Globalization and technology
Ray Tomlinson
He chose the "@" symbol to provide an addressing standard in the form of "user@host", which is in use to date. This is why he is called the "father of email" and is credited with its invention.
Zero
It has crossed the greatest minds and most diverse borders since it was born many centuries ago. Today, it may be the most pervasive global symbol known. In the twenty-first century it is so familiar that to talk about it seems like much ado about nothing, but it is precisely understanding and working with this nothing that has allowed civilization to progress. The development of what symbol across continents, centuries, and minds has made it one of the greatest accomplishments of human society?
LED
It is a type of electronic light source that is activated by an electrical current. It is highly energy-efficient and lasts much longer than a traditional light bulb. It can be used for indicator lights, clock displays, street lights, and even Christmas lights.
Thomas Friedman
The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century is an international bestselling book that analyzes globalization, primarily in the early 21st century. The title is a metaphor for viewing the world as a level playing field in terms of commerce, where all competitors have an equal opportunity. Name the author of this bestselling book.
Tesla roadster
The most impressive feature of this vehicle is acceleration. The car can go from 0 to 60 miles per hour in 3.9 seconds. It can also reach a top speed of about 130 miles per hour and the company claims that the vehicle can register a maximum range of 220 miles per charge. What is the name of the world`s first commercially available battery electric sports car?
Spices
The quest for this product was one of the earliest drivers of globalization. Long before the great voyages of European explorers, these were globally traded products that created a global economic network in the Middle Ages.
HDTV
This is a high-quality video standard developed to replace older video formats; with its video quality as one of the most noticeable improvements. It uses a digital signal instead of an analog signal.
Worldbeat
This is a music genre that primarily refers to a blending of Western pop music with traditional/folk or world music. It emerged in the mid-1980s and encompasses an ever-widening range of ethnic diversity.
Silicon valley
This is a nickname for the southern portion of the San Francisco Bay Area, in the northern part of the U.S. state of California. It is an area of high technological and scientific development, and home to many of the world's largest high-tech corporations and thousands of startup companies, accounting for one-third of all of the venture capital investment in the United States.
The hyperloop
This is a solar-powered, city-to-city elevated transit system that could take passengers and cars, via aluminum pods enclosed inside of steel tubes, from Los Angeles to San Francisco in 30 minutes. Name this superfast mode of inter-city transportation proposed by Elon Musk, chief executive of Tesla Motors and SpaceX.
Smart tv
This is a television set or with integrated Internet and "Web 2.0" features, and is an technological convergence between computers and television sets. Besides the traditional functions of television sets provided through traditional broadcasting media, these devices can also provide Internet TV, online interactive media, over-the-top content, as well as on-demand streaming media, and home networking access.
Tesla
This is an American automotive and renewable energy storage company that designs, manufactures, and sells electric cars, electric vehicle powertrain components, and battery products. CEO Elon Musk has said that he envisions his company as an independent automaker, aimed at eventually offering electric cars at prices affordable to the average consumer.
Uber
This is an American multinational online transportation network company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It develops, markets, and operates their mobile app, which allows consumers with smartphones to submit a trip request which is then routed to one of their drivers who use their own cars. As of May 2016, the service was available in over 66 countries and 449 cities worldwide.
Watson
This is an artificially intelligent computer system developed by IBM, capable of answering questions posed in natural language. The computer system was specifically developed to answer questions on the quiz show Jeopardy! In 2011, it competed on Jeopardy! against former winners Brad Rutter and Ken Jennings. It received the first prize of $1 million.
WTO
This is an international organization which oversees a large number of agreements defining the "rules of trade" between member states.
Nearshoring
This is the outsourcing of business processes, especially information technology processes, to companies in a nearby country, often sharing a border with the target country. This means that the business has shifted work to a lower cost organization, but within its own region, which allows both parties to benefit from one or more of the following dimensions of proximity: geographic, similar time zone, cultural, social, linguistic, economic, political, or historical connections.
Offshoring
This is the outsourcing or relocation of a business process to a foreign, distant organization in order to reduce production costs — typically an operational process, such as manufacturing, or supporting processes, such as accounting.
