Fundamentals of Web Program Midterm
selector
A CSS rule set consists of a _____ and one or more variables.
id
A CSS selector can refer to a specific HTML element by specifying the value of the element's _____ attribute.
web server
A _____ makes websites available to other computers over a network.
static
A _____ web page is one that doesn't change.
box model
A box that wraps around every HTML element.
direct descendant
A child selector in CSS allows you to select elements that are a _____ of an element.
head, body
A valid HTML document requires a _____ element and a _____ element.
HTTP request
A web applications starts when a client sends an _____ to a server.
dynamic
An HTML document that's generated by a web application is a _____ web page.
HTTP response
An _____ is sent from the web server to the client.
local area network (LAN)
An intranet is a _____ that is used for web applications.
cross-browser compatibility
Because all web browsers don't interpret HTML and CSS the same way, a major web development issue is _____.
repeated
By default, if you specify a background image for a block element, it will be ______ both horizontally and vertically so it fills the block element.
<br>
By default, the _____ tag starts a new line of text.
block
By default, the box for a _____ element is as wide as the Block that it's in.
content
By default, the box for a block element is as tall as the _____ requires.
padding
Clears an area around the content. The _____ is transparent.
margin
Clears an area outside the border. The _____ is transparent.
code the main content and asides in any sequence and then float the first aside and the main content to the left and the second aside to the right
For a three-column layout, you can
set the body width to a percent and don't set the section width
For a two-column layout where the main content is fluid and the aside is fixed, you use CSS to
hover
For user accessibility, you should apply the same formatting to the :focus pseudo-class for an element as you apply to the _____ pseudo-class for that element.
#header a.hot
How would you code a selector that applies to all <a> elements with "hot" as their class name that are coded withi na div element that has "header" as its id?
specificity
If more than one rule set is applied to an element, the rule set with the selector that has the highest _____ is used.
1.5 em
If the bottom margin for one element is 1.5 em and the top margin for the element below it is 1 em, how large is the margin between the two elements when the page is rendered in a browser?
marked as !important
If two CSS rules conflict, the rule _____ in a web page will override the other rule.
blue
If you set the background color for the body of a page to blue and you don't set the background color for a section within the body, the background of the section will be ______.
fluid
If you want to use a _____ page layout, you set the width of the page to a percent.
margins
If you want to use padding to control the spacing before and after h2 elements, you should start by setting the _____ for those elements to zero.
click on the Run button in Aptana's toolbar
If you're using Aptana to edit an HTML file, the easiest way to test it is to _____.
closing
In HTML, a _____ tag begins with a slash (/) followed by the name of the tag.
content
In HTML, the body element provides the structure and _____ of the document.
Boolean
In HTML, you can code a _____ attribute as just the attribute name.
spaces
In HTML, you must enclose the value for an attribute in quotation marks if the value includes one or more _____.
web browser
In a web application, the client uses a _____ to interact with a web server.
domain name
In an HTTP URL, the _____ is coded immediately after the protocol but before the path.
padding
In the box model, the border comes between the margin and the _____ for box.
to center the element horizontally within the containing block
In the code that follows margin: 0 auto; the auto keyword means
class
In the rule set that follows, the selector applies to all elmenets that have "red" as their _____ name. .red { color: red; }
descendants
In the rule set that follows, the selector selects all paragraph elements that are _____ of the element with "main" as its id. #main p { font=size: 75%; }
web browser
JavaScript code is run by the _____.
testing
One of the benefits of validating an HTML document is that it can solve some _____ problems.
explorer
One way to run a web page that's on your computer is to find the file for it using your system's file _____ and double-click on it.
specific conditions occur
Psuedo-class selectors let you apply formatting when _____.
subordinate
The <a> element that follows goes to a folder that is _____ to the current page. <a href="books/javascript.html">JavaScript and DOM Scripting</a>
opacity
The RGBA and HSLA colors that are available with CSS3 let you specify the _____ of the color.
class
The _____ attribute can be used by CSS to apply the same formatting to more than one HTML element.
title element
The _____ in the head section of an HTML document specifies the text that's displayed in the browser's tab for the page.
normalize.css
The _____ style sheet causes all browsers to render HTML elements the same way.
