Gastrointestinal Emergencies

Which disorder results from obstruction and distention of a lumen causing decreased blood flow, ischemia, and bacterial invasion?

appendicitis

Which statement correctly describes the focused assessment of a patient with a gastrointestinal emergency?

assessment includes a history of food and alcohol consumption

a patient with gastroenteritis is most likely to present with which type of abdominal pain?

cramping

Which bowel sounds are associated with peritonitis?

decreased or absent bowel sounds

for a patient with acute pancreatitis, which intervention is the priority?

fluid resuscitation

Which of these is defined as enlarged, venous channels that are dilated by portal hypertension?

gastroesophageal varices

a patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding usually present with which sign or symptom?

hematemesis

Which disorders commonly cause lower gastrointestinal bleeding in young adults?

hemorrhoids and inflammatory bowel disease

which assessment finding is likely to be present in a patient with acute pancreatitis?

hypoactive bowel sounds

When assessing abdomen, what is the correct order?

inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation

which finding commonly occurs in patients with a bowel obstruction?

intractable vomiting

which medication is classified as a proton pump inhibitor?

omeprazole (prilosec)

for a patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding from peptic ulcer disease, you should expect to administer which medication to control the bleeding?

pantoprazole (protonix)

Which condition causes upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

peptic ulcer disease

a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease is at risk for which complication?

pneumonia

Which symptom is typically experienced by patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

regurgitation

in a patient with cholecystitis, which laboratory test results is elevated?

serum amylase level

Which type of pain is a patient likely to describe as a sharp, localized pain?

somatic

Which statement by a patient with diverticulitis indicates the need for further discharge instruction?

Ill eat a low fiber diet

A patient is experiencing lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Which diagnostic study should you prepare this patient for?

Colonoscopy