Geography Cumulative Exam 2
Small farms are classified as farms with annual sales of less than _____.
$250,000
In __________ monarchies, the position of king or queen is passed down within families and is not subject to a popular vote.
. A. hereditary.
Using complete sentences, analyze three challenges that Colombia has faced since its independence in 1830.
1. Since gaining independence from Spain in the early nineteenth century, Colombia has experienced only three intervals of military government.
How much money is spent annually on farm subsidies?
18 billion dollars.
Tractors first were manufactured on a large scale in the year _____.
1902
Fidel Castro became the dictator of Cuba in __________.
1959
The percent of people in the United States engaged in agriculture in 2000 was approximately _____.
2%
The percentage of the US population that was engaged in agriculture in 1900 was approximately _____.
38%
What percent of all farms in the US are small family farms?
90%
Which of the following statements best characterizes Costa Rica's government since 1949?
A democratic republic was established, and the country now has strong ties with the US.
Using complete sentences, explain the concept of gender-responsive budgeting and give an example of where it has been successful.
A gender-responsive budgeting is a kind of government planning precisely intended at producing equal chances and possibilities for women and promoting women's rights. Morocco country is one of the places where this has been practiced and exercise. To expand the number of women will receive a proper education, the government has increased school lunch policies, extended medical services in schools, and donates transportation for students living in distant areas. The government is also supplying vocational training, increasing access to microcredit loans, and promoting family planning clinics.
Which of the following systems of government allows citizens to hold only one form of political opinion?
A single-party government.
The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty is best described as __________.
A treaty signed by 190 countries whose goal is to limit the spread of nuclear weapons.
A researcher is studying how the logging industry has affected the ecosystem of the rainforest. Which of the five themes of geography is the researcher most likely studying?
A. human-environment interaction.
Large farms consist of about _____ of all farms in the United States.
A. 10%
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the themes of "place" and "human-environment interaction"?
A. Characteristics of "place" include things like economic activity, architecture, and culture, all of which are human elements that alter or can be influenced by the environment.
Political, social, and economic opportunities are more available to women, ethnic and religious minorities, and other underrepresented populations in --
A. Cultures that embrace democracy and individual freedoms.
Analyze the image below and answer the question that follows. The arrows in the image above show cause and effect. Which of the models depicts an accurate cause-and-effect relationship?
A. Model A.
Which of the following statements about farm subsidies is false?
A. Most farmers do not receive subsidies.
Which of the following statements about the geographic theme of region is false?
A. Regions are always unchanging and distinct in nature.
Which of the following statements about places where education for women is not valued is false?
A. Women marry later and have fewer children.
Which of the following statements about working mothers in the United States is false?
A. Working mothers are given 16 months of maternity leave.
In a presidential republic, the power of the president is kept in balance by power given to __________.
A. a legislative body.
Herbicide-resistant soybeans, pest-resistant cotton, and vitamin-enriched rice are all results of __________.
A. bioengineering.
An economy where the government sets prices, determines what and how many items will be produced, and assigns jobs to all citizens is called a __________ economy.
A. command.
All of the following are negative effects of deforestation except __________.
A. decreased erosion.
Unregulated businesses, undocumented cash payments, coerced labor, and bartering are part of the __________ sector.
A. informal.
Women are more likely to lose their jobs during an economic downturn because __________.
A. many work in the informal sector.
In a __________ economy, most businesses are privately owned, but the government regulates utilities, builds roads and bridges, and provides public services, such as bus transportation.
A. market.
The next best alternative given up when making a choice is called the __________.
A. opportunity cost
A comparative advantage is the ability of a country to produce a particular good or service at a lower ____________ than another country
A. opportunity cost.
In a parliamentary republic, a __________ often serves as both head of state and head of government.
A. prime minister.
Which of the following aspects of agricultural cultivation increases the risk of erosion?
A. replacing natural vegetation with cultivated crops.
The first genetically modified food was the tomato, which was modified to __________.
A. ripen without softening.
Using complete sentences, explain why farming in Africa has not made the gains seen elsewhere in the world.
Africa faces many challenges to improving agricultural production. First, producers do not have the resources or capital to modernize. Second, a lack of rain for long periods has led to widespread famine in places like Ethiopia and Sudan. Third, the lack of crop rotation has reduced soil quality and resulted in decreased yields. Finally, ongoing civil wars have destroyed farms and driven farmers away from arable land.
