GI Health ALT. NCLEX questions

A patient after a stroke who primarily uses a wheelchair for mobility has developed diarrhea with fecal incontinence. What is a priority assessment by the nurse? 1. Fecal impaction 2. Perineal hygiene 3. Dietary fiber intake 4. Antidiarrheal agent use

1. Fecal impaction

The nurse identifies which weight category as reflective of a client's body mass index (BMI) of 25.5 kg/m2? 1 Obese 2 Normal 3 Overweight 4 Underweight

3 Overweight A BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2 places the client in the overweight category. A BMI of 30 kg/m2 is considered obese. A normal BMI is between 18.5 kg/m2 and 24.9 kg/m2. A BMI below 18.5 kg/m2 is considered underweight.

The nurse is assisting a client with Crohn's disease to ambulate to the bathroom. After the client has a bowel movement, the nurse should assess the stool for which characteristic that is expected with this disease? 1. Blood in the stool 2. Chalky gray stool 3. Loose, watery stool 4. Dry, hard, constipated stool

3. Loose, watery stool Crohn's disease is characterized by nonbloody diarrhea of usually not more than 4 or 5 stools daily. Over time, the episodes of diarrhea increase in frequency, duration, and severity. Options 1, 2, and 4 are not characteristics of the stool in Crohn's disease.

The nurse is caring for a client who underwent surgical resection of an oral cancerous tumor. Which client problem is of highest priority to guide care? 1 Maintain airway. 2 Monitor vital signs. 3 Administer intravenous (IV) fluids. 4 Empty surgical drains.

1 Maintain airway.

The nurse reviews the medical record of a client that is scheduled for a liver biopsy. The nurse recalls that which assessment finding will be a cause for the procedure to be postponed? 1 Signs of bruising 2 Visible hyperactivity 3 Lethargy on the morning of the test 4 Foods high in phytonadione consumed on the day before the test

1 Signs of bruising

The stable patient has a gastrostomy tube for enteral nutrition. Which care could the RN delegate to the LPN/VN? (Select all that apply.) 1. Administer bolus or continuous feedings. 2. Evaluate the nutritional status of the patient. 3. Administer medications through the gastrostomy tube. 4. Monitor for complications related to receiving enteral nutrition. 5. Teach the caregiver about feeding via the gastrostomy tube at hom

1. Administer bolus or continuous feedings. 3. Administer medications through the gastrostomy tube.

The nurse is caring for a patient after bariatric surgery. What should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) 1. Assist with early ambulation as needed. 2. Teach the patient to consume liquids with meals. 3. Maintain elevation of the head of bed at 45 degrees. 4. Monitor for vomiting as it is a common complication. 5. Provide a diet high in carbohydrate and fat intake. 6. Assess for incisional pain versus an anastomosis leak.

1. Assist with early ambulation as needed. 3. Maintain elevation of the head of bed at 45 degrees. 4. Monitor for vomiting as it is a common complication. 6. Assess for incisional pain versus an anastomosis leak

The nurse inspects the color of the drainage from a nasogastric tube on a postoperative client approximately 24 hours after gastric surgery. Which finding indicates the need to notify the health care provider (HCP)? 1. Dark red drainage 2. Dark brown drainage 3. Green-tinged drainage 4. Light yellowish-brown drainage

1. Dark red drainage For the first 12 hours after gastric surgery, the nasogastric tube drainage may be dark brown to dark red. Later, the drainage should change to a light yellowish-brown color. The presence of bile may cause a green tinge. The HCP should be notified if dark red drainage, a sign of hemorrhage, is noted 24 hours postoperatively.

A patient is admitted with anorexia nervosa and a serum potassium level of 2.4 mEq/L. What complication is most important for the nurse to observe for in this patient? 1. Dysrhythmias 2. Muscle weakness 3. Increased urine output 4. Anemia and leukopenia

1. Dysrhythmias

The patient has parenteral nutrition (PN) infusing with amino acids and dextrose. During shift change, the nurse reports the tubing, bag, and dressing were changed 20 hours ago. What care should the incoming nurse plan to deliver? (Select all that apply.) 1. Giving the patient insulin if needed 2. Ensuring that the next bag has been ordered 3. Checking amount of solution left in the bag 4. Assessing the insertion site and change the tubing 5. Verifying the accuracy of the new solution and ingredients

1. Giving the patient insulin if needed 2. Ensuring that the next bag has been ordered 3. Checking amount of solution left in the bag 4. Assessing the insertion site and change the tubing 5. Verifying the accuracy of the new solution and ingredients

A client with hiatal hernia chronically experiences heartburn following meals. The nurse should plan to teach the client to avoid which action because it is contraindicated with a hiatal hernia? 1. Lying recumbent following meals 2. Consuming small, frequent, bland meals 3. Taking H2-receptor antagonist medication 4. Raising the head of the bed on 6 inch (15 cm) blocks

1. Lying recumbent following meals Hiatal hernia is caused by a protrusion of a portion of the stomach above the diaphragm where the esophagus usually is positioned. The client usually experiences pain from reflux caused by ingestion of irritating foods, lying flat following meals or at night, and eating large or fatty meals. Relief is obtained with the intake of small, frequent, and bland meals; use of H2-receptor antagonists and antacids; and elevation of the thorax following meals and during sleep.

The nurse is monitoring a client admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of appendicitis who is scheduled for surgery in 2 hours. The client begins to complain of increased abdominal pain and begins to vomit. On assessment, the nurse notes that the abdomen is distended and bowel sounds are diminished. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention? 1. Notify the HCP 2. Administer the prescribed pain medication 3. Call and ask the OR team to perform surgery ASAP 4. Reposition the client and apply a heating pad on the warm setting to the client's abdomen

1. Notify the HCP

A 50-yr-old black woman has a body mass index (BMI) of 35 kg/m2, type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). She is seeking assistance in losing weight because, "I have trouble stopping eating when I should, but I do not want to have bariatric surgery." Which drug therapy should the nurse question if it is prescribed for this patient? 1. Orlistat (Xenical) 2. Lorcaserin (Belviq) 3. Phentermine (Adipex-P) 4. Phentermine and topiramate (Qsymia)

1. Orlistat (Xenical)

The nurse is caring for a patient who reports abdominal pain and hematemesis. Which new assessment finding(s) would indicate the patient's condition is declining? 1. Pallor and diaphoresis 2. Reddened peripheral IV site 3. Guaiac-positive diarrhea stools 4. Heart rate 90, respiratory rate 20, BP 110/60

1. Pallor and diaphoresis

A patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain and a rigid, boardlike abdomen. The health care provider suspects a perforated ulcer. Which interventions should the nurse anticipate? 1. Providing IV fluids and inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube 2. Administering oral bicarbonate and testing the patient's gastric pH level 3. Performing a fecal occult blood test and administering IV calcium gluconate 4. Starting parenteral nutrition and placing the patient in a high Fowler's position

1. Providing IV fluids and inserting a nasogastric (NG) tube

A client had a new colostomy created 2 days earlier and is beginning to pass malodorous flatus from the stoma. What is the correct interpretation by the nurse? 1. This is a normal, expected event 2. The client is experiencing early signs of ischemic bowel 3. The client should not have the nasogastric tube removed 4. This indicates inadequate preoperative bowel preparation

1. This is a normal, expected event

A patient reporting nausea receives a dose of metoclopramide. Which potential adverse effect should the nurse tell the patient to report? 1. Tremors 2. Constipation 3. Double vision 4. Numbness in fingers and toes

1. Tremors

When caring for a patient with a biliary obstruction, the nurse will anticipate administering which vitamin supplements? (Select all that apply.) 1. Vitamin A 2. Vitamin B 3. Vitamin D 4. Vitamin E 5. Vitamin K

1. Vitamin A 3. Vitamin D 4. Vitamin E 5. Vitamin K

A patient with oral cancer is not eating. A small-bore feeding tube was inserted, and the patient started on enteral feedings. Which patient goal would best indicate improvement? 1. Weight gain of 1 kg in 1 week 2. Tolerated the tube feeding without nausea 3. Consumed 50% of clear liquid tray this shift 4. The feeding tube remained in proper placement

1. Weight gain of 1 kg in 1 week

An older adult patient reports difficulty swallowing. Which age-related change does the nurse teach the patient about? 1. Xerostomia 2. Esophageal cancer 3. Decreased taste buds 4. Thinner abdominal wall

1. Xerostomia

The nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis and is monitoring the client for paralytic ileus. Which assessment data should alert the nurse to this occurrence? 1.Inability to pass flatus 2.Loss of anal sphincter control 3.Severe, constant pain with rapid onset 4.Firm, nontender mass palpable at the lower right costal margin

1.Inability to pass flatus

A patient is given a bisacodyl suppository and asks the nurse how long it will take to work. What is the best response by the nurse? 2 to 5 minutes 15 to 60 minutes 2 to 4 hours 6 to 8 hours

15 to 60 minutes

When providing anticipatory teaching for a client scheduled for gastric bypass to treat morbid obesity, which statement indicates the client understands how to prevent dumping syndrome? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 "I will eat a bland diet that excludes taste." 2 "I will not drink fluids when I eat meals." 3 "I will avoid artificially sweetened foods." 4 "I will eat a low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet." 5 "I will eat small, frequent meals instead of 3 large meals a day."

