Genetics 4th Quarter Test 1 Drosophila

Forward and reverse mutations indicate the evolutionary importance of the mutation. Select one: True False

False

_____ cells are those that give rise to sperm and egg cells.

Germ

In Drosophila embryos, the anterior compartment of a segment overlaps with the posterior compartment of a parasegment. Select one: True False

True

The bicoid gene is responsible for the formation of what portion of the Drosophila embryo? Select one: a. Anterior structures b. Abdomen c. Ventral structures d. Posterior structures

a. Anterior structures

In the following sequence of DNA, the italicized base has been mutated. What type of mutation is this? 5' - G A T C T C C G A A T T - 3' original strand 5' - G A T C T C C C A A T T - 3' mutated strand Select one: a. Transversion b. Neither c. Transition

a. Transversion

Segmental identity in the embryo can first be determined at Select one: a. immediately after gastrulation b. the cephalic furrow stage. c. the ventral furrow stage. d. the cellular blastoderm stage.

a. immediately after gastrulation

A translocation that moves a gene from an area of euchromatin to heterochromatin would typically cause a(n) _______ in the expression of the gene. Select one: a. Gene expression would remain the same b. Reduction c. Increase

b. Reduction

The genes that subdivide the embryonic body into an array of essentially identical body regions are called Select one: a. polarity genes. b. segmentation genes. c. homeotic genes. d. gap genes.

b. segmentation genes.

Mutations that change the configuration of a protein at a specific temperature are called ____ mutations. Select one: a. Neutral b. Beneficial c. Conditional d. None of the answers are correct e. Deleterious

c. Conditional

Gap genes and pair-rule genes are examples of genes that determine _____. a. The formation of the major body axis b. The final identity of a body region c. Formation of body segments d. The formation of the primary cell layers

c. Formation of body segments

The bicoid gene has what pattern of inheritance? Select one: a. Sex-linked b. Autosomal c. Maternal inheritance d. Incomplete penetrance

c. Maternal inheritance

In humans, what gene determines maleness? a. DSX b. sex-1 c. SRY d. SXL

c. SRY

Which of the following genes must be expressed in Drosophila for development into a female fly? Select one: a. Hox b. sex-1 c. SXL d. SRY

c. SXL

Using the same information, if this mutation aids in the survival of the individual or increases the chances to produce offspring, it would be called a _____ mutation. Select one: a. Deleterious b. Conditional c. Neutral d. Beneficial e. Lethal

d. Beneficial

Which of the following is the first stage of embryonic pattern development in Drosophila? Select one: a. None of the answers are correct b. Segmentation patterns c. Limb position d. Body axes

d. Body axes

Pole cells are responsible for forming what structures in an adult organism? Select one: a. Nerve cells b. Hematopoietic stem cells c. Liver cells d. Gametes

d. Gametes

The wild-type eye color of Drosophila is red. A single-base mutation occurs that produces a white eye color. Which of the following is correct regarding this mutation? Select one: a. All of the answers are correct b. Individuals with white eyes are called reversions c. It would be an example of a silent mutation d. It is an example of a mutation that alters protein function

d. It is an example of a mutation that alters protein function

Translocations and inversions may cause which of the following? Select one: a. Genome mutations b. TRNE c. All of the answers are correct d. Position effect e. Anticipation

d. Position effect

Silent mutations are possible due to the _______ nature of the genetic code.

degenerate

The ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm are formed during the ____ stage of embryogenesis. Select one: a. Fertilization b. Cellular blastoderm c. Syncytial blastoderm d. None of the answers are correct e. Gastroderm

e. Gastroderm

A change in the chromosome number is called a ______ mutation.

genome

A heritable change in the genetic material is called a _____.

mutation

An individual that is a genetic mosaic would be the result of a ______ cell mutation.

somatic

A mutation in a gene that restore the wild-type phenotype of a second gene is called a ____ mutation.

suppressor

The most common genotype in a population is called the _____.

wild type