GI sem 3 test
What composes fecal matter?
Water, microbes, mucus
The nurse is assisting the healthy care provider with a colonoscopy for a client with rectal bleeding. The provider requests the nurse to admin glucagon during the procedure. Why is it being used?
To relax colonic musculature and reduce spasm.
A test to detect a small bowel obstruction involves insertion of a tube through the nose and lasts over 6 hours is what type of test?
Upper GI enteroclysis
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted client with a suspected GI lee. The nurse assess the clients stool after a bowel movement and notes it to be a tarry-black color. The finding is suggestive of bleeding from where?
Upper GI tract
The nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of AIDS. Inspection of the clients mouth reveals the new presence of white lesions on the clients oral mucosa. What is the nurses most appropriate response?
Inform the primary provider of this finding.
The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for a colonoscopy. Th nurse should assist the client into what position during the test?
Lying on the left side with legs drawn toward the chest.
Damage to what area of the brain will most affect a clients ability to swallow?
Medulla oblongata
The nurse is providing instructions to a client scheduled for a gastroscopy. What should the nurse be sure to include in the instruction?
The client must fast 8 hours before exam, the throat will be sprayed with anesthetic, after gastroscopy, the client cannot eat or drink until the gag reflex returns.
What is small bowel enteroscopy?
The endoscopic examination and visualization of the lumen of the small bowel.
For a patient with a disorder of the GI system, which history would the nurse assess?
Work history for exposure to environmental toxic wastes or radioactive materials.
When examining the abdomen of a client with reports of nausea and vomiting, what would the nurse do first?
Inspection
A client has ascites. Which of the following interventions would the nurse prepare to assist with implementing to help the client control this condition? Select all that apply
Instructing the client to remove salty and salted foods from the diet Administering prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone) Assisting with placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
A client is diagnosed with megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin by B12 deficiency. The health care provider begins the client on cyanocobalamin (Betalin-12), 100mcg I.M. daily. Which substance influences vitamin B12 absorption.
Intrinsic factor
Which term describes a gastric secretion that combines with vitamin B12 so that is can be absorbed?
Intrinsic factor
When caring for a client with hepatitis B, the nurse should monitor closely for the development of which finding associated with a decrease in hepatic function?
Irritability and drowsiness
A client asks the nurse why the physician ordered the blood test carcinoembryonic antigen the nurse answers
It indicates if a cancer is present
A client who is recovering from anesthesia following oral surgery for lip cancer is experiencing difficulty breathing deeply and coughing up secretions. Which of the following measures will help ease the client's discomfort?
Keeping the head of the bed elevated
A focused GI assessment begins with a complete HX and physical examination. Identify the quadrant of the abdomen to be palpated or percussed for a patient with pancreatitis?
Left upper
When assessing an elderly client's GI system, it is important for the nurse to remember that older clients tend to have?
Less control of the rectal sphincter.
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a suspected malabsorption disorder. The nurse knows that one of the accessory organs of the digestive system is the pancreas. What digestive enzymes does the pancreas secrete?
Lipase, amylase, trypsin
A client was admitted to a critical care unit with esophageal varices and a precarious physical condition. What predisposes the client to have bleeding varices
Little protective tissue to protect fragile veins Chemical irritation Straining at stool Rough food
While palpating a clients RUQ the nurse the nurse would expect to find which structure?
Liver
Then nurse is caring for a geriatric client and notices polypharmacy. Which diagnostic studies are anticipated?
Liver function studies
A client is scheduled to have an upper GI series. Which preparation will the client be asked to follow prior to the procedure?
Low-residue diet for 2-3 days prior, NPO for 8-12 hours before
A client reports frequent episodes fo reflux, and describes regurgitating small amounts of stomach contents into the esophagus. What sphincter is most likely not performing its normal physiologic function?
Lower esophageal sphincter
The nurse is providing a client with the supplies necessary to perform two hemoccult tests on his stool. What instruction should the nurse give this client?
Mail the paper slides to the clinic once you've collected the samples
A male client will be having an ileoanal anastomosis for the treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis. What is the benefit to this client of having this procedure rather than a total colectomy? Select all that apply.
