Genetics 21

Order the steps that were used to create Dolly, the sheep cloned from somatic cell DNA

1. Mammary cells from an adult sheep were removed and grown 2.Electrical pulses were uses to fuses the diploid mammary cell 3.The zygote began embryonic development 4. The resulting embryo was implanted into the uterus of a surrogate mother sheep

Transgenic plants have been modified to produce vaccines against many animal diseases in which part of the plant?

Leaves

The use of living organisms or their products to alleviate plant diseases is called

biological control

Gene knockins are used to study the effects of ______.

consistent gene expression

Gene knockout allows researchers to study

how the loss of normal gene function affects an organism.

Microinjection can be used to introduce DNA into ______.

plant and animal cells

A stem cell that can differentiate into almost every cell type in the body, but has lost the ability to produce an entire, intact individual is called ______.

pluripotent

Somatostatin is a hormone ______.

produced by engineering bacterial cells that inhibits the secretion of other hormones such as insulin and glucagon

In one of the earliest applications of biotechnology, a bacterial strain was engineered to produce a human hormone with a short coding sequence called ______.

somatostatin

Embryonic stem cells are found in ______.

the blastocyst

Molecular pharming can refer to ______.

the manufacture of medical products in agricultural plants production of medically important proteins in the mammary glands of livestock

Bioremediation is the use of living organisms or their products _____.

to decrease pollutants in the environment

The type of stem cell that can give rise to all cell types in the adult organism is called ______.

totipotent

Considering a diploid cell, how many copies of a gene already present in the genome would be present immediately following gene addition (assume the cell has not progressed through the cell cycle)?

3 A diploid cell would have two copies of a gene, plus the cloned copy integrated into the genome by nonhomologous recombination.

Select products that are generated in transgenic plants.

Biodegradable plastics Medicines Antibodies Vaccines

What component of bone marrow is useful to patients with certain types of cancers?

Stem cells

A cloned gene becoming integrated into the genome by nonhomologous recombination is called gene

addition

The commercialization of some strains of recombinant microorganisms has proceeded slowly due to concerns in situations where they are used to produce ----- products or where they are released into the----

Blank 1: food or nutritional Blank 2: environment or surroundings

To create a gene knockin mouse, a gene of interest is cloned and placed adjacent to sequences from the mouse genome. The purpose of this mouse DNA is to ______.

allow homologous recombination to place the gene in a noncritical region of the genome

Place the steps to create a knockin mouse in order.

1. A gene of interest is cloned 2. the cloned DNA is injected 3. Homologous recombination introduces thegene 4. The oocyte is transplated into 5. A mouse w/ the inserted

What is the name of the process that occurs when bioremediation takes place via microorganisms modifying toxic pollutants by altering or transforming their structure?

Biotransformation

In which areas has the use of recombinant microorganisms raised concerns?

Environmental concerns when they are released into the surroundings Safety concerns when they are used to produce food products

In biotechnology, what is used to benefit humans?

Materials produced by living organisms Living organisms

biotechnoloy

The use of living organisms or the materials they produce in the development of goods or processes that are beneficial to humans is called

Select the common characteristics of stem cells.

They can differentiate into one or more specialized cell types. They have the capacity to divide.

A gene ----- modification is a gene ------ in which a gene of interest has been added to a particular site in the mouse genome.

Blank 1: knockin Blank 2: addition or insertion