Tag
This keyword or term is associated with a piece of information in blogs, websites, and serves as an internet bookmark.
Transformer
To solve the problem of sending electricity over long distances, George Westinghouse funded the development of this device that allowed electricity to be efficiently transmitted over long distances. This made it possible to supply electricity to homes and businesses located far from the electric generating plant. Name this device.
Hedy lamarr
Today the frequency-hopping idea serves as a basis for modern spread-spectrum communication technology, such as Bluetooth, COFDM used in Wi-Fi network connections, and CDMA used in some cordless and wireless telephones. What actress was awarded a patent for a radio-controlled torpedo-guidance system in 1941?
The four Asian tigers
What is the term used in reference to the highly developed economies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan? These nations and areas were notable for maintaining exceptionally high growth rates (in excess of 7 percent a year) and rapid industrialization between the early 1960s and 1990s.
cultural globalization
What kind of globalization is driven by communication technology and the worldwide marketing of Western goods and ideas?
IGO
What kind of organizations, such as the UN and NATO, are formed by restricted membership?
Sixth sense
When perfected this technology will essentially allow you to access information from the Internet and project it on any surface, including your hand. It reads human gestures and turns any surface into an interactive screen. It senses objects around you, reads your hand gestures and immediately displays relevant information.
Hacker
While this term originally referred to a clever or expert programmer, it is now more commonly used to refer to someone who can gain unauthorized access to other computers.
Outsourcing
In business, this involves the contracting out of a business process and/or non-core functions, like payroll processing or call center support, to another party. This includes both foreign and domestic contracting and sometimes includes offshoring or nearshoring.
Ai
In computer science, this term refers to when a machine mimics "cognitive" functions that humans associate with other human minds, such as "learning" and "problem solving." The central goals of this research include reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, natural language processing (communication), perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects.
A cookie
In computer terminology, this is data sent to your computer by a Web server that records your actions on a certain Web site.
eLEGS
On October 7, 2010, Berkeley Bionics unveiled an exoskeleton system that allows paraplegics and those with mobility disorders to stand and walk. Name these powered exoskeletons that allow wearers to walk upright with little physical exertion.
Oculus rift
Palmer Luckey, is the 21-year-old founder of Oculus VR. His company has developed an affordable virtual-reality headset for playing ultra-immersive video games. While video games are where this improved virtual-reality technology is likely to take off first, it could also have applications in telepresence, architecture, computer-aided design, emergency response training, and phobia therapy. What is the name of this VR headset?
Commercial telephone
The first of these services was set up in 1878 and 1879 on both sides of the Atlantic in the cities of New Haven, Connecticut and London, England.
Tomato
The symbol of Italian cuisine, staple of many Mexican dishes, and the perfect condiment for a burger, was originally found in Peru. Today, the U.S., China, Turkey, Italy, and India are the top five producing countries.
Emojis
These are graphic symbols and smileys used in electronic messages and Web pages. The characters exist in various genres, including facial expressions, common objects, places and types of weather, and animals.
An avatar
This is an online character that represents a person. For example, games like World of Warcraft and the Sims Online allow players to create these custom characters.
Protectionism
This is the effort to shield domestic producers against foreign competition via tariffs, quotas, etc.
Trojan horse
This might appear to be a computer game, but once you double-click it, the program starts writing over certain parts of your hard drive, corrupting your data. Unlike viruses, however, these don`t replicate themselves.
The digital divide
This refers to an economic and social inequality with regard to access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies. The inequalities can occur within a single country between individuals, households, businesses, or geographic areas. The inequalities can also occur between differing countries or regions of the world.
JPEG
This term actually stands for the name of the committee that developed the format, but most of us know it as a compressed image file format. What is it?
Global village
This term, coined by Marshall McLuhan in his book, The Gutenberg Galaxy, describes the trend of electronic mass media collapsing space and time barriers in human communication to enable people to communicate on a global scale.