Maintains bowel continence Unlikely to experience bladder dysfunction Unlikely to experience erectile dysfunction Unlikely to experience infertility
A nurse admits a woman reporting severe right upper quadrant pain after eating dinner. What client risk factors lead the nurse to suspect gallbladder disease?
Obese, multiparous, older 40 years old, hx of DM
The nurse cares for a client who receives feedings through a nasogastric (NG) tube and assesses the client for signs and symptoms of pulmonary complications. The nurse determines the client may be experiencing pulmonary complications when which sign is noted?
Respiratory rate of 30
The nurse conducts education related to test preparation for a client scheduled to undergo an abdominal ultrasonography. The nurse should give the client which instruction?
Restrict eating solid foods for 8-12 hours before the test.
A nurse is assisting with preoperative care for a client who requires an appendectomy. The nurse is aware that the surgery will involve which abdominal quadrant?
Right lower quadrant
A client has been scheduled for a urea breath test in 1 months time. What nursing diagnosis most likely prompted this diagnostic test?
Risk for impaired skin integrated related to peptic ulcers
The nurse is caring for a client with a duodenal ulcer and is relating the clients symptoms to the physiologic functions of the small intestine. What do these functions include?
Secretion of mucus, absorption of nutrients, movement of nutrients into the bloodstream
The nurse is instructing the client who is newly diagnosed with peptic ulcers. Which of the following diagnostic studies would the nurse anticipate reviewing with the client?
Serum antibodies for H. pylori
A nurse is teaching a client with malabsorption syndrome about the disorder and its treatment. The client asks which part of the GI tract absorbs food. Whats the best response?
Small intestine
The nurse is preparing to collect an ordered urine sample for urinalysis. The nurse should be aware that this test will include what assessment parameters? Select all that apply.
Specific gravity of the client's urine Testing for the presence of glucose in the client's urine Microscopic examination of urine sediment for RBCs Microscopic examination of urine sediment for casts
The nurse educator is reviewing the blood supply of the GI tract with a group of med nurses. The nurse is explaining the fact that veins that return blood from the digestive organs and the spleen form the portal venous system. What large veins will the nurse list when describing this system?
Splenic vein, inferior mesenteric vein, gastric vein
After teaching a group of students about the various organs of the upper GI tract and possible disorder, the teacher determines it was successful when the students identify which structure being affected?
Stomach
A nurse is caring for an 83 year old client who is being assessed for recurrent and intractable nausea. What age-related change to the GI system may be a contributor to the clients health?
Stomach emptying takes place more slowly
A client has returned to the medical unit after a barium enema. When assessing the clients subsequent bowel patterns and stools, what finding would warrant reporting the the health care provider?
Streaks of blood present in the stool
The nurse is assisting the physician in a percutaneous liver biopsy. In assisting with positioning, the nurse should assist the client into what position?
Supine position
A nurse is doing an physical assessment on a client with a GI disorder. Which position will the nurse most likely ask the client to assume when performing an abdominal exam?
Supine with knees flexed slightly
A clients sigmoidoscopy has been successfully completed and the client is preparing to return home. What teaching point should the nurse include in the clients discharge education?
The client can resume a normal routine immediately
A medical clients CA 19-9 levels have become available and they are significant elevated. How should the nurse best interpret this diagnostic finding?
The client may have cancer, but other GI disease must be ruled out.
A client receives a local anesthetic to suppress the gag reflex for a diagnostic procedure of the upper GI tract. Which nursing intervention is advised for this patient?
The client should not be given any food and fluids until gag reflex returns.
A client will be undergoing abdominal CT with contrast. The nurse has administered IV sodium bicarbonate and oral acetylcysteine before the study, as prescribed. What would indicate that these meds have had the desired therapeutic affect?
The clients BUN and creatinine levels are within reference range following the CT
The nurse is caring for a geriatric client experiencing diarrhea. When teaching about the site in the body where water and electrolytes are absorbed, the nurse is most correct to instruct on which location?
The large intestine
The nurse is caring for a client following a colonoscopy. During the procedure, two medium sized polyps were removed. Which nursing assessment in the recovery area is a priority?
