Genetics Final
What type of genetic studies are thought to offer the greatest promise for determining more specific heritability information about the very complex psychiatric and behavioral disorders? A. SIngle-gene testing B. GWAS (genome-wide association studies) C. Prenatal panel testing
B. GWAS (genome-wide association studies)
Alleles for type O blood are is recessive, while alleles for types A or B are dominant. What is the likelihood of a child being born with phenotype type O blood if both parents have homozygous genotypes for their blood types as shown in the Punnett square? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. No answer text provided
A. 0%
Alleles for type O blood are recessive, while alleles for types A andr B are dominant. What is the likelihood of a child who is born to these parents being classified as having the phenotype of type O blood? (See both parents have homozygous genotypes for their respective blood types as shown in the Punnett square). A. 0% B. 25% C. No answer text provided D. 50%
A. 0%
What is the likelihood of an unaffected offspring of a parent with an autosomal inherited disease passing the condition to the next generation? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 100%
A. 0%
Which of the following persons would be a candidate for referral for genetic counseling? Select all that apply. A. A woman with a maternal aunt and a sister with BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes. B. A 42-year old male whose father and uncle both died in their early 50s from colon cancer. C. An African American female contemplating pregnancy who knows her husband is a carrier for sickle cell disease. D. A couple with a child with cystic fibrosis who state that since their one child already has CF, their next child can at most be a carrier.
A. A woman with a maternal aunt and a sister with BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes. B. A 42-year old male whose father and uncle both died in their early 50s from colon cancer. C. An African American female contemplating pregnancy who knows her husband is a carrier for sickle cell disease. D. A couple with a child with cystic fibrosis who state that since their one child already has CF, their next child can at most be a carrier.
What is the recommendation of the American Academy of Pediatrics regarding testing of minor children for genetic conditions that have an adult onset? A. AAP recommends that children should not undergo predictive testing for a genetic disorder unless there is a clear benefit for the child. not be tested for B. AAP recommends that all children who are thought to be at increased risk for a genetic disorder should be tested as soon as possible.
A. AAP recommends that children should not undergo predictive testing for a genetic disorder unless there is a clear benefit for the child. not be tested for
Which of the options listed are benefits of genetic counseling with a credentialed genetics counselor? Select all that apply. (See King & Mahon 2017, p. 593) A. Anticipatory guidance regarding possible outcomes of testing and recommendations for care exploration. B. Patient and family education regarding alternatives to test. C. Selection of best test or panel of tests based on risk assessment. D. Discussion of options for research studies.
A. Anticipatory guidance regarding possible outcomes of testing and recommendations for care exploration. B. Patient and family education regarding alternatives to test. C. Selection of best test or panel of tests based on risk assessment. D. Discussion of options for research studies.
Which of the following actions would best indicate to the nurse that the client understands the information about results of genetic testing given by the health care provider? A. Client accurately describes meaning of test results in own words. B. Client shares test results with family members. C. Client agrees to have follow-up testing. D. Client replies "I have no questions" when the provider finishes explaining the results of the genetic testing.
A. Client accurately describes meaning of test results in own words.
Which of the following are factors/processes that influence epigenetic mechanisms? (Select 3 of the 4 as correct choices). A. Drugs/pharmaceuticals B. Altered DNA sequences C. Aging D. Diet
A. Drugs/pharmaceuticals C. Aging D. Diet
Which of the following statements is true about the occurrence of the autosomal dominant condition - achrondoplasia? A. Eighty percent of cases of achrondoplasia are due to de novo mutations that are 100% penetrant. B. Fifty percent of cases of children born with achrondoplasia are due to de novo mutations. C. Children who have achrondoplasia due to a de novo mutation cannot pass the condition onto their future children. D. Because the pattern of inheritance is autosomal dominant, 100% of children with one parent with achrondoplasia will inherit the disorder.