Which of the following statements about agricultural production in Africa is false?
Agricultural production has increased slightly since 1960.
Which of the following situations is not an example of natural erosion?
Agriculture in Nebraska changes the local landscape.
An intergovernmental orginzation is best described as __________.
An organization of states that pursue shared goals.
What is the difference between bioengineered crops and genetically modified crops?
B. Bioengineered crops are created through natural cross-pollination, while genetically modified crops are created by additions or deletions to DNA.
Which of the following statements best characterizes a difference between GM food and organically grown food?
B. GM food is improved by synthetic means, while organically grown food is improved by natural means.
Which of the following statements best describes the uses of geography? This is also one of the six essential elements of geography.
B. It helps people interpret the past, understand the present, and prepare for the future.
Which of the following groups is the least likely to work in the informal sector of the economy?
B. Men.
__________ are small loans extended to people in poverty, typically those who are unable to get normal business loans.
B. Microloans.
Which of the following statements about Sweden's efforts to eliminate gender inequality is false?
B. Swedish women earn slightly less than American women do, in comparison to men's salaries in the same profession.
The following statements describe a certain country's economy. What type of economy does this country have?
B. a traditional economy.
In a dictatorship, a(n) __________ leader possesses complete power to direct a country.
B. autocratic.
Which of the following is negatively affected by both damming and deforestation?
B. biodiversity.
In a low-income household in the developed world, more than 30% of a woman's income typically goes toward __________.
B. child care.
All of the following are examples of unpaid labor, except __________.
B. cleaning the house of a wealthy family for small wages.
The power of monarchs is limited by a fundamental set of laws in a(n) __________.
B. constitutional monarchy.
With fifty member states that retain their own rights, the United States is an example of a(n) __________ state.
B. federal.
A mixed economy has strong elements of both __________ and __________ economies
B. market . . . planned.
A mixed economy has strong elements of both __________ and __________ economies.
B. market . . . planned.
Which of the five themes of geography would a person most likely use to study the importation of Chinese goods into the United States?
B. movement.
Which of the following factors does the US government use to track farm size?
B. only the annual sales of products produced.
A secular government seeks to separate its decisions and policies from __________ influences.
B. religious.
Jobs that involve creating something out of raw materials, like constructing new homes, are part of the __________ sector of the economy.
B. secondary.
Nations usually __________ industries and activities in which they have a comparative advantage over other nations
B. specialize in.
Microcredit loans typically are used to __________.
B. start a small business out of one's home.
How much of the United States female population works outside of the home?
B. two-thirds.
A(n) __________ state is comprised of a single, solitary state without consenting member governments.
B. unitary.
Using complete sentences, explain how innovations in transportation have impacted agriculture dramatically.
Before the advent of modern transportation, people were limited to food that could be grown locally. Transportation by air, rail, and truck have made food produced in one region available worldwide. The combination of air transportation and refrigeration have made fresh produce available year-round.
Amid a series of ethnic uprisings in the Europe in the 1800s, __________ was one of the few nations to gain independence.
Belgium
Which of the following terms means having two legislative or parliamentary chambers?
Bicameral
Which of the following is not a step people can take to reduce their risk of pesticide exposure
Buy the cheapest fruits and vegetables available.
Women make up 45% of the world's workforce. What percentage of these women live in poverty?
C. 70%.
Which of the following situations best represents a hereditary change in leadership?
C. A queen dies, and her son becomes king.
Which of the following statements about large farms is false?
C. Large farms face greater risks if market prices fluctuate.
Read the sentence below and answer the question that follows. "The Centennial High School parking lot is five blocks down from the softball field." These directions are an example of describing a place by giving its __________ location.
C. Relative.
Which of the following statements about working in the formal employment sector is false?
C. Teenagers under 18 are free to work as many hours per week as they want.
Which of the following statements about pay and promotion equality is false?
C. The pay gap is closing in the developed world.
Which of the following statements about female illegal migrant workers is false?
C. Their wages usually are higher than similar formal sector jobs in the same economy.
__________ training is that which pertains to a particular business or occupation.
C. Vocational.
All of the following jobs could be placed in the quinary economic sector except __________.