2 "I will not drink fluids when I eat meals." 3 "I will avoid artificially sweetened foods." 5 "I will eat small, frequent meals instead of 3 large meals a day."

A client is admitted to the hospital with slight jaundice and reports of pain on the left side and back. A diagnosis of acute pancreatitis is made. Which common response to acute pancreatitis would the nurse monitor in the client? 1 Crackles 2 Hypovolemia 3 Gastric reflux 4 Jugular vein distention

2 Hypovolemia

The nurse cares for a patient after bariatric surgery. The nurse determines that discharge teaching related to diet is successful if the patient makes which statement? 1. "Fluid intake should be at least 2000 mL/day with meals to avoid dehydration." 2. "A high-protein diet that is low in carbohydrates and fat will prevent diarrhea." 3. "Food should be high in fiber to prevent constipation from the pain medication." 4. "Three meals a day with no snacks between meals will provide optimal nutrition."

2. "A high-protein diet that is low in carbohydrates and fat will prevent diarrhea."

The primary health care provider has determined that a client has contracted hepatitis A based on flu-like symptoms and jaundice. Which statement made by the client supports this medical diagnosis? 1. "I have had unprotected sex with multiple partners." 2. "I ate shellfish about 2 weeks ago at a local restaurant." 3. "I was an intravenous drug abuser in the past and shared needles." 4. "I had a blood transfusion 30 years ago after major abdominal surgery."

2. "I ate shellfish about 2 weeks ago at a local restaurant." Hepatitis A is transmitted by the fecal-oral route via contaminated water or food (improperly cooked shellfish), or infected food handlers. Hepatitis B, C, and D are transmitted most commonly via infected blood or body fluids, such as in the cases of intravenous drug abuse, history of blood transfusion, or unprotected sex with multiple partners.

A patient is scheduled for a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography to restore biliary drainage. The nurse discusses the patient's health history and is most concerned if the patient makes which statement? 1. "I am allergic to bee stings." 2. "My tongue swells when I eat shrimp." 3. "I have had epigastric pain for 2 months." 4. "I have a pacemaker because my heart rate was slow."

2. "My tongue swells when I eat shrimp." The percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography procedure will include the use of radiopaque contrast medium. Patients allergic to shellfish and iodine are also allergic to contrast medium.

A patient with suspected bowel obstruction had a nasogastric tube inserted at 4:00 AM. The nurse shares in the morning report that the day shift staff should check the tube for patency at what times? 1. 7:00 AM, 10:00 AM, and 1:00 PM 2. 8:00 AM, 12:00 PM, and 4:00 PM 3. 9:00 AM and 3:00 PM 4. 9:00 AM, 12:00 PM, and 3:00 PM

2. 8:00 AM, 12:00 PM, and 4:00 PM

Inspection of an older patient's mouth reveals the presence of white, curd-like lesions on the patient's tongue. What does the nurse recognize is the most likely reason for this abnormal assessment finding? 1. Herpesvirus 2. Candida albicans 3. Vitamin deficiency 4. Irritation from ill-fitting dentures

2. Candida albicans White, curd-like lesions surrounded by erythematous mucosa are associated with oral candidiasis. Herpesvirus causes benign vesicular lesions in the mouth. Vitamin deficiencies may cause a reddened, ulcerated, swollen tongue. Irritation from ill-fitting dentures will cause friable, edematous, painful, bleeding gingivae.

The patient with right upper quadrant abdominal pain has an abdominal ultrasound that reveals cholelithiasis. What is the nurse's priority? 1. Prevent all oral intake. 2. Control abdominal pain. 3. Provide enteral feedings. 4. Avoid dietary cholesterol.

2. Control abdominal pain.

The nurse should recognize that the liver performs which functions? (Select all that apply.) 1. Bile storage 2. Detoxification 3. Protein metabolism 4. Steroid metabolism 5. Red blood cell (RBC) production

2. Detoxification 3. Protein metabolism 4. Steroid metabolism

The nurse is assessing a client 24 hours following a cholecystectomy. The nurse notes that the T-tube has drained 750ml of green-brown drainage. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate? 1. Notify the physician 2. Document the findings 3. Irrigate the T-tube 4. Clamp the T-tube

2. Document the findings

After administering a dose of promethazine to a patient with nausea and vomiting, what medication side effect does the nurse explain is common and expected? 1. Tinnitus 2. Drowsiness 3. Reduced hearing 4. Sensation of falling

2. Drowsiness

The nurse is caring for a patient being treated with IV fluid therapy for severe vomiting. As the patient recovers and begins to tolerate oral intake, which food choice would be most appropriate? 1. Iced tea 2. Dry toast 3. Hot coffee 4. Plain yogurt

2. Dry toast

Which priority focused assessments would the nurse perform when caring for a patient recently started on parenteral nutrition (PN)? 1. Skin integrity and skin turgor 2. Electrolyte levels and daily weights 3. Auscultation of lung and bowel sounds 4. Peripheral edema and level of consciousness

2. Electrolyte levels and daily weights

A patient is seeking emergency care after choking on a piece of steak. The nursing assessment reveals a history of alcohol use, cigarette smoking, and hemoptysis. Which diagnostic study is most likely to be performed on this patient? 1. Barium swallow 2. Endoscopic biopsy 3. Capsule endoscopy 4. Endoscopic ultrasonography

2. Endoscopic biopsy

Which patient has the greatest morbidity risk? 1. Male 6 ft, 1 in tall; BMI 29 kg/m2 2. Female 5 ft, 6 in tall; weight 150 lbs 3. Male with waist circumference 46 in 4. Female 5 ft, 10 in tall; obesity class III

2. Female 5 ft, 6 in tall; weight 150 lbs

The patient with a history of irritable bowel disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is admitted with a diagnosis of diverticulitis and has received a dose of Mylanta 30 mL PO. The nurse will determine the medication was effective when which symptom has been resolved? 1. Diarrhea 2. Heartburn 3. Constipation 4. Lower abdominal pain

2. Heartburn

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute pancreatitis resulting from gallstones. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) 1. Hematochezia 2. Nausea and vomiting 3. Hyperactive bowel sounds 4. Left upper abdominal pain 5. Ascites and peripheral edema 6. Temperature 99.3° F (37.4° C)

2. Nausea and vomiting 4. Left upper abdominal pain 6. Temperature 99.3° F (37.4° C) Abdominal pain (usually in the left upper quadrant) is the predominant manifestation of acute pancreatitis. Other manifestations include nausea and vomiting, low-grade fever, leukocytosis, hypotension, tachycardia, and jaundice. Abdominal tenderness with muscle guarding is common. Bowel sounds may be decreased or absent. Ileus may occur and causes marked abdominal distention. Areas of cyanosis or greenish to yellow-brown discoloration of the abdominal wall may occur. Other areas of ecchymoses are the flanks (Grey Turner's spots or sign, a bluish flank discoloration) and the periumbilical area (Cullen's sign, a bluish periumbilical discoloration).

The patient receiving chemotherapy rings the call bell and reports the onset of nausea. The nurse should prepare an as-needed dose of which medication? 1. Zolpidem 2. Ondansetron 3. Dexamethasone 4. Morphine sulfate

2. Ondansetron

A patient admitted with diabetes, malnutrition, osteomyelitis, and chronic alcohol use has a serum amylase level of 480 U/L and a serum lipase level of 610 U/L. Which diagnosis does the nurse expect? 1. Starvation 2. Pancreatitis 3. Systemic sepsis 4. Diabetic ketoacidosis

2. Pancreatitis

A patient was admitted with a fractured hip after being found on the floor of her home. She was extremely malnourished and started on parenteral nutrition (PN) 3 days ago. Which assessment finding would be of most concern to the nurse? 1. Blood glucose level of 145 mg/dL 2. Serum phosphate level of 1.9 mg/dL 3. White blood cell count of 10,000/µL 4. Serum potassium level of 4.6 mEq/L

2. Serum phosphate level of 1.9 mg/dL Refeeding syndrome can occur if a malnourished patient is started on aggressive nutritional support. Hypophosphatemia (serum phosphate level <2.4 mg/dL) is the hallmark of refeeding syndrome and could result in dysrhythmias, respiratory arrest, and neurologic problems. An increase in the blood glucose level is expected during the first few days after PN is started. The goal is to maintain a glucose range of 110 to 150 mg/dL. An elevated white blood cell count (>11,000/µL) could indicate an infection. Normal serum potassium levels are between 3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L.

The nurse is evaluating the nutritional status of a patient undergoing radiation treatment for oropharyngeal cancer. Which laboratory test would best indicate the patient has protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM)? 1. Serum transferrin 2. Serum prealbumin 3. C-reactive protein (CRP) 4. Alanine transaminase (ALT)

2. Serum prealbumin

The nurse is aware of potential complications related to cirrhosis. Which interventions would be included in a safe plan of care? (Select all that apply.) 1. Provide a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. 2. Tell the patient to use soft-bristle toothbrush and electric razor. 3. Teach the patient to avoid vigorous blowing of nose and coughing. 4. Apply gentle pressure for the shortest possible time after venipuncture. 5. Use the smallest gauge needle possible when giving injections or drawing blood. 6. Teach the patient to avoid aspirin and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory (NSAIDs).