A. Eighty percent of cases of achrondoplasia are due to de novo mutations that are 100% penetrant.
What factors have led to improved quality of life and longevity in lives of persons with Down Syndrome? Select all that apply. A. Expansion of educational and vocational opportunities B. Use of plastic surgery in most persons with DS phenotype facial features. C. Support of families and advocacy groups D. Improved health care E. Persistent negative attitudes of public towards persons with DS
A. Expansion of educational and vocational opportunities C. Support of families and advocacy groups D. Improved health care
Which of the following delivery options in most used by genetic counselors in providing pre-test and post-test counseling for patients undergoing cancer genetic testing? (King & Mahon, p. 592). A. Face-to-face (in person) B. Videoconferencing C. Telephone
A. Face-to-face (in person)
What is the US Supreme Court ruling regarding the right of companies to patent genes? A. Genes in their natural sequence that are unmodified cannot be patented. B. The US Supreme Court disallows patenting of any genes.
A. Genes in their natural sequence that are unmodified cannot be patented.
What term is defined as the condition whereby a person has one to many gene variations that increase the risk for disease expression? A. Genetic susceptibility B. Genetic susceptibility
A. Genetic susceptibility
Which of the following conditions is monogenic? A. Hereditary hemochromatosis B. Coronary artery disease C. Type 2 diabetes mellitus D. Hypertension
A. Hereditary hemochromatosis
What is the clinical meaning of nitroglycerin, when administered enterally, having a 95% first-pass loss? A. Nitroglycerin, if taken orally, would only be able to exert 5% of its intended action - dilating the coronary arteris. B. A 95% first-pass loss means that 95% of people who take NTG will have no effect from the first dose, but hey will respond to subsequent doses.
A. Nitroglycerin, if taken orally, would only be able to exert 5% of its intended action - dilating the coronary arteris.
A patient lacks CYP2D6, the enzyme needed for first stage metabolism of codeine into morphine to relieve pain. What should the nurse expect as a result of this enzyme deficiency? A. Patient should not be prescribed codeine for pain, but morphine will be an effective drug choice. B. Patient will experience no pain relief from either taking codeine or morphine.
A. Patient should not be prescribed codeine for pain, but morphine will be an effective drug choice.
Which statement is true about conditions inherited according to the pattern of inheritance shown in the following pedigree example? A. Males are predominately affected more than females. B. More females than males are affected by this condition.
A. Males are predominately affected more than females.
Which of the following statements are TRUE about Direct-to-Consumer Testing used by oncology patients? Select all that apply. See King & Mahon 2017, p. 595 A. Persons who use DTC testing may develop psychological distress upon receiving reports of mutations indicating risk for cancer. B. DTC testing involves only a small number of genes being tested and may lead to incomplete information. C. DTC testing must be certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. D. Patients may be inappropriately reassured by negative results.
A. Persons who use DTC testing may develop psychological distress upon receiving reports of mutations indicating risk for cancer. B. DTC testing involves only a small number of genes being tested and may lead to incomplete information. D. Patients may be inappropriately reassured by negative results.
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding pharmacogenomic testing? A. Pharmacogenomic testing is strongly recommended for persons being prescribed drugs to treat mental health disorders. B. All patients are required to undergo pharmacogenomic testing before taking any prescribed anticoagulants.
A. Pharmacogenomic testing is strongly recommended for persons being prescribed drugs to treat mental health disorders.
What is the meaning of the term "precision medicine"? A. Precision medicine is the use of genomics to tailor therapies to treat subgroups of diseases (Beery et al., p. 342). B. Precision medicine is defined as making a diagnosis based solely on "gold standard" diagnostic tests". C. Precision medicine is another name for personalized medicine. D. Precision medicine means no two patients would receive the same treatment for any given condition.