C. a worker in a unionized auto factory.
Instability and violence between feuding warlords in the 1990s made Somalia an example of a(n) __________.
C. anarchy.
In a republic, __________ represent territories and citizens in government.
C. elected officials.
Vertical integration means that __________.
C. giant food corporations own the means of production, processing, and transportation.
What is a major difference between formal and informal economic sectors?
C. government regulation and oversight.
People who benefit the most from subsidies are those who have __________.
C. large wheat farmers
A region that is administered by the United States government is an example of a __________ region.
C. political.
Geographers use maps, satellite images, and photographs to organize the world in a(n) __________ context.
C. spatial.
The Grameen Bank of Bangladesh __________.
C. started the practice and concept of microloans.
According to the lecture, 75% of US jobs are focused on providing services. This means they are in the __________ sector of the economy.
C. tertiary.
The US economy is based heavily on __________ sector jobs.
C. tertiary.
Which of the following definitions best describes the term devolution?
C. the breakup of a state into smaller, independent states.
All of the following are steps the country of Morocco took to increase gender equality in society except __________.
C. the creation of vocational training programs for women.
Location, place, and region, three of the five themes of geography, also are studied in __________, one of the six essential elements of geography.
C. the world in spatial terms.
Iran is considered a __________ because its government bases laws on Sharia law.
C. theocracy.
Deforestation is especially problematic in which of the following regions?
C. tropical rainforests
To obtain a microcredit loan, a person typically must __________.
C. verbally promise to pay back the money.
Which three countries have been most involved in the conflict over Kashmir?
China, India and Pakistan.
Which of the following statements provides the best analysis of the origin of the conflict over Kashmir?
China, India, and Pakistan claimed territory in Kashmir after the British left.
What was the origin of the territorial dispute over Taiwan?
Chinese nationalists fled to Taiwan when the People's Republic of China was established.
Which of the following issues would likely be considered Mexico's most challenging problem today?
Conflicts between fundamentalists and moderate religious beliefs.
A __________ is a founding document that provides direction for a country's laws and government.
Constitution.
North Korea, China, and Cuba are modern examples of governments that legally or practically permit only one political party. In single-party states, other parties and their points of view are prohibited or discouraged. Write a short paragraph discussing a country's motivation for creating a single-party government. Why would a country want to limit the number of parties in its system?
Countries that establish single-party governments may seek to promote unity among residents. They may desire a unified set of goals and procedures for the country's future. They may also desire stability and protection against change.
Which Latin American country's economy is struggling, in part, due to a US embargo and a loss of subsidies from the Soviet Union?
Cuba
Which of the following situations is the best example of a coup d'etat?
D. A group of leaders forcefully overthrows the current government.
Which of the following scenarios would not be considered part of the informal sector?
D. Erin pays taxes on each paycheck she receives at work.
Which of the following are examples of the ways erosion affects the environment?
D. I., II., III., and IV.
Which of the following statements about equal societies is false?
D. More equal societies have lower literacy rates for women.
Which of the following statements best summarizes the results of scientific studies on the nutritional value of organically grown food?
D. Studies have been inconclusive regarding the nutritional value of organically grown food and conventionally grown food.
Which of the following statements about large and small farms in the United States is true?
D. The number of small farms has decreased, and they are outnumbered by large farms.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of organic farming?
D. The use of genetic modification to avoid using pesticides.
The first agricultural species to be altered by genetic modification was the __________.
D. Tomato.
Which of the following leaders is an example of an autocratic leader?
D. a dictator.
Giving an address, such as "1000 Elysian Park Avenue, Los Angeles, CA," is an example of describing the __________ of a place.
D. absolute location.
The king or queen has the ultimate authority to make decisions and direct the state in a(n) __________.
D. absolute monarchy.
Farm subsidies were started in the United States to __________.
D. assist farmers in desperate economic times during the Great Depression.
Most modern nations have __________ economies.
D. mixed.
Who or what manages the economy and determines production in a planned economy?
D. the government.
Which branch of government monitors the enforcement and appropriateness of the law?
D. the judicial branch.
Farmers in California typically do not receive subsidies because __________.
D. they typically grow crops that are ineligible for subsidies.
Explain the difference between deforestation, desertification, and damming.
