General Physiology (easier)

How many chambers does the human heart have? four two six

4

What is the gestation period in humans? 6 months a year 9 months

9 months

What is a female sex cell called? an egg a sperm cell an embryo

an egg/ovum

What is a synapse? a connection between the brain and the spinal cord a collection of neurons a connection between a neuron and another cell

connection between a neuron and another cell

What substance are nails made of? keratin melanin collagen

keratin

Which brain structure regulates the heart beat? the cerebellum the medulla the frontal cortex

medulla

Reproduction : if an egg is not fertilized, which process occurs? ejaculation menstruation ovulation

menstruation

What are the specialised filtering units in the kidneys called? nephrons neurons adrenal glands

nephrons

Why is blood clotting essential? to allow blood loss to prevent loss of large volumes of blood to prevent blood flow to the brain

prevent loss of large volumes of blood

What is the function of a valve in a vein? to encourage reverse blood flow to prevent forward blood flow to prevent reverse blood flow

prevent reverse blood flow

Which one of the following is NOT a function of bile? neutralization of gastric juice emulsification of fats protein breakdown

protein breakdown

What is the oesophagus made of? skeletal muscle cartilage smooth muscle

smooth muscle

What is a male sex cell called? an ovary a sperm cell an egg

sperm cell

Which bony structure protects the spinal cord from damage? the skull the ribcage the spinal column

spinal column

What type of hormone is testosterone? a steroid hormone a protein hormone a neurotransmitter

steroid hormone

What is the main purpose of respiration? to generate heat to burn calories to sustain life

sustain life

Which blood vessel distributes oxygenated blood to all parts body? the pulmonary artery the aorta the vena cava

the aorta

Where does the absorption of water occur in the digestive system? pancreas large intestine stomach

the large intestine

Where in the gastrointestinal tract does pancreatic juice drain into? the large intestine the small intestine the stomach

the large intestine

Where is urea produced? in the gallbladder in the liver in the pancreas

the liver

Where is testosterone produced in the body? the thyroid gland the testes the ovaries

the testes

What is one distinguishing feature of nerve impulses? they travel quickly around the body they travel slowly around the body they use enzymes to transmit signals

they travel quickly around the body

How is waste carbon dioxide expelled from the body? through inspiration by peristalsis through expiration

through expiration

How many kidneys does the body have? one four two

two

The bladder expels urine through which passage? the ureter the vena cava the urethra

urethra

A fertilised egg embeds into which part of the female reproductive system? ovary uterus oviduct

uterus

What is the average length of a menstrual cycle? 28 days 14 days 10 days

28 days

Adrenaline is secreted from ... the salivary glands the adrenal glands the parathyroid glands

adrenal glands

Which of the following is not an advantage of stomach acid? it destroys most pathogens an optimum ph for amylase an optimum ph for pepsin

an optimum ph for amylase

What is the function of white blood cells? to carry nutrients around the body to carry oxygen around the body to be part of the immune system

be a part of the immune system

Which substance do the kidneys filter to produce urine? chyme blood lymph

blood

Which structures form the central nervous system? the brain and spinal cord the spinal cord, brain and leg nerves the brain and facial nerves

brain and spinal cord

What gas is a waste product of respiration? methane carbon dioxide oxygen

carbon dioxide

What type of tissue is the main component of the dermis? fatty tissue connective tissue soft tissue

connective tissue

Antidiuretic hormone is secreted in response to ... decreased blood glucose levels reduced plasma volume (dehydration) increased plasma volume (over hydration)

dehydration

In what order do nerve impulses travel through the parts of a neuron? dendrite, cell body, axon axon, cell body, dendrite dendrite, axon, cell body

dendrite, cell body, axon.

Sweat glands are located in the ... dermis epidermis hypodermis

dermis

Which of these is not a function of blood? the transportation of nutrients around the body the digestion of nutrients coagulation

digestion of nutrients

Which type of signal is transmitted in a neuron? electrical hormonal mechanical

electrical

Which layer of the skin does not contain blood vessels? the epidermis the hypodermis the dermis

epidermis

What can trigger vitamin d synthesis? exposure to warmth drinking milk exposure to sunlight

exposure to sunlight

What is the joining of a sperm cell and egg cell known as? ovulation spermatogenesis fertilisation

fertilization

Which reflex is adrenaline most often associated with? the patellar reflex the gag reflex the fight or flight reflex

fight or flight

What does the pulse represent? blood pressure volume of the blood the heartbeat

heartbeat

How do hormones in the endocrine system move around the body? via the circulatory system through ducts at target sites via the nervous system

hormones move around the body via the circulatory system.

Why does urea need to be removed from the body? it is toxic it cannot be reabsorbed by the kidney it takes up space in the liver

it is toxic

Which chemicals are used to communicate between synapses in the nervous system? enzymes hormones neurotransmitters

neurotransmitters

Where are the adrenal glands located? on top of the kidneys underneath the kidneys next to the pancreas

on top of the kidneys

How many sperm cells are needed to fertilise an egg? two twenty three one

one

How thick is the wall of a capillary? one cell two cells four cells

one cell

Where are the female sex cells produced? the ovaries the testes the nipples

ovaries

Which gas is crucial to all the body's cells? carbon dioxide nitrogen oxygen

oxygen

Where on the body does hair not grow? the nose the head the palms of the hands

palms of hands

Which of these organs is not part of the urinary system? the pancreas the bladder the kidneys

pancreas

What is the name of the muscular process for moving food down the oesophagus? peristalsis mass movements mastication

peristalsis

Which type of cell carries oxygen around the body? platelets red blood cell white blood cell

red blood cells

Which system would the body use in reaction to a pain stimulus? the endocrine system the reflex arc the central nervous system

reflex arc

What is anaerobic respiration? respiration without carbon dioxide respiration without oxygen respiration with oxygen

respiration without oxygen

What is the function of a skin pore? to grow hair to secrete sweat to produce sweat

secrete sweat

Which of these is not a function of hair? to sense movement to secrete sweat insulation

secrete sweat