GI Medications
T or F: ativan has a potential for abuse
true
A patient is prescribed long-acting morphine to treat severe pain. If the patient complains of constipation (OIC), the nurse will recommend:
senna (Senokot)
how does zofran work?
serotonin receptor blocker in CTZ
How do stimulant laxatives work?
stimulate intestinal motility
how does cimetidine work?
suppresses gastric acid secretion by blocking histamine 2 receptors
A nurse is caring for a client who has nausea and a prescription for metoclopramide intermittent IV bolus every 4 hr as needed. The client asks the nurse how metoclopramide will relieve her nausea. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide?
"the medication relieves nausea by promoting gastric emptying"
Systemic absorption of calcium can occur from taking which of the following drugs? Group of answer choices
Calcium Carbonate (Tums)
A patient is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following drugs would you expect to see prescribed for prevention of constipation?
Docustae Sodium (Colace)
Which of the following agents is the most effective agent available for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting?
Lorazepam (Ativan)
After administering an antiemetic to a patient with post-operative nausea and vomiting, the patient develops extrapyramidal effects. Which of the following categories of agents is most likely responsible?
Phenothyazines
zofran is contraindicated in which patient:
QT prolongation
ativan is used for chemotherapy induced n/v, but can also cause ___________ ?
sedation and hypnotic effect
how does esomeprazole work?
blocks all acid production by inhibiting the proton pump
how does sucralfate work?
coats the stomach in a protective lining
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has renal failure and an elevated phosphorous level. The provider instructed the client to take aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client?
constipation
how do osmotic laxatives work?
creating an osmotic gradient that draws water into the stool
how does lomotil work?
activates opioid receptors to decrease peristalsis
How do bulk forming laxatives work?
acts like dietary fiber and forms a viscous solution in water
which of the following regarding administration of sucralfate is correct?
administer antacids 1-2 hours apart
Which of the following drug categories are known to exacerbate constipation?
anticholinergics
The nurse is counseling the patient who is to take magnesium hydroxide. Crucial information is that she should:
augment fluid intake
When metronidazole is a component of an H. pylori eradication regimen, the patient must be instructed to:
avoid alcohol
A female patient is receiving misoprostol with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. An important component of patient education is:
avoidance of pregnancy
A nurse is teaching a class on laxative use to an elderly group. Which type of laxative will the nurse teach the group to avoid?
bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
A patient on anti-ulcer therapy complains of reduced libido and impotence. The nurse informs him that it may be associated with:
cimetidine
A patient is prescribed amoxicillin and tetracycline to treat peptic ulcer disease. The nurse will instruct the patient that these medications will:
destroy the bacteria in the stomach that are causing ulceration
how does reglan work?
dopamine and serotonin antagonist in CTZ
how does phenergan work?
dopamine antagonist in CTZ
A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using over-the-counter calcium carbonate antacid. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make about taking this medication?
drink a glass of water after taking the medication
A patient with ulcer disease asks the nurse about dietary changes that may help relieve symptoms. The best advice would be to:
eat small frequent meals
what are the serious adverse effects of PPIs?
fractures pneumonia gastric cancer C.diff
Bulk-forming laxatives:
function like dietary fiber
which patient statement regarding PUD requires further teaching?
i should take NSAIDs regularly
which of the following is true regarding Misoprostol use?
it may cause spotting or dysmenorrhea in women
How do surfactant laxatives work?
lowers surface tension of stool to be penetrated by water
how do antacids work?
neutralize stomach acids by buffering HCL
A patient who is receiving chemotherapy complains of nausea. Which of the following prescribed medications should the nurse administer?
ondansetron (Zofran)
A nurse is taking a health history of a client who reports occasionally taking several over-the-counter medications, including an H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA). Which of the following outcomes indicates the H2RA is therapeutic? Group of answer choices
relief of heartburn
A patient is prescribed famotidine (Pepcid) and aluminum hydroxide (Maalox) for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should teach the patient to:
wait at least 1 hour between the administration of the two medications