gerontology adoptive quiz
which physiologic changes of the musculoskeletal system are related to aging?(Select all that apply) slowed movement cartilage degeneration increased bone density increased rage of motion increased bone prominence
slowed movement cartilage degeneration increased bone prominence
An older client with the diagnosis of dementia, Alzheimer type, is admitted to a nursing home. The client is confused and forgetful, wanders, and has intermittent episodes of urinary incontinence. How should the nurse plan to meet this client's elimination needs? Multiple choice question By pointing out the behavior to the client By obtaining incontinence pads for the client By taking the client to the bathroom at regular intervals By encouraging the client to call for help when there is an urge to urinate
By taking the client to the bathroom at regular intervals
A nurse finds that an older adult has reduced consciousness and fatigue and imagines something that is unreal. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the client? Multiple choice question Delirium Dementia Depression Alzheimer's disease
Delirium
A client who retired a year ago tells the nurse in the community health center, "I don't have any hobbies or interests, and since I retired I feel useless and unneeded." According to Erikson's developmental theory, with which developmental conflict is the client faced? Multiple choice question Initiative versus guilt Integrity versus despair Intimacy versus isolation Identity versus role confusion
Integrity versus despair
After assessing a client's condition, the nurse suspects that the client has diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client would be most appropriate in helping the nurse reach this conclusion? Multiple selection question "I am 55 years old." "I quite often feel thirsty." "I eat food every 2 hours." "I have excessive sweating." "I sometimes experience shortness of breath."
"I am 55 years old." "I quite often feel thirsty." "I eat food every 2 hours." rationale: Clients with diabetes mellitus may feel excessive thirst due to frequent urination and may also experience excessive hunger. Excessive sweating and respiratory disorders are mostly observed in clients with hyperthyroidism.
Which reason should the nurse request that the healthcare provider increase the intravenous fluid infusion for an older client with an infection? Multiple choice question Pruritus Erythema Acute confusion General malaise
Acute confusion
An older adult client who is receiving chemotherapy for cancer has severe nausea and vomiting and becomes dehydrated. The client is admitted to the hospital for rehydration therapy. Which nursing actions have specific gerontologic implications the nurse must consider? Multiple selection question Assessment of skin turgor Documentation of vital signs Assessment of intake and output Administration of antiemetic drugs Replacement of fluid and electrolytes
Assessment of skin turgor Assessment of intake and output Administration of antiemetic drugs
The nurse reviews the medical records of four male clients. Which client will the nurse assess most closely for developing prostate cancer? Multiple choice question Black 55-year-old White 45-year-old Asian 55-year-old Hispanic 45-year-old
Black 55-year-old
How should a nurse at an assisted living facility encourage a client to effectively complete the tasks of older adulthood? Multiple choice question By redefining the resident's role in society By investing the resident's energies into nurturing others By trying to complete missed opportunities with significant others By fostering a sense of contentment when the client looks back on past achievements
By fostering a sense of contentment when the client looks back on past achievements
An older client with macular degeneration comes to the eye clinic. Which response reported by the client does the nurse identify as consistent with the diagnosis? Multiple choice question Sees best in dim light Sees halos around lights Cannot see objects in the periphery Cannot see objects in the center of the visual field
Cannot see objects in the center of the visual field rationale: The macula is the central vision area of the retina; therefore, macular degeneration affects central vision and makes it difficult to see objects within direct, central vision.
What important points should the nurse keep in mind when caring for an older adult to promote health? Multiple selection question Focus on achieving the highest level of health and absence of disease Encourage regular physical activity and the use of stress-management strategies Encourage the client to accept help for carrying out activities of daily living (ADLs) Consider the client's social environment and strengthen social support to promote health Assess the client for fear of falling and provide support by making environmental changes
Encourage regular physical activity and the use of stress-management strategies Consider the client's social environment and strengthen social support to promote health Assess the client for fear of falling and provide support by making environmental changes
When assisting an older adult (ages 65 to 75 years) in successfully completing Erikson's task of this stage, the nurse should help the client with what task? Multiple choice question Investing creative energies in promoting social welfare Redefining a role in society that offers something of value Look to recapturing those opportunities that were not experienced Feeling a sense of satisfaction when reflecting on past achievements
Feeling a sense of satisfaction when reflecting on past achievements
An 85-year-old client is alert and able to participate in care. The nurse understands that, according to Erikson, a person's adjustment to the period of senescence will depend largely on adjustment to which developmental stage? Multiple choice question Industry versus inferiority Identity versus role confusion Generativity versus stagnation Autonomy versus shame/doubt
Generativity versus stagnation
Which gerontologic assessment findings of the auditory system are related to the inner ear? Multiple selection question Hair cell degeneration Reduced blood supply to the cochlea Atrophic changes of the tympanic membrane Decline in the ability to filter out unwanted sounds Less effective vestibular apparatus in the semicircular canals
Hair cell degeneration Reduced blood supply to the cochlea Less effective vestibular apparatus in the semicircular canals
During a home visit to an older adult, the nurse observes a change in behavior and suspects delirium. The nurse assesses the client for one of several conditions that may have precipitated the delirium. Multiple selection question Infection Dementia Dehydration Urine retention
Infection Dehydration Urine retention
1.A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which information about this condition is important for the nurse to consider when caring for this client? Multiple choice question It is a congenital abnormality. A malignancy usually results. It predisposes to hydronephrosis. Prostate-specific antigen decreases.
It predisposes to hydronephrosis.