A. Precision medicine is the use of genomics to tailor therapies to treat subgroups of diseases (Beery et al., p. 342).
In which of the following ways can the quality and efficiency of care be optimized by using an interprofessional approach to delivering personalized medicine? (Select 3 of 4; see IPE article). A. Reduce gaps in care B. Provide consistency and accuracy of information. C. Team identification of patient needs D. Minimize duplicate testing
A. Reduce gaps in care B. Provide consistency and accuracy of information. D. Minimize duplicate testing
Which of the following topic nursing research topic areas is NOT considered by the Advisory Panel on Genetics and Genomics to be a cross-cutting theme? A. Risk specific decision support B. Policy development C. Public education D. Health disparities
A. Risk specific decision support
Which of the following conditions are inherited via an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance? Select 3 of the 5 options as correct. A. Sickle cell disease B. Cystic fibrosis C. Achrondoplasia D. Hemophilia A E. Tay Sachs Disease
A. Sickle cell disease B. Cystic fibrosis E. Tay Sachs Disease
Which of the following statements is true about Alzheimer Disease and genetics? A. Single gene inheritance is associated with early-onset Alzheimer Disease. B. Most cases of Alzheimer disease occur in younger people.
A. Single gene inheritance is associated with early-onset Alzheimer Disease.
What are SNPs? (Santos et al., p. 47) A. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are genetic variations resulting from a single nucleotide base (A, C, T, or G) change in the DNA sequence. B. SNPs are the result of tumor profiling at a molecular level. C. Biomarkers that indicate over expression of certain proteins. D. Classification system for certain types of tumors.
A. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are genetic variations resulting from a single nucleotide base (A, C, T, or G) change in the DNA sequence.
Which of the following statements is true about genetic associations with psychiatric and behavioral disorders? A. Studies with monozygotic twins and dizygotic twins are helpful in demonstrating heritability is thought to be at the root of common psychiatric and behavioral disorders. B. Professional psychiatric organizations recommend DTC genetic testing to prove patterns of inheritance. C. Most psychiatric and behavioral disorders are inherited through an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.
A. Studies with monozygotic twins and dizygotic twins are helpful in demonstrating heritability is thought to be at the root of common psychiatric and behavioral disorders.
Which of the following conditions are inherited via an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance? A. Tay Sachs Disease B. Sickle cell disease C. Achrondoplasia D. Cystic fibrosis E. Hemophilia A
A. Tay Sachs Disease B. Sickle cell disease D. Cystic fibrosis
Which statement is true about an autosomal recessive carrier trait? A. The genotype would reveal the carrier state; the phenotype is not likely to show any expression of the condition at all. B. The phenotype would demonstrate the carrier trait; the genotype would not. C. The carrier trait is fully demonstrated through both the genotype and phenotype.
A. The genotype would reveal the carrier state; the phenotype is not likely to show any expression of the condition at all.
What is the meaning of a false-positive newborn screen? A. The newborn screening test is positive for an inheritable condition, but follow-up testing will rule out the child actually has the condition. B. A false positive means the child has the inheritable condition, but the screening test result is negative.
A. The newborn screening test is positive for an inheritable condition, but follow-up testing will rule out the child actually has the condition.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about an autosomal recessive disorder? A. The risk of both parents being carriers for the condition is increased among people of similar ethnic, geographic, religious backgrounds. B. When both parents are carriers of a mutation in the same gene, the risk of transmission of the disorder to each offspring is 50%. C. AR disorders can only be detected in children after they are born. D. The condition is expressed when it is in the heterozygous state.
A. The risk of both parents being carriers for the condition is increased among people of similar ethnic, geographic, religious backgrounds.
Answer the question related to the pattern of inheritance shown in this pedigree. A. Transmission occurs along the maternal line in this pattern of inheritance, known as mitochondrial inheritance. B. The pedigree shows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. C. The father's healthy x chromosome prevents transmission to any offspring. D. Both affected mothers and fathers transmit the condition to the next generation.
A. Transmission occurs along the maternal line in this pattern of inheritance, known as mitochondrial inheritance.
Which of the following are clinical applications or goals of pharmacogenomics? Select 3 of the 4 responses as correct. A. Understand the way in which variations in DNA sequencing affect drug response. B. Reduce the adverse reactions to medications. C. Predict the most appropriate dose of a drug for a given patient. D. Guarantee the exact way each person will respond to a medication.