ENIAC
This was the name of the first electronic general-purpose computer. It was formally dedicated at the University of Pennsylvania on February 15, 1946 and was heralded as a "Giant Brain" by the press. Its speed and programmability allowed for thousands more calculations for problems, as it calculated artillery firing tables for the United States Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory. What normally took a human 20 hours to calculate was now being calculated in only 30 seconds (a 2400x increase in speed).
The Neolithic Revolution
This was the wide-scale transition of many human cultures from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to agriculture and settlement. What was the first agricultural revolution that occurred in the Middle East called?
Tobacco
American Indians introduced this to European explorers, sailors and settlers, but it would never have made the jump to European culture without the help of physicians. They seized upon the notion that many American Indian cultures valued it as a powerful healing agent. Their zeal for finding herbal remedies, these doctors did not realize that they were promoting major source of disease.
Intellectual property
Because of global access to the internet, this has been sold, shared, and even stolen. It includes copyrights, trademarks, and patents.
The mouse or the computer mouse
Doug Engelbart received a patent in 1970 for his invention of a wooden shell with two metal wheels which he had developed with Bill English, his lead engineer, a few years earlier. What is this invention better known as?
Islamic golden age
During this historical period, lasting from c. 750 CE to c. 1257 CE, another stage of globalization was added when Muslim traders and explorers established trade routes, resulting in a globalization of agriculture, trade, knowledge and technology.
Biometric authentication
Examples of this technology include fingerprint and facial recognition that allows you access to your phone or computer without typing in a password. What is this technology that essentially turns your body into a password?
Megafarms
Globalization has reduced demand and halted growth for small-scale manufacturing and production. For example, many American farmers now grow food for large farms owned by corporations, rather than small family-owned farms. What are these large farms called?
Blog
It is maintained by an individual or group with regular entries of commentary or description of atopic of interest with added graphics or videos. It can also be used as a verb to describe the action of adding content.
Yahoo
It was founded in January 1994 by Jerry Yang and David Filo, who were Electrical Engineering graduate students when they created a website named "Jerry and David`s Guide to the World Wide Web." What was the name of this well know search engine changed to?
Atlas
Name the humanoid robot created by Boston Dynamics that can walk across rough terrain and run on flat ground. This robot has an exceptional sense of balance and can stabilize itself with ease, demonstrating the ability to move around human environments safely and easily, which could eventually be very valuable in emergency rescue operations and in helping elderly or physically disabled people with chores and daily tasks in the home.
Solar roadways
Name the startup company based in Sandpoint, Idaho, that is developing solar powered road panels to form a smart highway. Their technology combines a transparent driving surface with underlying solar cells, electronics and sensors to act as a solar array with programmable capability. Solar Roadways Inc is working to develop and commercially produce road panels which are made from recycled materials and incorporate photovoltaic cells.
Tea
Native to Asia, it reached Europe in 1606, after Dutch traders sent a bulk shipment. Within a century, this caffeinated drink became a popular beverage. The globalization of this product carries a history of international intrigues, monopolies, wars and ethnic displacements.
Smart contact lenses
Our dream is to use the latest technology in the miniaturization of electronics to help improve the quality of life for millions of people, Google co-founder Sergey Brin said. What product is Google developing with pharmaceutical giant Novartis, to help patients manage diabetes? In the future this technology as a whole could be used to manage human diseases by mapping diseases in the body using a range of other devices
Sentinel program
The B612 Foundation is a private foundation dedicated to protecting the Earth from asteroid strikes. What program is the cornerstone of the Foundation`s efforts? It`s mission is to catalog 90% of asteroids with diameters larger than 460 ft., though they also plan to map smaller asteroids as well. December 2016 is its tentative launch date.
SCORE
The world`s first communications satellite was launched in an Atlas rocket on December 18, 1958. It provided the first test of a communications relay system in space and captured the world's attention by broadcasting a Christmas message from President Eisenhower through an on-board tape recorder. Name the world's first communications satellite.
McDonalds
The worldwide expansion of what American food chain has become a symbol of globalization? Some menu items are the same all over the world, while other menu items are specific to the particular country. Globalization has brought this company to billions of consumers worldwide.