2. Tell the patient to use soft-bristle toothbrush and electric razor. 3. Teach the patient to avoid vigorous blowing of nose and coughing. 5. Use the smallest gauge needle possible when giving injections or drawing blood. 6. Teach the patient to avoid aspirin and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory (NSAIDs).v

A patient is experiencing blockage of common bile duct. Which food selection by client indicates need for further teaching? 1. Rice 2. Whole milk 3. Broiled fish 4. Baked chicken

2. Whole milk

An older adult patient is seen in the primary care provider's office for a well check reports difficulty swallowing. What common effect of aging should the nurse assess for as a possible cause? 1. Anosmia 2. Xerostomia 3. Hypochlorhydria 4. Salivary gland tumor

2. Xerostomia Xerostomia (decreased saliva production), or dry mouth, affects many older adults and may be associated with difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). Anosmia is loss of sense of smell. Hypochlorhydria, a decrease in stomach acid, does not affect swallowing. Salivary gland tumors are not common.

A patient has a sliding hiatal hernia. What priority nursing intervention will reduce the symptoms of heartburn and dyspepsia? 1. Keeping the patient NPO 2. Putting the bed in the Trendelenburg position 3. Having the patient eat 4 to 6 smaller meals each day 4. Giving various antacids to determine which one works for the patient

3. Having the patient eat 4 to 6 smaller meals each day

In developing a weight reduction program with a 45-yr-old female patient who weighs 197 lbs, the nurse encourages the patient to set a weight loss goal of how many pounds in 4 weeks? 1 to 2 3 to 5 4 to 8 5 to 10

4 to 8

The patient with cirrhosis is being taught self-care. Which statement indicates the patient needs further teaching? 1. "A scrotal support may be more comfortable when I have scrotal edema." 2. "I need to take good care of my belly and ankle skin where it is swollen." 3. "I can use pillows to support my head to help me breathe when I am in bed." 4. "If I notice a fast heart rate or irregular beats, this is normal for cirrhosis."

4. "If I notice a fast heart rate or irregular beats, this is normal for cirrhosis."

The nurse is teaching a group of college students how to prevent food poisoning. Which comment shows an understanding of foodborne illness protection? 1. "To save refrigerator space, leftover food can be kept on the counter if it is in a sealed container." 2. "Eating raw cookie dough from the package is a great snack when you do not have time to bake." 3. "Since we only have one cutting board, we can cut up chicken and salad vegetables at the same time." 4. "When the cafeteria gave me a pink hamburger, I sent it back and asked for a new bun and clean plate."

4. "When the cafeteria gave me a pink hamburger, I sent it back and asked for a new bun and clean plate."

The nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of docusate sodium when the patient reports an episode of loose stool and does not want to take the medication. What is the appropriate action by the nurse? 1. Write an incident report about this untoward event. 2. Attempt to have the family convince the patient to take the ordered dose. 3. Withhold the medication at this time and try to administer it later in the day. 4. Chart the dose as not given on the medical record and explain in the nursing progress notes.

4. Chart the dose as not given on the medical record and explain in the nursing progress notes.

A client with a perforated gastric ulcer is scheduled for surgery. The client cannot sign the operative consent form because of sedation from opioid analgesics that have been administered. The nurse should take which most appropriate action in the care of this client? 1. Obtain a court order for surgery 2. Have the charge nurse sign the informed consent immediately 3. Send the client to surgery without consent form being signed 4. Obtain a telephone consent from a family member, following agency policy

4. Obtain a telephone consent from a family member, following agency policy

A patient who is unable to swallow because of progressive amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is prescribed enteral nutrition through a newly placed gastrostomy tube. Which task is appropriate for the nurse to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? 1. Irrigate the tube between feedings. 2. Provide wound care at the gastrostomy site. 3. Give prescribed liquid medications through the tube. 4. Position the patient with a 45-degree head of bed elevation.

4. Position the patient with a 45-degree head of bed elevation.

The nurse is performing a focused abdominal assessment of a patient who has been recently admitted. In order to palpate the patient's liver, where should the nurse palpate the patient's abdomen? 1. Left lower quadrant 2. Left upper quadrant 3. Right lower quadrant 4. Right upper quadrant

4. Right upper quadrant

A patient was admitted with epigastric pain because of a gastric ulcer. Which patient assessment warrants an urgent change in the nursing plan of care? 1. Back pain 3 or 4 hours after eating a meal 2. Chest pain relieved with eating or drinking water 3. Burning epigastric pain 90 minutes after breakfast 4. Rigid abdomen and vomiting following indigestion

4. Rigid abdomen and vomiting following indigestion

The nurse is preparing to administer a daily dose of docusate sodium to a patient that will continue taking it after discharge. What information should the nurse provide to the patient to optimize the outcome of the medication? 1. Take a dose of mineral oil at the same time. 2. Add extra salt to food on at least one meal tray. 3. Ensure a dietary intake of 10 g of fiber each day. 4. Take each dose with a full glass of water or other liquid.

4. Take each dose with a full glass of water or other liquid.

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient has the highest risk for developing pancreatic cancer? A 72-yr-old black man who has smoked cigarettes for 50 years A 19-yr-old patient who has a 5-year history of uncontrolled type 1 diabetes A 38-yr-old Hispanic woman who is obese and has hyperinsulinemia A 23-yr-old man who has cystic fibrosis-related pancreatic enzyme insufficiency

A 72-yr-old black man who has smoked cigarettes for 50 years

The nurse is caring for a woman recently diagnosed with viral hepatitis A. Which person should the nurse refer for an immunoglobulin (IG) injection? A friend who delivers meals to the patient and family each week. A relative with a history of hepatitis A who visits the patient daily. A child living in the home who received the hepatitis A vaccine 3 months ago. A caregiver with no history of hepatitis A antibodies who lives in the same household with the patient.

A caregiver with no history of hepatitis A antibodies who lives in the same household with the patient.

A patient with abdominal pain is being prepared for surgery to make an incision into the common bile duct to remove stones. What procedure will the nurse prepare the patient for? 1. Colectomy 2. Cholecystectomy 3. Choledocholithotomy 4. Choledochojejunostomy

Choledocholithotomy A choledocholithotomy is an opening into the common bile duct for the removal of stones. A colectomy is the removal of the colon. The cholecystectomy is the removal of the gallbladder. The choledochojejunostomy is an opening between the common bile duct and jejunum.

After an exploratory laparotomy, a patient on a clear liquid diet reports severe gas pains and abdominal distention. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? Return the patient to NPO status. Place cool compresses on the abdomen. Encourage the patient to ambulate as ordered. Administer an as-needed dose of IV morphine sulfate.

Encourage the patient to ambulate as ordered.

A patient is admitted to the emergency department after a motor vehicle crash with suspected abdominal trauma. What assessment finding by the nurse is of highest priority? Nausea and vomiting Hyperactive bowel sounds Firmly distended abdomen Abrasions on all extremities

Firmly distended abdomen

When planning care for a patient with cirrhosis, the nurse will give highest priority to which nursing diagnosis? Fluid imbalance Impaired tissue integrity Impaired nutritional status Ineffective breathing pattern

Ineffective breathing pattern

A hospitalized patient has just been diagnosed with diarrhea due to C. difficile. Which nursing interventions should be included in the patient's plan of care? (Select all that apply.) Initiate contact isolation precautions. Place the patient on a clear liquid diet. Teach any visitors to wear gloves and gowns. Disinfect the room with 10% bleach solution as needed. Use hand sanitizer before and after any bodily fluid contact.

Initiate contact isolation precautions. Teach any visitors to wear gloves and gowns. Disinfect the room with 10% bleach solution as needed.

A patient with sudden pain in the left upper quadrant radiating to the back and vomiting was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Which intervention should the nurse include in the patient's plan of care? Immediately start enteral feeding to prevent malnutrition. Insert an NG and maintain NPO status to allow pancreas to rest. Initiate early prophylactic antibiotic therapy to prevent infection. Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) every 4 hours for pain relief.

Insert an NG and maintain NPO status to allow pancreas to rest.

The nurse provides discharge instructions for a patient with ascites and peripheral edema related to cirrhosis. Which patient statement indicates teaching was effective? "Lactulose should be taken every day to prevent constipation." "It is safe to take acetaminophen up to four times a day for pain." "Herbs and other spices should be used to season my foods instead of salt." "I will eat foods high in potassium while taking spironolactone (Aldactone)."

"Herbs and other spices should be used to season my foods instead of salt."

At the first visit to the clinic, the female patient with a BMI of 29 kg/m2 tells the nurse that she does not want to become obese. Which question used for assessing weight issues would be most effective? "What factors contributed to your current body weight?" "How is your overall health affected by your body weight?" "What is your history of gaining weight and losing weight?" "In what ways are you interested in managing your weight differently?"

"In what ways are you interested in managing your weight differently?"