A. Understand the way in which variations in DNA sequencing affect drug response. B. Reduce the adverse reactions to medications. C. Predict the most appropriate dose of a drug for a given patient.
Which of the following terms is used to describe the changeable severity of signs and symptoms that a person might demonstrate when they are affected by a genetic condition (usually an autosomal dominant inheritance disorder)? A. Variable expressivity B. Polygenic transmission C. Reduced penetrance
A. Variable expressivity
What term is given to the physical examination of a child by a genetic specialist who is looking for anatomic variations that occur within specific genetic disorders? A. Three-generation pedigree B. Dysmorphology assessment C. Family history D. Karyotyping
B. Dysmorphology assessment
Which of the following options are characteristic of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy? Select 3 options as correct. A. Penetrance is 100%. B. Familial HCM is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. C. Tends to be asymptomatic during early years. D. Age of onset varies.
B. Familial HCM is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. C. Tends to be asymptomatic during early years. D. Age of onset varies.
What is the monozygotic twin concordance rate for autism? A. 1% to 3% B. 70% to 80% C. 100% D. 5% to 10 %
B. 70% to 80%
Identify the four main concepts identified by Hamilton et al. as findings from their study (p. 278). A. Out-of-pocket costs of genetic testing B. Adjusting to knowledge of genetic risk C. Moving from actions to the impact of actions D. Current effective treatments in breast cancer E. Living with choices made in response to genetic testing F. Considering the next generation at risk
B. Adjusting to knowledge of genetic risk C. Moving from actions to the impact of actions E. Living with choices made in response to genetic testing F. Considering the next generation at risk
Which of the following recommendations should be made to a sexually active woman who is found to have thrombophilia due to Factor V Leiden? A. Hormonal birth control is advised since it causes dilation of vascular smooth muscle and will reduce likelihood of clot development. B. Avoid use of hormonal contraceptives as these promote clotting. C. Hormonal contraceptives are advised as long as they are given via patch and not taken orally.
B. Avoid use of hormonal contraceptives as these promote clotting.
What is the expectation for competence in genetic childhood disorders for nurses in clinical practice? A. Become certified as a genetic counselor. B. Be familiar with updated resources and information from scholarly sources. C. Know all current genetic disorders from diagnosis to treatment. D. Have at least 50% of continuing education hours in genetic innovations.
B. Be familiar with updated resources and information from scholarly sources.
Which of the following health conditions/disorders/diseases is inherited through a Mendelian pattern of inheritance? A. Type 2 diabetes B. Bloom syndrome C. Obesity D. Hypertension
B. Bloom syndrome
What is the most common reason persons offer as the reason they choose not to undergo genetic testing? A. Fear of needlestick B. Fear of genetic discrimination C. Fear of inaccurate test results
B. Fear of genetic discrimination
Which of the following psychiatric or behavioral disorders are known to be highly inheritable, although they have no identified single gene or chromosomal pattern of inheritance? Select 2 of the 4 options as correct. A. Bipolar disorder B. Huntington Disease C. Major depression D. Fragile X
B. Huntington Disease D. Fragile X
Which of the following options are considerations that parents have requested regarding education about newborn screening. Select 2 of the 4 responses as correct. A. Advance reading of the informed consent form required to be signed by parents before newborn screening can be done. B. Include descriptions of the way results will be communicated back to the parents. C. What to expect if retesting or follow-up evaluation is needed. D. Parents prefer newborn screening education be done only after the child is delivered so it is more relevant.
B. Include descriptions of the way results will be communicated back to the parents. C. What to expect if retesting or follow-up evaluation is needed.
Which of the following options is an example of the nurse acting as a patient advocate when providing genomic care? A. Nurse falsely documents the client has undergone counseling so insurance will cover costs of genetic testing. B. Nurse reminds client they have the right to choose undergo testing or not. C. Nurse encourages family members to try and get the client to change mind about refusing genetic testing. D. Nurse asks client about specific risk factors or inheritable conditions when taking the health history.
