Government

What best describes the type of government the United States has?

Democratic Republic

This right of privacy Supreme Court case imposed restrictions on the use of state funds, facilities, and employees in performing, assisting with, or counseling regarding abortions

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services

What best describes Michigan's 2020 Proposal 2?

A proposed constitutional amendment to require a search warrant in order to access a person's electronic data or electronic communications

Who is the Michigan Congressman for the 2nd Congressional district that is up for re-election this year?

Bill Huizenga

This Supreme Court right of privacy case protects the liberty of married couples to buy and use contraceptives without government restriction.

Griswold v. Connecticut

Article One of the Constitution, which includes the Senate & the House of Representatives is part of what branch of our government?

Legislative

"May it . . . please your most excellent Majesty, that it may be declared . . . in this present parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, That the said colonies and plantations in America have been, are, and of right ought to be, subordinate unto, and dependent upon the imperial crown and parliament of Great Britain; . . . and [they] of right ought to have, full power and authority to make laws and statutes of sufficient force and validity to bind the colonies and people of America, subjects of the crown of Great Britain, in all cases whatsoever." --The Declaratory Act, passed by the British Parliament in 1766. British actions like the Declaratory Act, Stamp Act, and Tea Act were caused by

debates over how Britain's colonies should pay the cost of the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War)

Use the excerpt below to answer the question ."Should all the states adopt it, it will be then a government established by the thirteen states of America, not through the intervention of the legislatures, but by the people at large. . . . Thus it is of a complicated nature; and this complication, I trust, will be found to exclude the evils of absolute consolidation, as well as of a mere confederacy. If Virginia was separated from all the states, her power and authority would extend to all cases: in like manner, were all powers vested in the general government, it would be a consolidated government; but the powers of the federal government are enumerated; it can only operate in certain cases; it has legislative powers on defined and limited objects, beyond which it cannot extend its jurisdiction." --James Madison, in defense of the proposed Constitution at the Virginia state convention on the adoption of the Federal Constitution, 1788. Which of the following issues of the period was Madison most likely concerned within the excerpt?

weaknesses of the articles of confederation

The first amendment guarantees freedom of ____.

religion

What United States Constitutional Amendment gives powers to the state governments that are not specifically given to the federal government?

10th

The phrase: "No state shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law" is part of what Constitutional amendment?

14th

How many electoral college votes does a Presidential candidate need to win the Presidency?

270

What is a swing state?

A state in which may vote democratic or republican in a given election.

All of the following are swing states in the 2020 election EXCEPT:

Alabama

"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness." --Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, 1776. The excerpt was written in response to the

British governments attempt to assert greater greater greater control over the North American colonies

Who is the Michigan Senator that is up for re-election this year?

Gary Peters

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. "America is an idea—one that has endured and evolved through war and depression, prevailed over fascism and communism, and radiated hope to far distant corners of the earth. Americans believe that diversity is our greatest strength. That protest is among the highest forms of patriotism. That our fates and fortunes are bound to rise and fall together. That even when we fall short of our highest ideals, we never stop trying to build a more perfect union. When the American people go to the polls this fall, we will be choosing more than a candidate. Character is on the ballot in this election. The character of our President, yes, but more than that: the character of our democracy, our society, and our leadership in the world." The excerpt describes the preamble of what political parties platform?

Democratic party

The idea that the government cannot deprive you of life, liberty or property without due process of law is known as:

Due Process

What Supreme Court case deals with prayer in school?

Engel v. Vitale

"[H]istory and experience prove that foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of republican government. . . . Excessive partiality for one foreign nation and excessive dislike of another cause those whom they actuate to see danger only on one side and serve to veil and even second the arts of influence on the other. . . . The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign nations, is in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns." --George Washington, Farewell Address, 1796. Washington promotes which of the following approaches to foreign policy?

Neutrality

What Supreme Court case said that government cannot censor the press?

New York Times Co. v United States

"When in the Course of human events it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel [force] them to the separation." --The Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson, 1776. Which of the following does the excerpt above imply?

People have the right to form their own government

This right of privacy case added provisions regarding abortions such as the requirement for a waiting period, spousal notice, and (for minors) parental consent prior to undergoing an abortion procedure

Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey

"It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."--Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, November, 1863. The "new birth of freedom" Lincoln refers to was best shown through which of the following?

Ratification of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth amendments

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. "We believe in American exceptionalism. We believe the United States of America is unlike any other nation on earth. We believe America is exceptional because of our historic role — first as refuge, then as defender, and now as exemplar of liberty for the world to see. We affirm — as did the Declaration of Independence: that all are created equal, endowed by their Creator with inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. We believe in the Constitution as our founding document. We believe the Constitution was written not as a flexible document, but as our enduring covenant." The excerpt describes the preamble of what political parties platform?

Republican Party

What type of speech that is NOT protected by the Constitution?

Seditious

What Supreme Court case protects flag burning as free speech?

Texas v. Johnson

"Some men look at constitutions with sanctimonious reverence, and deem them like the ark of the covenant, too sacred to be touched. They ascribe to the men of the preceding age a wisdom more than human, and suppose what they did to be beyond amendment....But I know also, that laws and institutions must go hand in hand with the progress of the human mind. As that becomes more developed, more enlightened, as new discoveries are made, new truths disclosed, and manners and opinions change with the change of circumstances, institutions must advance also, and keep pace with the times."--Thomas Jefferson, 1816. Which of the following Amendments to the Constitution is most directly an example of the sentiments expressed above?