Vital signs
A client was diagnosed with pernicious anemia. Which vitamin cannot be absorbed without an intrinsic factor?
Vitamin B12
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic gastritis. The nurse monitors the client knowing that this client is at risk for which vitamin deficiency?
Vitamin B12
The nurse recognizes which change of the GI system ins an age related change
Weakened gag reflex
A client with end-stage liver disease is scheduled to undergo a liver transplant. The client tells the nurse, "I am worried that my body will reject the liver." Which statement is the nurse's best response to the client?
You will need to take daily medication to prevent rejection of the transplanted liver. The new liver has a good chance of survival with the use of these drugs."
A client has been brought to the emergency department with abd pain and is subsequently diagnosed with appendicitis. The client is scheduled for an appendectomy but questions the nurse about how his hell will be affected. How should the nurse respond?
Your appendix doesn't play a major role, so you won't notice any difference after you recover from surgery.
When preparing a client for MRI of the abdomen which statement would indicate the need to notify the physician?
"I really don't like to be in small, enclosed spaces"
A nurse is providing pre procedure education for a client who will undergo a lower GI tract study the following week. What should the nurse teach the client about bowel preparation?
"You'll need to have enemas the day before the test"
Most important to ensure that a client does not retain any barium after a barium swallow?
Monitoring the stool passage and its color.
What part of the GI tract begins the digestion food?
Mouth
A nurse admits a wealthy client who is 8 weeks postpartum after her third child and overweight. The client reports severe right upper quadrant pain that radiates to the back after eating Thanksgiving dinner with turkey and gravy earlier in the evening. What factors lead the nurse to suspect gallbladder disease? Select all that apply
Multiparous Obese Eating a high fat diet Female gender
A nurse is reviewing postprocedure care for a client who has undergone a colostomy procedure. What type of feces should the nurse explain that the client will be managing?
Mushy
A client diagnosed with colon cancer presents with the characteristic symptoms of a left-sided lesion. Which symptoms are indicative of this disorder?
Narrowing stools, constipation, abdominal distention
A typical s/s of appendicitis
Nausea
The nurse working in the ED is evaluating a client for signs and symptoms of appendicitis. Which of the client's signs/symptoms should the nurse report to the physician?
Nausea
Which of the following describes awakening at night to urinate?
Nocturia
When bowel sounds are heard about every 15 seconds, the nurse would record that the bowel sounds are
Normal
Which actions would a nurse take when performing an assessment on a client undergoing surgical repair of a hernia?
Obtain the client allergy history, ask whether the client is taking a corticosteroids, obtain clients smoking hx
The nurse is creating a discharge teaching plan for a client after surgery for oral cancer.
Oral hygiene, follow up dental appointment, follow up medical appointment, use of humidification
The nurse is working with clients with digestive tract disorders. Which of the following organs does the nurse realize has effects as an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland?
Pancreas
The nurse is assisting the health care provider with a gastric acid stimulation test for a client. What medications should the nurse prepare to administer subQ to stimulate gastric secretions?
Pentagastrin
A nurse is promoting increased protein intake to enhance a clients wound healing. What is the enzyme that will initiate the digestion of the protein that the client consumes.
Pepsin
A client is scheduled for MRI during the client teaching what will the nurse discuss?
"Do you experience any claustrophobia?"
A client who has occasional gastric symptoms is receiving teaching on how to prevent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which statement indicates the client understands the teaching?
"Eliminating bothersome foods will help."
The nurse is caring for a client following a GI diagnostic testing. The client verbalizes being ashamed because he is having frequent gas. What nursing suggestion is best?
"Having gas following the procedure is normal. Expel the gas to decrease discomfort"
The management of the client's gastrostomy is an assessment priority for the home care nurse. What statement would indicate that the client is managing the tube correctly?
"I flush my tube with water before and after each of my medications
A nurse is employed as a GI office nurse. When assessing the lucent, which objective data would provide useful information for diagnosis?
22-lb weight loss in 2 months
In client education with a client has a lower GI study scheduled, the nurse describes the organs invited and their characteristics. Approx how long are the jejunum and the ileum if their lengths are combined?
