous avons tenu

we held on

nous retenons

we hold back

nous tenons

we hold on

nous venons de venir

we just came

nous savons

we know/ understand

nous connaissons

we know/are familiar with

nous apprenions

we learned/ used to learn/were learning

nous écoutons le prof

we listen to the professor

nous écoutons le prof qui parle vite

we listen to the professor who speaks fast

nous maintenons

we maintain

nous avons maintenu

we maintained

nous avons pu cuisiner

we managed to cook

nous devons

we must

nous avons dû cuisiner

we must have cooked/had to cook

nous nous apercevons (de)

we notice

nous courions

we ran/used to run/were running

nous recevons

we receive

nous nous souvenons

we remember

nous disions

we said/used to say/were saying

nous voyons

we see

nous revoyons

we see again

nous nous rasons

we shave (ourselves)

nous nous asseyons

we sit down

nous skiions

we skied/used to ski/were skiing

nous avons dormi

we slept/we have slept

nous vendions

we sold/used to sell/were selling

nous avons parlé

we spoke

nous parlions

we spoke/ used to speak/were speaking

nous avons parlé

we spoke/we have spoken

nous commencions

we started/used to start/were starting

nous nous promenons

we take a walk

nous avons beaucoup parlé

we talked a lot

nous voyagions

we traveled/used to travel/were traveling

nous voulons

we want

nous sommes allé(e)s

we went

nous étions

we were/ used to be/were being

nous parlerons

we will speak

nous réussirons

we will succeed

nous attendrons

we will wait

nous nous inquiétons

we worry

nous serions

we would be

nous pourrions

we would be able to

nous nous appellerions

we would be called

nous achèterions

we would buy

nous nettoierions

we would clean

nous viendrions

we would come

nous mourrions

we would die

nous ferions

we would do

nous irions

we would go

nous aurions

we would have

nous devrions

we would have had to

nous espérerions

we would hope

nous saurions

we would know

nous paierions/ payerions

we would pay

nous enverrions

we would send

nous parlerions

we would speak

nous réussirions

we would succeed

nous attendrions

we would wait

nous voudrions

we would want

nous nous appelons

we're called

nous y allons

we're going (there)

nous allons chez le medecin

we're going to the doctor's

bien

well

tu voyais des films?

were you watching the films?

adverbs

what describe when, where, and how actions take place, modify verbs, adjectives, and even other adverbs

Être

what has an irregular form in the imparfait

si nous achetions une imprimante?

what if we bought a printer?

y

when __ and en are used in a sentence together, __ comes before en

devoir

when ______ is followed by a noun, it means to owe

vouloir

when _______ is used with the infinitive of dire to mean "to mean"

indirect

when a noun directly follows a reflexive verb with no preposition in between, the reflexive pronoun is _____

direct

when a reflexive verb is followed by a preposition + noun, the reflexive pronoun is the ______ object

follows

when a reflexive verb is used with a preposition, the preposition _______ the reflexive verb

main clause

when a si clause is used to express what is likely to happen in the future, the present tense is used in the si clause, following the word si and le futur simple is used in the _______

infinitive

when an _______ follows the conjugated verb the direct object pronoun comes before the _______

infinitive

when an _______ follows the conjugated verb the indirect object pronoun comes before the ______

indicitive

when the main clause expresses certainty with a main clause-que-subordinate clause construction, the main clause uses the _______

past participle

when the passé composé is used with a direct object pronoun the ______ must agree with the direct object in both gender and number

definite article

when used with a _________, infinitives used with a preposition do not contract

main

when using the main clause-que-subordinate clause construction with subjunctive statements, the ______ clause can also convey doubt, disbelief, or uncertainty

follow

when y and en are used with a direct or indirect object, they _______ the direct or indirect object

passé composé

when you use the __________ with a form of lequel, the past participle agrees in gender and number with the form of lequel you're using if it is replacing an indirect object

où

where/when/in which

laquelle

which one (fem.)

lequel

which one (masc.)

près duquel marchez-vous?

which one do you walk near?

lequel choisirez-vous?

which one will you chose?

lesquelles

which ones (fem.)

lesquels

which ones (masc.)

Lesquelles avez-vous choisies?

which ones did you choose?

quel produit choisirez-vous?

which product will you choose?

qui

who/that/which

pire(s)

worse

un yaourt

yogurt

vous

you (direct object pronoun)

vous

you (disjunctive pronouns)

te

you (infrm.) (direct object pronoun)

toi

you (infrm.) (disjunctive pronouns)

tu voyais toujours un film le vendredi

you always saw a film on Friday

vous traversez l'avenue

you are crossing the avenue

vous traversez l'avenue que je connais bien

you are crossing the avenue that I know well

vous arrivez à la banque

you arrive at the bank

vous êtes devenu(e)(s)

you became

tu es devenu(e)

you became (infrm.)

vous devenez

you become

tu deviens

you become (infrm.)

vous croyez

you believe

tu crois

you believe (infrm.)

vous êtes venu(e)(s)

you came

tu es venu(e)

you came (infrm.)

vous êtes revenu(e)(s)

you came back

tu es revenu(e)

you came back (infrm.)

vous pouvez

you can

tu peux

you can (infrm.)

plus mauvais

you can also use ________ to mean "more bad"

le plus mauvais

you can also use _________ to mean "most bad"

le conditionnel

you can also use __________ to express what someone thought or said would happen in the future

main clause

you can also use le futur proche in the _______ instead of le futur simple

le conditionnel

you can use _______ to make a polite request, soften a demand, or express what someone could or should do

vous apercevez

you catch sight of

tu aperçois

you catch sight of (infrm.)

vous venez

you come

tu viens

you come (infrm.)

vous revenez

you come back

tu reviens

you come back (infrm.)

vous venez cuisiner

you come to cook

tu viens cuisiner

you come to cook (infrm.)

vous buviez

you drank/ used to drink/were drinking

tu buvais

you drank/ used to drink/were drinking (infrm.)

vous vous séchez

you dry (yourself)

tu te sèches

you dry (yourself) (infrm.)

vous vous endormez

you fall asleep

tu t'endors

you fall asleep (infrm.)

vous finissiez

you finished/ used to finish/were finishing

tu finissais

you finished/ used to finish/were finishing (infrm.)

reflexive pronoun

you form the imparfait for reflexive verbs the same way you would for regular verbs, just add the _______

vous vous levez

you get (yourself) up

tu te lèves

you get (yourself) up (infrm.)

vous vous ennuyez

you get bored

tu t'ennuies

you get bored (infrm.)

vous aviez

you had/used to have/were having

tu avais

you had/used to have/were having (infrm.)

vous devez cuisiner

you have to cook

tu dois cuisiner

you have to cook (infrm.)

vous avez retenu

you held back

tu as retenu

you held back (infrm.)

vous avez tenu

you held on

tu as tenu

you held on (infrm.)

vous retenez

you hold back

tu retiens

you hold back (infrm.)

vous tenez

you hold on

tu tiens

you hold on (infrm.)

vous venez de venir

you just came

tu viens de venir

you just came (infrm.)

vous savez

you know/ understand

tu sais

you know/ understand (infrm.)

vous connaissez

you know/are familiar with

tu connais

you know/are familiar with (infrm.)

vous appreniez

you learned/ used to learn/were learning

tu apprenais

you learned/ used to learn/were learning (infrm.)

vous maintenez

you maintain

tu maintiens

you maintain (infrm.)

vous avez maintenu

you maintained

tu as maintenu

you maintained (infrm.)

vous avez pu cuisiner

you managed to cook

tu as pu cuisiner

you managed to cook (infrm.)

vous devez

you must

tu dois

you must (infrm.)

tu as dû cuisiner

you must have cooked/ had to cook (infrm.)

vous avez dû cuisiner

you must have cooked/had to cook

imparfait

you must use the _______ to express past habitual actions in French

vous vous apercevez (de)

you notice

tu t'aperçois (de)

you notice (infrm.)

vous me devez cinq euros

you owe me 5 euros

vous couriez

you ran/used to run/were running

tu courais

you ran/used to run/were running (infrm.)

vous recevez

you receive

tu reçois

you receive (infrm.)

vous vous souvenez

you remember

tu te souviens

you remember (infrm.)

tu disais

you said/ used to say/ were saying (infrm.)

vous disiez

you said/used to say/were saying

tu as vu le film

you saw the film

tu as vu le film et tu es rentré

you saw the film and you returned home

tu as vu le film deux fois

you saw the film twice

vous voyez

you see

tu vois

you see (infrm.)

vous revoyez

you see again

tu revois

you see again (infrm.)

tu te rases

you shave (yourself) (infrm.)

vous vous rasez

you shave yourself)

vous devriez acheter une imprimante

you should buy a printer

vous vous asseyez

you sit down

tu t'assieds

you sit down (infrm.)

vous skiiez

you skied/used to ski/were skiing

tu skiais

you skied/used to ski/were skiing (infrm.)

vous vendiez

you sold/ used to sell/ were selling

tu vendais

you sold/ used to sell/ were selling (infrm.)

vous avez parlé

you spoke (frm.)

tu as parlé

you spoke (infrm.)

vous parliez

you spoke/ used to speak/were speaking

tu parlais

you spoke/ used to speak/were speaking (infrm.)

vous commenciez

you started/used to start/were starting

tu commençais

you started/used to start/were starting (infrm.)

