Gods and goddesses quizlet

Ocean

A titan that was the lord of the river ocean. Which is a great river encircling the earth. His wife, also a Titan, was Tethys. The Oceanids, the nymphs of this great river, were their daughters. The gods of all the rivers on earth were their sons."

Demeter

Goddess of corn and a supreme deity of earth alongside Dionysus; daughter of Cronus and Rhea

Iris

Goddess of the rainbow and a messenger of the gods.

The Fates

Goddesses that give to men at birth evil and good to have. They were three, Clotho, the Spinner, who spun the thread of life; Lachesis, the Disposer of Lots, who assigned to each man his destiny; Atropos, she who could not be turned, who carried the abhorrèd shears and cut the thread at death.

Haephestus

He is The God of Fire, sometimes said to be the son of Zeus and Hera, sometimes of Hera alone, who bore him in retaliation for Zeus's having brought forth Athena. Among the perfectly beautiful immortals he only was ugly and lame

Poseidon/Neptune

He is the god of water and the sea. He is the other son to Cronus and brother to Hades and Zeus.

Apollo

He is the son of Zeus and Leto and was born on the island of Delos. "He has been called "the most Greek of all the gods." the master musician who delights Olympus as he plays on his golden lyre; the lord too of the silver bow, the Archer-god, far-shooting; the Healer, as well, who first taught men the healing art. Even more than of these good and lovely endowments, he is the God of Light, in whom is no darkness at all, and so he is the God of Truth. No false word ever falls from his lips."

Janus

He too, was originally one of the Numina, the god of good beginnings, which are sure to result in good endings. He became personified to a certain degree. His chief temple in Rome ran east and west, where the day begins and ends, and had two doors, between which stood his statue with two faces, one young and one old.

Silenus

He was sometimes said to be Pan's son; sometimes his brother, a son of Hermes. He was a jovial fat old man who usually rode an ass because he was too drunk to walk. He is associated with Bacchus as well as with Pan

Proteus

He was sometimes said to be Poseidon's son, sometimes his attendant. He had the power both of foretelling the future and of changing his shape at will.

Pan

He was the chief. He was Hermes' son; a noisy, merry god, the Homeric Hymn in his honor calls him; but he was part animal too, with a goat's horns, and goat's hoofs instead of feet. He was the goatherds' god, and the shepherds' god, and also the gay companion of the woodland nymphs when they danced.

Nereus

Old Man of the Sea (the Mediterranean)—A trusty god and gentle, Hesiod says, who thinks just and kindly thoughts and never lies. His wife was Doris, a daughter of Ocean. They had fifty lovely daughters, the nymphs of the Sea, called NEREIDS from their father's name, one of whom, THETIS, was the mother of Achilles. Poseidon's wife, AMPHITRITE, was another.

Numina

Powerful spirits or divine forces that the earliest Romans thought resided in everything around them

The three judges

Rhadamanthus, Minos, and Aeacus, who pass sentence and send the wicked to everlasting torment and the good to a place of blessedness called the Elysian Fields.

Lucina

Roman goddess of childbirth

Faunus

Saturn's grandson and god of all animals. He was a sort of Roman Pan, a rustic god. He was a prophet too, and spoke to men in their dreams.

Satyrs/Fauns

Satyrs were male creatures who inhabited woodlands and forests in Greek mythology. They often accompanied Dionysos, and were frequently depicted in art and myth as members of the god's ecstatic entourage (an entourage, by the way, which included not only satyrs but the wild women known as Maenads or Bacchantes). In addition, the satyrs as a group were passionately fond of females - especially nymphs, those gentle and beautiful nature spirits

The caminae

She began as useful and practical goddesses who cared for springs and wells and cured disease and foretold the future. But when the Greek gods came to Rome, the Camenae were identified with those impractical deities the Muses, who cared only for art and science. Egeria who taught King Numa was said to be a Camena

Hestia/Vesta

She is The goddess of hearth, home, architecture, domesticity, family, and the state."She was Zeus's sister, and like Athena and Artemis a virgin goddess. She has no distinct personality and she plays no part in the myths. She was the symbol of the home, around which the newborn child must be carried before it could be received into the family. Every meal began and ended with an offering to her."

Hera/Juno

She is Zeus' wife and sister. She was brought up by the titans Ocean and Tethys. She is the goddess of marriage and queen of Olympus. She is most known for punishing the women that Zeus falls in love with.

Aphrodite/Venus

She is the Greek goddess of love and beauty. She is The daughter of Zeus and Dione

Athena/Minerva

She is the daughter of Zeus alone and she has no mother. She is the goddess of wisdom and war and has been nicknamed "the ruthless battle-goddess". She was Zeus' favorite child in is only war-like when it comes to protection civilized cultures and civilizations.