23 feet
What is the approximate length of the large intestine?
4-5 feet
Which sensation is most common when a contrast agent is injected into the body during diagnostic studies.
A warm sensation
Which is the most common report by clients with pancreatitis?
Severe, radiating abdominal pain
A nurse is caring for a client with recurrent hematamesisi who is scheduled for upper GI fibroscopy. How should the nurse in the radiology department prepare this client?
Apply local anesthetic to the back of the clients throat.
The nurse is caring for a client recovering from an esophagogastrodudodenoscopy. What symptom would require further nursing assessment?
Abdominal distention.
Primary function of the small intestine?
Absorption
The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for renal angiography following a motor vehicle accident. What client preparation should the nurse most likely provide before this test
Administration of a laxative
Which digestive enzyme aids in the digesting of starch?
Amylase
The nurse is assessing a patient upon admission to the hospital. What significant nursing assessment data is relevant to renal function? Select all that apply
Any voiding disorders The patient's occupation The presence of hypertension or diabetes
Composition of the fecal matter and when it becomes a formed mass at what location
Sigmoid colon
The nurse is reviewing the results of hemoccult test with the client. Which question asked by the nurse is important in screening for the potential of a false-positive result
Are you prescribed regular strength aspirin, can you tell me the amount of alcohol that you drink on an average week? When was the last time that you included red meat in your diet?
The nurse is caring for an 84-year-old client who is being admitted for diagnostic studies for a potential renal disorder. The nurse planning care has initiated a care plan of "Knowledge Deficit related to poor understanding of diagnostic studies as manifested by client statements of not understanding diagnostic procedures and elevated anxiety." Which nursing interventions does the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply
Assess client's level of understanding. Remain with client and answer questions. Administer an ordered sedative. Use simple language.
A nurse is assessing a client who has just been admitted to the postsurgical unit following surgical resection for the treatment of oropharyngeal cancer. What assessment should the nurse prioritize?
Assess for a patent airway
Which of the following terms describes the involuntary flapping movements of the hands associated with metabolic liver dysfunction?
Asterixis
A nurse is preparing to measure the clients abdominal girth as a part of the physical examination. At which location would the nurse most likely measure?
At the umbilicus
When assisting with preparing a client scheduled for a barium swallow, which of the following would be appropriate to include?
Avoid smoking for at least 12-24 hours
A nurse is caring for a client with biliary colic. Where would the nurse most likely expect this client to experience referred pain?
Below right nipple
During a colonoscopy with moderate sedation a patient groans with obvious discomfort and begins bleeding from the rectum. The patient is diaphoretic and has an increase in abdominal girth from distention. What complication of this procedure is the nurse aware may be occuring?
Bowel perforation
The nurse prepares a client for a barium enema. The nurse should place the client on which diet prior to the procedure?
Clear liquids the day before.
A client who will be having a portion of colon removed and colostomy created informs the nurse that he "will not be attractive any longer." The nurse determines the nursing diagnosis is Disturbed Body Image related to the stoma and altered bowel elimination. What expected outcome related to this diagnosis will the client have?
Client verbalizes what the changes will be and the benefits to future health
The nurse is accompanying the client to the diagnostic imaging center for an MRI which action by the nurse is most important prior to the test?
Calculate door per minute for IV fluids and infuse by gravity.
A patient is scheduled for a fiberoptic colonoscopy. What does the nusre know that fiberoptic colonoscopy is most frequently used to diagnose?
Cancer
A client comes into the emergency department with reports of abdominal pain. What should the nurse ask first?
Characteristics and duration of pain
When examining the skin of a client who is dehydrated due to fluid losses from the GI tract, what would be most important?
Checking if the mucous membranes are dry.
Sixty to eighty percent of pancreatic tumors occur in the head of the pancreas. Tumors in this region obstruct the common bile duct. Which of the following clinical manifestations would indicate a common bile duct obstruction associated with a tumor in the head of the pancreas? Choose all that apply.