Deforestation: cutting down forests for particular reasons, including creation of farmlands, need for firewood, clearings for houses, etc. Desertification: Overuse of land to the point that the land loses its mineral wealth and becomes a desert overtime. This happens usually with over farming, when a certain group of people farm a area for a long time without stopping or changing. Damming: Stopping or restricting water flow, usually for generating electricity or holding back flooding. This usually caused a shortage of fishes and other marine-life, and animals that depend on these that live inland will slowly die off.
Which of the following statements best describes what is occurring in the land surrounding the Sahara Desert?
Desertification is increasing, and the desert is expanding.
Which of the following statements about East Germany is true?
East Germany chose to reunite with West Germany in 1990.
Cuba's Batista era is best described as a period of __________.
Economic problems despite promotion of foreign investment.
What happened during the Camp David Accords?
Egypt agreed to recognize Israel, and Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula.
In a republic, __________ represent territories and citizens in government.
Elected officials.
Which of the following statements about the economy of Eritrea after independence is false?
Eritrea has a command economy.
Using complete sentences, describe the political and economic challenges that have faced Eritrea since it gained independence.
Eritrea is a small country in the horn of Africa. Upon gaining its independence from its mother country, Eritrea has seen very little improvements in almost all sectors of its economy and is crippled by many meaningless and restrictive policies both economical and social.
Which of the following statements best describes the political situation in Eritrea following independence?
Eritrea still has a transitional government; no national elections have been held, and no constitution has been implemented.
Which of the following terms describes the giving up of a person suspected of a crime as part of an agreement between two or more sovereign powers?
Extradition
Bioengineered foods have been synthesized in the lab and are mass-produced in factories
F.
Men are awarded more than half of all college degrees in the United States.
F.
Two-thirds of all illiterate adults worldwide are men.
F.
Worldwide, households headed by females are less likely to live in poverty.
F.
Because it focuses specifically on agriculture, the International Olive Council is not considered an intergovernmental organization.
False
Korea was separated by armed conflict following World War II and reunited after the Paris Peace Accords.
False
Mechanization has greatly increased the number of people engaged in agriculture in the United States since 1950
False
The term "unification" refers to the merging of two states into one, but not to the creation of regional political or economic blocs.
False
Unlike the Czech Republic, Slovakia is not a member of either the EU or NATO.
False
Both federal and unitary states have advantages and disadvantages. While federal states provide opportunities for members to collaborate, unitary states create more centralized governments. Write a short paragraph evaluating unitary states and federal states. In your opinion, which type of state is a more effective way of managing a country's government?
Federal states may include points about the rights of members, the ability to collaborate or disagree with a federal government, and the benefits of creating a larger government. Answers discussing unitary states may discuss more centralized government, the ability to operate a state more efficiently, and the ability to create and apply laws to all citizens more easily.
River waters that feed the Aral Sea in Asia were diverted for irrigation. Which of the following events did not result from this?
Fish could no longer survive because of the decreased salinity.
Using complete sentences, analyze the causes for gender disparity in developing nations and explain the challenges women face in these countries.
Gender disparity among developing nations are still one of the major problems that social services and communities face daily. Mostly, these are due to factors such as traditional and conservative belief systems which are faulty.
__________ is the deliberate and systemic extermination of a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group.
Genocide.
Which of the following is not a criticism of globalization?
Globalization has resulted in increased cultural diversity.
Agricultural subsidies in the United States began during the __________.
Great Depression.
What was the second country to win independence in the New World?
Haiti
In 2010, __________ experienced a major __________, a disaster that struck outside the city of Port-Au-Prince.
Haiti . . . earthquake
Using complete sentences, explain how ice was produced and delivered before the invention of modern refrigeration.
Ice was harvested from snowfields in the mountains and transported by railcars to its destination.
Using complete sentences, explain why the Colombian government agreed to extradite drug traffickers to the US for trial during the 1980s.
In the 1980's the drug cartels are in control of Columbia. The Columbian government has lost control of situations dealing with punishment for drug related crimes and no longer possessed the ability to contain any of the cartel's criminal activity. The citizens of Columbia and the government have been able to recognize and admit to their faults, which was the main reason for the Columbian government setting up the extradition treaty that they did with the US. The treaty reached peak success during the time that it was supported by the then Columbian Justice Minister Rodrigo Lara Bonilla, and during this period of time, the treaty forced all of the major cartel drug lords into hiding out of Columbia.