The nurse is preparing to administer a dose of bisacodyl to a patient with constipation and the patient asks how it will work. What is the best response by the nurse? "It will increase bulk in the stool." "It will lubricate the intestinal tract to soften feces." "It will increase fluid retention in the intestinal tract." "It will increase peristalsis by stimulating nerves in the colon wall."

"It will increase peristalsis by stimulating nerves in the colon wall."

The nurse is preparing to administer famotidine to a patient after a laparotomy. The patient states they do not have heartburn. What response by the nurse would be the most appropriate? "It will prevent air from accumulating in the stomach, causing gas pains." "It will reduce the amount of acid in the stomach while you are not eating." "It will prevent the heartburn that occurs as a side effect of general anesthesia." "The stress of surgery is likely to cause stomach bleeding if you do not receive it."

"It will reduce the amount of acid in the stomach while you are not eating."

The nurse teaches an obese 22-yr-old man with a sedentary job about the health benefits of an exercise program. The nurse evaluates that teaching is effective when the patient makes which statement? "The goal is to walk at least 10,000 steps every day of the week." "Weekend aerobics for 2 hours is better than exercising every day." "Aerobic exercise will increase my appetite and result in weight gain." "Exercise causes weight loss by decreasing my resting metabolic rate."

"The goal is to walk at least 10,000 steps every day of the week."

A patient with morbid obesity has elected to have the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure. The nurse will know the patient understands the preoperative teaching when the patient makes which statement? "This surgery will preserve the function of my stomach." "This surgery will remove the fat cells from my abdomen." "This surgery can be modified whenever I need it to be changed." "This surgery decreases how much I can eat and how many calories I can absorb."

"This surgery decreases how much I can eat and how many calories I can absorb."

The nurse is teaching a group of adults about the signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer. Which common clinical manifestations would the nurse include in the teaching program? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Anemia 2 Rectal pain 3 Rectal bleeding 4 Change in bowel habits 5 Severe abdominal distention

1 Anemia 3 Rectal bleeding 4 Change in bowel habits

When assessing a client's abdomen, the nurse palpates directly above the umbilicus. This location is known as which area? 1 Iliac area 2 Epigastric area 3 Hypogastric area 4 Suprasternal area

2 Epigastric area

A client with colon cancer had surgery for resection of the tumor and creation of a colostomy. During the 6-week postoperative checkup, the nurse teaches the client about nutrition. Which response by the client indicates learning has taken place? 1 "I should follow a diet that is rich in protein." 2 "I should follow a diet that is low in sodium content." 3 "I should follow a diet that is as close to normal as possible." 4 "I should follow a diet that is higher in calories than before."

3 "I should follow a diet that is as close to normal as possible."

The nurse is caring for a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and provides client education on measures to decrease GERD. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further teaching? 1. " I plan to eat 4 to 6 small meals a day." 2. " I should sleep in the right side-lying position." 3. "I plan to have a snack 1 hour before going to bed." 4. "I will stop having a glass of wine each evening with dinner."

3. "I plan to have a snack 1 hour before going to bed." uThe control of GERD involves lifestyle changes to promote health and control reflux. These include eating 4 to 6 small meals a day; avoiding alcohol and smoking; sleeping in the right side-lying position to promote oxygenation and frequent swallowing to clear the esophagus; and avoiding eating at least 3 hours before going to bed because reflux episodes are most damaging at night.

After receiving a dose of metoclopramide, which patient assessment finding would indicate the medication was effective? 1. Decreased blood pressure 2. Absence of muscle tremors 3. Relief of nausea and vomiting 4. No further episodes of diarrhea

3. Relief of nausea and vomiting

A client who is hospitalized with severe abdominal pain and vomiting states, "I know I am very sick. Do you think I have cancer?" How would the nurse respond? 1 "You must be upset to think that you have cancer." 2 "Did you receive information about which therapy will be prescribed?" 3 "Your primary health care provider will need to talk with you about that." 4 "What are your feelings about the diagnosis of cancer?"

4 "What are your feelings about the diagnosis of cancer?"

The nurse is caring for a client with a resolved intestinal obstruction who has a nasogastric tube in place. The primary health care provider has now prescribed that the nasogastric tube be removed. What is the priority nursing assessment prior to removing the tube? 1. Checking for normal serum electrolyte levels 2. Checking for normal pH of the gastric aspirate 3. Checking for proper nasogastric tube placement 4. Checking for the presence of bowel sounds in all 4 quadrants

4. Checking for the presence of bowel sounds in all 4 quadrants

A patient with cholelithiasis is being prepared for surgery. Which patient assessment represents a contraindication for a cholecystectomy? Low-grade fever of 100° F and dehydration Abscess in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen Multiple obstructions in the cystic and common bile duct Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 54 seconds

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of 54 seconds

The nurse is caring for a patient with ulcerative colitis. Which finding is determined to be consistent with this diagnosis?

Decreased Hemoglobin

Which clinical manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease are common to both patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease? (Select all that apply) 1. Restricted to rectum 2. Strictures are common 3. Bloody, diarrhea stools 4. Cramping abdominal pain 5. Lesions penetrate intestine

3. Bloody, diarrhea stools 4. Cramping abdominal pain

A client with Crohn's disease is scheduled to receive an infusion of infliximab (Remicade). What intervention by the nurse will determine the effectiveness of treatment? a) Monitoring the leukocyte count for 2 days after the infusion b) Checking the frequency and consistency of bowel movements c) Checking serum liver enzyme levels before and after the infusion d) Carrying out a Hematest on gastric fluids after the infusion is completed

b) Checking the frequency and consistency of bowel movements

A primary health care provider prescribes three stool specimens for occult blood for a client who reports blood-streaked stools and a 10-pound (4.5 kg) weight loss in 1 month. To ensure valid test results, which instruction would the nurse give to the client? 1 Avoid eating red meat before testing. 2 Test the specimen while it is still warm. 3 Discard the day's first stool and use the next three stools. 4 Take three specimens from different sections of the fecal sample.

1 Avoid eating red meat before testing.

A client experiencing chronic dumping syndrome makes the following comments to the nurse. Which one indicates the need for further teaching? 1. " I eat at least 3 large meals each day." 2. "I eat while lying in a semi recumbent position." 3. "I have eliminated taking liquids with my meals." 4. "I eat a high-protein, low-to-moderate-carbohydrate diet."

1. "I eat at least 3 large meals each day." Dumping syndrome describes a group of symptoms that occur after eating. It is believed to result from rapid dumping of gastric contents into the small intestine, which causes fluid to shift into the intestine. Signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome include diarrhea, abdominal distention, sweating, pallor, palpitations, and syncope. To manage this syndrome, clients are encouraged to decrease the amount of food taken at each sitting, eat in a semirecumbent position, eliminate ingesting fluids with meals, and avoid consumption of high-carbohydrate meals.

The nurse has completed initial instruction with a patient regarding a weight loss program. The nurse determines that the teaching has been effective when the patient makes which statement? 1. "I will keep a diary of weekly weights to track my weight loss." 2. "I plan to lose 4 pounds a week until I reach my 60-pound goal." 3. "I will restrict my carbohydrate intake to less than 30 g/day to maximize weight loss." 4. "I will not exercise more than my program requires because the activity increases the appetite."

1. "I will keep a diary of weekly weights to track my weight loss."

The nurse is caring for a patient who is 5 ft, 5 in tall and weighs 186 lb. The nurse has discussed reasonable weight loss goals and a low-calorie diet with the patient. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? 1. "I will limit intake to 500 calories a day." 2. "I will try to eat very slowly during mealtimes." 3. "I'll try to pick foods from all of the basic food groups." 4. "It's important for me to begin a regular exercise program."

1. "I will limit intake to 500 calories a day."

The results of a patient's recent endoscopy indicate the presence of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which teaching point should the nurse provide to the patient based on this new diagnosis? 1. "It would be beneficial for you to stop drinking alcohol." 2. "You'll need to drink at least 2 to 3 glasses of milk daily." 3. "Many people find that a minced or pureed diet eases their symptoms of PUD." 4. "You can keep your present diet and minimize symptoms by taking medication."

1. "It would be beneficial for you to stop drinking alcohol."

A dehydrated older adult is admitted to the hospital from a nursing home. The transfer form documents a history of liquid fecal incontinence. Which diagnostic intervention by the health care provider promotes identification of the cause of this incontinence? 1 Abdominal percussion 2Digital rectal examination 3 Urine culture and sensitivity test 4 Pelvic and abdominal ultrasound

2 Digital rectal examination Fecal impaction is the primary cause of liquid fecal incontinence. A digital rectal examination will determine the presence of a fecal impaction, rectal sensation, and tone; in men, the examination determines the size, shape, and consistency of the prostate gland. Abdominal percussion will not assist in the diagnosis of impaction. Urine culture and sensitivity test will identify urinary tract infection; urinary, not fecal, incontinence is associated with urinary tract infection. Complete pelvic and abdominal ultrasound if earlier, less invasive and costly assessments are inconclusive and additional evaluations are required.

Which is the priority intervention for a dependent client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) who is vomiting bright red blood? 1 Apply oxygen. 2 Place the client in a side-lying position. 3 Prepare to administer packed red blood cells. 4 Assess the client's pulse and blood pressure.