solid top and bottom borders
The code that follows border-style: solid none; means that the box should have
5em above, 0 left and right, and .25em below
The code that follows padding: .5em 0 .25em; applies this padding to an element:
same
The img element that follows gets the image file form the images folder, which is at the _____ level as the current folder. <img src="../images/logo.gif" alt="Murach Logo">
b, a, img
Three inline elements are:
elementy type, id attribute, and class attribute
Three of the common CSS selectors select:
family
Times New Roman is a font _____.
universal
To apply styles to all elements, you can use the _____ selector.
top and bottom borders, top and bottom margins, and top and bottom padding
To calculate the height of a box when using the box model, you add the height of the content area to the sum of the heights of the:
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
To format a web page, you use _____.
link
To include a CSS file in an HTML document, you use the _____ element.
style
To include styles in an HTML document, you can use an external style sheet, an embedded style sheet, or _____ attributes on inline HTML elements.
use the Open or Open File command in the file menu.
To load a web page from an intranet into your web browser, you can _____.
body and HTML5 semantic elements
To provide the top-level formatting for a page, a style sheet commonly formats _____.
RGB
To specify a color in a CSS rule, you can code an _____ value in percentages or hexidecimal numbers.
link to the template when you start the new file
To start a new CSS file from a template in Aptana, you _____.
clear
To stop an element from flowing into the space on the side of a floated element, you can code the _____ property.
decoration
Underlining and overlining are a type of text formatting that is referred to as text _____.
search engine optimization (SEO)
Using the techniques that will help your website rank higher in search engine results is called _____.
responsive web design
Websites that are designed to adapt gracefully to any screen size use a technique called _____.
Set the opacity of the shadow
What can you NOT do when adding shadows to text?
Display all the styles in each style sheet that's attached to a document
What can you NOT do with the browser developmental tools?
a space
What character entity is created by the character?
radial gradients
What formatting can you NOT apply to boxes using CSS3?
Make sure that pages are easy to work with on smaller devices
What is NOT a guideline for usability?
Make sure that each page will run in all browsers
What is NOT a guideline for user accessibility?
.menu
What is a valid selector for a class named "menu"?
Code an alt attribute that describes the image.
What should you do to provide accessibility to img elements with useful content?
application server
When a client requests a dynamic web page, the HTML is generated by an _____.
validate
When you _____ a web page, the page is processed by a program that tests whether all of the code is valid.
test
When you _____ a web page, you load the page into a browser to see whether it works correctly.
deploy
When you _____ a website, you upload its folders and files from a WAN to an Internet Server, using a File Transfer Protocol (FTP) program.
id tag
When you code a selector that selects by _____, the rule set applies to just one HTML element.
comment
When you comment out HTML code, you put the code within an HTML _____.
completion
When you edit a CSS or HTML file with an editor like Aptana, it usually provides both syntax coloring and auto _____.
web browser
When you include JavaScript in a web application, the language is run by the JavaScript engine of the _____.
width
When you set a border for a block element, you can set the color, style, and _____.
to the right of the floated element if there's enough space
When you set the float property for a block element to left, the elements that follow it will flow into the space
takes the element out of the flow of elements on the web page
When you set the position property for a block element to absolute, the browser
is positioned relative to the browser window
When you set the position property for a block element to fixed, the element
template
When you start a new HTML file from a _____, you start from code that can be used for more than one HTML file.
width
When you use CSS to set the float property for an element, you should also set the _____ of the element.
absolute
When you use _____ positioning with CSS, the other elements on the page are positioned as if the element wasn't there.
fixed
When you use _____ positioning with CSS, the positioned element doesn't move in the browser window, even when you scroll.
You can modify the formatting for all of the related pages by changing one style sheet
When you use an external style sheet with an HTML document, you do not get this benefit:
Markup Validation Service
When you're using a _____, a trivial coding error can cause multiple validation errors.
Justify the text in the columns.
Which of the following should you NOT do when using CSS3 properties to create text columns?
Code the columns in any order and then float both columns to the left.
Which of the following techniques can you NOT use to create a two-column layout?
an em
Which unit of measurement is equal to the font size for the current font?
property, value
Within a CSS rule set, a declaration (rule) includes a _____ and a _____.
shiv
You can use a JavaScript _____ to help older browsers recognize the HTML5 structural elements.
relative
You can use ems or percentages to specify a _____ unit of measurement.
set the margins and padding for all elements to zero
You use a reset selector to:
Whitespace
_____ refers to characters like tab characters, line return characters, and spaces that are ignored by the browser.
border
goes around padding and content