Geog 1710 Ch. 13
List 4 volcanic activity zones
Contiental Rift Valley, Oceanic - Continental Plate Convergent, Sea Floor Spreading, And Oceanic - Oceanic Plate Convergent
A _____, or heartland region, is an old and stable part of the continental crust
Craton
People often say that California is going to "fall into the ocean". This idea is wrong because the San Andreas fault would have to be a _____ fault associated with ______forces for this to happen
Normal; tension
List two types of scale to rate earthquakes
Richter Scale And Moment Magnitude Scale
A continental_____ is a region with a craton is exposed at the surface
Sheild
The combination effects of _____( powered by internal energy) and ____(powered by the sun through motion of air, water, and ice) create Earth's continental crust
Tectonic activity; weathering and erosion
A hypsographic curve is a graph that shows the earth's surface by area and elevation in relation to sea level.
True
A residual "synclinal ridge" may form within a trough of a fold
True
The mean sea level is at 0m.
True
Approximately what percentage of earth's surface is exposed above sea level? A) 18% B) 29% C) 49% D) 62%
B) 29%
List three types of stress
tension, compression, shear
Orogeny means mountain generating
true
Vertical elevation differences in a local landscape are referred to as A) Relief B) an order of relief C) topography D) crust
A) Relief
The area at the surface directly above the subsurface location where seismic waves are initiated is termed the A) epicenter B) fault area C) Richter zone D) focus, or hypocenter
A) epicenter
Normal faults are associated with A) tension forces B) compressional forces C) plate convergence D) transcurrent forces
A) tension forces
The most active tectonic regions of the north and south America are on the A) western coasts B) eastern coasts C) southern coasts D) mid - continent
A) western coasts
List 4 earths continental shields
African, Australian, Canadian, Indian
When rock strata are strained beyond their ability to remain an intact unit, displacement occurs in a process known as A) folding B) faulting C) stressing D) bending
B) faulting
Volcanic activity located away from plate boundaries is associated with A) subduction and melting of plates along collision zones B) hot spots C) rift zones D) all of the above
B) hot spots
An instrument used to record vibrations in the crust is the A) land barometer B) seismograph C) the Richter scale D) tiltmeter
B) seismograph
Which of the following is true of the earthquake in the Liaoning Province of NE China of Feb. 4, 1975? A) hundreds of thousands were killed B) the quake was successfully forecasted and 3 million people evacuated C) there were virtually no precursors or symptoms that an earthquake was coming D) an earthquake prediction was disastrously incorrect
B) the quake was successfully forecasted and 3 million ppl evacuated
Folded layers of rock can form a wavelike pattern of troughs and crests. The layers near the crest form A) a syncline B) a tension zone C) an anitcline D) a thrust fault
C) an anitcline
Compared to oceanic crust, continental crust is A) denser B) usually formed with less than 50% silica and is rich in iron and magnesium C) generally more complex on content and structure D) essentially composed of basalt
C) generally more complex on content and structure
The most detailed order of relief applies to ______ order relief features? A)first B)second C)third D) none of the above
C)third
Rocks are subjected to stress due to A) Tectonic forces B) gravity C) pressure from overlaying rocks D) all of the above
D) all of the above
The San Andreas system in California is an example of a A) strike slip fault B) transform fault C) right lateral motions D) all of the above
D) all of the above
Which of the following is an example of a first order of relief? A) the Alps B) the Tibetan Plateau C) the Ohio Valley D) an ocean basin
D) an ocean basin
The motion of seismic waves is initiated in a subsurface area along the fault plane called A) epicenter B) fault area C) Richter zone D) focus, or hypocenter
D) focus, or hypocenter
Which of the following is incorrectly matched? A) strain-stress-induced B) compression - shortening or folding C) tension - stretching or faulting D) shearing - stretching
D) shearing - stretching
11) If you were paranoid of earthquakes, which of the following area would be the safest to live? A) convergent plate boundary B) divergent plate boundary C) island arc along a subduction zone D) sheild
D) sheild
The moment magnitude scale is based on energy released and is less accurate than the Ricters scale which based on the amplitude of seismic waves
False
23) Three types of orogenesis:
oceanic oceanic collision, oceanic contiental collision, contiental contiental colliosion