2 Place the client in a side-lying position.

Which pain-related clinical manifestation would the nurse expect in a client who had received a diagnosis of a peptic ulcer? 1 The pain intensifies after vomiting stomach contents. 2 The pain occurs 1 to 2 hours after having a meal. 3 The pain increases when ingesting an excess of fatty foods. 4 The pain begins in the epigastrium and radiates to the abdomen.

2 The pain occurs 1 to 2 hours after having a meal.

A patient who has sustained severe burns in a motor vehicle accident is starting parenteral nutrition (PN). Which principle should guide the nurse's administration of PN? 1. Administration of PN requires clean technique. 2. Central PN requires rapid dilution in a large volume of blood. 3. Peripheral PN delivery is preferred over the use of a central line. 4. Only water-soluble medications may be added to the PN by the nurse.

2. Central PN requires rapid dilution in a large volume of blood.

When admitting an older client, the stool specimen confirmed a diagnosis of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. The nurse inquires about potentially assigning Room 2010, Bed B, the same isolation room as another client (2010, Bed A) who has MRSA. Which response would the nurse receive? 1 "The other client's infection is not contagious." 2 "This is the usual practice when antibiotic therapy is started." 3 "Placing clients with the same infection in 1 room is safe." 4 "As soon as a private room becomes available, we will move the client."

3 "Placing clients with the same infection in 1 room is safe."

When preparing a client for a liver biopsy, which instruction would the nurse provide to the client? 1 Turn onto the left side after the procedure. 2 Breathe normally throughout the procedure. 3 Hold the breath at the moment of the actual biopsy. 4 Bear down during the insertion of the biopsy needle

3 Hold the breath at the moment of the actual biopsy.

After numerous diagnostic tests, a client with jaundice receives the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Which rational explains the cause of the client's jaundice? 1 Necrosis of the parenchyma caused by the neoplasm 2 Excessive serum bilirubin caused by red blood cell destruction 3 Obstruction of the common bile duct by the pancreatic neoplasm 4 Impaired liver function, resulting in incomplete bilirubin metabolism

3 Obstruction of the common bile duct by the pancreatic neoplasm The common bile duct passes through the head of the pancreas; the neoplasm often constricts or obstructs the duct, causing jaundice. Necrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma caused by the neoplasm will not cause jaundice. Excessive serum bilirubin caused by red blood cell destruction is the prehepatic cause of jaundice. Impaired liver function, resulting in incomplete bilirubin metabolism, is a hepatic cause of jaundice.

The nurse teaches a patient about cholestyramine to reduce pruritus caused by gallbladder disease. Which statement indicates understanding of the instructions? 1. "This medication will help me digest fats and fat-soluble vitamins." 2. "I will apply the medicated lotion sparingly to the areas where I itch." 3. "The medication is a powder and needs to be mixed with milk or juice." 4. "I should take this medication on an empty stomach at the same time each day."

3. "The medication is a powder and needs to be mixed with milk or juice."

After a cholecystectomy to remove a cancerous gallbladder, a client has a T-tube in place. The T-tube drains 300 mL of bile-colored fluid during the first 24 hours after surgery. Which action would the nurse take? 1 Clamp the tube intermittently to slow the drainage. 2 Increase the rate of intravenous fluids to compensate for this loss. 3 Empty the portable drainage system and reestablish negative pressure. 4 Consider this an expected response after surgery and record the results.

4 Consider this an expected response after surgery and record the results.

A client who previously resided in a foreign country has a chronic vitamin A deficiency. Which information about vitamin A would the nurse consider when assessing the client? 1 Vitamin A is an integral part of the retina's pigment called melanin. 2 It is a component of the rods and cones, which control color visualization. 3 Vitamin A is the material in the cornea that prevents the formation of cataracts. 4 It is a necessary element of rhodopsin, which controls responses to light and dark environments.

4 It is a necessary element of rhodopsin, which controls responses to light and dark environments.

The nurse is caring for a client with suspected appendicitis. Which assessment finding would the nurse determine would further support the diagnosis? 1 Fever and malaise 2 Nausea and vomiting 3 Absolute constipation 4 Pain in right lower quadrant

4 Pain in right lower quadrant

The nurse identifies that which patient is at highest risk for developing colon cancer? A 28-yr-old man who has a body mass index of 27 kg/m2 A 32-yr-old woman with a 12-year history of ulcerative colitis A 52-yr-old man who has followed a vegetarian diet for 24 years A 58-yr-old woman taking prescribed estrogen replacement therapy

A 32-yr-old woman with a 12-year history of ulcerative colitis

A patient with acute diveritculitis would have which thype of diet ordered at start of treatment?

A low fiber diet

When providing discharge teaching for a patient after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, what information should the nurse include? Do not return to work or normal activities for 3 weeks. A low-fat diet may be better tolerated for several weeks. Bile-colored drainage will probably drain from the incision. Keep the bandages on and the puncture site dry until it heals.

A low-fat diet may be better tolerated for several weeks.

A community health nurse is conducting an initial assessment of a new patient. Which assessments should the nurse include when screening the patient for metabolic syndrome? (Select all that apply.) Blood pressure Resting heart rate Physical endurance Waist circumference Fasting blood glucose

Blood pressure Waist circumference Fasting blood glucose

The nurse asks a patient scheduled for colectomy to sign the operative permit as directed in the provider's preoperative orders. The patient states that the provider has not explained very well what is involved in the surgical procedure. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse? Ask family members whether they have discussed the surgical procedure with the provider. Explain the planned surgical procedure as well as possible and have the patient sign the consent form. Have the patient sign the form and state the provider will visit to explain the procedure before surgery. Delay the patient's signature on the consent and notify the provider about the conversation with the patient.

Delay the patient's signature on the consent and notify the provider about the conversation with the patient.

A patient with chronic hepatitis B is being discharged with pain medication after knee surgery. Which medication order should the nurse question? Tramadol Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Hydrocodone with acetaminophen Oxycodone with aspirin (Percodan)

Hydrocodone with acetaminophen

When evaluating the patient's understanding about the care of the ileostomy, which statement by the patient indicates the patient needs more teaching? "I will be able to regulate when I have stools." "I will be able to wear a pouch until it leaks." "The drainage from my stoma can damage my skin." "Dried fruit and popcorn must be chewed very well."

"I will be able to regulate when I have stools."

A client who had thoracic surgery is admitted to the postanesthesia care unit. The nurse notes that a chest tube is in place and is attached to a disposable plastic, water-seal drainage system. To provide appropriate care of the chest tube and drainage unit, which step would the nurse take next? 1 Ensure the security of the connections from the client to the drainage unit. 2 Empty the drainage container and measure and record the amount. 3 Verify that there is vigorous bubbling in the wet suction control compartment. 4 Check that the fluid level in the water-seal compartment increases with expiration.

1 Ensure the security of the connections from the client to the drainage unit.

Which rationale explains why the nurse also monitors a client with a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) for clinical manifestations of heart disease? 1 Esophageal pain may imitate the symptoms of a heart attack. 2 GERD may predispose the client to the development of heart disease. 3 Strenuous exercise may exacerbate reflux problems. 4 Similar laboratory study changes may occur in both problems.

1 Esophageal pain may imitate the symptoms of a heart attack. Clients may interpret symptoms associated with myocardial infarction as esophageal reflux and ignore them. GERD does not predispose the client to heart disease. Exercise does not seem to exacerbate esophageal reflux problems unless the stomach is full when exercising. Exercising to maintain a healthy weight helps reduce esophageal reflux. Laboratory workups help differentiate these 2 diagnoses. Tests, such as cardiac enzymes, can help reveal a myocardial infarction, thereby facilitating differentiation between these problems.

While in the postanesthesia care unit after surgery to create a colostomy, a client requests that no one be allowed to visit. To support the client, which action would the nurse take? 1 Give assurance of respect for the client's wishes. 2 Determine the reason that visitors are not wanted. 3 Promote communication by asking how the client really feels. 4 Explain that the surgery is over and everything is going well.

1 Give assurance of respect for the client's wishes.

Which finding is an indication of ulcer perforation in a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD)? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Tachycardia 2 Hypotension 3 Rigid abdomen 4 Nausea and vomiting 5 Back and shoulder pain

1 Tachycardia 2 Hypotension 3 Rigid abdomen 4 Nausea and vomiting 5 Back and shoulder pain

The nurse teaches older adults at a community center how to prevent food poisoning at social events. Which community member statement reflects accurate understanding? 1. "Pasteurized juices and milk are safe to drink." 2. "Raw cookie dough is safe to eat if it is cold." 3. "Fresh fruits do not need washed before eating." 4. "Ground beef is safe to eat if it is slightly pink."

1. "Pasteurized juices and milk are safe to drink."

The nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric (NG) tube into a patient with a suspected small intestinal obstruction that is vomiting. The patient asks the nurse why this procedure is necessary. What response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1. "The tube will help to drain the stomach contents and prevent further vomiting." 2. "The tube will push past the area that is blocked and help to stop the vomiting." 3. "The tube is just a standard procedure before many types of surgery to the abdomen." 4. "The tube will let us measure your stomach contents so we can give you the right IV fluid replacement."

1. "The tube will help to drain the stomach contents and prevent further vomiting."