In the United States, women earn cents for each dollar that a man earns. Can this be explained? What are the reasons?
In the United States, men believe that women are weaker and therefore shouldn't earn as much. It's basically gender discrimination. The reasons are men believe they're superior to women. There are many equal right among the two, but many rights are not the same as women.
Faster methods of transportation and more sophisticated methods of communication, such as the Internet, have had the greatest impact on the recent trend of __________.
Increased globalization.
Which of the following statements best characterizes changes to agriculture in the United States since 1900?
Increased mechanization has reduced the need for labor.
Using complete sentences, describe six innovations that have contributed to the mechanization of agriculture since the Industrial Revolution.
Innovations since the Industrial Revolution that have contributed to the mechanization of agriculture include refrigeration, mechanical threshers and harvesters, airplanes, electricity, irrigation machines, and the use of computers.
Which of the following nations has been accused of actively pursuing nuclear weapons technology in recent years?
Iran
More than half of all government subsidies go to farmers whose family income __________.
Is more than $200,000 per year.
Why does organic produce spoil more quickly than conventional produce?
It is not treated with preservatives.
Which of the following statements describes the Medellin Cartel?
It was a Colombian cartel that controlled the cocaine trade with North America in the 1970s and 1980s.
How was Soviet nationalism unique?
It was a blend of Russian nationalism and communist ideology
How was the Medellin Cartel finally brought down?
Its leaders were hunted down and killed by armed forces
Using complete sentences, give at least three reasons why tracking the informal sector of an economy is difficult.
Lack of an identification system that helps keep records of an informal economy and a lack of informal business registration. The contribution of the informal sector to the gross domestic product might be hard to track and determine. Use direct approaches such as surveys, tax audits and other tax compliance methods to determine, track, measure, and compare the informal sector with other countries.
Which of the following statements best characterizes Europe's stance on genetically modified (GM) food?
Many European nations considered banning the import and production of GM foods in 2010.
Which of the following statements about economic activity levels is false?
Marketing agricultural products is a secondary economic activity.
The arrows in the image above show cause and effect. Which of the models depicts an accurate cause-and-effect relationship?
Model A
A government ruled by a king or queen is a __________.
Monarchy.
__________ is loyalty to those with whom one shares a common history, culture, and belief system.
Nationalism
Which of the following statements best describes the cause of the Korean War?
North Korea invaded South Korea to try to unify the two states.
Human activity accelerates erosion to 10 to 15 times its natural rate. What are some practices that humans can adopt to slow down erosion?
One thing can be plant more trees. When trees grow and their roots grow, their roots go deep into the ground and keep the ground together. The more trees there are the less the land will erode, and this includes all types of erosion, wind, water, you name it. Or they can just simply stop doing what they're doing and let nature take its course.
Which of the following statements about pesticides and residue is false?
Organic produce always will be pesticide-free.
The Argentinian grasslands shown in the photo above are called the __________ and are one of the world's most productive agricultural areas.
Pampas
Which of the following statements describes a benefit of modern refrigeration?
Perishable items can be kept safely for longer.
Which European nation was the most influential in colonizing Brazil?
Portugal
Which country colonized Brazil in 1500?
Portugal
Which of the following statements about agricultural production is false?
Production is expected to increase at an unlimited level due to technological advancements.
Using complete sentences, summarize three arguments against agricultural subsidies.
Putting food on Europe's plate. Protecting the rural communities. Tasty European food Varieties. Protecting the environment and supporting development.
How do Islamic reform movements disagree with fundamentalist beliefs?
Reformers believe in a less strict interpretation of the Qur'an.
As the result of hundreds of years of assimilation with Spanish culture, the most common religion in Latin America is __________.
Roman Catholicism
How does increased soil salinity contribute to desertification?
Salinity of the soil means that there is a more than normal salt count in the ground, and salt sucks up the water, which creates deserts.
__________ law is civil law based on Islamic beliefs.
Sharia
Which of the following statements about Sharia law in the Middle East is false?
Sharia law is a set of civil laws created without the influence of religion.