vous vous promenez

you take a walk

tu te promènes

you take a walk (infrm.)

tu m'as parlé de l'huile

you talked to me about the oil

vous voyagiez

you traveled/used to travel/were traveling

tu voyageais

you traveled/used to travel/were traveling (infrm.)

vous voulez

you want

tu veux

you want (infrm.)

vous êtes allé(e)(s)

you went

tu es allé(e)

you went (infrm.)

tu avais triste

you were sad

vous étiez

you were/ used to be/were being

tu étais

you were/ used to be/were being (infrm.)

vous parlerez

you will speak

tu parleras

you will speak (infrm.)

vous réussirez

you will succeed

tu réussiras

you will succeed (infrm.)

vous attendrez

you will wait

tu attendras

you will wait (infrm.)

vous vous inquiétez

you worry

tu t'inquiètes

you worry (infrm.)

vous seriez

you would be

tu serais

you would be (infrm.)

vous pourriez

you would be able to

tu pourrais

you would be able to (infrm.)

vous vous appelleriez

you would be called

tu t'appellerais

you would be called (infrm.)

vous achèteriez

you would buy

tu achèterais

you would buy (infrm.)

vous nettoieriez

you would clean

tu nettoierais

you would clean (infrm.)

vous viendriez

you would come

tu viendrais

you would come (infrm.)

vous mourriez

you would die

tu mourrais

you would die (infrm.)

vous feriez

you would do

tu ferais

you would do (infrm.)

vous iriez

you would go

tu irais

you would go (infrm.)

vous auriez

you would have

tu aurais

you would have (infrm.)

vous devriez

you would have had to

tu devrais

you would have had to (infrm.)

vous espéreriez

you would hope

tu espérerais

you would hope (infrm.)

vous sauriez

you would know

tu saurais

you would know (infrm.)

vous paierie/ payeriez

you would pay

tu paierais/ payerais

you would pay (infrm.)

vous enverriez

you would send

tu enverrais

you would send (infrm.)

vous parleriez

you would speak

tu parlerais

you would speak (infrm.)

vous réussiriez

you would succeed

tu réussirais

you would succeed (infrm.)

vous attendriez

you would wait

tu attendrais

you would wait (infrm.)

vous voudriez

you would want

tu voudrais

you would want (infrm.)

vous vous appelez

you're called

tu t'appelles

you're called (infrm.)

vous

yourself (reflective)

te

yourself (reflective) (infrm.)

un appareil photo (nomérique)

(digital) camera

une espèce (menacée)

(endagered) species

un plat (principal)

(main) dish

(mal)heureusement ((un)fortunately)

(mal)heureux (un)happy (m.) becomes ______ as an adverb

une chaîne (de télévision)

(television) channel

le mieux

(the) best

le/la/les meilleur(e)(s)

(the) best

le/la/les pire(s)

(the) worst

s'adorer

(to adore (one another)

s'entendre bien

(to get along well (with one another)

s'aider

(to help (one another)

s'embrasser

(to kiss (one another)

se connaître

(to know (one another)

se quitter

(to leave (one another)

se regarder

(to look at (one another)

s'aimer (bien)

(to love (like) (one another)

se retrouver

(to meet (one another) (planned)

se rencontrer

(to meet (one another) (to make an acquaintance)

se téléphoner

(to phone (call) (one another)

se parler

(to talk (to one another)

se dire

(to tell (one another)

s'écrire

(to write ((to) one another)

(tout) près (de)

(very) close (to)

manges-en!

(you (infrm.)) eat a few (of the apples)!

mange de pommes!

(you (infrm.)) eat some apples!

vas-y!

(you (infrm.)) go to it (the store)!

va le magasin!

(you (infrm.)) go to the store!

Alain et Diane se regardent

Alain and Diane look (at each other)

Alain et Diane se sont aidés

Alain et Diane helped each other

Alain et Diane se sont regardé

Alain et Diane looked at each other

Alain a aidée Diane

Alain helped Diane

Alain a regardé Diane

Alain looked at Diane

Alain se regarde

Alain looks (at himself)

un lecteur (de) DVD/CD

DVD/CD player

Diane a regardé Alain

Diane Looked at Alain

Diane et Julie se sont aidées

Diane and Julie helped each other

Diane et Julie se sont regardé

Diane and Julie looked at each other

Diane a aidé Alain

Diane helped Alain

j'y suis

I am (there)

j'ai toujours faim

I am always hungry

je vais en être

I am going to be (of it)

je vais fermer

I am going to close

je vais y aller

I am going to go (there)

je vais le lui rendre

I am going to return it to her

je suis heureuse de dormir huite heures par jour

I am happy that I slept eight hours a day

j'évite de fermer

I avoid closing

je suis devenu(e)

I became

je deviens

I become

je commence à fermer

I begin to close

je crois

I believe

je le crois

I believe him

je l'ai cru

I believed it

je suis venu(e)

I came

je suis revenu(e)

I came back

je suis revenue pendant une heure

I came back for one hour

je peux

I can

je peux fermer

I can close

j'aperçois

I catch sight of

je l'aperçois

I catch sight of him

je l'ai aperçu

I caught a glimpse of it

je choisis celui-la

I choose that one there

je choisis celui

I choose this one

Je choisis celui-ci

I choose this one here

je viens

I come

je reviens

I come back

je viens cuisiner

I come to cook

je continue à fermer

I continue to close

je décide de fermer

I decide to close

je décide de les télécharger

I decide to download them

j'exige dormir huite heures par jour

I demand to sleep eight hours a day

je ne me suis pas rasé

I did not shave (myself)

je n'en ai mangé aucun

I didn't eat any of them

je buvais

I drank/ used to drink/was drinking

je rêve de fermer

I dream of/about closing

je me sèche

I dry (myself)

je ne mange rien

I eat nothing

je m'endors

I fall asleep

je finis de fermer

I finish closing

je finissais

I finished/ used to finish/was finishing

j'oublie de fermer

I forget to close

j'ai sais qu'il y a avait une fête

I found out there was a party

je me lève

I get (myself) up

je m'ennuie

I get bored

j'avais

I had/used to have/was having

je déteste fermer

I hate to close

j'en a beaucoup

I have a lot (of it)

je reviens depuis mai

I have been back since May

je viens de fermer

I have just closed

je n'ai aucune faim

I have no hunger

je ne le lui ai pas rendu

I have not returned it to her

je dois cuisiner

I have to cook

j'en a deux

I have two (of it

j'ai retenu

I held back

j'ai tenu

I held on

j'aide à fermer

I help to close

j'hésite à fermer

I hesitate to close

je retiens

I hold back

je tiens

I hold on

j'espère fermer

I hope to close

je viens de venir

I just came

je le connais

I know him

je sais que

I know that

je sais fermer

I know to close

je connais

I know/am familiar with

je sais

I know/understand

je connais bien l'avenue

I kow the avenue well

j'apprends à fermer

I learn to close

j'apprenais

I learned/ used to learn/was learning

j'aime fermer

I like to close

j'adore fermer

I love to close

je maintiens

I maintain

j'ai maintenu

I maintained

j'arrive à fermer

I manage to close

j'arrive à lui envoyer l'argent

I manage to send him the money

j'ai pu cuisiner

I managed to cook

je veux dire le contraire

I mean the opposite

je l'ai connu

I met him for the first time

je dois

I must

je dois fermer

I must close

j'ai dû cuisiner

I must have cooked/had to cook

je ne mange jamais rien

I never eat anything

je m'aperçois (de)

I notice

je m'aperçois

I notice myself

je m'amuse à fermer

I pass the time by closing

je suis passé(e)

I passed by

je préfère fermer

I prefer to close

je me prépare à fermer

I prepare to close

je courais

I ran/ used to run/was running

je reçois

I receive

je le reçois

I receive it

je le reconnais

I recognize him

je refuse de fermer

I refuse to close

je n'ai pas voulu cuisiner

I refused to cook

je me souviens

I remember

je me souviens que

I remember that

je le lui rends

I return it to her

je rends le menu à la serveuse

I return the menu to the server

je la lui ai rendue

I returned it (f.) to her

je le lui ai rendu

I returned it to her

je les lui ai rendu(e)s

I returned them to her

je disais

I said/used to say/was saying

je me suis assis

I sat (myself)

je l'ai vu

I saw it

je l'ai reçu

I saw it again

je vois

I see

je revois

I see again

je le vois

I see him

je le revois

I see him again

je me rase

I shave (myself)

je me suis rasé

I shaved (myself)

je me la suis rasée

I shaved it (f.) (myself)

je me le suis rasé

I shaved it (m.) (myself)

je me le suis rasé

I shaved it (myself)

je me les suis rasé(e)s

I shaved them (myself)

je m'assieds

I sit down

je m'assieds là

I sit down there

je skiais

I skied/used to ski/was skiing

je vendais

I sold/used to sell/was selling

j'ai passé

I spent time

j'ai parlé

I spoke

je parlais

I spoke/used to speak/was speaking

je commençais

I started/used to start/was starting

j'arrête de fermer

I stop closing

je réussis à fermer

I succeed in closing

je me promène

I take a walk

je m'occupe de fermer

I take care of closing

je l'ai sorti

I took it/him out

je voyageais

I traveled/used to travel/was traveling

je me rasais

I used to shave (myself)

je me réveille

I wake (myself) up

je le réville

I wake him up

je veux

I want

je veux fermer

I want to close

j'en ai été

I was (of it)

je n'ai jamais eu faim

I was never hungry

je n'ai eu que faim

I was only hungry

j'avais triste, donc j'ai vu un film

I was sad, so I watched a movie

je voyais des films quand tu suis rentré

I was watching films when you returned home

j'étais

I was/used to be/was being

je suis allé(e)

