FRENCH REVOLUTION

How were victims of the Reign of Terror killed?

guillotine

Maximilien Robespierre

led the committee of public safety

nobles/clergy

social class made up 15% of the Reign of Terror victims

How many votes did each Estate get at the Estates-General? Why was this a problem?

1; The First and Second Estates together could outvote the Third Estate 2-1.

Why was the Directory Era such a problem for France?

5 people were in charge of governing France; Having a small handful of people attempting to govern an entire country made corruption an issue; People who still supported the monarchy plotted against the Directory, as it dealt with economic problems.

What was the Council of Elders responsible for?

Approving or rejecting legislation

factors contributed to the financial crisis in France

Bad harvests and a slowdown in manufacturing; Food shortages, rising prices for food, and unemployment; French government continued to spend large amounts of money on wars.

The First Estate consisted of the________, which included________

Clergy; clergy, members of aristocratic families

document was adopted by the National Assembly following the peasant revolts against feudalism

Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

"Believing the ignorance, omission, or scorn for the rights of woman are the only causes of public misfortunes and of the corruption of governments, the woman have resolved to set forth in a solemn declaration the natural, inalienable, and sacred rights of woman in order that this declaration, constantly exposed before all the members of society, will ceaselessly remind them of their rights and duties" is a quote from which work? Which individual is responsible for creating this document?

Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen; Olympe de Gouges

Why was the middle class happy with Napoleon initially?

He provided a tax credit to all former members of the Third Estate.

How did Napoleon seize control of France?

He seized control via coup d'etat.

How did King Louis XVI's life end?

He was beheaded.

Napoleon

I was commander of the French armies in Italy and gained the confidence of my men with my energy, charm and intelligence. I later overthrew the Directory and and created the consulate.

What was the Council of 500 responsible for?

Initiating (creating) legislation

The Second Estate consisted of the ________, which included ________

Nobility, peope who held leading positions in government, the military, law courts, and higher church offices.

The Third Estate consisted of the ________, which included ________

Peasants; the commoners of society

What did the death of King Louis XVI lead to?

Reign of Terror

Napoleonic Code

Right of an individual to choose a profession, religious toleration, and the abolition of serfdom/feudalism. Women were considered "less equal than men."

Why did Napoleon choose to invade Russia?

Russia refused to participate in Napoleon's Continental System

Why is the name Committee of Public Safety ironic?

The Committee of Public Safety caused the deaths of 40,000 people

Why was Napoleon ultimately driven out of Russia?

The Russians burned major cities and refused to give up.

Why did a revolution occur in France?

The Third Estate grew tired of having the least amount of money, yet paying the highest taxes; The Third Estate realized that since it made up the majority of the population, it had the power to overthrow the class system in France.

Why did Napoleon make it a priority to establish a peaceful relationship with the Catholic Church?

The church is no longer an enemy of the French government. Those who purchased church land supported Napoleon because they did not have to return it due to the deal he made with the pope.

Why was Napoleon's plan to invade Great Britain a bad idea?

The only way to reach Great Britain from France was by sea. The British had a much stronger navy than the French.

How did the French feel about Louis XVI's future?

They believed he did not deserve to live.

How did the Third Estate react to the problems with voting imposed by the Estates-General?

They created the Tennis Court Oath

which population paid all of the taxes in France

Third Estate

"goal" of the Committee of Public Safety

To defend France from any foreign or domestic threats

"goal" of the Reign of Terror

To rid France of anyone who was opposed to the French Revolution

Elba

Where Napoleon was exiled to the first time