Analog and digital
There are two answers to this question: In communication systems, there are two types of communication signals. The first signal is varied continuously with respect to the information. In the second signal the information is encoded as a set of discrete values (for example, a set of ones and zeros). Name these two types of signals in the order of their description.
Social media
These are computer-mediated tools that allow people, companies and other organizations to create, share, or exchange information, career interests, ideas, and pictures / videos in virtual communities and networks. These operate in a dialogic transmission system (many sources to many receivers). A few examples include Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Snapchat.
Free trade zone
These are selected areas in industrializing countries marked by low taxes and tariffs, subsidized infrastructure, exemption from some regulations, designed to attract direct foreign investment, and stimulate growth.
Nanowires
These are spaghetti like structures, made of materials such as copper or silicon. They are just a few atoms thick and can be readily engineered into tangled networks. Researchers worldwide are investigating the possibility that what hold the future of energy production (solar cells) and could deliver the next generation of computers?
USB flash drive
These are typically removable and rewritable and are used for the same purposes for which floppy disks or CD-ROMs are used. They are smaller, faster, have thousands of times more capacity, and are more durable and reliable.
Neuromorphic chips
These chips - so named because they are modeled on biological brains - will be designed to process sensory data such as images and sound and to respond to changes in that data in ways not specifically programmed. They promise to accelerate decades of fitful progress in artificial intelligence and lead to machines that are able to understand and interact with the world in human-like ways. Name these chips.
Phishers
They attempt to steal your personal information. They send out e-mails that appear to come from legitimate websites such as eBay, PayPal, or other banking institutions. The e-mails state that your information needs to be updated or validated and asks that you enter sensitive personal information including SS numbers and credit card numbers.
USAID
This US government agency is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid. It seeks to "extend a helping hand to those people overseas struggling to make a better life, recover from a disaster or striving to live in a free and democratic country." Its stated goals include providing "economic, development, and humanitarian assistance in support of the foreign policy goals of the United States."
COMSAT
This artificial object is stationed in space and uses radio at microwave frequencies for the purposes of telecommunications. Name this artificial object.
Symbolic.com
This domain name was originally registered on March 15, 1985, making it the first .com-domain in the world.
Wiki leaks
This international online self-described not-for-profit organization publishes submissions of private, secret, and classified media from anonymous news sources, news leaks, and whistleblowers.
This is a business-oriented social networking website.
Voice command device
This is a device controlled by means of the human voice. By removing the need to use buttons, dials and switches, consumers can easily operate appliances with their hands full or while doing other tasks. These can be found in mobile phones, cars, call centers, and internet search engines such as Google. Examples of these devises include Google Home and Amazon Echo that allows your voice to start playing your favorite music, add items to your on-line shopping cart, and even get the weather forecast for the day.
A template
This is a file that serves as a starting point for a new document and it is pre-formatted in some way. For example, you might use one of these in Microsoft Word when you want to write a resume or a business letter.
Hashtag
This is a type of label used on social network and microblogging services which makes it easier for users to find messages with a specific theme or content. Users create and use this label by placing this symbol in front of a word or unspaced phrase, either in the main text of a message or at the end. Searching for these words of phrases will yield each message that has been labeled with it.
Self-driving car
This is a vehicle that is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input. Advanced control systems interpret sensory information to identify appropriate navigation paths, as well as other cars on the road, various obstacles, and relevant signage. Google and Tesla Motors are the top two companies that are racing to perfect this technology for vehicles by the year 2020.
Bluetooth
This is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices, and building personal area networks (PANs). Two of the many applications of this technology include the wireless control of and communication between a mobile phone and a handsfree headset and between a mobile phone and a compatible car stereo system.
Snapchat
This is an image messaging and multimedia mobile application created by three students at Stanford University in April 2011. It is primarily used for creating multimedia messages that can consist of a photo or a short video, and can be edited to include filters and effects, text captions, and drawings. According to reports in May 2016, the company's estimated worth was said to be approaching $22 billion.
Biotechnology
This is any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.
Adware
This is software that is supported by advertisements. It is free to use, but requires you to watch advertisements as long as the programs are open. Since the ads often allow you to click to a Web site, it typically requires an active Internet connection to run.