I went

j'y suis allé

I went (there)

je lui y suis allé avec

I went (there) with him

je suis sorti(e)

I went out

je le croirais

I will believe it

je le apercevrais

I will catch a glimpse of it

je le verrais

I will see it

je le recevrais

I will see it again

je parlerai

I will speak

je réussirai

I will succeed

je attendrai

I will wait

je m'inquiète

I worry

j'achetais des imprimantes pour lui

I would (used to) buy printers for him

je serais

I would be

je pourrais

I would be able to

je m'appellerais

I would be called

je serais très heureuse si vous achetiez une imprimante

I would be very happy if you bought a printer

j'achèterais

I would buy

j'achèterais des imprimantes pour lui si je pouvais

I would buy printers for him if I could

je nettoierais

I would clean

je viendrais

I would come

je mourrais

I would die

je ferais

I would do

j'irais

I would go

j'aurais

I would have

je devrais

I would have had to

j'espérerais

I would hope

je saurais

I would know

je voudrais que vous achetez une imprimante

I would like you to buy a printer

je paierais/ payerais

I would pay

j'enverrais

I would send

je parlerais

I would speak

je réussirais

I would succeed

j'attendrais

I would wait

je voudrais

I would want

je veux bien le contraire

I'd really like the opposite

J'apporte les CD

I'm bringing the CDs

j'apporte les CD que j'ai acheté

I'm bringing the CDs (that) I bought

j'apporte les CD que je vais acheter

I'm bringing the CDs (that) I'm going to buy

je m'appelle

I'm called

je vais acheter les CD

I'm going to buy the CDs

je n'ai ni faim ni soif

I'm neither hungry nor thirsty

je n'ai jamais faim

I'm never hungry

je n'ai plus faim

I'm no longer hungry

je n'ai que faim

I'm only hungry

Julie et Lise sont allées

Julie and Lise went

Julie ne lui a pas parlé

Julie did not speak to her

Julie ne lui parle pas

Julie does not speak to her

Julie ne l'emmène pas

Julie does not take her

Julie va lui parler

Julie is going to speak to her

Julie va l'emmener

Julie is going to take her

Julie l'emmène

Julie is taking her

Julie emmène sa mère

Julie is taking her mom

Julie est très grande

Julie is very tall/large

Julie a parlé rarement

Julie rarely spoke

Julie t'envoie un email

Julie sends you an email

Julie lui parle

Julie speaks to her

Julie parle à sa mère

Julie speaks to her mother

Julie parle bien?

Julie speaks well?

Julie lui a parlé

Julie spoke to her

Julie a bien parlé

Julie spoke well

Julie parle à elle

Julie talks to her

Julie est emmenée Lise

Julie took Lise

Julie est emmené Marc

Julie took Marc

Julie l'est emmenée

Julie took her

Julie l'est emmené

Julie took him

Julie est allée

Julie went

Julie, elle est grande

Julie, she is tall

Marc et Julie sont allés

Marc and Julie went

Marc est allé

Marc went

simple tense

The imparfait is a ______ which means it doesn't need an auxiliary verb

dont

The relative pronoun ______ can either be used with an expression that requires de or to imply possession

-ment

To turn an adjective that ends in a vowel into an adverb, take the masculine form of the adjective and add ______

relative pronouns

______ can be omitted in English, but not in French

dire, lire, faire

______,____, and _____ have a similar irregular conjugation in the imparfait

object

_______ pronouns come before y and en

un voyant (d'essence/ d'huile)

a (gas/oil) warning light

un réseau (social)

a (social) network

une forêt (tropicale)

a (tropical) forest

une portière

a (vehicle) door

un capot

a (vehicle) hood

un moteur

a (vehicle) motor

un CD/ compact disc/ disque compact

a CD

un enregistreur DVR

a DVR recorder

se

a ___ before a verb infinitive identifies the verb as a reflexive verb

direct object

a ______ follows a verb and answers the question "whom?" or "what?"

direct object

a ______ receives the action of a verb directly

une banque

a bank

un salon de beauté

a beauty salon

un banc

a bench

un boulevard

a boulevard

une boutique

a boutique/store

un pont

a bridge

un bâtiment

a building

un pare-chocs

a bumper

une brasserie

a cafe/ restaurant

une voiture

a car

une catastrophe

a catastrophe

un portable

a cell phone

un compte de chèques

a checking account

une falaise

a cliff

un embrayage

a clutch

une côte

a coast

un rhume

a cold

un peigne

a comb

un angle

a corner

un coin

a corner

une vache

a cow

un cybercafé

a cybercafé

un danger

a danger/ threat

un désert

a desert

de la fièvre

a fever

un champ

a field

un fichier

a file

une amende

a fine

un doigt

a finger

un pneu crevé

a flat tire

un pied

a foot

une fontaine

a fountain

une station- service

a gas station

une herbe

a grass

un effet de serre

a green house affect

une population croissante

a growing population

une brosse à cheveux

a hairbrush

un disque dur

a hard disk

une autoroute

a highway

un page d'accueil

a home page

une bijouterie

a jewelry store

un clavier

a keyboard

un lac

a lake

un glissement de terrain

a landslide

une laverie

a laundromat

une jambe

a leg

un lien

a link

une boîte aux lettres

a mailbox

un(e) mécanicien(ne)

a mechanic

un moniteur

a monitor

une souris

a mouse

une ressource naturelle

a natural resource

un marchand de journaux

a newsstand

une énergie nucléaire (f.)

a nuclear energy

un(e) infirmier/ infirmière

a nurse

un colis

a parcel

un mot de passe

a password

un sentier

a path

une plante

a plant

un agent de police/un policier (une policière)

a police officer

un commissariat de police

a police station

un nuage de pollution

a pollution cloud

un bureau de poste

a post office

une carte postale

a postcard

une imprimante

a printer

un produit

a product

un lapin

a rabbit

un rasoir

a razor

un rétroviseur

a rearview mirror

une région

a region

une télécommande

a remote control

une rivière

a river (f.)

un fleuve

a river (m.)

un compte d'épargne

a savings account

un écran

a screen

une ceinture de sécurité

a seat belt

un smartphone

a smartphone

un serpent

a snake

un logiciel

a software/ program

une énergie solaire

a solar energy

un écureuil

a squirrel

un timbre

a stamp

une étoile

a star

une papeterie

a stationery store

une statue

a statue

un volant

a steering wheel

une pierre

a stone

une rue

a street

une cabine téléphonique

a telephone booth

un poste de télévision

a television set

un texto/SMS

a text message

un doigt de pied

a toe

une brosse à dents

a tooth brush

une tablette (tactile)

a touchpad

une serviette de bain

a towel

une mairie

a town/city hall/mayor's office

un arbre

a tree

un coffre

a trunk

une vailée

a valley

un jeu(x) vidéo

a video game(s)

un volcan

a volcano

un chemin

a way/path

un site Internet/web

a website

un pare-brise

a windshield

un bois

a wood

activement (actively)

actif active (m.) becomes _______ as an adverb

de

add ____ before the infinitive when the subordinate verb is être

le

adverbs are invariable, so you always use ___ to form the superlative

un goûter

afternoon snack

encore

again

lequel

agrees in gender and number with the noun to which it refers

tout d'un coup

all of the sudden

subjunctive

aller, pouvoir, savoir, and vouloir are also irregular in the ________

une allergie

allergy

déjà

already

aller

also keeps it's -s in affirmitate commands with y and en

demonstrative pronouns

also refer to something or someone that has previously been mentioned

toujours

always

toujours

always/still

une roue (de secours)

an (emergency) tire

un distributeur automatique/de billets

an ATM

un lecteur MP3

an MP3 player

indirect object

an ______ often has a reflexive pronoun that means "for oneself" or "of oneself"

indirect object

an ______ receives the action of a verb indirectly

indirect object

an _______ follows a verb and answers the question "to whom?" "for whom?" "to what?" or "for what?"

indirect object pronoun

an _______ replaces an indirect object noun and expresses "to" or "for whom" an action is done

une adresse

an address

un animal

an animal

un bras

an arm

une avenue

an avenue

imparfait

an be used to describe past emotional, mental, or physical states or conditions

une écologie

an eacology

une oreille

an ear

un écotourisme

an ecotourism

un e-mail

an email

une enveloppe

an envelope

un environnement

an enviroment

une dépense

an expenditure/ expense

une extinction

an extinction

un œil/des yeux

an eye/eyes

à

an indirect object pronoun is often followed by the preposition __

une blesseure

an injury

un carrefour

an intersection

une île

an island

une huile

an oil

un appartement

apartment

un hors- d'œuvre

appetizer

une entrée

appetizer/ starter

la pomme

apple

adverbs

are placed between the auxiliary verb and the past participle

Disjunctive pronouns

are used after prepositions, as a stand-alone answer, or for emphasis

object pronouns

are usually placed between the preposition and the infinitive

as-tu jamais faim?

are you ever hungry

un quartier

area/ nighborhood

le fauteuil

armchair

une armoire

armoire/ wardrobe

autour (de)

around

une aspirine

asprin

au coin (de)

at the corner (of)

au bout (de)

at the end (of)