A patient is scheduled for surgery with general anesthesia in 1 hour and is observed with a moist but empty water glass in his hand. Which assessment finding may indicate that the patient drank a glass of water? 1. Easily heard, loud gurgling in abdomen 2. High-pitched, hollow sounds in abdomen 3. Flat abdomen without movement upon inspection 4, Tenderness in left upper quadrant upon palpation

1. Easily heard, loud gurgling in abdomen

A malnourished patient has been diagnosed with protein deficiency. Which complications should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.) 1. Edema 2. Asthma 3. Anemia 4. Malabsorption syndrome 5. Impaired wound healing 6. Gastrointestinal bleeding

1. Edema 3. Anemia 5. Impaired wound healing

The nurse is preparing a patient for a capsule endoscopy. What should the nurse ensure is included in the preparation? 1. Ensure the patient understands the required bowel preparation. 2. Have the patient return to the procedure room for removal of the capsule. 3. Teach the patient to maintain a clear liquid diet throughout the procedure. 4. Explain to the patient that conscious sedation will be used during capsule placement.

1. Ensure the patient understands the required bowel preparation. A capsule endoscopy study involves the patient performing a bowel prep to cleanse the bowel before swallowing the capsule. The patient will be on a clear liquid diet for 1 to 2 days before the procedure and will remain NPO for 4 to 6 hours after swallowing the capsule. The capsule is disposable and will pass naturally with the bowel movement, although the monitoring device will need to be removed.

A patient with a family history of adenomatous polyposis had a colonoscopy with removal of multiple polyps. After the procedure, which signs and symptoms should the nurse teach the patient to report immediately? 1. Fever and abdominal pain 2. Flatulence and liquid stool 3. Loudly audible bowel sounds 4. Sleepiness and abdominal cramps

1. Fever and abdominal pain

A patient had a gastric resection for stomach cancer. The nurse plans to teach the patient about decreased secretion of which hormone? 1. Gastrin 2. Secretin 3. Cholecystokinin 4. Gastric inhibitory peptide

1. Gastrin

The condition of a patient who has cirrhosis of the liver has deteriorated. Which diagnostic study would best help determine if the patient has developed liver cancer? 1. MRI scanning 2. Serum α-fetoprotein level 3. Ventilation/perfusion scan 4. Abdominal girth measurement

1. MRI scanning

A patient with type 2 diabetes and chronic hepatitis C asks the nurse if it would be acceptable to take silymarin (milk thistle) to help minimize liver damage. The nurse responds based on what knowledge? 1. Milk thistle may affect liver enzymes and thus alter drug metabolism. 2. Milk thistle is generally safe in recommended doses for up to 10 years. 3. There is unclear scientific evidence for the use of milk thistle in treating cirrhosis. 4. Milk thistle may increase serum glucose levels and is thus contraindicated in diabetes.

1. Milk thistle may affect liver enzymes and thus alter drug metabolism.

The nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis of the liver. To minimize the effects of the disorder, the nurse teaches the client about foods that are high in thiamine. The nurse determines that the client has the best understanding of the dietary measures to follow if the client states an intention to increase the intake of which food? 1. Pork and legumes 2. Milk 3. Chicken 4. Broccoli

1. Pork and legumes

The nurse is monitoring a client for the early signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome. Which findings indicate this occurrence? 1. Sweating and pallor 2. Bradycardia and indigestion 3. Double vision and chest pain 4. Abdominal cramping and pain

1. Sweating and pallor

The nurse is teaching a patient with type 1 diabetes who had surgery to revise a lower leg stump with a skin graft about nutrition. What food should the nurse teach the patient to eat to best facilitate healing? 1. Nonfat milk 2. Chicken breast 3. Fortified oatmeal 4. Olive oil and nuts

2. Chicken breast

A patient is being admitted with anorexia nervosa. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse anticipate? 1. Sensitivity to heat, fatigue, and polycythemia 2. Hair loss; dry, yellowish skin; and constipation 3. Tented skin turgor, hyperactive reflexes, and diarrhea 4. Dysmenorrhea, hypoactive bowel sounds, and hunger

2. Hair loss; dry, yellowish skin; and constipation

Which of the follwoing is not included in teaching a patient with peptic ulcer disease to eliminate? 1. Medication compliance 2. Increase alcohol intake 3. Stop smoking 4. Reduce stress

2. Increase alcohol intake

During a home care visit an adult complains of chronic consitpation. What should the nurse tell the patient to do? 1. Increase potassium in diet 2. Increase fluid and fiber intake 3. Include rice and bananas in diet 4. Increase intake of sugar free products

2. Increase fluid and fiber intake

A frail older adult with recent severe weight loss is taught to eat a high-protein, high-calorie diet at home. Which foods would the nurse suggest for breakfast? 1. Orange juice and dry toast 2. Oatmeal with butter and cream 3. Banana and unsweetened yogurt 4. Waffles with fresh strawberries

2. Oatmeal with butter and cream

A patient who cannot afford enough food for her family states she only eats after her children have eaten. At a clinic visit, she reports bleeding gums, loose teeth, and dry, itchy skin. Which vitamin deficiency would the nurse suspect? 1. Folic acid 2. Vitamin C 3. Vitamin D 4. Vitamin K

2. Vitamin C

A client has been diagnosed with cholelithiasis. Which fact about the condition would the nurse recall when assessing this client for risk factors? 1 Men are more likely to be affected than women. 2 Young people are affected more frequently than older people. 3 Individuals who are obese are more prone to this condition than those who are thin. 4 People who are physically active are more apt to develop this condition than those who are sedentary.

3 Individuals who are obese are more prone to this condition than those who are thin. Cholelithiasis occurs more frequently in individuals who are obese and have hyperlipidemia. Women are more likely to develop cholelithiasis. Middle-aged people, usually over 40 years, are more likely to develop this condition than younger people; aging increases risk. People who have sedentary lifestyles are more likely to develop this condition than those who are active.

The nurse is caring for a client with a bowel obstruction. Which assessment findings indicate the possible onset of peritonitis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. 1 Diarrhea 2 Bradycardia 3 Rebound tenderness 4 Diminished bowel sounds 5 Rigid, boardlike abdomen

3 Rebound tenderness 4 Diminished bowel sounds 5 Rigid, boardlike abdomen

The nurse is preparing to insert a nasogastric (NG) tube for a client to allow continuous suction. Which tube would the nurse select? 1 Levin 2 Dobhoff 3 Salem sump 4 Gastrostomy

3 Salem sump A Salem sump tube has a vent that prevents the suction from pulling at the gastrointestinal mucosa and should be used for clients requiring continuous suction. A Levin tube does not have a vent and should be used strictly for intermittent suction. A Dobhoff is a nasointestinal tube used for feeding, not suction. A gastrostomy tube is surgically placed for feeding.

A nurse is planning to teach a client with malabsorption syndrome about the necessity of following a low-fat diet. The nurse develops a list of high-fat foods to avoid and includes which of the following on the list? Select all that apply. 1) Oranges 2) Broccoli 3) Cream cheese 4) Broiled haddock 5.) Luncheon meats 6.) Margarine

3) Cream cheese 5.) Luncheon meats 6.) Margarine

A patient was involved in a motor vehicle crash and reports an inability to have a bowel movement. What is the best response by the nurse? 1. "Your parasympathetic nervous system is now working to slow the GI tract." 2. "The circulation in the GI system has been increased, so less waste is removed." 3. "Your sympathetic nervous system was activated, so there is slowing of the GI tract." 4. "You may have bruised your intestines, so no stool will be produced for a few days."

3. "Your sympathetic nervous system was activated, so there is slowing of the GI tract."

Which patient is at risk for developing metabolic syndrome? 1. A 62-yr-old white man with coronary artery disease and chronic stable angina 2. A 27-yr-old Asian American woman with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes 3. A 38-yr-old Native American man who has diabetes and elevated hemoglobin A1C 4. A 54-yr-old Hispanic woman who is sedentary and has nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

3. A 38-yr-old Native American man who has diabetes and elevated hemoglobin A1C

When caring for the patient with heart failure, the nurse knows that which gastrointestinal process is most dependent on cardiac output and may affect the patient's nutritional status? 1. Ingestion 2. Digestion 3. Absorption 4. Elimination

3. Absorption

A client seen in the ambulatory care clinic has ascites and slight jaundice. The nurse should assess the client for a history of chronic use of which medication? 1. Ibuprofen 2. Ranitidine 3. Acetaminophen 4. Acetylsalicylic acid

3. Acetaminophen

The patient with chronic gastritis is being put on a combination of medications to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Which drugs does the nurse know will probably be used? 1. Antibiotic(s), antacid, and corticosteroid 2. Antibiotic(s), aspirin, and antiulcer/protectant 3. Antibiotic(s), proton pump inhibitor, and bismuth 4. Antibiotic(s) and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

3. Antibiotic(s), proton pump inhibitor, and bismuth

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who has just vomited yellow-green liquid. Which action would be an appropriate nursing intervention? 1. Offer the patient an herbal supplement such as ginseng. 2. Discontinue medications that may cause nausea or vomiting. 3. Apply a cool washcloth to the forehead and provide mouth care. 4. Take the patient for a walk in the hallway to promote peristalsis.