B. Nurse reminds client they have the right to choose undergo testing or not.
Which term indicates a collection of features/symptoms that occur together and have a consistent pattern? A. Sequence B. Syndrome
B. Syndrome
What is the primary factor that identifies selection of a condition to be included in newborn screening programs? A. Condition must curable with early and appropriate treatment. B. The condition is treatable with early diagnosis and early treatment will prevent significant morbidity and mortality. C. Condition must be highly prevalent across all racial and ethnic groups. D. Cost to analyze the condition is minimal.
B. The condition is treatable with early diagnosis and early treatment will prevent significant morbidity and mortality.
In the study, how did the results of positive genetic testing for breast cancer influence the subjects' follow-up with recommended preventive screenings? (Hamilton et al., p 276, 279) A. They did not follow recommended screenings because they believed the "cancer was in their genes".could not change their risk. B. They accepted and followed up with recommended screening practices.
B. They accepted and followed up with recommended screening practices.
Which of the following options represent common reasons a person may choose to withhold information about a genetic diagnosis from family members? (Select 3 correct options.) A. They do not believe in the accuracy of test results. B. They believe they are protecting family members by not telling them of genetic disorder. C. They are dealing with feelings of guilt. D. Stigmatization
B. They believe they are protecting family members by not telling them of genetic disorder. C. They are dealing with feelings of guilt. D. Stigmatization
What is the priority clinical use for tumor profiling? (Santos, p. 45-46) A. To determine accurate incidence rates of certain cancers. B. Tumor profiling is used to guide selection of targeted treatments/interventions. C. To determine cancer tissue type for research. D. To follow the natural progression of the cancer from diagnosis, through treatment, to mortality.
B. Tumor profiling is used to guide selection of targeted treatments/interventions.
Which of the following are notable characteristics of the phenotype of DS? Select all that apply. A. Trisomy 21 visible on karotype B. Upward slant to eyes C. Short neck D. Depressed nasal bridge
B. Upward slant to eyes C. Short neck D. Depressed nasal bridge
A couple seeks genetic counseling prior to pregnancy due to the fact the woman is a carrier for the gene responsible for cystic fibrosis (CF). The man does not have the gene. Which statement is correct regarding the couple's question for estimating the risk for having a child born with CF? A. Only female children will be at risk for developing CF. B. There is a risk of 25% with each pregnancy that one of the couple's children will have CF. C. No offspring can be born with the CF disease, but there is a probability of an offspring being a carrier. D. There is a 50% risk that a child born to this couple will have CF.
C. No offspring can be born with the CF disease, but there is a probability of an offspring being a carrier.
A patient lacks the enzyme activity needed to metabolize a specific medication and is identified as a "poor metabolizer." What finding should the nurse expect in this patient when a standard dose of the medication is prescribed? A. The patient will rapidly clear the drug from the system and have little or no effect from the drug. B. The patient will have the expected therapeutic response to the drug without risk of side effects. C. The patient will likely build up high levels of the drug and be at risk for toxicity.
C. The patient will likely build up high levels of the drug and be at risk for toxicity.
Identify the following life threatening arrhythmia seen in patients with Long QT syndrome? A. Corrective bradycardia B. QT correction C. Torsades de pointes D. Atrial fibrillation
C. Torsades de pointes
A client undergoes testing for a genetic condition that is strongly expressed throughout her family pedigree. When the client is notified the results of testing are available, the client tells the nurse they decided they don't want to know the results. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "I will share the results with your spouse as it will be easier to hear the results from them." B. "In my experience, people always regret the choice not to get the test results." C. "Your results will be available if and when you decide you want to receive them." D. "I am not sure why you bothered to get the test done if you don't want to know the results."
