FSE-212 All Quizzes w/ Worksheets
Custodial care
Also called periodic monitoring of the deceased and performance of the treatments necessary to maintain post-embalming stability; an ethical duty.
Accessory chemicals
Chemicals specifically formulated to preserve, cauterize, dry, deodorize, and bleach tissues on contact.
Stockings
Plastic stockings used after surface treatment of the legs (covers legs to feet).
Interlocking (lock) suture
Provides a tight, leak-proof closure by looping the thread and locking each stitch. This method continues along the entire incision, creating a visible ridge on the surface.
Which of the following is not a suggested practice when preparing a body for viewing without embalming:
Removing identification tags or bracelets
Gathering forceps
Secure tissues during suturing.
Tissue donation is regulated by:
The Food and Drug Administration
The documentation associated with shipping a decedent should be attached to which end of the shipping container:
The head
When embalming a decedent who passed due to complications of alcoholism, the embalmer should expect poor drainage, even within a reasonable time of death.
FALSE
Double intradermal suture
Uses two needles threaded on opposite ends of the same thread to create a strong closure. Each needle passes through tissues on opposite sides of the incision, forming parallel stitches resembling shoe lacing. The suture ends by embedding both threads beneath the skin to conceal excess thread.
Chemotherapeutic agents may include all of the following except:
aminoglycosides
This form of Histoplasmosis is progressive, forming granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis and cavitation.
chronic pulmonary
Drainage in a full autopsy case should be taken where?
the cavity
Summarize terminal disinfection practices and personal hygiene for the embalmer.
• cleaning prep room surfaces • sterilizing instruments • all equipment sanitized. • Personal hygiene includes PPE disposal, handwashing, and laundering garments.
According to the Mausoleum Demolition and Disentombment Project, between 1900 and 1960 nearly ____% of human remains were embalmed.
99%
Single intradermal (hidden) suture
A dermal-layer closure where the needle alternates side to side within the incision without passing through the epidermis, keeping the thread concealed.
Tissue gas
A distension caused by gases produced during decomposition, specifically by Clostridium perfringens.
Terminal disinfection
A thorough cleaning of preparation room surfaces and equipment after embalming, including floors, countertops, handles, and instruments, which are sterilized, dried, and stored.
Proteolytic enzymes do not break down proteins
FALSE
This is the second highest cause of preventable death in the United States
Obesity
The FTC forbids statements that guarantee long-term embalming preservation.
TRUE
All of the following corrective treatments can be used for eye distension in cornea donors except:
Tissue Builder
For a partial thickness skin harvest, what instrument is used in the harvesting process?
dermatome
Reasons for a medicolegal autopsy include all of the following except:
family request of postmortem examination
List several types of accessory chemicals.
- Phenol cautery agents - Cavity fluid - Preservative formalin creams and gels (autopsy gel) - Preservative powders - Drying and hardening compounds
Super adhesive glues and bonding agents can be used for some closures instead of traditional sutures.
TRUE
It has been estimated that ____ times more preservative chemical is needed to preserve tissues of bodies dead from complications of renal failure.
6
Cremated remains may be shipped (domestic or international) through:
The United States Postal Service
Purge from this area may have a white semisolid appearance
Brain
Crepitation
Describes the spongy feel of the gas as it moves through the tissues when they are pushed upon.
What pathological condition will cause a dull reddish to black discoloration?
Dry Gangrene
Airline passengers are allowed to travel with cremated remains only in a checked bag:
FALSE
Express the advantage of locking down a suture when closing a lengthy incision.
It relieves tension from the thread, prevents unraveling if the thread breaks, and reduces embalmer fatigue.
This organ is the main detoxification center of the body:
Liver
Coveralls
Plastic covering that covers the trunk, from the upper thigh to the axillary space, or armpit.
This type of jaundice causes obstruction of biliary drainage; bilirubin is not excreted by the kidneys resulting in hyperbilirubinemia.
Posthepatic
Anemia
Results from a lack of healthy red blood cells leading to reduced oxygen flow to the body's organs. Symptoms include skin pallor, fast heartbeat, tiredness, and weakness.
State the benefits of plastic garments and body coverings for shipment of a deceased to another funeral establishment.
They contain minor leakage and odors, protect clothing and casket fabric, and maintain cleanliness during transportation.