à laquelle

at which one (fem.)

auquel

at which one (masc.)

auxquelles

at which ones (fem.)

auxquels

at which ones (masc.)

subjunctive

avoir, être, and faire have irregular ________ forms

le dos

back

mal au dos

back pain

mauvais(e)(s)

bad

le balcon

balcony

la banane

banana

le sous-sol

basement

une cave

basement/ cellar

la salle de bains

bathroom

un lavabo

bathroom sink

la baignoire

bathtub

la chambre

bedroom

le bœuf

beef

meilleur(e)(s)

better

mieux

better

une couverture

blanket

le corps

body

bien (well)

bon good (m.) becomes _____ as an adverb

un petit- déjeuner

breakfast

un balai

broom

un immeuble

building

indirect

but if the noun directly following a reflexive verb becomes a direct pronoun, the reflexive pronoun is _____

une boucherie

butcher's shop

une boîte (de conserve)

can

en

can also be used with a number when the previous sentences noun is followed by numbers expressing or dealing with quantity

aucun

can be either an adjective or a pronoun and as such it must agree with the noun it modifies or replaces

celui

can be followed by a prepositional phrase

celui

can be followed by a relative clause

celui

can be followed by either -ci (here) or -la (there)

pouvoir

can be used in the passé composé with an infinitive to express having mangeged to do something

imparfait

can be used to talk about an ongoing past action with no reference to it's begining or end

venir

can be used with just an infinitive to say that someone came to do something

pourriez-vous acheter une imprimante

can you buy a printer

la carotte

carrot

une joue

cheek

la poitrine

chest

le poulet

chicken

propre

clean

fermé(e)

closed

un placard

closet/ cupboard

un sèche-linge

clothes dryer

une cafetière

coffeemaker

des pièces de (la) monnaie

coins/change

venez me parler à la banque

come speak with me at the bank

venez me parler à la banque où vous arrivez

come speak with me at the bank when you arrive

ir-

conditionnel form of aller

aur-

conditionnel form of avoir

dvienr-

conditionnel form of devenir

devr-

conditionnel form of devoir

enverr-

conditionnel form of envoyer

fer-

conditionnel form of faire

maintienr-

conditionnel form of maintenir

mourr-

conditionnel form of mourir

pourr-

conditionnel form of pouvoir

revienr-

conditionnel form of revenir

saur-

conditionnel form of savoir

tienr-

conditionnel form of tenir

viendr-

conditionnel form of venir

voudr-

conditionnel form of vouloir

ser-

conditionnel form of être

apercevr-

conditionnelle root of apercevoir

croir-

conditionnelle root of croire

recevr-

conditionnelle root of recevoir

verr-

conditionnelle root of voir

constamment (constantly)

constant constant (m.) becomes ______ as an adverb

le canapé

couch

la crème

cream

le(s) rideau(x)

curtains

une charcuterie

delicatessen

un(e) dentiste

dentist

déprimé(e)

depressed

me suis-je rasé?

did I shave (myself)?

avez-vous parlé?

did you speak? (inversion)

une salle à manger

dining room

un dîner

dinner

à table

dinner is ready

direct object nouns

direct object pronouns replace ________

sale

dirty

un lave-vaisselle

dishwasher

veux-tu manger quelque chose?

do you want to eat something?

s'endormir is conjugated like ________

dormir

un tiroir

drawer

la commode

dresser

un permis de conduire

driver's license

écologique

ecological

un œuf

egg

une aubergine

eggplant

un appareil électrique/ ménager

electrical/household appliance

la salle des urgences

emergency room

un escargot

escargot; snail

jamais

ever

tous les jours

every day

nous, vous

except for the ______ and ________ forms, all -er, -ir, and -re verbs conjugate exactly the same

subjunctive

except for the nous and vous forms, you form the indicative by dropping the -ent ending from the ils/elles form of the word and adding the ___________ endings

reciprocal reflexive verbs

express a shared or reciprocal action shared between two or more people or things

superlatives

express that something is to the highest degree

si clauses

express what would happen if something contrary to fact was happening

vouloir bien

expresses willingness

le visage

face

facilement (politely)

facile (easy) becomes _______ as an adverb

une usine

factory

fallait

falloir conjugates to _____ in the imparfait

une poissonnerie

fish shop

une fleur

flower

la grippe

flu

un aliment

food item

la nourriture

food/ sustenance

-e

for -re verbs, you drop the final ____ from the end of the infintive for le futur simple just like for le conditionnel

negative statements

for __________ place ne and pas around the reflective pronoun and the reflexive verb

de

for the expressions avoir peure..., regretter... and expressions that start with être, add ___ before the infinitive

un salon

formal living/sitting room

franchement (frankly)

franc frank (m.) becomes _______ as an adverb

un congélateur

freezer

de temps en temps

from time to time

le fruit

fruit

le garage

garage

un jardin

garden/yard

une ail

garlic

réservoir d'essence

gas tank

gentiment (nicely)

gentil nice (m.) becomes _____ as an adverb

aller aux urgences/à la pharmacie

go to the emergency room/to the pharmacy

bien

good

bon(nne)(s)

good

un governement

government

un haricot vert

green bean

s'asseoir

has spelling changes in all forms

s'appeler

has spelling changes in the singular forms and the third person plural form

se souvenir (de)

has the same spelling changes as venir

il s'est brossé les cheveux

he brushes the hair of himself

il ne se rase pas

he doesn't shave (himself)

il s'est endormi

he fell asleep (himself)

il s'est amusé

he had fun

il va se raser

he is going to shave (himself)

il en est le chef

he is the leader (of it)

il est le chef de l'équipe

he is the leader of the team

il vient de se raser

he just shaved (himself)

il s'est rasé les cheveux

he shaved the hair of himself

il a dit que nous achèterions une imprimante

he thought that we would buy a printer

il s'est inquiété de l'examen

he was worried about the exam

il s'est lavé le visage

he washes the face of himself

il est allé

he went

il/elle/on a parlé

he/she/it/ one spoke

il/elle/on buvait

he/she/one/ it drank/ used to drink/was drinking

il/elle/on s'endort

he/she/one/ it falls asleep

il/elle/on s'appelle

he/she/one/ it is called

il/elle/on apprenait

he/she/one/ it learned/ used to learn/was learning

il/elle/on se souvient

he/she/one/ it remembers

il/elle/on disait

he/she/one/ it said/ used to say/was saying

il/elle/on s'assied

he/she/one/ it sits down

il/elle/on parlerait

he/she/one/ it would speak

il/elle/on réussirait

he/she/one/ it would succeed

il/elle/on attendrait

he/she/one/ it would wait

il/elle/on est devenu(e)

he/she/one/it became

il/elle/on devient

he/she/one/it becomes

il/elle/on croit

he/she/one/it believes

il/elle/on est venu(e)

he/she/one/it came

il/elle/on est revenu(e)

he/she/one/it came back

il/elle/on peut

he/she/one/it can

il/elle/on aperçoit

he/she/one/it catches sight of

il/elle/on vient

he/she/one/it comes

il/elle/on revient

he/she/one/it comes back

il/elle/on vient cuisiner

he/she/one/it comes to cook

il/elle/on se sèche

he/she/one/it dry (himself)

il/elle/on finissait

he/she/one/it finished/ used to finish/was finishing

il/elle/on se lève

he/she/one/it get (himself) up

il/elle/on s'ennuie

he/she/one/it gets bored

il/elle/on avait

he/she/one/it had/used to have/was having

il/elle/on doit cuisiner

he/she/one/it has to cook

il/elle/on a retenu

he/she/one/it held back

il/elle/on a tenu

he/she/one/it held on

il/elle/on retient

he/she/one/it holds back

il/elle/on tient

he/she/one/it holds on

il/elle/on vient de venir

he/she/one/it just came

il/elle/on sait

he/she/one/it knows/ understand

il/elle/on connaît

he/she/one/it knows/is familiar with

il/elle/on a maintenu

he/she/one/it maintained

il/elle/on maintient

he/she/one/it maintains

il/elle/on a pu cuisiner

he/she/one/it managed to cook

il/elle/on doit

he/she/one/it must

il/elle/on a dû cuisiner

he/she/one/it must have cooked/had to cook

il/elle/on s'aperçoit (de)

he/she/one/it notices

il/elle/on courait

he/she/one/it ran/ used to run/was running

il/elle/on reçoit

he/she/one/it receives

il/elle/on voit

he/she/one/it sees

il/elle/on revoit

he/she/one/it sees again

il/elle/on se rase

he/she/one/it shaves (themselves)