C. "Your results will be available if and when you decide you want to receive them."
What percent of cancers occur as sporadic cancers? (Santos et al. p. 45) A. 25% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%
C. 75%
Identify the pattern of inheritance shown in the pedigree. A. X-linked dominant B. X-linked recessive C. Autosomal dominant D. Autosomal recessive
C. Autosomal dominant
Which term describes a gene that has been shown in some studies, not all, to be part of the causation pathway for a genetic condition because it is located on an area of interest in a specific chromosome? A. Recessive gene B. Allele C. Candidate gene D. Genetic marker
C. Candidate gene
What is the best way for the general professional nurse to evaluate a client's history for "red flags" when considering risk for a genetic/genomic condition? A. Encourage clients to have routine genetic testing done before receiving any treatments. B. Review the client's history with family members to see if the client has provided all pertinent information. C. Construct a three-generation pedigree to identify patterns in inheritable risk or health conditions. D. Ask the client if they have ever undergone genetic testing.
C. Construct a three-generation pedigree to identify patterns in inheritable risk or health conditions.
What term is used to describe a gene variant that cannot be identified with at least 90% to 99% certainty to be either benign or pathogenic? (King & Mahon 2017, p. 594) A. Ambiguous B. Malignant C. Variant of unknown clinical significance D. Noninformative
C. Variant of unknown clinical significance
A healthcare provider informs a patient that he has an adult-onset cardiac condition that is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning each of his offspring has a 50% chance of inheriting the condition. The patient tells the doctor he has no intention of telling his spouse or any of his three asymptomatic teenage children about the diagnosis. What should be the provider's initial response? A. The provider should explain to the patient that the children are not likely to have inherited the condition because they are asymptomatic. B. The provider should directly inform the spouse and children to be tested as soon as possible. C. Discuss with the patient the reasons for his decision to not disclose the genetic disorder to the family. D. Provider should consult with an ethics committee to decide for the patient the correct action that should be taken.
C. Discuss with the patient the reasons for his decision to not disclose the genetic disorder to the family.
Which of the following statements is true about autoimmune disorders? Select 2 as correct. A. The affected individual has an increased ability for self-tolerance of cells. B. Twin concordance in monozygotic auto-immune disorders is 100%. C. Females are affected 2 to 3 more times the rate of males. D. Epigenetic changes ate thought to explain the gene-environment interaction in auto-immune diseases.
C. Females are affected 2 to 3 more times the rate of males. D. Epigenetic changes ate thought to explain the gene-environment interaction in auto-immune diseases.
Which ethical principle is of greatest concern to be violated by the lack of equitable access to genetic testing and other genetic services for people with limited financial resources? A. Confidentiality B. Beneficence C. Justice D. Autonomy
C. Justice
In which of the following situations, would pre-implantation sex identification of the embryo be more likely to be recommended as a genetic treatment option? A. Parents have four sons and want to have a daughter. B. Mother has a genetic disorder passed along an autosomal pattern of inheritance. C. Mother is a carrier of an x-linked recessive disease.
C. Mother is a carrier of an x-linked recessive disease.
Which of the following options represents a recommended strategy for ensuring informed consent of participants initially being invited to enroll in genetic research studies that request long-term use of genetic tissue samples? A. Detail all future uses of genetic tissue samples in the initial informed consent form. B. Tell participants that they will be required to give written consent each and every time any test is carried out on their genetic tissue sample. C. Provide strict protocols for general notification to be made of results of studies using genetic tissue samples. D. Grant researchers broad unrestricted use of genetic tissue sample.
C. Provide strict protocols for general notification to be made of results of studies using genetic tissue samples.
Which statement is true about an autosomal recessive carrier trait? A. The carrier trait is fully demonstrated through both the genotype and phenotype. B. The phenotype would demonstrate the carrier trait; the genotype would not. C. The genotype would reveal the carrier state; the phenotype is not likely to show any expression of the condition at all.
C. The genotype would reveal the carrier state; the phenotype is not likely to show any expression of the condition at all.
TRUE or FALSE: Rapid scientific discoveries and treatment innovations within the area of genetics and genomics in health care have resulted in numerous and significant ethical conflicts to arise between patients, families, and providers.