The __________ Mountains are a series of mountain ranges that run throughout Mexico.
Sierra Madre
Which of the following nations does not possess nuclear weapons?
Spain
Which of the following statements best summarizes the results of scientific studies on the nutritional value of organically grown food?
Studies have been inconclusive regarding the nutritional value of organically grown food and conventionally grown food.
Using complete sentences, analyze the causes and effects of the civil war in Sudan that started in 1983.
Sudanese civil war started as a conflict between the Muslim Arabs in northern Sudan with the Christian and Animist people of southern Sudan. The war produced widespread death and famine in southern Sudan, and later in the Darfur region. Over 2.5 million refugees have fled to neighboring countries.
Which of the following statements best describes the effects of the civil war in Sudan?
Sudanese refugees fled to neighboring countries
Who is considered to be the father of Latin American independence?
Símon Bolívar.
European interest in the Middle East intensified after oil was discovered in the region.
T.
In Saudi Arabia, up to 60% of university students are women, but women make up less than 5% of the country's workforce.
T.
In the United States, women earn 77 cents for every dollar a man earns.
T.
Informal labor is part of every country's economy.
T.
Large farms produce more than half of all agricultural products in the USA.
T.
Only certain crops are eligible for subsidies.
T.
Organic food is the fastest-growing sector of US agriculture.
T.
Undocumented workers frequently are part of an economy's informal sector.
T.
Which elevation zone on the image above is best suited for growing coffee, corn, wheat, and tobacco?
Templada
Which of the following statements best describes the European Union (EU)?
The EU is a political and economic partnership among separate European nations.
Most of the eastern United States is humid. How does the humidity on the East Coast prevent desertification?
The East Coast's humidity is directly related to the number of trees that restore moisture to the air and allow for soil preservation.
Describe the roles of the three basic branches of government. In most countries, these three branches balance each other by sharing power and monitoring one another. What are the roles of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches?
The Executive branch approves and carries out laws. The Judicial branch enforces laws. The Legislative branch makes laws.
All of the following are major divisions within the United Nations except __________.
The International Civil Defense Organization.
Which of the following intergovernmental organizations is responsible for promoting safe workplace conditions and decent wages?
The International Labor Organization.
____ marked the transition from the end of the Middle Ages to the rise of nation-states.
The Peace of Westphalia.
Foreign logging companies have increased operations in eastern Russia because they are able to use cheaper labor and reduce costs. Several animals' habitats are threatened by this activity. Which of the following is a negative result of this deforestation?
The Siberian tiger is losing its habitat.
How can a consumer tell if a product is organic?
The USDA has developed a labeling system for organic food.
What is the largest and most important river system in South America?
The amazon
Over the course of history, human governments repeatedly have chosen to place power in the hands of a single person. In our lesson, we discussed the qualities of absolute and constitutional monarchies.In a few sentences, evaluate monarchies as forms of government. In your opinion, does it make sense to place power in the hands of one individual? Why or why not?
The benefits of centralized power in the hands of one person, such as the ease in determining a new leader in a hereditary system. the dangers or difficulties in placing power in the hands of a single leader, and they may reference constitutional monarchies as an example of placing checks on a monarch's power.
Who was Símon Bolívar?
The father of Latin American independence.
Using complete sentences, give at least two reasons why many women throughout the world work in the informal, rather than the formal, economic sector.
The first reason is a low level of education and the second is that women are culturally expected to be child bearers.
Why does the United Nations consistently rank Sweden as the country with the most equal society?
The government of Sweden is very diplomatic, and keep their citizen's needs in their minds. There is a high literacy rate, as well as a high life expectancy rate. The people there are respectful to each other, and do what they can to help each other.
Which of the following was not an important challenge facing Latin America immediately after independence?
The immediate and continued invasion by Spanish forces.
In the east African nation of Somalia, the lack of a central government authority led to military intervention by the United Nations in the 1990s. What consequences might a country face when it deals with a state of anarchy? How can a state of anarchy result in violence and safety risks?
The lack of governmental authority and structure in a government facing a state of anarchy results in a lack of oversight. During the 1990's, Somalia's central government devolved into warfare between tribal and warlord leaders, resulting in increases in violence and crime.
Using complete sentences, explain negative consequences associated with limiting women's property rights.