Clay-colored stools Dark urine Jaundice Pruritis
The nurse is instructing a client prior to a colonoscopy. The client states, "Why do I have to drink this gross liquid/" the nurse verbalized the goal of the oral preparation is to?
Cleanse the vowel to promote clear visualization of structures.
A client has come to the outpatient radiology department for diagnostic testing that will allow the care team to evaluate and remove polyps. The nurse should prepare the client for what procedure?
Colonoscopy
A client is scheduled to have an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Which structures are visualized during this procedure?
Common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and biliary tree
A client postoperatively reports to the nurse the need to urinate, but is unable to void. What should the nurse expect the healthcare provider to order? Select all that apply.
Complete a straight catheterization. Perform a bladder scan
The client is to be discharged after a biopsy, and is instructed to maintain limited activity and report signs of systemic infection, urinary tract infection, or bleeding. Which other instructions should the nurse include in the care plan? Select all that apply
Complete the prophylactic antibiotic therapy. Gradually increase the physical activity.
A client has been diagnosed with cancer in the descending colon. Which symptoms would the nurse expect the client to report?
Constipation, narrow of stools
Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder characterized by the pulmonary and pancreatic dysfunction, usually appears in young children but can also affect adults. If the pancreas was functioning correctly, where would the bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the GI system?
Duodenum
When gastric analysis testing reveals excess secretion of gastric acid, the nurse recognizes which medical diagnoses is supported?
Duoldenal ulcer
The nurse is caring for a geriatric client in a long-term facility. When administering the client's medications which age-related changes of the client are anticipated?
Decreased motility in esophagus, weak gag reflex, decreased elasticity of the rectal wall.
A nurse is performing an abdominal assessment of an older adult client. When collecting and analyzing date, the nurse should be cognizant of what age-related change in GI structure and function?
Decreased mucus secretion.
A patient has received a temporary ostomy during her treatment for colon cancer. Which of the following techniques is most likely to facilitate the patient's ability to independently empty and change the ostomy after discharge?
Demonstration
A client is admitted with nephrolithiasis. What symptoms does the nurse expect the client to experience? Select all that apply.
Difficulty starting a urine stream Suprapubic pain Elevated temperature Hematuria
A patient with cystic fibrosis takes a pancreatic enzyme replacements on a regular basis. The patients intake of trypsin facilitates what aspect of the GI function?
Digestion of proteins
A client receives a local anesthetic to suppress the gag reflex for a diagnostic procedure of the upper GI tract. The nurse determines which nursing intervention is advised of this client?
Do not give any food and fluids until the gag reflex returns.
A client receives a local anesthetic to suppress the gag reflex for a diagnostic procedure of the upper GI tract. Which nursing intervention is advised for this client?
Do not give any food and fluids until the gag reflex returns.
A client is being treated for diverticulosis. Which points should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Do not suppress urge to defecate, drink 8-10 glasses of fluid every day, use bulk forming laxatives, encourage exercise program.
The nurse is performing an assessment of a patient. During the assessment the patient informs the nurse of some recent "stomach trouble". What does the nurse know is the most common symptom of patients with GI dysfunction?
Dyspepsia
A nurse is preparing a client with crohns disease for a barium enema. What should the nurse do the day before the test?
Encourage plenty of fluids.
A client is given a diagnosis of hepatic cirrhosis. The client asks the nurse what findings led to this determination. Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse correctly identify? Select all that apply.
Enlarged liver size Ascites Hemorrhoids
The nurse is investigating a clients report of pain in the duodenal area. Where should the nurse perform the assessment?
Epigastric area and consider possible radiation of pain to the right subscapular region
Which substance influences vitamin B12 absorption?
Intrinsic factor
A client is being assess for a suspected deficit in intrinsic factor synthesis. What diagnostic or assessment finding is the most likely rationale for this examination of intrinsic factor production?
Persistently low hemoglobin and hematocrit
A client is receiving postoperative instruction on how to release stool from a newly placed continent ileostomy. Which steps would be included?
Sit on or beside the toilet, or on the side of the bed. Warm the catheter to body temperature and lubricate the tip.
Which procedure is performed to examine and visualize the lumen of the small bowel?