A nurse is caring for depressed older adults. What precipitating factors for depression are most common in the older adult without cognitive problems? Multiple selection question Dementia Multiple losses Declines in health A milestone birthday An injury requiring hospitalization
Multiple losses Declines in health
The nurse is teaching an elderly client isometric exercises. Which physiologic condition does the client have? Multiple choice question Kyphosis Muscle atrophy Decreased bone density Decreased range of motion (ROM)
Muscle atrophy
When teaching about aging, the nurse explains that older adults usually have what characteristic? Multiple choice question Inflexible attitudes Periods of confusion Slower reaction times Some senile dementia
Slower reaction times
A 65-year old client is found to have dilatation of the bronchioles and alveolar ducts. Which suggestions of the nurse would help the client overcome this situation? Multiple selection question Suggest the use of incentive spirometry. Suggest that the client takes an adequate amount of calcium daily. Suggest that the client perform vigorous pulmonary hygiene activities. Suggest that the client maintain an upright position as much as possible. Suggest that the client talk face-to face with others as much as possible.
Suggest the use of incentive spirometry. Suggest that the client perform vigorous pulmonary hygiene activities. Suggest that the client maintain an upright position as much as possible.
A public health nurse is conducting an initial visit to an older depressed client who lives alone and performs all tasks of daily living. What is the nurse's most significant intervention at this time? Multiple choice question Supporting the client's usual routine Assisting the client in setting new goals Assisting the client in focusing on the future Arranging for the client to have help in the home
Supporting the client's usual routine
During a follow-up office visit, an older client who has been undergoing treatment for the last 5 months for osteomyelitis notes perianal itching and diarrhea. Which other finding does the nurse correlate with this information? Multiple choice question Whitish-yellow lesions in the oral cavity Presence of glucose and ketones in urine Flexion contracture of the lower extremities Overgrowth of genital wart-like lesions
Whitish-yellow lesions in the oral cavity rationale: Whitish-yellow lesions in the oral cavity is correlated to the perianal itching and diarrhea. The antibiotics that are effective against osteomyelitis may be used for as long as 6 months.
The registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about providing care to an older adult with dementia. Which statement made by the nursing student indicates a need for further education? Multiple choice question "I should serve food that is easy to eat." "I should assist the client with eating." "I should monitor weight and food intake once in a month."
"I should monitor weight and food intake once in a month."
A 52-year-old client reports fatigue and decreased strength in the limbs. Which suggestion given to the client will be most beneficial? Multiple choice question "Include protein-rich food in your diet." "Drink two cups of milk daily." "Perform push-ups in the morning." "Give warm compresses to the limbs."
"Perform push-ups in the morning." rationale: Decreased muscle strength occurs with aging. This can be resolved by performing isometric exercises. Therefore suggesting the client perform push-ups in the morning would be most beneficial
The nurse is caring for an elderly client who has kyphotic posture with a widened gait. Which nursing interventions help reduce the severity of the client's condition? Multiple selection question Teaching isometric exercises Teaching safety tips to prevent falls Teaching proper body mechanics Preventing pressure on bony prominences Instructing the client to sit in supportive chairs with arms
Teaching proper body mechanics Instructing the client to sit in supportive chairs with arms
the home healthcare nurse visits an elderly couple living independently the wife cares for the husband who has dementia. which interventions should the nurse implement foe them?(Select all that apply) Assess the wife for caregiver burden arrange hospice care for the husband make healthcare decisions for the couple assess the husband for signs of physical abuse identify social support within the community
arrange hospice care for the husband assess the husband for signs of physical abuse identify social support within the community
The nurse assesses an elderly client with a diagnosis of dehydration and recognizes which finding as an early sign of dehydration? Multiple choice question Sunken eyes Dry, flaky skin Change in mental status Decreased bowel sounds
Change in mental status
An older client is hospitalized with the diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer type. The son tearfully tells the nurse, "I should never have allowed my father to live alone like he wanted to do, but he hasn't been this bad! I'm to blame! He didn't even recognize me right off the bat." What response by the nurse is most therapeutic? Multiple choice question "I don't think that anybody can blame you. You did what he wanted. Your being here tells us that you care." "I realize that you're upset now. You can visit again when he is more responsive. I'm sure you'll see a change." "Why do you think your father's condition has deteriorated? His forgetfulness is temporary. You'll help if you don't cry." "This must be a difficult time for both of you. Please share some of your other observations with us—that will help us plan his care."
"This must be a difficult time for both of you. Please share some of your other observations with us—that will help us plan his care."
The nurse is caring for an 84-year-old man admitted with a diagnosis of severe Alzheimer dementia. In the admission assessment, the nurse notes that the client can no longer recognize familiar objects such as his glasses and toothbrush. What is the best term to describe this situation? Multiple choice question Apraxia Aphasia Agnosia Amnesia
Agnosia rationale: Agnosiais the term used to describe the loss of sensory ability to recognize familiar sounds and objects, as well as loved ones or even parts of the affected individual's body. Amnesia is the term for the impairment of memory both recent and remote. Aphasia is the term for the loss of language ability, which progresses with the disease. Apraxia is the term for the loss of purposeful movement in the absence of motor or sensory impairment.
A 93-year-old client in a nursing home has been eating less food during mealtimes. What is the priority nursing intervention? Multiple choice question Substitute a supplemental drink for the meal. Spoon-feed the client until the food is completely eaten. Allow the client a longer period of time to complete the meal. Arrange a consultation for the placement of a gastrostomy tube.
Allow the client a longer period of time to complete the meal.
