Government Test Chapter 1

anarchy

(n) a lack of government and law; confusion

Dictatorship

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator

Monarchy

A government ruled by a king or queen

Federal System

A government that divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial governments

unitary system

A government that gives all key powers to the national or central government

Confederate system

A system of government with a very weak central government and strong states.

Social Contract Theory

A voluntary agreement between the government and the governed

Constitution

A written plan of government

Capitalism

An economic system based on private ownership of capital

mixed economy

An economy in which private enterprise exists in combination

Democratic socialists prefer a government that makes economic decisions in order to

Benefit most people

n which type of economic system does government play the smallest role?

Capitalism

Which of these terms would best represent Karl Marx's theory of communism?

Common Property

Soclalism

Economic system in which the government owns the basic means of production, distributes the products and wages and provides social services such as health care

Entrepreneurs use distributors to purchase resources and invest in the production of goods. T or F

False

In a laissez-faire economic approach, the government is heavily involved in regulating business. T or F

False

Many countries are considered mixed economies that combine elements of capitalism with elements of communism. T or F

False

Name three principles of democracy. What makes each so important?

Free and fair elections- to void obstacles and is held every few years. Limited government and a bill of rights- Limits the government power. Competing political parties- makes elections meaningful.

What does the Declaration of Independence say about the peoples' rights with respect to destructive government? How did the colonists act on this promise?

Gives the right for the people to change and adapt the declaration. The people have a right to abolish it and create a new government. The revolutionary war.

Which of these is true of current communist countries?

Government controls natural resource use

What are the purposes of government?

Government is to provide security and economic security, leadership, maintain order, and provide assistance. Organizes the state and people within the government. The Government should also pass laws. Follow the constitution.

The development of socialism was a reaction to

Industrial Revolution

Which of the following individuals is most closely associated with communism?

Karl Marx

What is a mixed economy? Give one example of why the United States is considered one.

Mixed Economy- a system in which gov. regulates private enterprise. Mixed with Socialism and Capitilism. After the Great Depression we slowly changed into one. With the program FDR set up to help people.

free enterprise

Oppertutinty to control ones own economic decisions

A government using a socialist approach would be most likely to do which of these?

Provide vouchers for health care to the unemployed

A producer in a capitalist system might do which of the following to further her goals?

Redesign products to use fewer resources

Totalitarianism

System of government that has total control

What pushed the U.S. government to get involved in the economy in the 1930's?

The Great Depression

Why did the Founders adopt a federal system of government instead of a unitary system?

The founding fathers chose a system of federalism as both a compromise and a safeguard against tyranny. They didn't want the government to have all the power.

Why does the United States not have a purely capitalistic economy?

The government regulates many aspects of the economy

Divine Right Theory

The idea that the gods chose the person or family to rule.

What are the essential features of a state? Why is each necessary?

The states that makeup today's political world share four essential features: population, territory, sovereignty, and government. They are necessary because they are the states meaning.

Economics

The study of how people seek to satisfy their needs and wants by making choices

Environmental regulation by the government can reduce production of goods by limiting the amount of resources that are available for use. T or F

True

In a traditional economy, rugs woven from wool may be traded for fish and other food. T or F

True

Republic

Voters hold solverty power elected representatives, responsible to the people who have that power

consitiutional government

a constitution has authority to place clearly reorganized limits on the powers to how govern

Nation

a group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity

Country

a political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government

State

a political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government

Oligarchy

a small group of people having control

Democratic Socialists

a socialist who is committed to democracy but wants government involvement in the distribution of wealth

Government

an institution through which leaders exercise power to make and enforce laws affecting the people under its control

A crucial factor in capitalism is the role of

competition

Authoritarian

controlling all aspects of citizens' economic, political, and social lives

free market

economic system in which buyers and sellers make free choices in the marketplace

institution

establishment practice, or social organization

Domocracy

government by the people

While socialist governments provide many social services, such as education and health care, they also

have higher tax rates

Which of the following is a role a government might play in a mixed economy?

inspect food

Democratic Government

obtain power through trust and consent of their people

In a purely communist country, the state would

own all land and resources

Regulations

rules governing the operation of all government programs that have the force of law

Evolution Theory

state developed naturally out of the early family

Force Theory

strong person or group took control of others

Sovereignty

supreme power or authority within territorial boundaries

Many of the basic ideas of capitalism are found in

the writings of Adam Smith