The negative consequences could be that there would be more homeless people on the street (and not because they couldn't get jobs), There could also be rioting in the streets. Also, during war men are put in the draft and cannot own property if they're dead and Some women, not married and without families, may be forced into homelessness and poverty, and earning money for themselves via illegal and inappropriate means.
Using complete sentences, describe three negative effects of globalization.
The negative effects of globalization mostly revolve around loss of cultural heritage and sovereignty. One negative effect is the decline of local traditional culture. As new culture is introduced and the world is globalized, cultures mix and usually a culture that is economically the most powerful manages to impose its own cultural hegemony. Another negative effect is economic dependency on other countries. When your own companies close down because they lose an economic battle with strong foreign companies, then the people have to buy the foreign goods and rely on them. If by any case there is a reason for the economic ties to break, the people who don't have localized manufacture of goods are at a huge loss. A third can be loss of sovereignty. As one country starts depending on the other for employment or manufactured good or raw resources, it starts losing its sovereignty because the country that has what is needed can start imposing its own will on the buying country because it knows that the country that uses the goods will have a difficult time without them. There are many more negative effects but these are just some.
Read the passages below and answer the question that follows. John loves to sleep late in the morning. He also knows that school is important. This morning, John chose to wake up and get to school on time. In doing this, he gave up the opportunity to sleep in. The opportunity cost of John's choice to go to school is two or three hours of sleep. Ana loves to go camping with her family and is looking forward to their trip next weekend. Ana learns that her good friend is having a sleepover birthday party the same Saturday as the trip. For Ana, what would be the opportunity cost of going to her friend's party? Why?
The opportunity cost of Ana going to her friend's birthday party is not going on the camping trip with her family, because the "cost" of going to the party would be losing the chance to go on a camping trip with her family.
Why might an economist think that some jobs categorized as quaternary-sector jobs could be included in the tertiary sector?
The quaternary-sector job covers a large class of jobs from IT services to science to consultancy. The tertiary-sector is commonly thought of selling good and services but also things like education and health services. Some economists include quaternary-sector jobs into the tertiary because both classification that have service related functions.
Using complete sentences, explain why the status of Taiwan is disputed
The status of Taiwan is disputed because it historically belongs to China and was robbed from China by Chiang Kai Chek who when he was losing against the forces of Mao Tse Tung, took the reactionary people and fled to the island of Formosa and formed the renegade country of Taiwan. But it still belongs to China and should be re-united with the country it came from.
Describe three different levels of activity in which agricultural businesses engage.
The three levels of activity include growing crops and raising livestock, manufacturing and packaging, and marketing and advertising.
What is the difference between bioengineered crops and genetically modified crops?
These two terms mean the same thing and describe plants that are created by additions or deletions to DNA.
Why were efficient bureaucracies needed for the nation-state to develop?
They allowed for laws to remain constant in spite of leadership.
Which of the following is not an argument in support of subsidies?
They improve the quality of produce.
Which of the following statements about bioengineered foods is false?
They were developed during the Green Revolution.
Explain why no modern nations have a purely free-market economy.
This would most likely cause corruption in the upper 10% and damage the other 90%. All land owners, business owners, etc. can charge as much as they want for their products, pay their employees as little (or as much) as they want, and get to decide how much and of what is made. This is because in a free market economy, there is very little to no government intervention, meaning little to no regulations on the economy, meaning the rich and wealthy can control how the economy is run.
Analyze the image below and answer the question that follows. Which elevation zone on the image above is best suited for growing bananas and sugarcane?
Tierra Caliente
Which of Latin America's elevation zones is the coldest and experiences permanent ice and snow?
Tierra Nevada
The United Nations was founded primarily __________.
To help international diplomacy.
Which of the following statements about topsoil is false?
Topsoil can be found only on farmland.
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between Cuba and the US today?
Travel and trade between the two nations is severely restricted.
Germany was separated into two nations following World War II.
True
The United Nations is the largest international organization in the world.
True
The amount of freshwater on the planet is not increasing.
True
Which special agency within the United Nations provides long-term humanitarian care to children and mothers in developing countries?
UNICEF
Peaceful anti-government demonstrations in 1989 effectively brought about change in Czechoslovakia during the __________.
