Gases
STP stands for Standard Temperature and Pressure. STP is known as 1 atm, what is the standard temperature?
273 degrees Kelvin
as temperature increases, what happens to the KE?
It increases.
what is the equation for Gay-Lussac's law?
P1/T1=P2/T2
what is the equation for Boyle's law?
P1V1=P2V2
what is the combined gas law?
P1xV1/T1=P2xV2/T2 (the temperature must be in kelvin.)
when a problem involves moles, what is the most likely equation we will use?
PV=nRT
what is the ideal gas law that calculates the amount of gas in the container?
PV=nRT (what does each stand for?) R= .0821 (atm)(L)/(mole)(K) R=8.31 (kPa)(L)/(mole)(K)
what is the SI unit for pressure?
Pa
what is the equation for Charle's law?
V1/T1=V2/T2
what is a barometer?
a device that measures atmospheric pressure.
what is the relation of gas particles to pressure?
as the number of gas particles increase, the pressure increases. As the number of gas particles decrease, the pressure decreases.
what is Gay-Lussac's law?
as the temperature of a container increases, the pressure of the container will increase. P1/T1=P2/T2
what is Boyle's law?
as the volume of a container decreases, the pressure of the container will increase. P1V1=P2V2
if gas particles were slowed down in a balloon, then the balloon's temperature must have?
decreased
why will a basketball contract in a cold garage over winter?
due to the decrease in temperature, the molecules decrease, making the basketball contract.
why will a sealed balloon expand over a hot flame?
due to the rise in temperature, the molecules grow making the balloon expand.
if temperature increases, gas particles move?
faster
what is the kinetic molecular theory of gases?
gases consist of tiny particles. Particles are so small, volume and size of individual particles are assumed to be zero. Particles are in constant motion, coliding with walls. (gas exerts pressure.) Particles do not attract to or repel each other. Average kinetic energy of gas particle is directly proportional to Kelvin temperature of the gas. When particles collide, kinetic energy is conserved. It is the energy of motion. They are described to be "perfectly elastic".
what is the relation of gas particles to volume?
if the number of gas particles increase, the volume increases. if the number of gas particles decrease, then the volume decreases.
what is Charle's law?
if the temperature of a container increases, the volume of the container will increase. V1/T1=V2/T2
what is Boyle's law?
if volume decreases, pressure increases at a constant temperature
as temperature increases, what happens to the vapor pressure?
it increases.
if we say something got twice as hot, we doubled the ? temperature.
kelvin
what is the unit our temperature has to be in to use the gas laws?
kelvin. we add 273 degrees to celsius in order to convert.
energy due to motion is called what type of energy?
kinetic
If Colorado has a high elevation compared to us, would you expect our air pressure to be more or less than that of Breckenridge?
our air pressure would have more than Breckenridge because the higher you are in the air, the less air pressre.
what is vapor pressure?
simply the push of a gas above its liquid. As the temperature of a liquid increases, so does the umber of vapor particles. More vapor particles causes more collisions.
what is avogadro's hypothesis?
states that equal volumes of gases contain equal number of particles. If containers have the same T, P, and V, then they will have the same # of particles regardless of size of the gas particle.
what is the relationship between air pressure and altitude?
the higher the altitude, the less air pressure.
what is Dalton's law of partial pressure?
the sum of each individual gas pressure equals the total gas pressure of the container. P(total)=P1+P2+P3... it is the AMOUNT OF MOLES of particles that are important.
what are the conditions of temperature and pressure for an ideal gas?
the temperature has to be high, and the pressure has to be low. If it was the other way around, then the gas will condense.
At 0 degrees K, kinetic energy is also?
zero.