il/elle/on skiait

he/she/one/it skied/used to ski/was skiing

il/elle/on vendait

he/she/one/it sold/used to sell/was selling

il/elle/on parlait

he/she/one/it spoke/used to speak/was speaking

il/elle/on commençait

he/she/one/it started/used to start/was starting

il/elle/on se promène

he/she/one/it takes a walk

il/elle/on voyageait

he/she/one/it traveled/used to travel/was traveling

il/elle/on veut

he/she/one/it wants

il/elle/on était

he/she/one/it was/used to be/was being

il/elle/on parlera

he/she/one/it will speak

il/elle/on réussira

he/she/one/it will succeed

il/elle/on attendra

he/she/one/it will wait

il/elle/on s'inquiète

he/she/one/it worries

il/elle/on serait

he/she/one/it would be

il/elle/on pourrait

he/she/one/it would be able to

il/elle/on s'appellerait

he/she/one/it would be called

il/elle/on achèterait

he/she/one/it would buy

il/elle/on nettoierait

he/she/one/it would clean

il/elle/on viendrait

he/she/one/it would come

il/elle/on mourrait

he/she/one/it would die

il/elle/on ferait

he/she/one/it would do

il/elle/on irait

he/she/one/it would go

il/elle/on aurait

he/she/one/it would have

il/elle/on devrait

he/she/one/it would have had to

il/elle/on espérerait

he/she/one/it would hope

il/elle/on saurait

he/she/one/it would know

il/elle/on paierait/ payerait

he/she/one/it would pay

il/elle/on enverrait

he/she/one/it would send

il/elle/on voudrait

he/she/one/it would want

mal à la tête

head ache

sai(e)

healthy

le cœur

heart

Relative pronouns

help combine two sentences into one longer, more complex sentence

la

her/it (direct object pronoun)

elle

her/it (disjunctive pronouns)

voici l'huile

here's the oil

voici l'huile dont tu m'as parlé

here's the oil (that) you talked to be about

le

him/it (direct object pronoun)

lui

him/it (disjunctive pronouns)

se

himself/herself/itself (reflective)

une tâche ménagère

household chore

un logement

housing

si j'ai faim, je mangerai

if I'm hungry, I will eat

si j'ai faim, je vais manger

if I'm hungry, I will eat

que

if _____ is followed by the passé composé, the past participle agrees in gender and number with the noun that ______ is standing in for

-amment, -emment

if an adjective ends in an -ant or an -ent replace the -ant or -ent with _______ or _______ respectively

-ement

if an adjective ends in an -lent add ______ to the end of the word

s'il achetait une imprimante, je serais très heureuse

if he bought a printer, I would be very happy

que

if the noun that the two sentences share in common is a direct object, you use ______

où

if the noun that the two sentences share in common is a place or period of time you use ____

dont

if the noun that the two sentences share in common is the object of the preposition, you use _____

qui

if the noun that the two sentences share in common is the subject of one of the sentences, you use _____

infinitive

if the subject is the same in both clauses, use the _______ instead of the subjunctive

between

if there is a conjugated verb followed by an infinitive, you place the double object pronouns _______ the conjugated verb and the infinitive

si vous achetiez une imprimante, je serais très heureuse

if you bought a printer, I would be very happy

-ent

ils/elles subjunctive ending

-e

ils/elles/on subjunctive ending

indirect object pronoun

in a negative sentence in the passé composé the _________ comes between ne and avoir

verb

in affirmative commands, the ______ is followed by the direct object pronoun which is followed by the indirect object pronoun

tu

in an affirmative ____ command, keep the -s at the end of an -er verb with y or en

verb

in command statements, y and en come after the _____ attached with a hyphen

en général

in general

around

in negative statements in the passé composé the ne and pas go _______ the double object pronoun and the conjugated verb

passé récent

in the _______ place the reflexive pronoun after venir de and before the infinitive

passé composé

in the _______ the words aucun, personne, and que follow the past participle

futur proche

in the ________ place the reflexive pronoun after aller and before the infinitive

passé composé

in the __________ the words jamais, plus, and rien are placed between the auxiliary verb and the past participle

passé composé

in the __________, the past participle does not agree with y or en and y and en come before both the auxilary verb and the past participle

main

in the main clause-que-subordinate clause construction of subjunctive statements, the ______ clause expresses a verb of will or emotion and the subordinate clause has a different subject and contracts in the subjunctive

avoir

in the passé composé the direct object pronoun comes before _____

avoir

in the passé composé the indirect object pronoun comes before _____

short adverbs

in the passé composé, ________ before the past participle

before

in the passé composé, the double object pronoun comes _______ both the conjugated verb and the past participle

direct object

in the passé composé, the past participle agrees with the ________

direct object

in the passé composé, the past participle agrees with the subject if the subject is also a _________

autrefois

in the past

savoir

in the past participle, ______ means "to have found out"

connaître

in the past participle, ________ means "to have met for the first time"

compris

included

un fer à repasser

iron

le futur simple

is a tense you can use to express what you will do or what will happen

devoir

is often used in the passé composé with an infinitive to speculate on what must have happened or to express what someone had to do

aucun

is used exclusively in the singular

passé composé

is used to narrate a series of past actions

passé composé

is used to talk about actions that started and ended in the past and which the speaker considers completed

passé composé

is used to talk about the beggining or end of a past action

connaître

is used when you can replace "know" with "are familiar with"

il est dommage que...

it is a shame that...

il vaut mieux que...

it is better that...

il est certain que...

it is certain that...

il est clair que...

it is clear that...

il est douteux que...

it is doubtful that...

il est essentiel que...

it is essential that...

il est indispensable que...

it is essential that...

il est bon que...

it is good that...

il est important que...

it is important that...

il est impossible que...

it is impossible that...

il est nécessaire que...

it is necessary that...

il n'est pas sûr que...

it is not sure that...

il est évident que...

it is obvious that...

il est possible que...

it is possible that...

il est sûr que...

it is sure that...

il est vrai que...

it is true that...

il n'est pas certain que...

it is uncertain that...

il n'est pas vrai que...

it is untrue that...

s'appeler

iterally means "to call oneself" but is used to say "one's name is" or "one is called"

doubled up

jamais, personne, plus, and rien can be __________

-e

je subjunctive ending

un kilo(gramme)

kilo(gramme)

une cuisine

kitchen

la lampe

lamp

le linge

laundry

une loi

law

conditionnel

le conditionnel for -er verbs is formed by adding the ________ endings to the infinitive

conditionnel

le conditionnel for -ir verbs is formed by adding the _________ endings to the infinitive

dropping

le conditionnel for -re verbs is formed by ______ the final -e from the -re ending and then adding the conditionnel endings to the infinitive

-a

le futur simple ending for il/elle/on

-ont

le futur simple ending for ils/elles

-ai

le futur simple ending for je

-ons

le futur simple ending for nous

-as

le futur simple ending for tu

-ez

le futur simple ending for vous

le conditionnel

le futur simple uses the same verb stems as but uses different verb endings

lentement (slowly)

lent slow (m.) becomes _____ as an adverb

la laitue

lettuce

acheter

lever is conjugated like _______

la salle de séjour

living room

un déjeuner

lunch

mal (badly)

mauvais poor (m.) becomes _____ as an adverb

la mayonnaise

mayonnaise

me

me (direct object pronoun)

moi

me (disjunctive pronouns)

m', t'

me and te become ___ and ___ before a vowel sound

un repas

meal

reconnaître

means "to recognize" and follows the same conjugation patterns as connaître

lequel

means "which one(s)"

savoir

means to know something from learning it

la viande

meat

un médicament (contre/pour)

medication (against/for)

un four à micro-ondes

microwave oven

le miroir

mirror

m'en

moi + en

m'y

moi + y

avoir

most verbs take _____ as their auxiliary verb

action

most verbs that take être in the passé composé express ____

surtout

mostly

beaucoup

much

le champignon

mushroom

celui

must be followed by one of three constructions

la moutarde

mustard

je m'appelle Danika

my name is Danika

mes parents exigent que je dorme huite heures par jour

my parents demand that I sleep eight hours a day

moi-même

myself

me

myself (reflective)

la nature

nature

ne...ni...ni

neither..., nor

jamais

never

ne...jamais

never (not ever)

ne...plus

no more (not anymore)

personne n'a faim

no one is hungry

direct object

no preposition is needed before a _______

ne...personne

nobody (no one)

ne...aucun(e)

none (not any)

le conditionnel

note that in English, "would" can be used to express past habitual actions, but you cannot use ________ to express past future actions

indirect object

note that the reflexive pronoun of a reflexive verb is either a direct or indirect pronuon, the past participle should agree with the direct object in gender and number but not for an _______

ne...rien

nothing (not anything)

rien n'a été mangé

nothing was eaten

-ions

nous subjunctive ending

de laquelle

of which one (fem.)

duquel

of which one (masc.)

desquelles

of which ones (fem.)

desquels

of which ones (masc.)

dont

of which/of whom

souvent

often

direct object

often when a reflexive verb is not followed by a noun, the reflexive pronoun is the ________

interrupting

often, when the passé composé and the imparfait occur in the same sentence, the passé composé is _______ the imparfait

l'huile d'olive

olive oil

une (deux, etc.) fois

once (twice, etc.)

il y a une heure, je suis revenue

one hour ago, I came back

il faut que...

one must/it is necessary that...

on est allé(e)

one went

un oignon

onion

ne...que

only

ouvert(e)

open

une orange

orange

nous

ourselves (reflective)

en plein air

outdoor/open-air

la surpopulation

overpopulation

une douleur

pain

un parking

parking lot

être

passer takes ____ to mean "to pass by"

avoir

passer takes ____ to mean "to spend time"

aperçu

past participle of apercevoir

appris

past participle of apprendre

eu

past participle of avoir

bu

past participle of boire

compris

past participle of comprendre

couru

past participle of courir

cru

past participle of croire

fait

past participle of faire

plu

past participle of pleuvoir

pris

past participle of prendre

reçu

past participle of recevoir

surpris

past participle of surprendre

venu(e)(s)

past participle of venir

vu

past participle of voir

été

past participle of être

des pâtes (f.)