3. Apply a cool washcloth to the forehead and provide mouth care.

The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment for a patient. Which assessment technique by the nurse is most accurate? 1. Palpate the abdomen before auscultation. 2. Percuss the abdomen before auscultation. 3. Auscultate the abdomen before palpation. 4. Perform deep palpation before light palpation.

3. Auscultate the abdomen before palpation.

Which of the following is not a symptom of Dumping syndrome 30 minutes after meals 1. Diarrhea 2. Fainting 3. Bradycardia 4. abdominal cramping

3. Bradycardia

A patient who had a gastroduodenostomy (Billroth I operation) for stomach cancer reports generalized weakness, sweating, palpitations, and dizziness 15 to 30 minutes after eating. What long-term complication does the nurse suspect is occurring? 1. Malnutrition 2. Bile reflux gastritis 3. Dumping syndrome 4. Postprandial hypoglycemia

3. Dumping syndrome

Diet recommended by American Cancer Society to prevent bowel cancer includes all the following execpt? 1 Cruciferous veggies 2. Maintain average body weight 3. Eat more animal fat 4. Increase fiber intake

3. Eat more animal fat

The nurse determines a patient has experienced the beneficial effects of famotidine when which symptom is relieved? 1. Nausea 2. Belching 3. Epigastric pain 4. Difficulty swallowing

3. Epigastric pain

A patient who has dysphagia after a stroke is receiving enteral nutrition through a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). What intervention should the nurse integrate into the plan of care? 1. Use 30 mL of normal saline to flush the tube every 4 hours. 2. Avoid flushing the tube any time the patient is receiving continuous feedings. 3. Flush the tube before and after feedings if the patient's feedings are intermittent. 4. Flush the PEG with 100 mL of sterile water before and after medication administration.

3. Flush the tube before and after feedings if the patient's feedings are intermittent.

The nurse is assessing a patient admitted with a possible bowel obstruction. Which assessment finding would be expected in this patient? 1. Tympany to abdominal percussion 2. Aortic pulsation visible in epigastric region 3. High-pitched sounds on abdominal auscultation 4. Liver border palpable 1 cm below the right costal margin

3. High-pitched sounds on abdominal auscultation The bowel sounds are higher pitched (rushes and tinkling) when the intestines are under tension, as in intestinal obstruction. Bowel sounds may also be diminished or absent with an intestinal obstruction. Normal findings include aortic pulsations on inspection and tympany with percussion, and the liver may be palpable 1 to 2 cm along the right costal margin.

The patient is having an esophagoenterostomy with anastomosis of a segment of the colon to replace the resected portion. What initial postoperative care should the nurse expect when this patient returns to the nursing unit? 1. Deep breathe, cough, and use spirometer every 4 hours. 2. Maintain an upright position for at least 2 hours after eating. 3. NG will have bloody drainage and it should not be repositioned. 4. Keep in a supine position to prevent movement of the anastomosis.

3. NG will have bloody drainage and it should not be repositioned.

A 74-year-old female patient with osteoporosis is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which over-the-counter medication to treat GERD should be used with caution? 1. Sucralfate 2. Cimetidine 3. Omeprazole 4. Metoclopramide

3. Omeprazole

The nurse recognizes that most of a patient's caloric needs should come from which source? 1. Fats 2. Proteins 3. Polysaccharides 4. Monosaccharides

3. Polysaccharides

A patient with an intestinal obstruction has a nasogastric (NG) tube to suction but reports of nausea and abdominal distention. The nurse irrigates the tube as necessary as ordered, but the irrigating fluid does not return. What should be the priority action by the nurse? 1. Notify the provider. 2. Auscultate for bowel sounds. 3. Reposition the tube and check for placement. 4. Remove the tube and replace it with a new one.

3. Reposition the tube and check for placement.

A patient is suspected of having acute pancreatitis after presenting to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain. Which laboratory result would indicate the presence of acute pancreatitis? 1. Gastric pH of 1.4 2. Blood glucose of 104 3. Serum amylase of 820 U/L 4. Serum potassium of 3.5 mEq/L

3. Serum amylase of 820 U/L Elevated serum amylase levels indicate early pancreatic dysfunction and are used to diagnose acute pancreatitis. The normal serum amylase levels range from 28 to 85 U/L. Serum lipase levels stay elevated longer than serum amylase in acute pancreatitis. Blood glucose, gastric pH, and potassium levels are not direct indicators of acute pancreatic dysfunction.

The nurse is providing care for a patient who is a strict vegetarian. Which would be the best dietary choices the nurse recommends to prevent iron deficiency? 1. Brown rice and kidney beans 2. Cauliflower and egg substitutes 3. Soybeans and hot breakfast cereal 4. Whole-grain bread and citrus fruits

3. Soybeans and hot breakfast cereal

In developing an effective weight reduction plan for an overweight patient who expresses willingness to try to lose weight, which factor should the nurse assess first? 1. The length of time the patient has been obese 2. The patient's current level of physical activity 3. The patient's social, emotional, and behavioral influences on obesity 4. Anthropometric measurements, such as body mass index and skinfold thickness

3. The patient's social, emotional, and behavioral influences on obesity

A client expresses a complete lack of interest in food. How would the nurse document this finding in the client's medical record? 1 Apathy 2 Aphasia 3 Adactyly 4 Anorexia

4 Anorexia

A client has a liver biopsy. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for monitoring or preventing a post-liver biopsy complication? 1 Place the client in a left side-lying position. 2 Keep the client supine on bed rest for 6 hours. 3 Take the client's pulse and blood pressure every shift. 4 Assess the client for pain in the right upper quadrant.

4 Assess the client for pain in the right upper quadrant.

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with peritonitis. Which finding in the medical record is most likely the cause? 1 Gastritis 2 Hiatal hernia 3 Diverticulosis 4 Bowel obstruction

4 Bowel obstruction

The family of a patient newly diagnosed with hepatitis A asks the nurse what they can do to prevent becoming ill. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1. "You will need to be tested first; then treatment can be determined." 2. "The hepatitis vaccine will provide immunity from this and future exposures." 3. "There is nothing you can do since the patient was infectious before admission." 4. "An immunoglobulin injection will be given to prevent infection or limit symptoms."

4. "An immunoglobulin injection will be given to prevent infection or limit symptoms." Immunoglobulin provides temporary (1 to 2 months) passive immunity and is effective for preventing hepatitis A if given within 2 weeks after exposure. It may not prevent infection in all persons, but it will at least modify the illness to a subclinical infection. The hepatitis vaccine is only used for preexposure prophylaxis.

When teaching the patient with acute hepatitis C (HCV), which statement demonstrates understanding of the disease process? 1. "I will use care when kissing my wife to prevent giving it to her." 2. "I will need to take adefovir (Hepsera) to prevent chronic HCV." 3. "Now that I have had HCV, I will have immunity and not get it again." 4. "I will need to be monitored for chronic HCV and other liver problems."

4. "I will need to be monitored for chronic HCV and other liver problems."

Which patient is at highest risk for developing oral candidiasis? 1. A 74-yr-old patient who has vitamin B and C deficiencies 2. A 22-yr-old patient who smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day 3. A 58-yr-old patient who is receiving amphotericin B for 2 days. 4. A 32-yr-old patient who is receiving ciprofloxacin for 3 weeks.

4. A 32-yr-old patient who is receiving ciprofloxacin for 3 weeks.

The nurse is reviewing the home medication list for a patient admitted with suspected hepatic failure. Which medication could cause hepatotoxicity? 1. Digoxin 2. Nitroglycerin 3. Ciprofloxacin 4. Acetaminophen

4. Acetaminophen

After identifying that a patient has possible nutritional deficits, which action will the nurse perform next? 1. Provide supplements between meals. 2. Encourage eating meals with others. 3. Have family bring in food from home. 4. Complete a full nutritional assessment.

4. Complete a full nutritional assessment.

A client has just had surgery to create an ileostomy. The nurse assesses the client in the immediate postoperative period for which most frequent complication of this type of surgery? 1. Folate deficiency 2. Malabsorption of fat 3. Intestinal obstruction 4. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance

4. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance A frequent complication that occurs following ileostomy is fluid and electrolyte imbalance. The client requires constant monitoring of intake and output to prevent this from occurring. Losses require replacement by intravenous infusion until the client can tolerate a diet orally. Intestinal obstruction is a less frequent complication. Fat malabsorption and folate deficiency are complications that could occur later in the postoperative period.

A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that the client is at risk for which acid-base disorder? 1. Respiratory acidosis 2. Respiratory alkalosis 3. Metabolic acidosis 4. Metabolic alkalosis

4. Metabolic alkalosis

In the immediate postoperative period, a nurse cares for a severely obese patient who had surgery for repair of a lower leg fracture. Which assessment is most important? 1. Cardiac rhythm 2. Surgical dressing 3. Postoperative pain 4. Oxygen saturation

4. Oxygen saturation

A patient reports severe pain when the nurse assesses for rebound tenderness. What may this assessment finding indicate? 1. Hepatic cirrhosis 2. Hypersplenomegaly 3. Gallbladder distention 4. Peritoneal inflammation

4. Peritoneal inflammation When palpating for rebound tenderness, the problem area of the abdomen will produce pain and severe muscle spasm when there is peritoneal inflammation. Hepatic cirrhosis, hypersplenomegaly, and gallbladder distention do not manifest with rebound tenderness.