At birth, the body water present in infants is approximately ____ of total body weight.
75%
Bridge (individual) suture
Aligns and secures tissue margins, often used to position tissue flaps in Y-incisions created during autopsies.
This type of bacteria is commonly found in the mouth, intestinal tract, and vagina of healthy individuals:
Candida
This is a commonly prescribed synthetic opioid similar to morphine, yet 50-100 times more potent.
Fentanyl
Contact with contaminated instruments may expose a decedent to tissue gas
TRUE
When embalming a decedent who has undergone a cranial autopsy, the embalmer must clamp vessels inside the cranium to ensure distribution to the face. These vessels make up which of the following?
The Circle of Willis
Fontanelles
The spaces between the bones of the skull in the fetus and young infant.
This plastic garment is ideal for autopsy cases, as it covers the entire body with the exception of the neck and head.
Unionall
Inversion (worm) suture
Gathers and turns excess tissue under to create a flat closure, avoiding a visible ridge. Stitches run parallel and close to the incision margin, passing over the skin surface.
This program requires all funeral homes who wish to transport human remains on a passenger aircraft to register:
Known Shipper Program
This is an infection of the lungs, the ears, the nervous system, and the intestinal tract caused by a fungus commonly encountered as a saprophyte or a contaminant.
Phycomycosis
I have finished embalming a decedent that has an exposed stoma due to a colostomy. Which suture method would be effective in closing the exposed area of the stoma?
Purse String Suture
When suturing an autopsied body, the embalmer should begin suturing at the:
pubic symphysis
Which of the following is not a commonly transplanted organ?
stomach
When treating the cranial cavity, this set of muscles can be sutured to keep the calavarium in place
temporalis
Explain why the careful handling of hands with senile purpura is important
the condition weakens capillaries, making the skin prone to tearing. The discolorations do not clear during arterial injection and can worsen, swell, or detach from the tissue. To minimize damage, a slow arterial flow and a stronger arterial solution are recommended. Surface compresses with cavity fluid or phenol can help treat affected areas, and all loose skin should be removed at the start of embalming. If tearing occurs, surface treatments and cosmetics should be used for restoration.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Clots scatter throughout the vascular system.
Which document must accompany all bodies being prepared and shipped to another funeral facility?
Embalming/Decedent Care Report
Due to their small size, all infants must be embalmed using mild solutions and low-index arterial solutions.
FALSE
Which of the following is not a consideration when treating a body exposed to radiation:
Height/Weight of the body
Define the various age categories.
• Preterm - Live birth before 37 weeks gestation • Stillborn - Death occurs before or during delivery • Infant - Birth to 18 months • Toddler - 18 to 48 months • Child - 4 to 12 years • Adolescent - 12 to 18 years • Young adult - 18 to 25 years • Adult - 25 years to the mid-seventies • Advanced - Mid-seventies and beyond
Which of the following is not considered a stage of rigor mortis.
Terminal Flaccidity (are considered) • Primary Flaccidity • Active Rigor • Secondary Flaccidity
Capri pants
Plastic covering designed to protect and contain the full lower extremities, from the hips to the feet. It is used during embalming to manage leakage, control odor, and protect clothing and casket fabrics.
What is the best practice for removing a transdermal opioid patch from a decedent?
Remove the patch with an instrument such as forceps
Cachexia
Severe weight loss caused by the tumor competing with the body for metabolites, resulting in a wasting away of body tissues.
The Uniform Anatomical Gift Act is
a federal act enforceable in every state
Which of the following documents should be placed in the shipping envelope attached to the shipping container or combo unit containing the deceased?
All of the above • Burial Transit Permit • Certificate of Death • Embalming and Decedent Care Report"
The fluid strength for an autopsy is generally going to be higher. This is due to
All of the above • The amount of time in refrigeration • The delay between death and embalming • Possible trauma/decomposition
These drugs as the most widely used class of drugs.
Antibiotics
Name several areas of the autopsied body treated by supplemental embalming methods.
Back, shoulders, trunk walls, buttocks, external genitalia, head, arms, legs (hypodermic); neck, cranium, trunk, chest flaps (surface).
What cause of death would cause a cherry-red discoloration, bright red color to blood, intense livor mortis, rapid post mortem staining, and petechiae?
