GAMETOGENESIS
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
coiled tubes that comprise bulk of the testicles. Each tubule is enclosed by a basement membrane and its wall is composed of cells in various stages of spermatogenesis.
STALLION SPERM
defined as spatulate-shaped, in contrast to the falciform-shaped spermatozoal heads characteristic of some species
TUNICA ALBUGINEA
dense fibrous layer of connective tissue at the outer margin of the ovary
TUNICA ALBUGINEA
fibrous connective tissue covering the entire testicle
BULL SPERM
have paddle-shaped heads
RAT SPERM
is approximately 2.5μm long and resembles a hook
PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTES
largest cells within the seminiferous tubules located next to the spermatogonia. They have larger and darker nuclei than the spermatogonia. Dark compacted chromatin structures can be found in the nucleus.
SPERMATOZOA
mature sperm cells with condensed darkly stained heads and filamentous tails. They are located in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.
CORTEX
peripheral region of the ovary containing ovarian follicles, primordial follicles and germinal epithelium
SPERMATOGENESIS
production of the male gamete, spermatozoa
LOBULES
pyramid shaped lobules separated by septae of connective tissue that extend inward from the capsule.
SPERMATOGONIA
single layer of small cells with dark staining oval nucleus located at the periphery (against the basement membrane) of the seminiferous tubule;
SPERMATIDS
small cells usually with short tails embedded in the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells. These cells metamorphose into mature sperm cells (spermatozoa) during spermiogenesis
SERTOLI
tall, irregular columnar cells. Its base sits on the basement membrane and its apex extends towards the lumen of the tubule. It has a large, pale nucleus and numerous spermatids embedded in its supranuclear cytoplasm.
OVARIAN CYCLE
the primary oocyte together with the surrounding follicular cells are collectively called ____________.
GAMETOGENESIS
the process of development and maturation of sex cells
OOGENESIS
the production of female gametes from the oogonia in the ovary
SPERMIOGENESIS
the transformation of the spermatids into spermatozoa. During this stage, the spermatids which resemble a typical cell undergo structural changes (streamlining) to become a spermatozoon consisting of a head, middle piece, neck and tail.
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
where spermatogenesis occurs
OOGONIUM
where the oocytes and follicular cells in the ovary both originates
PRIMARY FOLLICLE
• composed of an oocyte covered with a single layer of cuboidal or columnar follicular cells thus relatively larger than the primordial follicle. • located in the same area with the primordial follicle.
PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLE
• small follicle composed of a primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of small, flat follicular cells • located at the marginal area of the ovary.
FOLLICULAR CELLS
are the small cells that surround the primary oocyte
GOLGI APPARATUS
becomes the acrosome
MITOCHONDRIA
becomes the middle piece
MICROTUBULES
becomes the tail
NUCLEUS
becomes the head
CENTRIOLE (PROXIMAL)
becomes the neck
INTERSTITIAL CELLS (OF LEYDIG)
cells located outside/ between seminiferous tubules. They are responsible for the production of testosterone.
SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTES
cells smaller than the primary spermatocytes located near the lumen of the seminiferous tubule. These cells result from the first maturation (meiotic division). The chromatin is lighter than in the primary spermatocyte.
MEDULLA
central portion of the ovary containing blood vessels
PIG SPERM
(mostly) symmetrical about the anterior-posterior axis.
SPECIES VARIATION
The sperm of all animal species are comprised of the same parts however, they differ in appearance due to the variations in the shape of the head. This is brought about by variations in the shape of the nucleus.
ROOSTER SPERM
Their membrane surfaces are wider, their cytoplasm is less, and their flagellum is longer