GG101 - Ch 1

The rock cycle is:

A concept proposing that rocks are naturally recycled.

Which of the following statements is most likely to be proven using the scientific method?

Bacteria cause tooth decay.

Geologic hazards

Cannot always be prevented but often can be avoided.

Common geologic hazards studied by geologists include:

Earthquakes Landslides Floods Volcanic eruptions Tsunamis

Geological time

Eons

3 rock types

Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

A hypothesis must be testable so that:

It can be objectively evaluated. You got it right Its accuracy can be independently assessed. Its viability to make accurate predictions can be appraised. This is correct answer It is possible to revise the hypothesis if it does not provide accurate predictions.

Hess's mechanism for moving plates was:

Mantle convection

Plates influence Earth's topography because

Mountain belts form where plates collide. Mid-ocean ridges develop at spreading centers. Trenches develop at subduction zones. Rift valleys mark sites of plate divergence.

Physical Geology is the study of:

The materials that compose Earth and the ways in which they are organized and distributed throughout the planet.

Pangaea is:

The name of an ancient supercontinent.

The process of seafloor spreading predicts that:

The oldest seafloor will be found at subduction zones. Seafloor moves like a conveyor belt from spreading centers toward subduction zones. There is high heat flow from Earth's interior into the crust at spreading centers. Continents shift locations because they are embedded in moving plates.

Mantle convection:

Was proposed by Hess as the driver of seafloor movement. Is the product of heat flow within Earth's interior. Is thought to resemble the action in a lava lamp. Causes rifting and seafloor movement between spreading centers and subduction zones.

Subduction occurs:

When one plate slides beneath another. When a plate is recycled into Earth's interior. When a plate enters the mantle at a deep sea trench. When seafloor is recycled beneath an overriding plate.

We emphasize learning the most important ideas of geology in this text is because:

Your knowledge of geology can guide your decision making throughout your life. An understanding of Earth can help you make good decisions in the voting booth. Geology is important in our daily lives.