A bit
This is the basic unit of information in computing and telecommunications; it is the amount of information stored by a digital device or other physical system that exists in one of two possible distinct states.
Kinect
This is the name of a line of motion sensing input devices by Microsoft for Xbox 360 and Xbox One video game consoles and Windows PCs. It is based around a webcam-style add-on peripheral, it enables users to control and interact with their console or computer without the need for a game controller, through a natural user interface using gestures and spoken commands.
Telecommunication
This is the transmission of signs, signals, writings, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems. This industry has had a significant social, cultural, and economic impact on modern society. In 2008, estimates placed the industry's revenue at $4.7 trillion.
This popular social networking website was originally designed for college students, but is now open to anyone 13 years of age or older. Its users can create and customize their own profiles with photos, videos, and information about themselves. In May of 2012 it offered its first IPO.
WAN AND LAN
This question has two answers: First, what is a telecommunication network that covers a broad area, for example any network that links across metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries? Second, what is a collection of two or more computers that are located within a limited distance of each other and are connected to each other directly or indirectly?
The hubble
This reflecting telescope was launched into orbit on April 24, 1990. It advantage of digital cameras and satellite communications to give jaw dropping views of space that were free from the interference of the earth`s atmosphere and light pollution. More than 200 years after Galileo pointed his telescope skyward, people could see space from the heavens. Name this $2.5 billion dollar telescope.
A cache
This stores recently-used information in a place where it can be accessed extremely fast. For example, a Web browser like Internet Explorer uses this to store the pages, images, and URLs of recently visited Web sites on your hard drive.
The silk road
Trade links between the Roman Empire, the Parthian Empire, and the Han Dynasty are ancient indications of the need for man to globalize. The increasing commercial links between these powers took form in this 7000 mile route, which started in western China, reached the boundaries of the Parthian Empire, and continued to Rome.
The pilot
Waverly Labs has designed a 'smart earpiece' and corresponding app that uses speech-recognition technology to translate in real time. The idea is that when language gets in the way, both people would put in an earpiece and speak in their preferred tongue. The technology translates the conversation so that two people speaking different languages can have a conversation without missing a beat. What is the name of this earpiece technology?
Computer hardware
We refer to the physical parts of a computer and related devices by what term?
A mobile phone
What invention originally sold for a price of $3,995 and weighed two pounds, receiving the nickname "the brick"?
Java
What is a programming language from Sun MicroSystems designed primarily for writing software to live on the web, or download to computers?
A communications network
What is the collection of transmitters, receivers, and communications channels that send messages to one another?
Router
What is the device which connects at least two computer networks and sends data from one to the other?
The brain drain
What is the migration of skilled workers called? For example, the US welcomes many nurses to come work in this country, this means that some 400,000 European science and technology graduates now live in the U.S. and most have no intention to return to Europe.
Proto-Globalization
What is the name of the early modern globalization period roughly spanning the years between 1600 and 1800? It distinguished itself from modern globalization on the basis of expansionism.
What is the online social networking service and microblogging service that enables its users to send and read text-based posts of up to 140 characters? It has been cited as an important factor in the Arab Spring and other political protests.
Nanotechnology
What is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale?
World wide web
What is the system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet called?
Cyberspace
What is the term credited to author William Gibson in 1984 which describes the imaginary place where e-mails, web pages, etc., go to while they are being sent between computers?
SWIFT
What organization, begun in Belgium in 1973, assures a reliable global electronic financial system? It provides a network that enables financial institutions worldwide to send and receive information about financial transactions in a secure, standardized and reliable environment.
Fiber optics
What technology enables data, including voices captured in digital form, to be converted into tiny pulses of light and then transmitted at high speeds through glass fibers wrapped into large capacity telecommunication cables?
religious movements
What were among the earliest cultural forces to globalize? They were spread by force, migration, evangelists, imperialists and traders and have influenced cultures in places far from their origins.
Mandarin
With almost one billion speakers, which represent about 14.4% of the world's population, this language claims the top spot as the world's most common language. It is one of the five major dialects of Chinese and is the official language of China and Taiwan, as well as one of the four official dialects of Singapore.