Velvet Revolution
What happened during the Russian Revolution?
Vladimir Lenin and the communists overthrew the Russian tsar
__________ describes a Jewish nationalist movement to create a Jewish homeland.
Zionism
Which of the following is not one of the three important developments that was made in agriculture in the past 50 years?
a growing labor force.
In which type of economy do the forces of supply and demand typically drive prices?
a market economy.
The instability following Latin American independence movements in the 1800s resulted in all of the following except __________.
a slave rebellion in Haiti
Farms owned by retirees who no longer cultivate crops are __________.
always considered small family farms regardless of acreage.
In 1492, Columbus __________.
arrived in the West Indies
Why did nationalist desires for independence destabilize Austria-Hungary in the period leading up to World War I?
because groups wanted to create multiple independent states.
Which of the following is not a benefit of globalization?
better use of limited worldwide water resources.
One of the results of the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill is the threat to various species in the gulf's ecosystem; it disturbed and, in some cases, forever altered the __________ of the Gulf Coast
biodiversity
Herbicide-resistant soybeans, pest-resistant cotton, and vitamin-enriched rice are all results of __________.
bioengineering
Which of the following actions is not an example of US involvement in Latin America?
bringing the tradition of Carnival to Brazil
Nations usually specialize in industries where they have a
comparative advantage.
A major challenge of nationalism is
competition
Which of the following issues would likely be considered Mexico's most challenging problem today?
conflicts arising from drug cartels and government corruption
Salafiyya is a __________.
conservative movement within the Muslim world
Agricultural lobbyists have been urging the __________ of farm subsidies.
continuation
In 2009, agricultural production in Africa had __________ since 1960.
decreased by 10%.
All of the following are typical challenges faced by limited-resource farmers except __________.
having larger-than-average farms, but not having the equipment to farm them effectively.
Which of the following is not a factor that is increasing the risk of a widespread famine before 2050?
increased crop diversification.
Which of the following is not a factor that is preventing agricultural success in less-developed countries?
investment in high-value crops.
Which of the following is not an agricultural innovation that has occurred since industrialization?
irrigation
Panama is considered a(n) __________, or a narrow strip of land that connects two larger landforms.
isthmus
A limited-resource farmer __________.
lacks access to capital and labor.
Most modern nations have __________ economies.
mixed
The mestizo population group is a majority group in most Latin American countries. Mestizos are best described as people __________.
of mixed Spanish and Native American heritage
People around the world rely on the Amazon Rainforest for all of the following resources except __________.
oil
A comparative advantage is the ability of a country to produce a particular good or service at a lower ____________ than another country.
opportunity cost
Which of the following was not a typical characteristic of Latin American democracy in the 1800s?
peaceful transitions following elections.
Over the years, the United States government has intervened in Latin America on behalf of US business and __________ interests.
political
High erosion rates in Madagascar are caused primarily by __________.
poor economic growth and high poverty rates.
Irrigation machinery has __________ the amount of irrigated land in the US.
quadrupled
The laws and policies of a theocratic government are based on __________.
religious principles and beliefs.
Biotechnology has contributed all of the following to agriculture except __________.
shifting cultivation.
Haiti's independence from France was achieved through a __________.
slave rebellion
What does comparative advantage have the most influence on?.
specialization
Nations usually __________ industries and activities in which they have a comparative advantage over other nations.
specialize in.
By the 1700s, the Church's power had diminished and __________.
states had emerged as the uncontested authority in Europe.
Soil degradation, rising population, water scarcity, and a lack of capital put which of the following regions at the greatest risk for famine and malnutrition?
sub-Saharan Africa.
Which of the following was not a conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors?
the First Gulf War
All of the following were pre-Columbian civilizations in Mexico, except __________.
the Inca
Which of the following major bodies of water does not surround Latin America?
the Mediterranean Sea
Progressive Muslims typically support all of the following for women, except __________.
the increased occurrence of polygamy
Which of the following is not a factor that has contributed to agricultural success in the US?
the prohibition of hybridized crops.
In order to meet the projected needs of the population in 2050, agricultural production will need to __________.
triple
Developers decide to build an outdoor shopping complex and two future housing developments by cutting down acres of local woods. Which type(s) of human activity is taking place in this example?
urban sprawl and deforestation.