Small bowel enteroscopy
A nurse is assessing a client with a family history of cancer. Which finding requires immediate follow-up?
The client states he feels like he always has a lump in his throat.
The nurse is teaching a client about the upcoming endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) although th nurse instructs on several pertinent points of care, which is emphasized?
The client will need to be repositioned frequently throughout the procedure in order to prevent injury
A nurse practitioner treating a patient who is diagnosed with hepatitis A should provide health care information. Which of the following statements are correct for this disorder? Select all that apply.
There is a 70% chance that jaundice will occur. Transmission of the virus is possible with oral-anal contact during sex. Typically there is a spontaneous recovery.
Which enzyme aids in the digestion of protein?
Trypsin
What is the pH of gastric aspirate?
acidic
A client reports "bloody" urine to the nurse. What causes would the nurse relate the hematuria? Select all that apply
acute glomerulonephritis renal stones extreme exercise
A client is prescribed amitriptyline, an antidepressant for incontinence. The nurse understands that this drug is an effective treatment for which reason? Select all that apply.
Increases bladder neck resistance Decreases involuntary bladder contractions
An adult client has been diagnosed with diverticula disease after ongoing challenges with constipation. The client will be treated on an outpatients bases. What components of treatment should the nurse anticipate
Increased fiber intake, reduced fat intake.
Which response is a parasympathetic response in the GI tract?
Increased peristalsis
An advanced practice nurse is assessing the size and density of a client's abdominal organs. If the results of palpation are unclear to the nurse, what assessment technique should be implemented?
Percussion
A nurse is caring for a client in the late stages of esophageal cancer. The nurse should plan to prevent or address what characteristics of this stage of the disease?
Perforation into the mediastinum, erosion into the great vessels, obstruction of the esophagus
During the physical examination of a client, the nurse monitors for signs that may indicate a urinary tract disorder. Which of the following would suggest that the client may have a urinary tract disorder?
Periorbital edema Flank pain
The nurse is scheduling GI diagnostic testing for a client. Which GI test should be scheduled first?
Radiography of the gallbladder
A client tells the nurse that the stool is colored yellow. The nurse assess the client for
Recent foods ingested.
Following ingestion of carrots or beets, the nurse would expect which alteration in stool color.
Red
The nurse inspects a clients tongue. Which finding would the nurse evaluate as an indication of potential oral cancer?
Red plaque on undersurface of tongue
A nurse cares for an older adult client and teaches the client about age-related changes of the biliary tract. What statements will the nurse include when discussing age-related changes that occur in the pancreas of the older adult?
The pancreas develops fibrous material with age." "The pancreas develops fatty deposits with age." "The pancreas decreases secretion of enzymes with age." "The pancreas decreases bicarbonate secretion with age."
A client with diabetes begins to have digestive problems and is told by the physician that they are a complication of the diabetes. What explanation from the nurse is most accurate?
The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes.
When assessing for jaundice, what locations would the nurse assess?
The sclera, conjunctive, gums, hard palate
A client is being seen by the urologist due to an increasingly troublesome need to urinate several times through the night. After checking the client's prostate (which was within normal limits), the physician prescribes limiting fluid intake after the evening meal. What is causing the client's increased need to urinate?
leg elevation
A client reports having red stools lately. What will the nurse ask during assessment questioning?
Have you been eating beets?
A client asks the nursing assistant for a bedpan. When the client is finished, the nursing assistant notifies the nurse that the client has bright red streaking of blood in the stool. The nurses assessment should focus on what potential cause?
Hemorrhoids
A clinic client has described recent dark-colored stools and the nurse recognizes the need for fecal occult blood testing. What aspect of the clients current health status would contraindicate FOBT?
Hemorrhoids
The nurse is assessing the abdomen of a client, in what sequence would the nurse conduct the assessment?
Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
What is the recommended order for performing an abdominal examination?
Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
A nurse is assessing a client who reports abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea. When examining the client's abdomen, which sequence should the nurse use?
Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation.
A female client has presented to the ED with right upper quad pain, the provider orders an abd ultrasound to rule out cholecystitis. The client is concern with the safety of the ultrasound. How should the nurse respond?