A client with a history of upper GI bleeding has a platelet count of 300,000 mm3. The nurse should take which action after seeing the lab results? 1. Report the abnormally low count 2. Report the abnormally high count 3. Place the client on bleeding precautions 4. Place the normal report in the client's medical record

4. Place the normal report in the client's medical record

The nurse assists a primary health care provider in performing a liver biopsy. After the procedure, the nurse should place the client in which position? 1. Prone 2. Supine 3. Left side 4. Right side

4. Right side To splint and provide pressure at the puncture site, the client is kept on the right side for a minimum of 2 hours after a liver biopsy. Therefore, the remaining positions are incorrect.

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a patient with metastatic lung cancer who was admitted with a diagnosis of malnutrition. The serum albumin level is 4.0 g/dL, and prealbumin is 10 mg/dL. How will the nurse interpret these results? 1. The albumin level is normal, so the patient does not have protein malnutrition. 2. The albumin level is increased, which is common in patients with cancer who have malnutrition. 3. Both the serum albumin and prealbumin levels are reduced, consistent with the diagnosis of malnutrition. 4. The serum albumin level is normal, but the low prealbumin level accurately reflects the patient's nutritional status.

4. The serum albumin level is normal, but the low prealbumin level accurately reflects the patient's nutritional status.

A patient received a small-bore nasogastric (NG) tube after a laryngectomy. Which action has the highest priority before initiating enteral feedings? 1. Testing aspirated fluid pH 2. Auscultating while instilling air 3. Elevating head of bed to 40 degrees 4. Verifying NG tube placement with x-ray

4. Verifying NG tube placement with x-ray

A patient is planned for discharge home today after ostomy surgery for colon cancer. The nurse should assign the patient to which staff member? An UAP on the unit who has hospice experience An LPN that has worked on the unit for 10 years An RN with 6 months of experience on the surgical unit An RN who has floated to the surgical unit from pediatrics

An RN with 6 months of experience on the surgical unit

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with a suspected bowel obstruction. The nurse auscultating the abdomen listens for which type of bowel sounds that are consistent with the patient's clinical picture? Low-pitched and rumbling above the area of obstruction High-pitched and hypoactive below the area of obstruction Low-pitched and hyperactive below the area of obstruction High-pitched and hyperactive above the area of obstruction

High-pitched and hyperactive above the area of obstruction

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient with an abdominal mass and suspected bowel obstruction. Which factor in the patient's history does the nurse recognize as increasing the patient's risk for colorectal cancer? Osteoarthritis History of colorectal polyps History of lactose intolerance Use of herbs as dietary supplements

History of colorectal polyps

What information would have the highest priority for the nurse to include in preoperative teaching for a patient scheduled for an exploratory laparotomy? How to care for the wound How to deep breathe and cough The location and care of drains after surgery Which medications will be used during surgery

How to deep breathe and cough

Two days after a bowel resection for an abdominal mass, a patient reports gas pains and abdominal distention. The nurse plans care for the patient based on the knowledge that the symptoms are occurring as a result what event? Impaired peristalsis Irritation of the bowel Nasogastric suctioning Inflammation of the incision site

Impaired peristalsis

Assessing the skin of a patient with a history of malabsorption deficiency and brittle nails. What type of nutritional deficiency?

Iron deficiency

A patient with acute pancreatitis is experiencing pain. What position should be avoided to promote comfort?

Lying flat

The nurse is administering a cathartic agent to a patient with renal insufficiency. Which order will the nurse question? Bisacodyl Lubiprostone Cascara sagrada Magnesium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching for a patient with metastatic lung cancer who was admitted with a bowel impaction. Which instructions would be most helpful to prevent further episodes of constipation? Maintain a high intake of fluid and fiber in the diet. Discontinue intake of medications causing constipation. Eat several small meals per day to maintain bowel motility. Sit upright during meals to increase bowel motility by gravity.

Maintain a high intake of fluid and fiber in the diet.

The nurse should expect the follwoing order for a patient admitted with acute diverticullitis?

NPO status

The nurse should administer an as-needed dose of magnesium citrate after noting what information when reviewing a patient's medical record? Abdominal pain and bloating No bowel movement for 3 days A decrease in appetite by 50% over 24 hours Muscle tremors and other signs of hypomagnesemia

No bowel movement for 3 days

The nurse is caring for a patient with a herniated lumbar disc. The patient realizes that weight loss is necessary to lessen back strain. The patient is 5 ft, 6 in tall and weighs 186 lbs (84.5 kg) with a body mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m2. The nurse explains this measurement places her in which weight category? Normal weight Overweight Obese Severely obese

Overweight

A patient with cirrhosis has increased abdominal girth from ascites. Which statements describe the pathophysiology of ascites? (Select all that apply.) Hepatocytes are unable to convert ammonia to urea. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus stimulate thirst. An enlarged spleen removes blood cells from the circulation. Portal hypertension causes leaking of protein and water into the peritoneal cavity. Aldosterone is released to stabilize intravascular volume by saving salt and water. Inability of the liver to synthesize albumin reducing intravascular oncotic pressure.

Portal hypertension causes leaking of protein and water into the peritoneal cavity. Aldosterone is released to stabilize intravascular volume by saving salt and water. Inability of the liver to synthesize albumin reducing intravascular oncotic pressure.

A patient with ulcerative colitis is scheduled for a colon resection with placement of an ostomy. The nurse should plan to include which prescribed measure in the preoperative preparation? Selecting the stoma site Where to purchase ostomy supplies Teaching about how to irrigate a colostomy Following a high-fiber diet the day before surgery

Selecting the stoma site

A patient with ulcerative colitis is scheduled for a total proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy. The wound, ostomy, and continence nurse is selecting the site where the ostomy will be placed. What should be included in site consideration? Protruding areas make the best sites. The patient must be able to see the site. The site should be outside the rectus muscle area. The appliance will need to be placed at the waist line.

The patient must be able to see the site.

The nurse inspects a colostomy stoma and recognized that which is a normal assessment finding?

Brick red color

A client with a peptic ulcer is diagnosed with Heliobacter pylori infection. The nurse is teaching the client about the medications prescribed, including metronidazole (Flagyl), omeprazole (Prilosec), and clarithromycin (Biaxin). Which statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the medication regimen? A. "These medications will coat the ulcer and decrease the acid producation in my stomach." B. "I should take these medications only when I have pain from my ulcer." C. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production." D. "My ulcer will heal because these medications will kill the bacteria."

C. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production."

The patient with suspected pancreatic cancer is having many diagnostic studies done. Which test can be used to establish the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and for monitoring the response to treatment? Spiral CT scan A PET/CT scan Abdominal ultrasound Cancer-associated antigen 19-9

Cancer-associated antigen 19-9

When performing an assessment on a dehydrated patietn. Which findings would the nurse expect to see?

Change in mental status

A patient with a history of lung cancer and hepatitis C has developed liver failure and is considering liver transplantation. After a comprehensive evaluation, which finding may be a contraindication for liver transplantation? History of hypothyroidism Stopped smoking cigarettes Well-controlled type 1 diabetes Chest x-ray shows a new lung cancer lesion

Chest x-ray shows a new lung cancer lesion

What disease affects all layers of bowel wall from mouth to anus?

Crohns disease

The nurse is monitoring a client with a dx of peptic ulcer. Which assessment finding would most likely indicate perforation of the ulcer? A. Bradycardia B. Numbness in the leg C. Nausea and vomiting D. A rigid, board-like abdomen

D. A rigid, board-like abdomen Perforation is characterized by sudden, sharp, intolerable pain in the midepigastric area and spreading over the abdomen, which then becomes rigid and board-like.

The nurse teaches a patient who has a body mass index (BMI) of 39 kg/m2 about weight loss. Which dietary change would be most appropriate to recommend? Decrease fat intake and control portion size. Increase vegetables and decrease fluid intake. Increase protein intake and avoid carbohydrates. Decrease complex carbohydrates and limit fiber.

Decrease fat intake and control portion size.

The health care provider orders lactulose for a patient with hepatic encephalopathy. Which finding indicates the medication has been effective? Relief of constipation Relief of abdominal pain Decreased liver enzymes Decreased ammonia levels

Decreased ammonia levels

The nurse is admitting a patient with severe dehydration and frequent watery diarrhea. A 10-day outpatient course of antibiotic therapy for bacterial pneumonia has just been completed. What is the most important for the nurse to take which action? Wear a mask to prevent transmission of infection. Have visitors use the alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Wipe down equipment with ammonia-based disinfectant. Don gloves and gown before entering the patient's room.

Don gloves and gown before entering the patient's room.

When teaching the patient about the diet for diverticular disease, which foods should the nurse recommend? White bread, cheese, and green beans Fresh tomatoes, pears, and corn flakes Oranges, baked potatoes, and raw carrots Dried beans, All Bran (100%) cereal, and raspberries

Dried beans, All Bran (100%) cereal, and raspberries