Triton

TRITON was the trumpeter of the Sea. His trumpet was a great shell. He was the son of Poseidon and Amphitrite.

2 divisions of the underworld

Tartarus and Erebus are sometimes two divisions of the underworld, Tartarus the deeper of the two, the prison of the Sons of Earth; Erebus where the dead pass as soon as they die.

Ares/Mars

The God of War, son of Zeus and Hera, both of whom detested him.

Dionysus

The God of the Vine, also called BACCHUS, a supreme deity of earth alongside Demeter and was very important in Greek and Roman mythology

Hades/Pluto

The god of the underworld who rules over the dead. He is another son of Cronus and brother to Zeus and Poseidon

Zeus (Jupiter)

The god of thunder and lightning. He is the main ruler of Olympus and is the son of Cronus and brother to both Hades and Poseidon.

Eros/Cupid

The lesser god of love.

Hebe

The lesser goddess of youth. The daughter of Zeus and Hera

The Muses

The nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne.they were the goddesses of poetic inspiration, the adored deities of song, dance, and memory, on whose mercy the creativity, wisdom and insight of all artists and thinkers depended.

The graces

The three goddesses Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia. The daughters of Zeus and Eurynome. They were three goddesses of grace, beauty, adornment, joy, mirth, festivity, dance and song.

Cronus/Saturn

The titan that became a ruler of the titans and his son is Zeus. He is known for try to eat his children so that they would not overthrow him however Zeus (Jupiter), Hades, and Poseidon escaped his grasp and eventually defeated him

Sirens

They lived on an island in the Sea. They had enchanting voices and their singing lured sailors to their death. It was not known what they looked like, for no one who saw them ever returned.

The three rivers

They separate the underworld from the world above: Phlegethon, the river of fire; Styx, the river of the unbreakable oath by which the gods swear; and Lethe, the river of forgetfulness.

The gorgons

They were also earth-dwellers. There were three, and two of them were immortal. They were dragonlike creatures with wings, whose look turned men to stone. Phorcys, son of the Sea and the Earth, was their father

The Erinyes

They were placed by Virgil in the underworld, where they punish evildoers. The Greek poets thought of them chiefly as pursuing sinners on the earth. They were inexorable, but just

Hermes/Mercury

Zeus was his father and Maia, daughter of Atlas, his mother. He is the god of trade, wealth, luck, fertility, animal husbandry, sleep, language, thieves, and travel

Artemis/Diana

Apollo's twin sister and daughter of Zeus and Leto. 1 of the 3 maiden goddesses. She is the goddess of Hunt, Forests and Hills, the Moon, Archery. she is referred to as "Huntsman-in-chief to the gods, an odd office for a woman. Like a good huntsman, she was careful to preserve the young; she was "the protectress of dewy youth" everywhere. Nevertheless, with one of those startling contradictions so common in mythology, she kept the Greek Fleet from sailing to Troy until they sacrificed a maiden to her. In many another story, too, she is fierce and revengeful. On the other hand, when women died a swift and painless death, they were held to have been slain by her silver arrows."

Charon

Ferryman of the underworld

Quirinus

Founder of Rome; also known as Romulus

Leucothia, palaemon, and Glaucas

LEUCOTHEA and her son PALAEMON, once mortals, became divinities of the sea, as did also GLAUCUS, but all three were unimportant.

Ponoma and Vertumnus

began as Numina, as Powers Protecting Orchards and Gardens. But they were personified later and a story was told about how they fell in love with each other.

Centaurs

half man half horse creatures that were more beast than man however one centaur by the name of Chiron was known for his wisdom and goodness.

Pontus

means the Deep Sea, was a son of Mother Earth and the father of NEREUS, a sea-god far more important than he himself was.

The lemures/Larvae

spirits of the wicked dead in Hades

Virgil

the only poet who gives clearly the geography of the underworld

The manes

the spirits of the good dead in Hades. Sometimes they were regarded as divine and worshiped.

Naiads

they were also water nymphs. They dwelt in brooks and springs and fountains.

Cerberus

three-headed, dragon-tailed dog, who permits all spirits to enter, but none to return.

Saturn

was originally one of the Numina, the Protector of the Sowers and the Seed, as his wife OPS was a Harvest Helper. In later days, he was said to be the same as the Greek Cronus and the father of Jupiter, the Roman Zeus.

The Graiae

were the gorgon's sisters, three gray women who had but one eye between them. They lived on the farther bank of Ocean."

Brothers Castor and Pollux

who in most of the accounts were said to live half of their time on earth and half in heaven. They were the sons of LEDA, and are usually represented as being gods, the special protectors of sailors. Referred to as the Gemini twins

Persephone

wife of Hades; queen of underworld; daughter of Demeter