"abdominal ultrasound poses no known safety risks of any kind"
A nurse is caring for a client with a fluid and electrolyte imbalance. What urine specific gravity would the nurse expect to measure?
1.018
The client asks how long the duodenum is?
10 inches
The nurse is performing a focused assessment of a client with a hx of bowel obstruction. The nurse positions the client and inspects the clients abdomen, what action should be performed next?
Auscultate the clients abdomen.
An adult client with a history of dyspepsia has been diagnosed with chronic gastritis. The nurses health education should include what buildings?
Avoid nonsteroidal anti inflammatory, avoid drinking alcohol
A client is scheduled for an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) to detect lesions in the GI tract. The nurse would observe for which of the following while assessing the client during the procedure?
Clients tolerance for pain and discomfort
The nurse is working in a diagnostic testing unit focusing on gastrointestinal studies. For which testing procedure is the nurse correct to assess the gag reflex before offering fluids?
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Nurse is providing community education, the nurse is instructing on the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. What is that tube called?
Esophagus
Nurse is assessing the abdomen of the client with an undiagnosed disorder. In which order would the nurse conduct the abdominal assessment?
Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
The nurse is instructing a health class of high school seniors on the function of the kidney. The nurse is correct to highlight which information? Select all that apply.
Excretes waste products Controls blood pressure Regulate calcium and the synthesis of vitamin D Regulates red blood cell production
A client has been brought into the ED via ambulance, reporting acute generalized abdominal pain, nausea, fever, and constipation. The healthcare provider suspects appendicitis, but testing has not been performed yet to make a definitive diagnosis. What will the nurse most likely do while initially caring for this client?
Explain to the client why analgesics are being witheld
A client has just undergone a urinary diversion procedure. What management issues related specifically to urinary diversion would be included in this client's care plan? Select all that apply.
Observe for leakage of urine or stool from the anastomosis. Maintain renal function. Assess for signs and symptoms of peritonitis.
A client undergoing a diagnostic exam for GI disorder was given polyethyleneeglycol/electrolyte solution as part of the test prep. Which of the following measures should the nurse take once the solution is administered?
Permit the client to drink only clear liquids.
The nurse is preparing to assess a client's new stoma. Which finding would the nurse include in the documentation of a healthy stoma?
Pink color
Results of a clients assessment prompted an exam of the clients carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, which have come back positive. What is the nurses most appropriate response to this finding?
Prepare to meet the clients psychosocial needs
A 30-year-old client presents to the clinic for an employment physical. The nurse notes protein in the client's urine. The nurse understands that transient proteinuria can be caused by which factor(s)? Select all that apply
Prolonged standing Fever Strenuous exercise
The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a percutaneous liver biopsy. Which diagnostic test is obtained prior?
Prothrombin time (PT)
A client has sought care because of recent dark-colored stools. As a result, a fecal occult blood test has been ordered. The nurse should give what instructions to the client?
Take no NSAIds within 48 hours of the test
The nurse is collecting a stool specimen from a patient. What characteristic of the stool indicates to the nurse that the patient may have an upper GI bleed?
Tarry and black
The nurse is providing health education to a client with a GI disorder. What should the nurse describe as a major function of the GI tract?
The absorption into the bloodstream of nutrients molecules produced by digestion
A client reports having to get up frequently to void in the night, or nocturia. What is not a probable cause of his problem
neurogenic bladder
The nurse auscultates the abdomen to assess bowel sounds. She documents 5-6 sounds hears in less than 30 seconds. How should the nurse document this?
Hyperactive.
A nurse has auscultated a clients abdomen and noted one or two bowel sounds in a 2 min period of time. How should the nurse document the clients bowel sounds?
Hypoactive
The nurse assess bowel sounds and hears one to two bowel sounds in 2 minutes. How should the nurse document the bowel sounds?
Hypoactive (normal is heard every 5-20 seconds)
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy and whose preparation will include polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage prior to the procedure. The presence of what health problem would contraindicate the use of this form of bowel preparation?