The Twenty-first amendment, which repeated the prohibition of alcohol

"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness." --Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence, 1776. The ideas about government expressed in the excerpt are most consistent with which of the following?

The ideas of Enlightenment

"May it . . . please your most excellent Majesty, that it may be declared . . . in this present parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, That the said colonies and plantations in America have been, are, and of right ought to be, subordinate unto, and dependent upon the imperial crown and parliament of Great Britain; . . . and [they] of right ought to have, full power and authority to make laws and statutes of sufficient force and validity to bind the colonies and people of America, subjects of the crown of Great Britain, in all cases whatsoever." --The Declaratory Act, passed by the British Parliament in 1766. Which of the following was the American colonists' immediate response to the attempts of the British Parliament to enforce the claims made in the excerpt and that of other actions like the Stamp Act and the Tea Act?

They initiated boycotts of imported British goods and protested their actions

"Some men look at constitutions with sanctimonious reverence, and deem them like the ark of the covenant, too sacred to be touched. They ascribe to the men of the preceding age a wisdom more than human, and suppose what they did to be beyond amendment....But I know also, that laws and institutions must go hand in hand with the progress of the human mind. As that becomes more developed, more enlightened, as new discoveries are made, new truths disclosed, and manners and opinions change with the change of circumstances, institutions must advance also, and keep pace with the times."--Thomas Jefferson, 1816. Which of the following best describes a contributing factor in the crafting of the United States Constitution?

The weakness of the Articles of Confederation led James Madison to question their efficacy and prompted a formation of the constitutional congress in 1787

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. "The Anti-Federalists charged that the authors of the Constitution had failed to put up strong enough barriers to block this inevitably corrupting and tyrannical force. They painted a very black picture indeed of what the national representatives might and probably would do with the unchecked power conferred upon them under the provisions of the new Constitution. . . . But [the Anti-Federalists] lacked both the faith and the vision to extend their principles nationwide." --Cecelia M. Kenyon, historian, "Men of Little Faith: The Anti-Federalists on the Nature of Representative Government," 1955. During the constitutional ratification process, Anti-Federalists' concerns, as described in the excerpt, were most directly addressed by an agreement to

adopt the Bill of Rights

By a faction, I understand a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adversed to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community. There are two methods of curing the mischiefs of faction: the one, by removing its causes; the other, by controlling its effects. There are again two methods of removing the causes of faction: the one, by destroying the liberty which is essential to its existence; the other, by giving to every citizen the same opinions, the same passions, and the same interests. -- James Madison, Federalist 10. According to Federalist No. 10, Madison thought the most effective way to control factions was

eliminating the source of their grievances

"To what expedient, then, shall we finally resort, for maintaining in practice the necessary partition of power among the several departments, as laid down in the Constitution? The only answer that can be given is, that as all these exterior provisions are found to be inadequate, the defect must be supplied, by so contriving the interior structure of the government as that its several constituent parts may, by their mutual relations, be the means of keeping each other in their proper places. We must create a stronger system."--Publius (James Madison), The Federalist Papers, no. 51, 1788. The excerpt was most likely intended to do which of the following?

encourage states delegates to ratify the constitution

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. "In the name of God, Amen. We, whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland, king, defender of the faith, etc. having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith, and honor of our king and country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the Northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents solemnly and mutually in the presence of God and one of another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation, and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute, and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony unto which we promise all due submission and obedience." --Mayflower Compact, 1620. One purpose of the Mayflower Compact was too

establish a social contract among settlers of Plymouth Colony

In Federalist 70, Alexander Hamilton argues for the importance of having a unitary _____, which would provide the branch of government with "both energy and safety" as well as ensure accountability in government & enable the ability to defend against encroachments from other parts of government. 1 point

executive

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. "It may be a reflection on human nature, that such devices should be necessary to control the abuses of government. But what is government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself." --The Federalist Papers, No. 51, 1788. The ideas about government expressed in the excerpt and the main idea of Federalist 51 is:

the concept of checks and balances

Use the excerpt below to answer the question. "When the Articles of Confederation were drafted, Americans had had little experience of what a national government could do for them and bitter experience of what an arbitrary government could do to them. In creating a central government they were therefore more concerned with keeping it under control than with giving it the means to do its job". --Source: Edmund S. Morgan, The Birth of the Republic, 1763-89, 1956. What was one major weakness of the Articles of Confederation

the national government could not levy taxes on the people

"[H]istory and experience prove that foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of republican government. . . . Excessive partiality for one foreign nation and excessive dislike of another cause those whom they actuate to see danger only on one side and serve to veil and even second the arts of influence on the other. . . . The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign nations, is in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns." --George Washington, Farewell Address, 1796. What major theme did Washington discuss in his Farewell Address?

the problem of political faction

Use the excerpt below to answer question 19."To describe the present state and circumstances of the Union we may declare in one word that we are at the Eve of a Bankruptcy and of a total dissolution of Government. Since the close of the war there has not been paid into the general Treasury as much money as was necessary for one years interest of the domestic and foreign debt and Congress have been reduced to the dreadful alternative of borrowing principal to pay interest. Our efforts at home to this end were ineffectual abroad where we were not known and, where enthusiasm for liberty has enrolled us among the most deserving of mankind, we were more successful. The deception cannot much longer be kept up and unless something can be done before the close of the ensuing year we must cease to be a unified government. This 'treaty of friendship' is not working.""--Source: William Blount, speech to the General Assembly of North Carolina, 1787. The ideas in the excerpt most directly contributed to which of the following?

the ratification of the United States Constitution