pasta

une pâtisserie

pastry shop/ bakery

un(e) patient(e)

patient

patiemment (patiently)

patient patient (m.) becomes _____ as an adverb

le petit pois

pea

la pêche

peach

la poire

pear

le poivre

pepper

subject

personne and rien can be the _________ of a sentence, in which case they take the third person singular and are followed by ne and then the verb

peu (little)

petit small (m.) becomes _____ as an adverb

un(e) pharmacien(ne)

pharmacist

un meuble

piece of furniture

une pilule

pill

un oreiller

pillow

lequel

place _________ wherever you would place quel followed by a noun, usually at the beginning of a question, or right after a preposition

verb they modify

place adverbs that modify a verb after the _________

adjective they modify

place adverbs that modify an adjective before the _______

un emballage en plastique

plastic wrapping/ packaging

pleuvait

pleuvoir conjugates tp ______ in the imparfait

poliment (politely)

poli poliet (m.) becomes _____ as an adverb

mal

poorly

le porc

pork

une affiche

poster

la pomme de terre

potato

une centrale nucléaire

power plant

enceinte

pregnant

une ordonnance

prescription

assez

pretty/ fairly

pur(e)

pure

un pâté (de campagne)

pâté; mead spread

rarement

rarely

le poivron rouge/vert

red/green pepper

reflexive verbs

reflect the action of the verb back onto the subject

que

reflexive verbs can be used with ______

un frigo

refrigerator

direct object

remember that when using a direct object pronoun in a sentence in the passé composé with a reflexive verb, the past participle agrees with the ________

un loyer

rent

y

replaces a previously mentioned phrase and uses the preposition à (at), chez (at the house/place of), dans (in(side of)), en (in (a place)), or sur (on)

en

replaces a previously mentioned phrase that begins with an indefinite article: un (a (m.)), une (a (f.)), des (some/of), du (of (m.)), de la (of (f.)), de l' (of (begins w/vowel)), or de (of)

lequel

replaces the forms of quel followed by a noun

une résidence

residence

Les toilettes./Les W.-C.

restrooms

rendez-le-moi

return it to me

voir

revoir is derived from _______

le riz

rice

une pièce

room

le tapis

rug

envoyer

s'ennuyer has the same spelling changes as ________

espérer

s'inquiéter has the same spelling changes as ______

une salade

salad

le sel

salt

une saucisse

saussage

to know

savoir and connaître both mean "_______," the use depends on context

une cantine

school cafeteria

acheter

se preomener has the same spelling changes as ______

noun

se souvenir adds the de if souvenir is followed by a ______

les fruits de mer (m.)

seafood

au revoir

see you again

main

sentences that contain a si clause also contain a _____ clause

grave

serious

le shampooing

shampoo

elle s'est brossé les cheveux

she brushed the hair of herself

elle s'est endormie

she fell asleep (herself)

elle s'est amusée

she had fun

elle est aussi âgée que lui

she is as old as him

elle est meilleure que lui

she is better than him

elle est mieux que lui

she is better than him

elle est plus mauvaise que lui

she is more bad than him

elle est plus âgée que lui

she is older than him

elle est la meilleure

she is the best

elle est le mieux

she is the best

elle est le plus âgée

she is the oldest

elle est le plus âgée du monde

she is the oldest in the world

elle est la pire

she is the worst

elle est la plus mauvaise

she is the worst

elle est pire que lui

she is worse than him

elle est moins âgée que lui

she is younger than him

elle s'est rasé les cheveux

she shaved the hair of herself

elle s'est inquiétée de l'examen

she was worried about the exam

elle se l'est lavé

she washed it (the face of herself)

elle se l'est lavée

she washed it (the leg of herself)

elle s'est lavé le visage

she washed the face of herself

elle s'est lavé la jambe

she washed the leg of herself

elle est allée

she went

le drap

sheet

une étagère

shelf

un(e) commerçant(e)

shopkeeper

une douche

shower

likely to occur

si clauses can be used to express situations that are contrary to fact but they can also express situations that are ________

if

si clauses express ______ something were happening at this time

s'il

si+il

s'ils

si+ils

un évier

sink

la peau

skin

une tranche

slice

idiomatic reflexive verbs

some reflexive verbs are reflexive in form but not in meaning, these are called _________

quelqu'un

someone

quelque chose

something

parfois

sometimes

quelquefois

sometimes

certatintly

sometimes a speaker will use the subjunctive with a statement of ________ to indicate uncertainty with something that seems obvious or accepted

cause and effect

sometimes when the passé composé and the imparfait occur in the same sentence, the sentence is expressing ________

à, de

sometimes, the preposition ___ or __ must come between the conjugated verb and the infinitive

être

sortir takes _____ to mean "to go out/to leave"

avoir

sortir takes _____ to mean "to take someone out/to take something out"

la cuillère à soupe

soupspoon

la limitation de vitesse

speed limit

do not

spelling-change verbs with an é that switches to an è ______ usually have a spelling change in the conditionnel

un escalier

staircase

un steak

steak

une chaîne stéréo

stereo system

mal au ventre

stomach ache

une cuisinière

stove

tout droit

straight ahead

la fraise

strawberry

la confiture de fraises

strawberry jam

la tarte aux fraises

strawberry tart

une rue

street

un studio

studio (apartment)

que

subjunctives are usually used in complex sentences that have two clauses; the main clause and the subordinate clause which have ______ in between them

soudain

suddenly

un supermarché

supermarket

un symptôme

symptom

espérer

sécher is conjugated like _______

la cuillère à café

teaspoon

ditez-le-lui

tell it to him

que je sois

that I am (subj.)

que je puisse

that I can (subj.)

que je fasse

that I do (subj.)

que j'aille

that I go (subj.)

que j'aie

that I have (subj.)

que je sache

that I know (subj.)

que je veuille

that I want (subj.)

qu'il/elle/on puisse

that he/she/ one/it can (subj.)

qu'il/elle/on fasse

that he/she/ one/it do (subj.)

qu'il/elle/on aille

that he/she/ one/it goes (subj.)

qu'il/elle/on ait

that he/she/ one/it has (subj.)

qu'il/elle/on soit

that he/she/ one/it is (subj.)

qu'il/elle/on sache

that he/she/ one/it knows (subj.)

qu'il/elle/on veuille

that he/she/ one/it wants (subj.)

imparfait

that the verb in si clauses conjugate in the _______

qu'ils/elles soient

that they are (subj.)

qu'ils/elles puissent

that they can (subj.)

qu'ils/elles fassent

that they do (subj.)

qu'ils/elles aillent

that they go (subj.)

qu'ils/elles aient

that they have (subj.)

qu'ils/elles sachent

that they know (subj.)

qu'ils/elles veuillent

that they want (subj.)

que nous soyons

that we aare (subj.)

que nous puissions

that we can (subj.)

que nous fassions

that we do (subj.)

que nous allions

that we go (subj.)

que nous ayons

that we have (subj.)

que nous sachions

that we know (subj.)

que nous voulions

that we want (subj.)

que vous soyez

that you are (subj.)

que tu sois

that you are (subj.) (infrm.)

que vous puissiez

that you can (subj.)

que tu puisses

that you can (subj.) (infrm.)

que vous fassiez

that you do (subj.)

que tu fasses

that you do (subj.) (infrm.)

que vous alliez

that you go (subj.)

que tu ailles

that you go (subj.) (infrm.)

que vous ayez

that you have (subj.)

que tu aies

that you have (subj.) (infrm.)

que vous sachiez

that you know (subj.)

que tu saches

that you know (subj.) (infrm.)

que vous vouliez

that you want (subj.)

que tu veuilles

that you want (subj.) (infrm.)

que

that/which

main

the _______ clause often contains a phrase that leads to what the speaker feels

imparfait

the _______ is used to talk about things that were ongoing in the unspecified past

indirect object pronoun

the _______ usually comes before the conjugated verb

subjunctive

the __________ is used to express what someone does to influence others or to express how a person feels about something

indicative

the __________ is used to state facts or actions that the speaker considers to be real or definite

subjunctive

the ___________ is used to state things that are more a subjective opinion toward an event or action

la pluie acide

the acid rain

le réveil

the alarm clock

[subject noun] ne [indirect object pronoun] [auxilary verb] pas [past participle]

the basic formation of a negative sentence in the passé composé using an indirect object pronoun looks like this:

[subject noun] ne [direct object pronoun] [conjugated verb] pas

the basic formation of a negative sentence using a direct object pronoun looks like this:

[subject noun] ne [indirect object pronoun] [conjugated verb] pas

the basic formation of a negative sentence using an indirect object pronoun looks like this:

[subject noun] [direct object pronoun] [auxilary verb] [past participle]

the basic formation of a sentence in the passé composé using a direct object pronoun looks like this:

[subject noun] [indirect object pronoun] [auxilary verb] [past participle]

the basic formation of a sentence in the passé composé using an indirect object pronoun looks like this:

[subject noun] [conjugated verb] [direct object pronoun] [infinitive]

the basic formation of a sentence using a direct object pronoun and an infinitive looks like this

[subject noun] [conjugated verb] [indirect object pronoun] [infinitive]

the basic formation of a sentence using an indirect object pronoun and an infinitive looks like this:

[subject noun] [indirect object pronoun] [conjugated verb]

the basic formation of a sentence using an indirect object pronoun looks like this:

le billet

the bills

le bol

the bowl

le(s) frein(s)

the brake(s)

le covoiturage

the carpooling

imparfait

the conditionnel endings are the same endings as those for the ________

il faudrait (one would have to)

the conditionnel form of il faut (one must)

il pleuvrait (it would rain)

the conditionnel form of il pleut (it rains)

il y aurait (there would be)

the conditionnel form of il y a (there is/are)

le déboisement

the deforestation

la/les indication(s)

the direction(s)

le(s) écouteur(s)

the earphone(s)

le film a commencé à huit heures

the film started at 8 o'clock

le(s) phare(s)

the fog light(s)

la fourchette

the fork

[conjugated auxiliary verb]-[subject pronoun] [past participle of the main verb]

the formation of a basic inverted question in the passé composé looks like this

[noun] [conjugated auxiliary verb] [past participle of the main verb]

the formation of a basic sentence in the passé composé using avoir looks like this

[noun] [conjugated auxiliary verb] [adverb] [past participle of the main verb]

the formation of a basic sentence in the passé composé with an adverb looks like this

[subject noun] [direct object pronoun] [conjugated verb]

the formation of a basic sentence with a direct object pronoun looks like this:

[noun] [conjugated auxiliary verb] [past participle of the main verb]+e+s

the formation of a basic sentence with the passé composé using être looks like this

le ramassage des ordures (f.)

the garbage collection

le réchauffement de la terre

the global warming

le sauvetage des habitats

the habitat preservation

la tête

the head

la trou dans la couche d'ozone

the hole in the ozone layer

la chasse

the hunt

background

the imparfait is often used to set the ______ of the sentence, such as time, weather, or locations

le conditionnel

the irregular stems used in _________ are also used in le futur simple

la jungle

the jungle

le couteau

the knife

le courrier

the mail

le facteur

the mailman

le maquillage

the makeup

la carte/le menu

the menu

la lune

the moon

la bouche

the mouth

la serviette

the napkin

le cou

the neck

irregular

the negative and equal forms of bien are regular but the positive forms are ______

positive forms

the negative and equal forms of bon are regular but the _______ are irregular

irregular

the negative and equal forms of mauvais are regular but the postive forms of mauvais are ______

le nez

the nose

celui qui parle?

the one who is talking?

celui en papier?

the paper one?

specific events

the passé composé indicates ________

auxiliary verb, past participle

the passé composé is composed of two main parts, the _______ and the _______ of the verb

the past

the passé composé is used to talk about things that happened in _______

vouloir

the passé composé of ______ is sometimes used with an infinitive in a negative sentence to mean "refused"

indirect object

the past participle does not agree with the subject if the subject is an ________

connu

the past participle of connaître is ______

dû

the past participle of devoir is ____ and takes avoir

-ir

the past participle of most ______ verbs is formed by replacing the ___ ending with -i

-er

the past participle of most ______ verbs is formed by replacing the ___ ending with -é

pu

the past participle of pouvoir is _____ and takes avoir

assis

the past participle of s'asseoir is _____

su

the past participle of savoir is ____

-er verbs

the past participle of spelling change _______ have no spelling changes

change with the noun

the past participle of verbs conjugated with être do

voulu

the past participle of vouloir is ______ and takes avoir

mort(e)(s)

the past participles of mourir are ___

né(e)(s)

the past participles of naître

la carafe d'eau

the pitcher of water

une assiette

the plate

la pollution

the pollution

mieux

the positive comparative form of bien (well) is ______ (better)

meilleur

the positive comparative form of bon is _________

pire

the positive comparative form of mauvais is _______

le mieux

the positive suparlative form of bien (well) is ______ (best)

le meilleur

the positive superlative form of bon is _________

le pire

the positive superlative form of mauvais is ______

le prof parle vite

the professor speaks fast

between

the pronouns y and en are ______ the conjugated verb and the infinitive

conjugated verb

the pronouns y and en must proceed the ________

la protection

the protection

le recyclage

the recycling

se

the reflexive pronoun __ refers to the subject doing the action

reciprocal reflexive

the reflexive pronoun in a __________ context means "for each other" or "to each other"

s'apercevoir (de)

the reflexive verb ____________ means to notice or to realize

qui

the relative pronoun _____ is always followed directly by a verb

que

the relative pronoun ______ is always followed by a subject then a verb

la crème à raser

the shaving cream

le ciel

the sky

le savon

the soap

le futur simple

the spelling change -er verbs that maintain a spelling change in le conditionnel also maintain a spelling change in _________

keep

the spelling-change verbs of most -er verbs ____ the spelling change they use in the je form in the conditionnel

le ventre

the stomach

la nappe

the tablecloth

le dentifrice

the toothpaste

les déchet(s) toxique(s)

the toxic waste

la circulation

the traffic

le(s) feu(x) de signalisation

the traffic light(s)

venir

the verbs devenir, maintenir, retenir, revenir, and tenir are patterned after ________ in the conditionnel

conditionnel

the verbs in main clauses conjugate in the _________ form

le gaspillage

the waste

le(s) essuie- glace(s)

the windshield wiper(s)

les

them (direct object pronoun)

elles

them (f.) (disjunctive pronouns)

eux

them (m.) (disjunctive pronouns)

se

themselves (reflective)

il y en a

there are (some) (there)

il n'y a personne qui a faim

there is no one who is hungry

que

these sentences can also be formed without the ______ with the verb from the subordinate clause written in the infinitive rather than the regular form

ceux

these/those/the ones (masc.)

elles se sont endormies

they (f.) fell asleep (themselves)

elles se sont rasé le cheveux

they (f.) shaved the hair of themselves

ils se sont endormis

they (m.) fell asleep (themselves)

ils se sont rasé les chevuex

they (m.) shaved the hair of themselves

ils/elles sont devenu(e)s

they became

ils/elles deviennent

they become

ils/elles croient

they believe

ils/elles sont venu(e)s

they came

ils/elles sont revenu(e)s

they came back

ils/elles peuvent

they can

ils/elles aperçoivent

they catch sight of

ils/elles viennent

they come

ils/elles reviennent

they come back

ils/elles viennent cuisiner

they come to cook

ils/elles buvaient

they drank/ used to drink/were drinking

ils/elles se sèchent

they dry (themselves)

ils/elles s'endorment

they fall asleep

ils/elles finissaient

they finished/ used to finish/were finishing

ils/elles se lèvent

they get (themselves) up

ils/elles s'ennuient

they get bored

ils/elles avaient

they had/used to have/were having

ils/elles doivent cuisiner

they have to cook

ils/elles ont retenu

they held back

ils/elles ont tenu

they held on

ils/elles retiennent

they hold back

ils/elles tiennent

they hold on

ils/elles viennent de venir

they just came

ils/elles connaissent

they know/are familiar with

ils/elles savent

they know/understand

ils/elles apprenaient

they learned/ used to learn/were learning

ils/elles maintiennent

they maintain

ils/elles ont maintenu

they maintained

ils/elles ont pu cuisiner

they managed to cook

ils/elles doivent

they must

ils/elles ont dû cuisiner

they must have cooked/ had to cook

ils/elles s'aperçoivent

they notice

ils/elles couraient

they ran/used to run/were running

ils/elles reçoivent

they receive

ils/elles se souviennent

they remember

ils/elles voient

they see

ils/elles revoient

they see again

ils/elles se rasent

they shave (themselves)

ils/elles s'asseyent

they sit down

ils/elles skiaient

they skied/used to ski/were skiing

ils/elles vendaient

they sold/ used to sell/ were selling

ils/elles ont parlé

they spoke

ils/elles disaient

they spoke/ used to speak/ were speaking

ils/elles parlaient

they spoke/used to speak/were speaking

ils/elles commençaient

they started/used to start/were starting

ils/elles se promènent

they take a walk

ils/elles voyageaient

they traveled/ used to travel/ were traveling

ils/elles veulent

they want

elles sont allées

they went (f.)

ils sont allés

they went (m.)

ils/elles étaient

they were/ used to be/were being

ils/elles parleront

they will speak

ils/elles réussiront

they will succeed

ils/elles attendront

they will wait

ils/elles s' inquiètent

they worry

ils/elles seraient

they would be

ils/elles pourraient

they would be able to

ils/elles s'appelleraient

they would be called

ils/elles achèteraient

they would buy

ils/elles nettoieraient

they would clean

ils/elles viendraient

they would come

ils/elles mourraient

they would die

ils/elles feraient

they would do

ils/elles iraient

they would go

ils/elles auraient

they would have

ils/elles devraient

they would have had to

ils/elles espéreraient

they would hope

ils/elles sauraient

they would know

ils/elles paieraient/ payeraient

they would pay

ils/elles enverraient

they would send

ils/elles parleraient

they would speak

ils/elles réussiraient

they would succeed

ils/elles attendraient

they would wait

ils/elles voudraient

they would want

ils/elles s'appellent

they're called

celle

this/that/the one (fem.)

celles

this/that/the one (fem.)

celui

this/that/the one (masc.)

le gorge

throat

abolir

to abolish

accompagner

to accompany

adorer

to adore (doesn't need a preposition)

se disputer (avec)

to argue (with)

arriver

to arrive

arriver à

to arrive at

inversion

to ask questions in the passé composé with a reflexive verb, you can use ______ with the auxiliary verb and the subject pronoun hyphenated, and the reflexive pronoun before the auxiliary verb

demander que...

to ask that...

demander à

to ask/to request

éviter de

to avoid

être

to be

pouvoir

to be able to

pouvoir

to be able to (doesn't need a preposition)

avoir peur que...

to be afraid that...

naître

to be born

s'appeler

to be called

être connecté(e) (avec)

to be connected (to)

être furieux/ furieuse que....

to be furious that...