Inflammatory bowel disease
An enzyme that begins the digestion of starches is
Ptyalin (amylase)
A client presents at the ambulatory clinic reporting recurrent sharp stomach pain that is relieved by eating. The nurse suspects that the client may have an ulcer. How should the nurse explain the info and role of acid in stomach to the client?
Hyrdochloric acid is secreted by glands in the stomach in response to the actual or anticipated presence of food.
A client who has been in a car accident is comatose and has developed ascites as a result. The nurse explains the condition to the clients family, and indicates that the primary function of the small intestine is to?
Absorb nutrients.
Which of the following is the primary function of the small intestine?
Absorption
A home care nurse is caring for a client with reports of epigastric discomfort who is scheduled for a barium swallow. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the test?
Ill avoid eating or drinking anything 6-8 hours before the test.
A client who has been experiencing changes in his bowel function is scheduled for a barium enema. What instruction should the nurse provide for post-procedure recovery.
Increase fluid intake to evacuate the barium.
The nurse is working on a general medical unit. A client is scheduled for an upper GI series. Upon returning to the nursing unit, what does the nurse identify as the clients goal?
Increase in the amount of fluids
A mother brings her teenage son to the clinic, where tests show that he has hepatitis A virus (HAV). They ask the nurse how this could have happened. Which of the following explanations would the nurse correctly identify as possible causes?
Infection at school, suboptimal sanitary habits, consumption of sewage-contaminated water or shellfish, sexual activity
The nurse is assessing a client who is stating GI upset and a feeling of bloating. WHICH TYPE OF MEAL WOULD THE NURSE ANTICIPATE CAUSING THESE TYPES OF SYMPTOMS?
Hamburger and French fries
A gerontologic nurse is assessing a client who has numerous comorbid health problems. What assessment findings should prompt the nurse to suspect a UTI? Select all that apply.
Fever New onset of confusion
An adult client is scheduled for an upper GI series that will use a barium swallow. What teaching should the nurse include when the client has completed the test?
Fluids must be increased to facilitate the evacuation of the stool.
The nurse teaches a client scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which instruction should be included as part of the preparation for the procedure?
Follow the dietary and fluid restriction. and bowel preparation procedures.
Function of the stomahc
Food storage, secretion of digestive fluids, propels partially digested food into small intestine.
A nurse is assessing the abdomen of a client just admitted to the unit with a suspected GI disease. Inspection reveals several diverse lesions on the clients abdomen. How should the nurse best interpret this assessment finding?
GI diseases often produce skin changes
A client with pancreatic cancer has been scheduled for a pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure). During health education, the client should be informed that this procedure will involve the removal of which of the following?
Gallbladder Part of the stomach Duodenum Part of the common bile duct
A patient has a suprapubic catheter inserted postoperatively. What would be the advantages of the suprapubic catheter versus a urethral catheter? Select all that apply
The patient can void sooner than with a urethral catheter. The suprapubic catheter allows for more mobility. The suprapubic catheter permits measurement of residual
The nurse is educating a patient about preparation for an IV urography. What should the nurse be sure to include in the preparation instructions?
The patient may have liquids before the test
Which nursing instruction is correct to provide the client following a barium enema?
The stools may be white or clay colored
A client with a recent HX of intermittent bleeding is undergoing capsule endoscopy to determine the source of bleeding. When explaining this diagnostic test to the patient what advantage should the nurse describe?
The test is noninvasive
The nurse determines which as a true statement regarding older clients, considering the age-related effects on their GI systems?
They tend to usually have less control of the rectal sphincter.
The nurse is reviewing the client's lab results. Which lab result requires follow up by the nurse? Select all that apply
Urine: RBC 20 BUN 28 mg/dL
A client describes being constipated, but also experiencing abdominal cramping, pain, and urgent diarrhea. These symptoms occur more often when the client is nearing a deadline or is under emotional stereos. What would be recommended to treat these symptoms?
high-fiber diet, psyllium
What does the nurse recognize as clinical manifestations consistent with ascites?
increased abdominal girth rapid weight gain visible distended veins
A client is being treated for a malignant bladder tumor. What would be included in treatment of a small tumor? Select all that apply.
resection and fulguration topical application of an antineoplastic drug
