Geology Lab Final

The asthenosphere is

A layer of low rigidity that separates the rigid lithosphere from the rigid mantle

Which of the following is a possible origin of a metamorphic rock

A sedimentary rock is buried deep beneath other sedimentary rocks

The principle of inclusions states that

A sedimentary rock must be younger than the clasts that it contains

The lithosphere is

Composed of the entire crust and the uppermost mantle

If a sequence of sedimentary rocks has been folded and is now vertical

Graded bedding can help determine whether some beds are older or younger than the beds next to them

Well rounded grains in a clastic sedimentary rock indicate

Numerous collisions between particles during extensive transportation

Angular grains in a clastic sedimentary rock indicate

Rapid typically short distance transport

What changes take place during physical weathering

Rocks are broken into smaller pieces

The difference between sills and dikes is that

Sills are parallel to layering in surrounding rocks while dikes cut across layering

An igneous rock froms by

Solidification of magma at the surface or within the earth

An angular unconformity is evidence that

There is an incomplete geologic record preserved in an area

A porphyritic texture indicates that an igneous rock had

Two different cooling rates

The term relative age refers to

Whether a feature is older or younger than another

Sedimentary rocks that are formed in horizontal layers are called

beds

Sedimentary rocks are unique in that they form

by processes that operate at or near the earths surface

A phaneritic texture can be best described as having

coarse texture

Solidified lava flows and volcanic ash deposits are examples of

extrusive igneous rocks

The principle of superposition can be used to determine the relative ages of all of these except

folded sedimentary rocks

The grain size of an igneous rock is determined by the

rate of cooling which controls the amount of time ions have to migrate to crystal seeds

Why is quartz one of the most abundant minerals

resistant to weathering and most common element