être content(e) que...

to be glad that...

être heureux/ heureuse que...

to be happy that

se porter mal/ mieux

to be ill/better

être en pleine forme

to be in good shape

être en bonne/ mauvaise santé

to be in good/ bad health

s'intéresser (à)

to be interested (in)

se trouver

to be located

être perdu(e)(s)

to be lost

se tromper

to be mistaken

devoir

to be obligated

être au régime

to be on a diet

être en ligne (avec)

to be online/on the phone (with)

être supris(e) que...

to be sad that...

être triste que...

to be sad that...

être désolé(e) que...

to be sorry that

se mettre colère

to become angry

devenir

to become, takes être in the passé composé

commencer à

to begin to

se mettre à

to begin to

croire

to believe

croire que...

to believe that...

emprunter

to borrow

freiner

to brake

tomber en panne

to break down

se casser (la jambe/le bras)

to break one's (leg/arm)

se brosser les cheveux/les dents

to brush one's hair/teeth

attacher

to buckle

s'acheter

to buy (for) oneself (often has indirect object)

vérifier (l'huile/la pression des pneus)

to check (the oil/the air pressure)

débarrasser la table

to clear the table

fermer

to close/shut off

rentrer

to come (home)

revenir

to come back, takes être in the passé composé

venir

to come, takes être in the passé composé

aussi + (adjective or adverb) + que

to compare two nouns that are equal use ______________ to say "as"

continuer

to continue

continuer à

to continue to

cuisiner

to cook

tousser

to cough

couvrir

to cover (conjugates like -er verbs in the present tense)

traverser

to cross

décider de

to decide

exiger que...

to demand that...

déposer de l'argent

to deposit money

développer

to develop

composer (un numéro)

to dial (a number)

mourir

to die

découvrir

to discover (conjugates like -er verbs in the present tense)

détester

to dislike (doesn't need a preposition)

descendre

to do down

se coiffer

to do one's hair

faire la vaisselle

to do the dishes

faire le ménage

to do the housework

faire la lessive

to do the laundry

faire

to do/to make

douter que...

to doubt that...

télécharger

to download

rêver de

to dream of

boire

to drink

se sécher

to dry oneself

essuyer la vaisselle/la table

to dry the dishes/to wipe the table

enlever/faire la poussière

to dust

entrer

to enter

effacer

to erase

faire de l'exercice

to exercise

que

to express what someone thought would happen in the future, use the past tense of a verb + ______ + the conditionnel

tomber

to fall

s'endormir

to fall asleep

se sentir

to feel

avoir mal au cœur

to feel nauseous

faire le plein d'essence

to fill a tank of gas

remplir un formulaire

to fill out a form

finir de

to finish

suivre

to follow

interdire

to forbid/ prohibit

oublier de

to forget

reflexive pronoun

to form a sentence in the passé composé that has both a reflexive verb and a direct object pronoun, you put the direct object pronoun between the _______ and the auxiliary verb

-ait

to form the imparfait for regular -er verbs in the il, elle, and on forms, replace the -re with ____

-aient

to form the imparfait for regular -er verbs in the ils and elles forms, replace the -re with ____

-ais

to form the imparfait for regular -er verbs in the je and tu forms, replace the -re with ____

-ions

to form the imparfait for regular -er verbs in the nous form, replace the -re with ____

-iez

to form the imparfait for regular -er verbs in the vous form, replace the -re with ____

-ait

to form the imparfait for regular -ir verbs in the il, elle, and on forms, replace the -re with ____

-aient

to form the imparfait for regular -ir verbs in the ils and elles forms, replace the -re with ____

-ais

to form the imparfait for regular -ir verbs in the je and tu forms, replace the -re with ____

-ions

to form the imparfait for regular -ir verbs in the nous form, replace the -re with ____

-iez

to form the imparfait for regular -ir verbs in the vous form, replace the -re with ____

-ait

to form the imparfait for regular -re verbs in the il, elle, and on forms, replace the -re with ____

-aient

to form the imparfait for regular -re verbs in the ils and elles forms, replace the -re with ____

-ais

to form the imparfait for regular -re verbs in the je and tu forms, replace the -re with ____

-ions

to form the imparfait for regular -re verbs in the nous form, replace the -re with ____

-iez

to form the imparfait for regular -re verbs in the vous form, replace the -re with ____

-ii-

to form the imparfait for the nous and vous forms of -er verbs ending with -ier contain a double ____

-ç-

to form the imparfait for verbs that end in -cer, you replace the -c- with a ____ in the je, tu, il, elle, on, ils, elles forms

-eait

to form the imparfait for verbs that end in -ger in the il, elle, and on forms

-eaient

to form the imparfait for verbs that end in -ger in the ils and elles form

-eais

to form the imparfait for verbs that end in -ger, you replace the -er ending with ______ in the je and tu forms

être

to form the passé composé of reflexive verbs, use the auxiliary verb _______ and place the reflexive pronoun before it

fonctionner/ marcher

to function/ work

s'entendre bien (avec)

to get along well (with)

guérir

to get better

s'ennuyer

to get bored

s'habiller

to get dressed

s'orienter

to get one's bearings

se préparer

to get ready

se lever

to get up/out of bed

s'énerver

to get worked up/become upset

tomber/être malade

to get/to be sick

faire une piqûre

to give an injection

donner à

to give to

aller

to go

aller

to go (doesn't need a preposition)

faire les courses (f.)

to go (grocery) shopping

sortir

to go (out)

descendre

to go down

faire un pique-nique(s)

to go on a pick-nick(s)

dépasser

to go over/ pass

se coucher

to go to bed

s'endormir

to go to sleep/ fall asleep

monter

to go up

avoir

to have

avoir un compte bancaire

to have a bank account

avoir mal

to have an ache

venir de

to have done

devoir

to have to do (doesn't need a preposition)

avoir un accident

to have/be in an accident

aider à

to help to

hésiter à

to hesitate to

rentrer (dans)

to hit (another car)

retenir

to hold back, takes avoir in the passé composé

tenir

to hold on, takes avoir in the passé composé

espérer

to hope (doesn't need a preposition)

chasser

to hunt

se dépêcher

to hurry

faire mal

to hurt

se blesser

to hurt oneself

s'imaginer

to imagine/to think (of/for oneself) (often has indirect object)

améliorer

to improve

repasser

to iron

savoir

to know (doesn't need a preposition)

savoir que...

to know that...

apprendre

to learn

apprendre à

to learn to

partir

to leave

prêter à

to lend to

aimer

to like (doesn't need a preposition)

aimer que...

to like that...

se regarder

to look at (oneself)

maintenir

to maintain, takes avoir in the passé composé

n'

to make a il y a statement negative, place the ____ in front of the y and the second word after a

auxiliary verb

to make a sentence in the passé composé negative, place ne and pas around the _______

reflexive pronoun

to make a sentence with a reflexive verb in the passé composé, negative, place ne and pas around the _______ and the auxiliary verb

faire le lit

to make the bed

se déplacer

to move (change location)

emménager

to move in

déménager

to move out

ne pas croire que...

to not believe that...

ne pas penser que...

to not think that...

s'occuper de

to occupy

offrir

to offer/give something (conjugates like -er verbs in the present tense)

ouvrir

to open (conjugates like -er verbs in the present tense)

commander

to order

se garer

to park

passer

to pass (by)

s'amuser à

to pass the time by

payer par chèque

to pay by check

payer en liquide

to pay in cash

payer avec une carte de crédit

to pay with a credit card

téléphoner à

to phone/to call

s'amuser

to play/have fun

polluer

to pollute

poser une question à

to pose/ask a question (to)

préférer

to prefer (doesn't need a preposition)

préférer que

to prefer that...

se préparer à

to prepare to

préserver

to preserve

prévenir l'incendie

to prevent fires

imprimer

to print

promettre de

to promise

se prommettre

to promise oneself (often has indirect object)

proposer une solution

to propose a solution

proposer que...

to propose that...

se maquiller

to put on makeup

pleuvoir

to rain

se rendre compte

to realize

se rendre compte de

to realize for oneself (often has indirect object)

recommander que...

to reccommend that...

recevoir

to receive

enregistrer

to record

graver

to record/burn

recycler

to recycle

refuser de

to refuse

regretter que...

to regret that...

se détendre

to relax

se souvenir (de)

to remember

louer

to rent

réparer

to repair

se reposter

to rest

redémarrer

to restart

retourner

to return

sonner

to ring

courir

to run

sauvegarder

to save

sauver la planète

to save the planet

-même(s)

to say "myself," "yourself," etc., add _______ to the end of a disjunctive pronoun

il y a

to say that something happened a particular time ago, use ________ + the amount of time ago

pendant

to say that something happened for a particular period of time, use _______ + the time period

depuis

to say that something has been going on since a particular time into the present, use _______ + time period/date/starting point

se dire

to say to oneself (often has indirect object)

voir

to see

revoir

to see again

apercevoir

to see/glimpse

poster

to send