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Explain how strength and volume of embalming solution differs in children compared to adults.
Children require a medium-index fluid (18-25), with volume adjusted due to delicate tissues. A mild solution may be used initially, strengthening gradually.
This is an anaerobic bacterium which can cause intense gas in the tissues accompanied by a foul odor.
Clostridium perfringens
Forensic (medicolegal) autopsy
Conducted to investigate suspicious, unexplained, or violent deaths. Ordered by coroners or medical examiners to determine the cause and manner of death.
When shipping human remains internationally, it is best to contact which organization to receive consultation on specific shipping requirements for the country of destination?
Consulate of the receiving country
Complete autopsy
Examines the entire body, including cranial and visceral organs. Involves physical examination, tissue and fluid sampling, and the removal of organs from the cranial cavity, neck, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities, as well as the testes and spinal cord.
Hyperglycemia
Excess sugar in the blood, commonly associated with diabetes mellitus.
Hypercalcemia
Excessive calcium levels in the blood, often caused by hormone secretion from tumors, which can disrupt cell membrane permeability and affect embalming solution penetration.
This is a fatal disease caused by contamination of a wound infection by a toxin-producing, spore-forming, anaerobic bacterium.
Gas Gangrene
The classic colors of discoloration associated with dehydration in the tissue of the body include all of the following except:
Green (are associated with) • Yellow • Black • Brown
Name two types of supplemental embalming techniques.
Hypodermic and surface embalming.
Short term refrigeration is necessary in some cases, and can provide several advantages to the embalmer. Which of the following would not be an advantage of short term refrigeration?
Increased capillary permeability for diffusion
This embalming method is recommended for extreme cases to minimize tissue swelling and provide maximum preservation.
Instant Tissue Fixation
Time delays between death and preparation can present several problems to the embalmer. Which of the following would NOT be considered one of the problems associated with delayed embalming?
Lowered Blood Viscosity (are considered) • Nonuniform Distribution Of Fluids • Swelling Of Tissues • Increased Preservative Demand)
These drugs are commonly used for pain relief and anesthesia.
Opioids
Which of the following medical devices must be removed prior to cremation?
Pacemaker
Medical (hospital) autopsy
Performed to confirm or verify a diagnosis, often after unexpected complications, the use of experimental drugs or devices, or after unusual therapy. Also used when death follows dental or surgical procedures or occurs suddenly from natural causes or due to questionable patient care.
This type of burn can be classified as deep, affecting the posterior dermal layer of the skin and may cause blisters to develop.
Second Degree Burn
Which of the following is categorized as an extravascular irregularly shaped blood discoloration that often appears on the arms and back of the hands?
Senile Purpura
The most frequently encountered gas condition is caused by:
Subcutaneous Emphysema
Continuous (whip) suture
Temporarily closes lengthy incisions, often used in autopsy or restoration; stitch through both epithelial margins, reversing direction over the skin surface, and repeating at intervals of 0.5 to 1 inch until closure is complete.
Surface embalming
The application of an embalming chemical directly to the surface of the tissues.
Baseball suture
The most commonly used suture to close incisions; considered the most secure and leakproof; involves stitching from beneath the incision, crossing side to side to create a lacing pattern like baseball stitching.
Glycosuria
The presence of sugar in the urine, often associated with diabetes mellitus.
Hypodermic embalming
The subcuticular injection of preservative chemicals using a hypodermic needle and syringe or a small-gauge trocar.
These drugs can lead to dehydration, low protein levels, kidney dysfunction , and the retention of nitrogenous waste.
Tranquilizers
Describe how an eye cap may be modified to fit beneath the eyelid of an infant.
Trim the eye cap with scissors to fit beneath the small eyelids.
The principal manifestations of diabetes include all of the following except:
emaciation (includes hyperglycemia, glycosuria & ketosis)
Unionall
A plastic garment that covers the entire body, except for the neck, head, and hands.
According to the Mausoleum Demolition and Disentombment Project, less than ____% of all 650 disinterments were in a state of active decomposition.
15
Ketosis
A form of acidosis caused by the presence of ketones in the blood and body tissues, often accompanied by a strong acetone odor in urine and perspiration.
This complication occurs as a result of altered carbohydrate metabolism leading to a buildup of lactic acid
Acidosis
