Functional anatomy forearm
PRU joint supination roll, glide
Mainly spinning motion within the annular ligament, but some roll, glide. Convex radial head rolls posterior and glides anteriorly on the concave radial notch of the ulna
PRU joint pronation roll, glide
Mainly spinning within the annular ligament, but some roll,glide, Convex radial head rolls anterior and glides posterior on the concave radial notch of the ulna
The _____ sustains most of the compressive forces with muscle contraction. This is because most of the elbow flexors, pronators and supinators attach on the radius and pull the radius proximally with contraction causing compression at the _______ joint. The interosseous membrane the transfers a part of the muscle force applied to radius onto the ulna
radius, Humero-radial
PRU bony stabilizer: At the end range pronation the shaft of the _____ contacts the ____ and limits further pronation
radius, ulna
Oblique Cord fibers are at ____ angles from the interosseous membrane. Resist _______ forces. May assist in preventing separation of the radius from the ulna
right, distraction
The interosseous membrane is ______ by distally applied forces to the radius. necessitate stability from other less capable structures and _________
slackened, brachioradialis
___ degrees of supination is possible at the forearm. ___ degrees is necessary for most daily activities. Prime movers: At end range supination the radius and ulna are parallel. End feel is ____ due to ligament stretch.
90, 50 Biceps brachii, supinator firm
PRU Ligaments
Annular ligament, Quadrate ligament, Oblique cord
Supinators _______ provides most of the torque during supination while the supinator is used for _________ tasks.
Biceps, low powered
Reverse action In a _____ situation the humerus/ulna externally rotate on the fixed radius causing a relative pronation of the forearm. This is a reverse action of the pronators. WB pronation is produced by the _______ of GH, ER. Opposite occurs during supination
CKC, force couple
If patient has trouble supinating they will compensate with
Glenohumeral external rotation
Capsule stabilizer PRU The elbow capsule encloses the _________ joint, ______ joint, and ______ joint
Humero-ulnar, humero-radial, proximal radio-ulnar
Pronation prime movers: the radius rotates on a relatively fixed ulna. At end range pronation, the distal radius has crossed over the ulna. End feel is _____ because of bone to bone contact of the radius on the ulna
Pronator Quadratus, Pronator Teres hard
Pronators ____________ is active during high power pronation actions compared to _______ which is active during all pronation movements including high and low powered tasks. The pronator quadratus also stabilizes the ________ joint
Pronator teres, Pronator quadratus, DRU
DRU joint pronation roll, glide
The concave distal radius rolls and glides anteriorly on the convex head of the ulna
DRU joint supination roll, glide
The concave distal radius rolls and glides posteriorly on the convex head of the ulna
Stabilizing structures of DRU joint
Triangular fibrocartiliage complex capsule Tendon of extensor carpi ulnaris Pronator quadratus Interosseous membrane Anterior and posterior radio-ulnar capsular ligaments
Annular ligament fits snugly around the radial head holds the proximal radius against the ulna and resists ______ forces
distraction
With weight bearing the ______________ allows part of the compressive force to be transferred from the radius to the ulna. This allows for a more ______ share of the compressive force
interosseous membrane, equal
If a patient has trouble pronating they may compensate by
medially/internally rotating the shoulder
Interosseous membrane fibers run ______ medially and distally from _______ to ______. Binds the radius to the ulna. It has a role of _______ force transmission. Serves as an attachment for several extrinsic hand muscles
obliquely, radius, ulna, compressive
PRU Pronation is the movement of turning the ______ down toward the floor. ____ degrees is available at the forearm. While _____ degrees is needed for most daily activities.
palm, 75, 50
Proximal Radio-Ulnar joint is a synovial, uniaxial ________ joint. The _____ rim of the head of the radius articulates with the concave radial notch of the ulna. Closed Packed position is at maximum ________ or ________. Resting position is ______ degrees supination with _____ degrees elbow flexion.
pivot, convex, supination, pronation. 35, 70
Main motion occurring at the DRU joint is _______ and _______. Movement of the DRU joint is __________ of the movement of at the PRU joint. Axis of motion runs longitudinally from the _________ to the ________
supination, pronation, interdependent, radial head, ulnar head
The main motion at PRU joint is ________/________. The axis of motion runs _________ from the redial head to the ulnar head. Muscle must lie on _______ side of the axis of rotation.
supination, pronation. longitudinally, either
Quadrate ligament
supports the proximal RU joint
When biceps is used to supinate the _____ must be activated to counteract flexion action of the biceps at the elbow and ________ at the shoulder
triceps, posterior deltoid
Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) occupies most space between ______ and ______ bones on the ulnar side. It is the _________ stabilizer of the DRU joint. Includes the ________ and ________ such as the Ulnar collateral ligament
ulna, carpal, primary, articular disc, ligaments
DRU joint is a synovial, _____ axil _____ joint. The convex head of the ______ articulates with the _______ ulnar notch of the distal radius and the _________. Closed packed position is at max pronation or supination. Resting position is ____ degrees supination
uni, pivot, ulna, concave, articular disc, 10