TRUE
Which of the following nurses is qualified to provide independent definitive counseling regarding genetic risk? A. Nurses who have received a minimum of 30 hours of continuing education in genetics. B. Nurses who work in prenatal clinics. and receive results of genetic screening tests done routinely in pregnancy. C. Nurses who work in clinical research trials investigating gene therapies. D. An advanced practice nurse who is certified by an accrediting professional genetics board.
D. An advanced practice nurse who is certified by an accrediting professional genetics board.
A 37 yr old male finds out he has the gene for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). He tells the nurse that he is not going to tell anyone in his family about the test results. What would be the best response by the nurse? A. "You are being very selfish. Others in your family need to know". B. "If you do not agree to tell your family, the office will notify your immediate family members." C. "I don't blame you. I would not want to tell anyone either." D. " This news is upsetting to hear. What are your reasons for not wanting to tell your family."
D. " This news is upsetting to hear. What are your reasons for not wanting to tell your family."
What is the likelihood of an unaffected offspring of a parent with an autosomal dominant inherited disease passing the condition to the next generation? A. 100% B. 25% C. 50% D. 0%
D. 0%
Which of the following is a risk associated with genetic testing of minors for genetic disorders? A. Adoptions would be greatly facilitated if prospective parents knew the genetic background of a child. B. Preventive screenings and treatments may be made at earlier age. C. Additional information can be obtained to understand familial pattern of inheritance. D. Children may develop anxiety or depression at an early age for a disorder that manifest during adulthood.
D. Children may develop anxiety or depression at an early age for a disorder that manifest during adulthood.
What is the hallmark of hereditary cancer? (Santos et al., p. 45) A. Prolonged exposure to an environmental risk factor B. Rapid progression of the cancer once diagnosed. C. Cancer occurring in a person with no family history. D. Earlier age of onset than expected normally for a particular cancer
D. Earlier age of onset than expected normally for a particular cancer
What is the definition for the term "eugenics"? A. Eugenics means normal genetic make-up, indicating a person has no identifiable genetic disorder or carrier state. B. Eugenics is a movement to patent all genetic discoveries. C. Eugenics is a synonym for gene therapy when modified genes are used to treat genetic disorders. D. Eugenics is defined as working to improve humankind through selective breeding of people based on desirable traits.
D. Eugenics is defined as working to improve humankind through selective breeding of people based on desirable traits.
Which of the following is a single-gene cause of atherosclerosis? A. Nicotine dependence B. Hypertension C. Lipid disorders D. Familial Hypercholesterolemia
D. Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Which of the essential competencies of the professional registered nurse includes the following action? The professional nurse..."Evaluates impact and effectiveness of genetic and genomic technology, information, interventions, and treatments on clients' outcomes." (use 3 pg. excerpt of Essential Competencies) A. Referral Activities B. Identification C. Assessment D. Provision of Education, Care, and Support
D. Provision of Education, Care, and Support
Which of the following statements is TRUE about x-linked recessive disorders? A. Females are primarily affected. B. Females have more serious pathology compared to males with the disease. C. A son of a carrier mother has a 100% chance of getting the condition. D. There is no male to male transmission.
D. There is no male to male transmission.
Which of the following findings suggests an increased likelihood for a strong genetic etiology of a condition? A. Equal incidence between males and females. B. There is reduced penetrance of the condition. C. No external environmental influence is affects the severity of the condition. D. There is strong twin concordance.
D. There is strong twin concordance.
For which of the following conditions would preimplantation genetic diagnosis use sex selection to reduce the risk of transmission of a genetic disorder known to run in families but a specific gene mutation as cause remains unknown? A. Sickle cell disease B. Beta-thalassemia C. Cystic fibrosis D. Turner syndrome
D. Turner syndrome
Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? All members of the interprofessional genetics and genomics team have the same core knowledge and same specialized knowledge and skill set.
FALSE
Is the following statement TRUE or FALSE? To promote accuracy and consistency, all patients should receive genetics and genomic information in the same manner.
FALSE